建筑結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)常用詞匯

建筑結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)常用詞匯建筑結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)常用詞匯建筑結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)常用詞匯xxx公司建筑結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)常用詞匯文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度總體設(shè)計(jì)Generaldesign設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)Designbasis建筑紅線Buildingline建筑系數(shù)Coefficientofbuildingoccupation界區(qū)Batterylimited有效面積Effectivearea使用面積Usablearea結(jié)構(gòu)面積Structuralarea建筑面積Buildingarea建筑面積密度Densityofbuildingarea豎向布置Verticalplanning高程Altitude等高線Contourline相對(duì)標(biāo)高Relativeelevation絕對(duì)標(biāo)高Absolutealtitude地震基本烈度Basicearthquakeintensity抗震設(shè)防烈度Fortificationintensity風(fēng)玫瑰Windrose建筑朝向Buildingorientation建筑間距Buildingdistance公頃Hectare指北針Northarrow測(cè)北Geophicalnorth建北Plantnorth氣象Meteorology日照Sunshine天然采光Naturallighting人工照明Artificantlight;artificialillumination照度Degreeofillumination通風(fēng)Ventilation正壓通風(fēng)Positiveventilating噪聲Noise隔聲Soundinsulation吸聲Soundabsorption保溫隔熱Heatinsulation露點(diǎn)Dewpoint冷橋Cold-bridge遮陽(yáng)Sunshade恒溫恒濕Constanttemperature&constanthumidity消聲Noiseelimination;noisereduction防振antivibration建筑一般詞匯Conventionaltermsofarchitecture方案Scheme;draft草圖Sketch透視圖Perspectivedrawing建筑構(gòu)圖Architecturalcomposition坐標(biāo)Coordinate縱坐標(biāo)Ordinate橫坐標(biāo)Abscissa跨度Span開(kāi)關(guān)Bay進(jìn)深Depth層高Floorheight凈高Clearheight;headroom橫數(shù)Module;modulus裙房Skirtbuilding樓梯Stair梯段Stairslab樓梯平臺(tái)Stairlanding安全出口Safetyexit疏散樓梯Escapestaircase樓梯間Stairwell封閉樓梯間Enclosurestaircase防煙樓梯間Smokepreventionstairwell消防電梯間Emergencyelevatorswell自動(dòng)扶梯Escalator中庭Atrium疏散走道Escapecorridor;escapeway耐火等級(jí)Fire-resistivegrade生產(chǎn)類別Classificationofproduction耐火極限D(zhuǎn)urationoffire-resistance防火間距File-breakdistance泄壓面積Areaofpressurerelease悶頂Mezanine;mezzanine磚標(biāo)號(hào)Gradeofbrick;strengthofbrick承重墻Bearingwall非承重墻Non-bearingwall擋土墻Retainingwall填充墻Fillerwall圍護(hù)墻Curtainwall;claddingwall;enclosurewall女兒墻Parapetwall隔墻Partition（浴室、廁所）隔斷Stall窗間墻Pier墻垛Pillar過(guò)梁Lintel圈梁Gird;girt;girth防潮層Damp-proofcourse勒腳Plinth橫梁Transversebeam縱橫Longitudinalwall山墻Gable;gablewall防火墻Firewall壓頂Coping勾縫Pointing磚砌平拱Brickflatarch預(yù)埋件Embeddedinserts直抓梯Ladder欄桿Railing防腐蝕Corrosionresistant;Anticorrosion化學(xué)溶蝕Chemicalerosion膨脹腐蝕Expansioncorrosion化學(xué)腐蝕Chemicalcorrosion電化學(xué)腐蝕Electro-chemicalcorrosion晶間腐蝕Intergranularcorrosion氣相腐蝕Gaseouscorrosion液相腐蝕Liquidoidcorrosion固相腐蝕Solidcorrosion腐蝕裕度Allowanceforcorrosion銹蝕rusting建筑材料Buildingmaterials級(jí)配砂石Gradedsand&gravel素土夯實(shí)Rammedearth灰土Lime-soil素混凝土Plainconcrete鋼筋混凝土Reinforcedconcrete細(xì)石混凝土Fineaggregateconcrete輕質(zhì)混凝土Lightweightconcrete加氣混凝土Aerocrete;Aerocreteconcrete陶?；炷罜eramsiteconcrete水泥膨脹珍珠巖Cement&expendedpearlite巖棉Mineralwool;minewool瀝青asphalt卷材Felt瑪蹄脂Asphaltmastic粘土磚Claybrick釉面磚Porcelainenamelbrick空心磚Hollowbrick砌塊Block缸磚guarrybrick錦磚mosac地面磚pavingbrick防滑地磚non-slipbrick耐酸磚（板）acidbrick(acidtile)膠泥mastic粘土瓦Cloytile玻璃瓦enamelledtile波形鍍鋅鋼板galvanizedcorrugatesteelsheet玻璃鋼瓦glass-fiberreinforcedplastictile彩色壓型鋼（鉛）板colouredcorrugatesteel(aluminium)plat;profiuingcolouredstccl(aluminium)plat石棉水泥瓦ashestos-cementsheet水磨石terrajjo水刷石graniteplaster花崗石granite磨光花崗石polishedgranite剁斧石artificialstone大理石marble水泥砂漿抹面cementplaster石灰砂漿抹面limeplaster水泥石灰砂漿抹面cement-limeplaster刀灰打底hemp-cutandlimeasbase原木Log方木squaretimber板材plank膠合板plywood三夾板3plywood五夾板5plywood平板玻璃flatglass浮法玻璃float-processglass磨砂玻璃groundglass;frostedglass起玻璃prismglass夾絲玻璃Wireglass夾層玻璃sandwichglass中空玻璃hollowglass鋼化玻璃reinforcedglass鍍膜玻璃coatingglass有機(jī)玻璃organicglass建筑構(gòu)造及配件Buildingconstruction&component鋪砌paving地坪grade基層bedding素土夯實(shí)rammedearth墊層base結(jié)合層bondingcourse面層Covering隔離層insulationcourse活動(dòng)地板raisingfloor;movablefloor;accessfloor篦子板grating地面提示塊groundprompt遮陽(yáng)板sunshade窗套Windowmoulding護(hù)角curbguard防水層water-proofcourse找平層Levelingcourse隔熱層heatinsulationcourse保溫層thermalinsulationcourse檁條purlin天窗skylight天棚ceiling吊頂suspendingceiling吊頂龍骨ceilingjoist雨水口draingulley水斗Leadhead雨水管Leader;downspout天溝Valley挑檐overhangingeave檐口eave泛水flashing分水線watershed檐溝eavegutter匯水面積catchmentarea雨罩canopy散水a(chǎn)pron坡道ramp臺(tái)階entrancesteps保溫門thermalinsulationdoor隔聲門（窗）soundinsulationdoor(window);acousticaldoor(window)防火門（窗）firedoor(window)冷藏門freezerdoor安全門exitdoor防護(hù)門（窗）protectiondoor(window)屏蔽門（窗）Shielddoor(window)防風(fēng)砂門radiationresistingdoor(window)密閉門（窗）weathertightdoor泄壓門（窗）pressurereleasedoor(window)壁柜門closetdoor變壓器間門transformerroomdoor圍墻門gate車庫(kù)門garagedoor保險(xiǎn)門safedoor引風(fēng)門ventilationdoor檢修門accessdoor平開(kāi)門（窗）side-hungdoor推拉門（窗）slidingdoor彈簧門swingdoor折迭門foldingdoor卷簾門rollingdoor轉(zhuǎn)門revolvingdoor夾板門plywooddoor拼板門FLBdoor(framed,Ledgedandbatteneddoor);matchboarddoor實(shí)拼門soliddoor鑲板門paneldoor鑲玻璃門glazeddoor玻璃門glassdoor鋼木門steel&woodendoor百頁(yè)門shutterdoor連窗門doorwithsidewindow傳遞窗deliverywindow觀察窗observationwindow換氣窗ventsast上懸窗top-hungwindow中懸窗center-pivotedwindow下懸窗bottom-hungwindow立轉(zhuǎn)窗verticallypivotedwindow固定窗fixedwindow單層窗singlewindow雙層窗doublewindow百頁(yè)窗shutter帶形窗continuouswindow子母扇窗attachedsashwindow組合窗compositewindow落地窗Frenchwindow玻璃幕墻glazedcurtainwall門（窗）框door(window)frame拼樘料transom（橫），mullion（豎）門（窗）扇door(window)leaf(平開(kāi)窗扇casementsash)紗扇screensash亮子transom,fanlight門心板pancl披水板weatherboard貼臉板trim筒子板Lining窗臺(tái)板sillplate防護(hù)鐵柵barricade;irongrille;grating合頁(yè)butts;hinges;butthinges執(zhí)手knob撐檔catch滑道slidingtrack插銷bolt拉手pull推板pushplate門鎖morticelock;doorlock執(zhí)手鎖morticelockwithknob建筑結(jié)構(gòu)Buildingstructure荷載Load活荷載Liveload靜荷載，恒載Deadload靜力荷載Staticload移動(dòng)荷載Movingload動(dòng)力荷載Dynamicload沖擊荷載impactload附加荷載Superimposedload規(guī)定荷載（又稱標(biāo)準(zhǔn)荷載）SpecifiedLoad集中荷載ConcentratedLoad分布荷載DistributedLoad設(shè)計(jì)荷載DesignLoad軸向荷載AxialLoad偏心荷載EccentricLoad風(fēng)荷載WindLoad風(fēng)力、風(fēng)壓Windforce、WindPressure雪荷載SnowLoad屋面積灰荷載RoofashLoad（吊車）最大輪壓MaximumWheelLoad吊車荷載CraneLoad安裝荷載ErectionLoad施工荷載ConstructionLoad不對(duì)稱荷載UnsymmetricalLoading重復(fù)荷載RepeatedLoad剛性荷載RigidLoad柔性荷載FlexibleLoad臨界荷載CriticalLoad容許荷載AdmissibleLoad,AllowableLoadsafeLoad極限荷載UltimateLoad條形荷載StripLoad破壞荷載FailureLoad,Loadatfailure地震荷載SeismicLoad;Earthquakeload荷載組合Combinationofload地基和基礎(chǔ)Soilandfoundation地基(Bed)soil天然地基Naturalground人工地基Artificialground混凝土基礎(chǔ)Concretefoundation;Concretefooting毛石基礎(chǔ)Rubblemasonryfooting;(Rubble)stonefooting磚基礎(chǔ)Brickworkfooting樁基礎(chǔ)Pilefoundation設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)Equipmentfoundation機(jī)器基礎(chǔ)Machinefoundation獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)Individualfooting,IsolatedfoundationPadfoundation聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ)Combinedfooting大塊式基礎(chǔ)Massivefoundation條形基礎(chǔ)Stripfoundation;StripfootingStrapfooting;Continuousfooting方形基礎(chǔ)Squarefooting杯形基礎(chǔ)Footingsocket板式基礎(chǔ)Slab-foundation;Matfooting階梯形基礎(chǔ)Steppedfoundation;Benchedfoundation(Steppedfooting)擴(kuò)展基礎(chǔ)spreadfooting擴(kuò)底基礎(chǔ)Under-reamedfoundation浮伐基地Raftfoundation;BuoyantfoundationFloatingfoundation沉箱（井）基礎(chǔ)Caissonfoundation構(gòu)架式基礎(chǔ)Framefoundation深基礎(chǔ)Deepfoundation基礎(chǔ)FootingFoundation基槽Foundationditch;Foundationtrench基坑Foundationpit基礎(chǔ)板Foundationslab基礎(chǔ)梁FoundationbeamFootingbeam基礎(chǔ)底面Foundationbase基礎(chǔ)底板Foundationmat基礎(chǔ)墊層Foundation-bed基礎(chǔ)埋置深度Depthofembedmentfoundation地下連續(xù)墻Undelgroundcontinuouswall打樁Piledriving打樁機(jī)Pileengine;Piledriver;Rammactuine鋼樁Steelpile水樁Woodpile;Timberpile鋼筋混凝土樁Reinforcedconcretepile砂樁Sandpile石灰樁Limepile;Limecolumn;Quicklimepile單樁Singlepile群樁Pilegroup;Pilecluster斜樁Batterpile預(yù)制樁precastpile灌注樁In-situpile;Cast-in-placepileCast-in-situpile;Fillingpile板樁sheetpile拆密樁Compactionpile擠密砂樁Sandcompactionpile灰土擠密樁Line-soilcompactionpile鉆孔樁Boredpile打入樁Driuenpile摩擦樁Frictionpile;Buoyantpile端承樁Endbearingpile;Pointbearingpile;Columnpile(柱樁）支承樁Bearingpile抗拔樁Tensionpile;Upliftpile;抗滑樁Anti-sliclepile樁承臺(tái)Pilecap樁帽Pilecap;pilecouel樁頭Pilecrown;pilehead樁端Piletip樁身Pileshaft樁距Pilespacing樁鋼筋籠Pilecage試樁Testpile樁荷載試驗(yàn)Pileloadtest樁的動(dòng)荷載試驗(yàn)Dynamicloadtestofpile樁的側(cè)向荷載試驗(yàn)Lateralpileloadtest樁的極限荷載Ultimatepileload樁承載能力Pilecapacity;BearingcapacityofapileCarryingcapacityofapile土壓力Earthpressure主動(dòng)土壓力Activeearthpressure被動(dòng)土壓力Passiveearthpressure靜止土壓力Earthpressureatrest容許地耐力Allowablebearingstrength冰凍深度Frozendepth;Frostdepth;Frostpenetrationdepthoffrostpenetration防凍深度Frost-proofdepth粘土類土Clayeysoil輕亞粘土Sandyloam亞粘土Sandyclay;Loam砂質(zhì)土Sandysoil砂礫石Sandygravelstratum膨脹土Expansivesoil硬質(zhì)土，硬盤巖，硬土層Hardpan液限Liquidlimit塑限Plasticlimit塑料指數(shù)Indexofplasticity松軟土Mellowsoil;spongysoil回填土BackfillRefilling雜填土Miscellaneousfill地表水Surfacewater;地下水Groundwater地下水位Groundwatereltualion;Groundwaterlevel;Groundwatertable容重Unitweight干容重Dryunitweight濕容重Wetunitweight飽和容重Saturatedunitweight不均勻沉降Unequalsettlement;Differentialsettlement地基處理Groundtreatment地基加固Groundstabilization;soilimprovement土質(zhì)查勘Soilexploration地質(zhì)勘察Geologicalexploration沉陷Settlement傾斜obliquity;Inclination滑移Sliding夯實(shí)土Compactedsoil夯實(shí)填土Compactedfill夯實(shí)回填土Tampedbackfill夯實(shí)分層厚度Compactedlift持力層Bearingstratum;Supporting;Course管道與基礎(chǔ)相碰Pipelineinterfereswithfoundation一般結(jié)構(gòu)用語(yǔ)Termsforgeneralstructures建筑結(jié)構(gòu)Buildingstructure建筑物Building結(jié)構(gòu)形式Structuraltype混凝土（砼）結(jié)構(gòu)Concretestructure砌體結(jié)構(gòu)Masonrystructure磚砌結(jié)構(gòu)Brickstructure石砌結(jié)構(gòu)Stonestructure磚砼結(jié)構(gòu)Brickandconcretestructure鋼結(jié)構(gòu)Steelstructure結(jié)構(gòu)型鋼Shapesteel木結(jié)構(gòu)Timberstructure組合結(jié)構(gòu)Compositestructure框架結(jié)構(gòu)Framestructure梁板結(jié)構(gòu)Beamandslabstructure構(gòu)件Member承重構(gòu)件Load-bearingmember結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件Structuremember肋形屋蓋Ribbedroof肋形樓板Ribbedfloorslab無(wú)梁樓板Flatplate;Flatslab桁架；屋架Truss;Rooftruss三角形屋（桁）架Triangulartruss梯形屋（桁）架Trapezoidaltruss拱形屋架Archrooftruss折線形屋架Segmentalrooftruss弓形桁架Bowstringtruss框架Frame排架Bentframe剛架Rigidframe門架Portalframe抗風(fēng)構(gòu)架Windframe抗震構(gòu)架Aseismicframe梁Beam;Girder大梁Girder主梁Principalbeam;Primarybeam次梁Secondarybeam加腋梁Haunchedbeam筒支梁Simplybeam固端梁Fixedbeam懸臂梁Cantileverbeam連續(xù)梁Continuousbeam托梁Spandrel圈梁girth過(guò)梁Lintel曲梁Curvedbeambowbeam基礎(chǔ)梁Foundationbeam吊車梁CranegirderT形梁T-beam柱Column組合柱Combinationcolumn立柱Post吊車柱Cranecolumn抗風(fēng)柱Endpanelcolumn墻wall板slabplate承重墻Bearingwalls柱網(wǎng)Columngrid支撐系統(tǒng)Bracesystem柱間支撐Portalbracingbetweencolumns屋石支撐Roofbracing垂直支撐Verticalbracing水平支撐Horizontalbracing剪刀撐Crossbracing臨時(shí)頂撐,支撐Shoring桁架式支撐Trussedbracing斜撐Kneel-brace上弦Topchord下弦Bottomchord節(jié)間Panel節(jié)點(diǎn)Panelpoint壓桿Compressionmember;strut拉桿Tensionmember;Tie-beam腹桿Webmember斜桿Diagonalmember斜腹桿Diagonalwebmember吊桿Hangedrod;sagrod系桿，拉桿Tiebar;sagrod天窗架Skylightframe天窗Monitor;Skylight托座、牛腿Bracket檀條Purlin連接Connection接點(diǎn)Joint鉸接點(diǎn)Hingedpoint固接點(diǎn)FixedJoint安裝接點(diǎn)Erectionjoint拼接接點(diǎn)Splicejoint節(jié)點(diǎn)板、連接板Gussetplate;connectingplate加勁板Stiffenerplate支撐板Bearingplate填隙板Fillerplate梁柱接頭Beam-columnconnections截面Crosssection拱Arch殼Shell伸縮縫Expansionjoint沉降縫Settlementjoint施工縫Constructionjoint防震縫Aseismicjoint結(jié)構(gòu)理論用語(yǔ)Termsfortheoryofslructuresa)設(shè)計(jì)方法術(shù)語(yǔ)Termsfordesignmethod結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)Structuredesign按極限強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)Ultimatestrengthdesign按許可應(yīng)力設(shè)計(jì)Workingstressdesign按承載能力設(shè)計(jì)Loadingcapacitydesign按穩(wěn)定性設(shè)計(jì)Designaccordingtostability按變形設(shè)計(jì)Designaccordingtodeformation結(jié)構(gòu)分析Structuralanalysis結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算Structuralcalculation靜定結(jié)構(gòu)Staticallydeterminatestructures超靜定結(jié)構(gòu)Staticallyindeterminstestructures精確計(jì)算Rigorouscalculation近似計(jì)算Approximatecalculation安全等級(jí)Safetyclasses極限狀態(tài)Limitstates摩擦系數(shù)Coefficientoffriction質(zhì)量密度Massdensity重力密度Weight(Force)densityb)結(jié)構(gòu)的作用效應(yīng)術(shù)語(yǔ)軸向力Normalforce剪力Shearforce彎矩Bendingmoment扭矩Torque水平推力Horizontalthrust水平拉力Horizontalpull水平（垂直）分力Horizontal(vertical)component合力Resultant正應(yīng)力Normalstress剪應(yīng)力Shearstress主應(yīng)力Principalstress次應(yīng)力Secondarystress預(yù)應(yīng)力Prestress位移Displacement撓度Deflection變形Deformation彎曲Bending;Flexure扭轉(zhuǎn)Torsionc)材料性能、結(jié)構(gòu)抗力術(shù)語(yǔ)Termsofpropertyofmaterialandresistamleofstructure抗力Resistancc抵抗力矩Resistantemoment強(qiáng)度Strength剛度Stiffness;Rigidity抗裂度Crackresistance抗壓強(qiáng)度Compressiuestrength抗拉強(qiáng)度Tensilestrength抗剪強(qiáng)度Shearstrength抗變強(qiáng)度Flcxuralstrength抗扭強(qiáng)度Torsionalstrength抗裂強(qiáng)度Crackingstrength屈服強(qiáng)度Yieldstrength疲勞強(qiáng)度Fatiguestrength彈性模量Modulusofelasticity剪切模量Shearmodulus變形模量Modulusofdeformation穩(wěn)定性Stabilith泊松比Poissonratiod)幾何參數(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)Termaofgeometryparameter截面高度Heightofsection截面有效高度Effectivedepthofsection載面寬度Breadthofsection截面厚度Thicknessofsection截面面積Areaofsection截面面積矩Firstmomentofarea截面慣性矩Secondmomentofarea截面抵抗矩模量規(guī)范中用詞Sectionmodulus回轉(zhuǎn)半徑Radiusofgyration偏心距eccentricity長(zhǎng)度Length跨度Span矢高Rvse長(zhǎng)細(xì)比Slendernessratio磚石結(jié)構(gòu)Masonryconstruction磚砌體Brickwork砌筑Laying磚標(biāo)號(hào)Gradeofbrick;Strengthofbrick毛石砌體Rubblemasonry毛石砼砌體Groutedrubblemasonry水泥砂漿Cementmortar石灰砂漿Limemortar水泥石灰砂漿cement-limemortar砂漿找平Mortarleveling鋼筋砼結(jié)構(gòu)Reinforcedconcretestructure素混凝土Plainconcrete鋼筋混凝土Reinforcedconcrete預(yù)應(yīng)力砼Prestressedconcrete砼標(biāo)號(hào)Gradeofconcrete鋼號(hào)Gradeofsteel整體式結(jié)構(gòu)Monolithicstructure裝配式結(jié)構(gòu)Assembledstructure預(yù)制構(gòu)件Precastelement;Fabricatedelement現(xiàn)澆Cast-in-site;Placed-in-site澆灌砼Concr