高考英語二輪復習考點練習考點35閱讀理解記敘文 (含解析)

考點35閱讀理解記敘文高考頻度：★★★★★記敘文類文章描述的是一件具體事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局，通常有時間、地點、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過為主線敘述的，在敘述的過程中有詳有略；有些文章是按時間的順序敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。從總體上來講，文章的難度通常不大，在閱讀過程中，我們一直在某個線索的引導下，隨著作者的思路去了解一個故事或一件事情的始末，因此會感到比較輕松。命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關(guān)系、作者的意圖和態(tài)度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學生對細節(jié)的辨認能力以及推理判斷能力。閱讀此類文章應特別注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，應讀懂故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、高潮和結(jié)局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蘊含的哲理意義；（3）若是＂逸聞趣事＂，應體會對話的風趣性，進而才能感受幽默的精髓。二、命題方式考向一細節(jié)事實理解一篇文章必然是由許多具體的細節(jié)、具體的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成的，所有這些信息以某種順序（時間、空間、情感變化等）排列起來，來進一步解釋或闡釋主題，體現(xiàn)文章的主旨大意。細節(jié)理解題目主要考查學生對文章具體事實和細節(jié)的理解能力，屬于表層理解題范疇，難度較小，但在整個閱讀理解題中所占比例最大，細節(jié)理解題多從文章的某個具體事實或細節(jié)出發(fā)來設(shè)計題目。此類題通常根據(jù)文章具體內(nèi)容來設(shè)問，也常使用下列方式來提問：1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)true/correct?2.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?3.Allofthefollowingaretrueexcept...4.Accordingtothepassage,when/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc...？1.直接事實題在解答這類問題時要求學生抓住題干文字信息，采用針對性方法進行閱讀，因為這類題的答案在文章中可以直接找到。2020年山東省高考英語試卷（新高考全國Ⅰ卷，B）JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(學費),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(犧牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.4．WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A．Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B．Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C．Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D．Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5．WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A．Totakecareofherkidseasily. B．Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C．Tosavemoneyforherparents. D．Tofindawell-paidjobthere.6．WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A．Herhealth. B．Hertimewithfamily.C．Herreputation. D．Herchanceofpromotion.7．WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A．Timeismoney. B．Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C．Hardworkpaysoff. D．Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4．C5．A6．B【解析】4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學院來支付她的學費，因為家里沒有額外的錢用來支付大學教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過自己掙錢來完成大學教學，因為家里沒有額外的錢。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力讀完了大學)符合以上說法，故選C項。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項目，因為她可以在離家近的地方攻讀四年的學位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項目是因為離家近，這樣便于照顧她的三個孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(為了方便照顧她的孩子)符合以上說法，故選A項。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer為了實現(xiàn)自己的目標犧牲了很多，她放棄了很多個和孩子待在一起的晚上，錯過了很多重要的活動)可知，為了實現(xiàn)自己的目標Jennifer放棄了和家人待在一起的時光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她與家人的時光)符合以上說法，故選B項。2.間接事實題解答此類題，需要結(jié)合上下文提供的語境和信息進行簡單的概括和判斷或者要進行簡單的計算。InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian,hostofthewell-receivedTVprogramme＂StarsTonight＂，MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,appearedastheguesthostessontheShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongkongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.＂It’sreallyahardjobforme.Iwon’tenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow,Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime,inShanghai,I’dlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience，＂saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.Q：WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongkongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.【解析】A、C和D項都可在原文找到答案，而B項原文所給的是：takentoHongkong可判斷不是movedtoHongkongwithherparents，因此選B?！敬鸢浮?.數(shù)據(jù)推算。IfyouregisterboththeVIEWqualificationcourseandtheForumatthesametime,youwillsave_______.A.$100 B.$300 C.$350 D.$400這類題目要求學生就文章提供的數(shù)據(jù)，以及數(shù)據(jù)與文中其他信息的關(guān)系做簡單計算和推斷。在做此類題時：1.要抓住并正確理解與數(shù)據(jù)有關(guān)的信息含義。2.弄清眾多信息中那些屬于有用信息，那些屬于干擾信息。3.不要孤立看待數(shù)字信息，而要抓住一些關(guān)鍵用語的意義?？枷蚨黝}理解或?qū)懽饕鈭D推斷一、主旨閱讀理解題考查的內(nèi)容1.短文的標題（title,headline）；2.短文或段落的主題（subject）；3.中心思想(mainidea)；4.作者的寫作目的(purpose)。二、此類題的設(shè)問方式1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?2.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?4.Themainpurposeofannouncingtheaboveeventsis__________.考向三推理推斷推理題要求考生根據(jù)文章提供的事實和線索進行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到或者沒有明說的事實或者可能發(fā)生的事實。這類題旨在考查學生透過詞語的字面意義去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，屬于深層理解題。此類題的設(shè)問常常包括infer,imply,suggest,conclude等詞，這類題的設(shè)問方式主要有：1.WecaninferfromthePassagethat__________.2.WhatcanbeinferredfromthePassage?3.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthePassage?4.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that__________.5.Theauthorsuggestsinthisparagraphthat__________.6.Thewriterimpliesthat__________.7.Itcanbeinferredthat__________.8.ItcanbeconcludedfromthePassagethat__________.9.Onthewhole,wecanconcludethat__________.10.Fromthetextwecanconcludethat__________.11.AfterreadingthePassagewemayconcludethat__________.12.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthePassage?13.Theauthorisinclinedtothinkthat__________.14.Whenthewritertalksabout,whathereallymeansisthat__________.15.What’sthewriter’sattitude/feelingtowards...?16.Inthewriter’sopinion,...考向四詞義、句義猜測。詞義猜測閱讀理解題考查對文中關(guān)鍵詞語的理解。在閱讀理解題中，所考查的詞或短語的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據(jù)語境來判斷。此類題的設(shè)問方式主要有1.Theword＂...＂inLine...means/canbereplacedby...2.Asusedinthepassage,thephrase＂...＂suggests...3.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword/phrase＂...＂is/referredto...4.Theword＂...＂isclosestinmeaningto...猜詞是應用英語的重要能力，也是高考中常用的題型。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會＂順藤摸瓜＂，通過構(gòu)詞、語法、定義、同位、對比、因果、常識、上下文等線索確定詞義。1.定義法。如：Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.句子給予annealing以明確的定義，即＂退火＂。Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.從后面的解釋中我們可以了解到brittle是＂脆＂的意思。Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.定語從句中l(wèi)ooksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的詞義為＂牧人＂。2.同位法。如：Theytraveledalongwayandatlastgottoacastle,alargebuildinginoldtimes.同位語部分alargebuildinginoldtimes給出了castle的確切詞義，即＂城堡＂。Weareonthenightshift—frommidnightto8A.m.—thisweek.兩個破折號之間的短語很清楚地表明nightshift是＂夜班＂的意思。3.對比法。如：Sheisusuallypromptforallherclass,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.but一詞表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此but前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是＂她今天第一節(jié)上了一半才來＂，因此反向推理，可得出她平時一向＂準時＂的結(jié)論。4.構(gòu)詞法(前綴、后綴、復合、派生等)。如：Perhaps,wecanseesomepossibilitiesfornextfiftyyears.Butthenexthundred?possibility是possible的同根名詞，據(jù)此可以判斷定possibility意思是＂可能性＂。5.因果法。如：Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.從后面的結(jié)果＂永遠不能再運動＂中，可以推測permanent的意思為＂永遠的，永久＂。【解題技巧】高考閱讀理解體裁紛繁多樣，但每套試卷通常包含一到兩篇記敘文。在所有的閱讀體裁中，記敘文的難度相對是比較低的。如果掌握了閱讀的技巧，多多實踐，閱讀能力就有可能大大提高。要熟練掌握記敘文的閱讀技巧，了解記敘文的寫作特點與命題特點也是有必要的。一、記敘文寫作特點記敘文是一種記載和敘述事件由來，描繪事物和人物情景狀態(tài)、過程及發(fā)展的文體。消息、通訊、傳記、游記、小說、童話、寓言以及記敘性的散文等文體，都屬于記敘文的范疇。就寫作順序而言，記敘文要么是按時間順序，要么是按事件的重要性的順序來展開。不管是哪種敘述方法，最后經(jīng)常會有一兩句話抒發(fā)作者的情緒與感悟，這是記敘文的精華所在，也是閱讀的難點所在，可謂＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。二、記敘文命題特點從命題形式上看，常見的有細節(jié)理解、詞義猜測、主旨大意、推理判斷、作者意圖等題型。除了推論或詞義辨識題，記敘文命題的順序一般都會按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M，否則就會覺得別扭，邏輯不通。同時，記敘文需要事件的發(fā)展過程作支撐，一半以上的題目都會用來檢測考生對故事的了解，因此，我們必須弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。而其余像主旨大意、作者意圖之類的題目，則取決于文章的落句，集中考查對作者所發(fā)的感觸的理解。總之，細節(jié)題是記敘文命題的主流題型。而寓意之類的題則是高一層次的題，有一定的難度和區(qū)分度，它們是拉開距離的題，答對了這些題，你才有可能成功地躋身高分之列。綜上所述，記敘文的應對策略即：不漏細節(jié)，奠定基礎(chǔ)；把準寓意，方能成功。三、記敘文答題技巧一把鑰匙開一把鎖。要解答好記敘文閱讀理解題，就應該有一套針對性強的方法和技巧。下面是我們在閱讀教學中積累下來的一點心得體會，希望能對大家有所幫助。No.1順藤摸瓜記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過程中的細節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我們作答細節(jié)題的時候，就沒有那么復雜，一般只需要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了。No.2左顧右盼在做題過程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語或句子。這時我們需要認真研究問題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語，然后到文中準確地找到與之相關(guān)的語句，或是疑似語句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索。No.3刨根問底如前所述，主旨大意題或推理判斷、作者意圖題等實際上是同一類型的問題，或者說是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時候，不可被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個可選項中，一個一個地去證實，去排除。特別是解答推論或暗指類的題目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?＂之類的題目，文中所陳述的往往不是答案。我們要在文前文后去查找，在字里行間里去尋覓。有時還少不了借助自己的生活經(jīng)驗和常理來體會這言外之意。No.4撥云見日每年的高考閱讀題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，都會出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測題。而這些詞匯往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有點頭之交，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在高考詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個詞，一個短語，考核的不是你的語法的熟練程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對文章通篇或者一個段落的整體把握和變通能力。這時，你不僅需要＂左顧右盼＂，還需要在幾句話，一個段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行間中快速搜尋，看看前面、后面都發(fā)生了些什么；反復琢磨人物、事物，或者人物與事物之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，才可能在最后撥開團團迷霧，從四個選項中選出正確答案。題組一（2020年高考真題）Passage1(2020年浙江卷（1月），B)Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.SheranJackson’sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswilling；Iwoulddoanythingtoread.MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksformyself,Shetookmeintointroduceme.“Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,”Mothersaid.Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesamedayyou`dtakenitout；itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou’dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.Youcouldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhomeinthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.IrememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof"LittleRedRidingHood"withmybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer–incharacter–"Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.21．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedMrs.Calloway?A．diet. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Considerate.22．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling"refertointhelastparagraph?A．Desiretoread. B．LoveforMrs.Calloway.C．Interestingames. D．Fearofthelibraryrules.23．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．guidebook. B．a(chǎn)nautobiography. C．a(chǎn)newsreport. D．bookreview.Passage2(2019·全國山東新高考，C)Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬禮)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.8．WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A．Hisfriends'invitation. B．Hisinterestinthecountry.C．Hisloveforteaching. D．Hisdesiretoregainhealth.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B．TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C．WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D．WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.10．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?A．Romantic. B．Eventful. C．Pleasant. D．Dangerous.11．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceabook. B．Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C．Torememberawriter. D．Torecommendatraveldestination.Passage3(2019·天津卷7月，B)“Theytellmethatyou’dliketomakeastatue(塑像)ofme-isthatcorrect,MissVinnieReam?”Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl.AskingafavorofthePresidentoftheUnitedStateswasnocasualmatter,especiallyforaseventeen-year-oldgirl.“Yes,sir,”shereplied,herdarkeyesmeetinghis.“Iwouldn’thaveduoaskyou,butmyteacher,Mr.Mills,saysIamready.Iplantomakeitinanadmirablemanner.“PresidentLincolnsmiled.“Painters,sculptors-they’vealltriedtomakethebestofthisordinaryface,butI’mafraidthere’snotmuchhope.Whatdidyouhaveinmind,MissReam?Abust(半身像)?”BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofapologyinhisvoice.“Ofcourse-Ishouldn’thaveasked.Afull-lengthposewouldbemuchtoobigaprojectforayoungwomanyoursize.“Vinnie’sfaceturnedred.Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir,”shedefendedherself.“IwasborninthecountryofWisconsin.I’vedriventeamsofhorsesandcarriedwater.Makingafull-lengthclay(粘土)figurewouldnotexhaustmystrength-andthatiswhatIintendtodo!”ThePresident’seyes,brightenedathershowofspirit.“Sorry,madam,IhaveunderestimatedyouasIdidn’tknowyourbackground.”Buthissmilefadedasherubbedhisbeardwithbonyfingers,inthought.“MissReam,”hesighed,“I’dliketoletyoudoit,butasyouknow,weareinthemiddleofawar.HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow?Ihardlyhaveaminutetomyself.”Vinnieglancedaroundandnotedthesizeofhisoffice.“Iworkquickly,”shesaid.Hervoicewassoftbutconfidentasshepointedtothecornernearthewindows.“IfIweretobringmyclayhereandworkforthreehourseveryafternoon,Icouldcompletemostoftheprojectwhileyouareatyourdesk.”ThePresidentseemedtoconsiderherideaseriously.HegotupandshookVinnie’shandwarmly,“I’veheardthatyouareatalentedyoungwoman,andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.Icannotmakemydecisionimmediately,butyouwillhearfrommesoon.”Theverynextday,VinniereceivedaninvitationfromthePresident.41.WhatgaveVinnieconfidencetomakeherrequestofPresidentLincoln?A.Heraggressivepersonality.B.Mr.Mills’sencouragingremark.C.PresidentLincoln’sgentlevoice.D.Herinterestinachallengingjob.42.HowdidPresidentLincolnfirstrespondtoVinnie’srequest?A.Pleased.B.Thrilled.C.Regretful.D.Doubtful.43.Vinnieconfirmedherabilitytomakeafull-lengthstatuebyhighlighting______.A.herexperiencefromotherprojectsB.herinnocentchildhoodinthecountryC.theheavylaborshehaddonebeforeD.theskillshepickedupinWisconsin44.Vinniewantedtochoosethecornernearthewindowsto______.A.achieveeffectsofnaturallightingB.keepallhertoolswithineasyreachC.observethePresidentatarightangleD.avoiddisturbingthepresident’swork45.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Astrong-willedsoulcanreachhisgoal.B.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.C.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.D.Devotionrequiresenthusiasm.Passage4(2019·天津卷3月，B)OneofthemoststressfuldaysofSusanMcFrederick’slifewaswatchinghersongetwheeledawayforsurgeryhoursafterhewasbornin2011.Butaftertheoperation,Susanburstintotearsforadifferentreason:acrossthecutontheirnewbornsonsbackwasasweetwinterscene,hand-drawnonhisbandages（繃帶）.“Therewererollinghillsofsnow,apinetreeandasnowmanwithahatandbroom,sherecalled.Itwasextremelytouchingandcomfortingtoknowthatsomebodyhadtakenthetimetodothatformyfamily.ItwasamomentI'llneverforget.”Susansoonlearnedtheartistwashersonssurgeon,RobertParry,whodiscoveredanotherwaytousehishandsinthemid-1980sduringhisinternship（實習期）atchildren'smedicalcenter.wherehesawoneofhiscolleaguescutoutheartandsharkshapestodecoratechildren’sbandages.“Myfirstreactionwas,'Whatishedoing?Hey,that’skindofneat,’”Parryrecalled.“Iespeciallylikedthereactionsoftheparentsandthepatientswhentheysawhisartwork.Thesmilestookeveryone'sattentionfromthesurgery.ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.”Parryquicklygraduatedfromhisearlyheartsandsharks,andstartedtosurprisefamilieswithdrawingsthatcapturedyoungpatients'personalities.FromSnoopytoSpider-Manandbearstobutterflies,thereisn’tmuchhehasn’tdrawn.Mostkidswantsuperheroessportsteamlogosorprincesses,whilebabiesoftenreceivesceneswithflowerstreesandseacreaturesDuringthelast30years,Parryestimateshehasleftexamplesofhishandiworkoverthestitches（傷口縫線）ofmorethan10,000children.“Duringatimeofstressforfamilies,it'snicetobeabletohelpthemsmileandlaugh,"Parrysaid.ThisissomethingpositivethatIcandoforthem,whichiswhatIlikemostaboutit.”ForParry,therewardisknowinghehopefullymadeadifferenceinachild’slife,andexceptforhisdrawingsonbandages,theycangoonandlivetheirlivesandneverknowIwasinit.”hesaid.He'snotreadytoretire,buthe'sfoundanewhobbytokeephishandsskillfulintheyearstocome.“I'vetakenupknitting（編織）,”Parrysaid.“Hats,sweaters,gloves---Ienjoyitall.Butmostly,Ienjoygivingeverythingaway.”40．Susanburstintotearsafterherbaby'soperationbecauseshewas__________.A．moved B．a(chǎn)musedC．stressed D．heartbroken41．HowdidParrygettheideaofdecoratingchildren'sbandages?A．Hewasmotivatedbyhispatients.B．Hewasinspiredbyhiscolleague.C．Hewasrequiredtolearntheskillduringhisinternship.D．HewasencouragedbySusantoshowhisgeniusforart.42．Parry'sartworksduringthelast30yearsshowthathe__________.A．devotedhimselfmoretoartthantomedicine.B．knewmoreabouthispatientsthantheirparents.C．tookintoconsiderationthetastesofindividualpatients.D．createdalargenumberofworksbeyondhisexpectations.43．WhatdoesParryexpecttoachievewithhisartworks?A．Togetarewardfromtheartisticcircle.B．Towintheadmirationofhiscolleagues.C．Tomakeadifferenceinhisdullmedicalcareer.D．Toliftthespiritsofhispatientsandtheirparents.44．WhatcanwelearnaboutParryfromthelasttwoparagraphsofthepassage?A．Heiseagertoshowothershisnewskills.B．Heenjoystryingnewwaystohelpothers.C．Heislookingforwardtolifeafterretirement.D．Heismoreinterestedinknittingthandrawing.題組二（2019年高考真題）Passage1(2019·全國新課標卷I，B)ForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’s,nervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”nunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent，”Whaleyexplains，“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage，tofeelconfidentenoughtosay，‘Idon’tknow，butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself，andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays，“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”24.WhatmadeChrisnervous？A.Tellingastory. B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest. D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners. C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. C.Caring. D.Demanding.Passage2(2019·全國新課標卷II，B)“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers，thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykidslacrosse(長曲棍球)club.Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon…Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”I’msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere’srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社區(qū))asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,I’mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI’dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?24.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraphl？A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeeling.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.She’llworkforanotherseason.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.27.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesherveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.Passage3(2019·北京卷II，B)AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,"Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit?"Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyand