UML被MDA用來描述各種模型它并不是為MDA而生PPT優(yōu)秀資料

MDA:ModelDriven

Architecture荊玲MF0933014Summary1.Introduction2.MDAOverview3.DevelopinginMDA4.Prosvs.Cons1.IntroductionAheterogeneousworld…Programminglanguages:~3millionCOBOLProgrammers~1.6millionVBProgrammers~1.1millionC/C++ProgrammersOperatingsystems:Unix,MacOS,Windows(3.1->XP),PalmOSEmbeddeddevicesNetworks:Ethernet,IP,USB,

FireWireBluetooth,802.11b,

HomeRFDomainFacilitiesModel6millionVBProgrammersWecanagreeatanhigherlevelDifferentimplementationofmappingscangenerateverydifferentcodeormodelsWhatistheMDA?PlatformIndependentModels(PIM)PIM:anexampleWhatistheMDA?TheObjectManagementGroup(OMG)CWM（公共倉庫元模型）提供了一種數(shù)據(jù)格式變換的手段，在任意級別的模型上都可以使用CWM來描述兩種數(shù)據(jù)模型之間的映射規(guī)則，比如將數(shù)據(jù)實體從關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫變換為XML格式。WhatistheMDA?Wherecanweagree?HetereogenityhindersthedevelopmentofenterprisedistributedsystemsTherewillnotbeconsensusonHardwareOperatingsystemsNetworkprotocolsProgramminglanguagesWecanagreeatanhigherlevelMiddlewareMiddlewareAsoftwarelayerthatmaskshetereogeneityPlacedbetweenoperatingsystemsandapplicationcomponentsMiddlewareproliferation Middlewareitselfhasproliferated:CORBACOM/DCOM/MTSJava/EJBXML/SOAPC#/.NETNoneofthemprevailsovertheothersTheproblemremainsSolution Isolateinformationandprocessinglogicfromtechnologyspecifics.Buildplatformindependentmodels:UMLisindependentofCORBA,COM,EJB,XML,etcthusiswell-suitedasalanguagefordescribingMapthesemodelstospecificplatformsMaintaintheseparationattheimplementationlevel2.MDAOverviewDevelopinginMDAMDAapplication-modelingtoolscontainrepresentationsofPervasiveServicesandDomainFacilitiesallowingthemtobeusedand/orincorporatedintheapplicationviaamenuselectionPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)OperatingsystemsMiddlewareitselfhasproliferated:DevelopinginMDAMaintaintheseparationattheimplementationlevelDevelopinginMDA–Step3:

GeneratingApplication(2/2)DevelopinginMDA–Step1:

thePIM(2/2)1millionC/C++Programmers1->XP),PalmOSOperatingsystems:MDA:ModelDriven

ArchitectureTheObjectManagementGroup(OMG)Anopenmembershipandno-profitconsortiumProducesandmantainscomputerindustryspecificationsforinteroperableenterpriseapplicationsSomeoftheOMGmembers:AT&TBEABorlandBoeingCACitigroupCompaqEricssonFordFujitsuGlaxoHPHitachiHyperionIBMIONAioSoftwareKabiraKCJohnDeereMicrosoftMITREMSCSoftNASANECNetGenicsNTTOASISOraclePfizerRationalSAGASAPSASSecantSiemensSprintSunUnisysVertelWhatistheMDA?AnapproachtoITsystemspecificationthatseparatesthespecificationofsystemfunctionalityfromthespecificationoftheimplementationofthatfunctionalityonaparticulartechnologyplatform“Designonce,builditonanyplatform”SomeKeyTermsModelPlatformPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)PlatformSpecificModel(PSM)ModelAmodelisaformalspecificationofthefunction,structureand/orbehaviourofasystemExamples:SourcecodeisamodelAnUML-basedspecificationisamodelModelsofdifferentsystemsarestructuredexplicitlyinto:PlatformIndependentModels(PIM)PlatformSpecificModels(PSM)PlatformTechnologicalandengineeringdetailsthatareirrelevanttothefundamentalfunctionalityofasoftwarecomponentDevelopinginMDAAnMDAtoolgeneratesallormostoftheimplementationcodeforthedeploymenttechnologyselectedbythedeveloperVerticalDomainsXMI是基于XML的元數(shù)據(jù)交換。PIMcanbemappedeithertoasingleplatformortomultipleplatformsDevelopinginMDA–Step2:

thePSM(1/2)1->XP),PalmOSAllMDAdevelopmentprojectsstartwiththecreationofaPIMPIM:anexampleUnix,MacOS,Windows(3.第二，模型可以使用圖形化的工具維護模型了。TheObjectManagementGroup(OMG)1millionC/C++ProgrammersPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)DomainFacilitiesModel11b,HomeRFPlatformIndependentModel(PIM)A“formal”specificationofthestructureandfunctionofasystemthatabstractsawaytechnicaldetailExpressedusingUMLPIM:anexamplePlatformSpecificModel(PSM)SpecifieshowthefunctionalityspecifiedinaPIMisrealizedonaparticularplatformExpressedusingUMLextendedwithplatformspecificUMLprofilesPSM:anexampleBasicmodelingtechnology(1/2)UML–unifiedmodelinglanguage

UML被MDA用來描述各種模型。它并不是為MDA而生，但是作為目前最為風行的建模語言，UML已經(jīng)占據(jù)了全球建模語言領(lǐng)域90％的市場份額，成為了建模語言事實上的標準，因此OMG將它作為MDA技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)是自然而然的明智選擇。它是MDA的基礎(chǔ)，也是MDA最有力的武器。MOF–metaobjectfacility

MOF是比UML更高層次的抽象，它的目的是為了描述UML的擴展或者其它未來可能出現(xiàn)的類UML的建模語言。由此我們可以看到OMG的"野心"，雖然MOF也不是為MDA而生的，但是我們可以體味到OMG的工程師們良苦的用心和長遠的目光。Basicmodelingtechnology(2/2)XMI–XMLmetadatainterchange

XMI是基于XML的元數(shù)據(jù)交換。它通過標準化的XML文檔格式和DTDs（DocumentTypeDefinitions）為各種模型定義了一種基于XML的數(shù)據(jù)交換格式。這使得作為最終產(chǎn)品的模型可以在各種不同的工具中傳遞，這一點是非常重要的，它保證了MDA不會在打破了一種束縛之后再被加上一層新的束縛。CWM–commonwarehousemetamodel

CWM（公共倉庫元模型）提供了一種數(shù)據(jù)格式變換的手段，在任意級別的模型上都可以使用CWM來描述兩種數(shù)據(jù)模型之間的映射規(guī)則，比如將數(shù)據(jù)實體從關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫變換為XML格式。在MOF的框架下，CWM使得通用的數(shù)據(jù)模型變換引擎成為可能。MDAinaSnapshotCoreTechnologiesCoreTargetPlatformsPervasiveServicesVerticalDomains3.DevelopinginMDADevelopinginMDA–Step1:

thePIM(1/2)AllMDAdevelopmentprojectsstartwiththecreationofaPIMPIMatthislevelrepresentsbusinessfunctionalityandbehaviour,undistortedbytechnologydetailsMDAapplication-modelingtoolscontainrepresentationsofPervasiveServicesandDomainFacilitiesallowingthemtobeusedand/orincorporatedintheapplicationviaamenuselectionDevelopinginMDA–Step1:

thePIM(2/2)PIMPervasiveServicesModelCallsDomainFacilitiesModelCallsDevelopinginMDA–Step2:

thePSM(1/2)Oncethefirstiterationiscomplete,thePIMisinputtothemappingstepwhichwillproduceaPSMCodeispartiallyautomaticandpartiallyhand-writtenPIMcanbemappedeithertoasingleplatformortomultipleplatformsDevelopinginMDA–Step2:

thePSM(2/2)PIMCORBAModelMapstoJava/EJBModelMapstoOtherModel…MapstoDevelopinginMDA–Step3:

GeneratingApplication(1/2)AnMDAtoolgeneratesallormostoftheimplementationcodeforthedeploymenttechnologyselectedbythedeveloperRe-integrationonnewplatformscanbedonebyreverseengineeringtheexistingapplicationintoamodelandredeployDevelopinginMDA–Step3:

GeneratingApplication(2/2)PIMCORBAModelMa