新gre閱讀邏輯10套

（GRE-RC-Logic-10, TOC\o"1-2"\h\z\u 提 練習 練習 練習 練習 練習 練習 練習 練習 練習 練習 答 GRE考試(Computer-based)VerbalSection1-2道邏輯單題，兩個section共有2-3道題，內(nèi)容主要是非學術(shù)類的社會生活話題。邏輯單題的文章長度通常在40-80字，題GREGMATLSAT考試我們編選了95-99年老GRE的邏輯單題作為新GRE邏輯單題的訓練材料。本材料共匯集10個練習，每個練習11-15道題不等。每道題最好控制在1-1.5分鐘完成。建議第一遍時一定卡時間練習。所有10個練習共計132道邏輯單題，數(shù)量已經(jīng)足夠；反復訓練這些題目，應對新GRE邏輯單題應該沒有困難。建議進行循環(huán)訓練：每個練習的所有題目做3-4練習8、9、10的題目已經(jīng)分散放在“新GRE閱讀理解36套（GRE-RC-36.2014.01）”中，在訓練邏輯題時可先不做，以避免在閱讀36套的模擬訓練中失去真實感。歡迎同學和朋友們以各種方式對本材料提出改善的建議 Althoughenrollmentintheregion'shighschoolhasbeendecreasingforseveralyears,enrollmentattheelementaryschoolhasgrownconsiderably.Therefore,theregionalschoolboardproposesbuildinganewelementaryschool.highschoolclassroomstemporarilyintoWhichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstosupportQuintero'salternativeproposal?Someroomsatthehighschoolcannotbecon-vertedintoroomssuitablefortheuseofele-mentaryschoolstudents.Thecostofbuildingahighschoolishigherthanthecostofbuildinganelementaryschool.Althoughthebirthratehasnotincreased,thenumberoffamiliessendingtheirchildrentoAhighschoolatmospherecouldjeopardizetheEvenbeforetheregion'shighschoolpopulationbegantodecrease,severalhighschoolclass-roomsrarelyneededtobeused.

MorethaneverbeforeinRisland,collegegraduateswithsciencedegreesareacceptingpermanentjobsinotherfields.ThatjustgoestoshowthatscientistsinRislandarenotbeingpaidenough. No,itdoesnot.ThesegraduatesarenotworkinginscienceforthesimplereasonthattherearenotenoughjobsinscienceinRislandtoemployallofthesegraduates.Whichofthefollowing,iftrueinRisland,wouldmostunderminethereasoninginPeter'sargument?Thecollegegraduateswithsciencedegreeswhoarenotworkinginsciencearecurrentlyearninglowersalariesthantheywouldearnasscientists.Fewercollegestudentsthaneverbeforearereceivingdegreesinscience.Thenumberofjobsinsciencehassteadilyriseninthelastdecade.Asignificantnumberofcollegegraduateswithsciencedegreesworkedatlow-payingjobswhiletheywereincollege.EveryyearsomerecentcollegegraduateswithsciencedegreesacceptpermanentjobsinnonscientificlishesalistofUnitedStatescolleges,rankingthemaccordingtoanoverallnumericalscorethatisacompositeofratingsaccordingtosev-eralcriteria.However,theoverallscoresgen-erallyshouldnotbeusedbystudentsasthebasisfordecidingtowhichcollegestoapply.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstojustifythecounselor's Thevastmajorityofpeoplewhopurchasethemagazineinwhichthelistappearsarenotcollege-boundstudents.listusethisfactinadvertisementsaimedatattractingstudents.Therankingsseldomchangefromoneyeartothenext.Thesignificancethatparticularcriteriahaveforthestudents'differingneeds.schoolsconsideredthemagazine'srankingsbeforedecidingwhichcollegetoattend.

AthoroughsearchofEdgarAllanPoe'scorrespon-dencehasturnedupnotasingleletterinwhichheofthisevidenceitissafetosaythatPoe'sreputationforhavingbeenamorphineaddictisundeservedandthatreportsofhissupposedaddictionareuntrue.WhichofthefollowingisassumedbytheargumentReportsclaimingthatPoewasaddictedtomor-phinedidnotbegintocirculateuntilafterhisNoneofthereportsofPoe'ssupposedmorphineallyknewPoe. efromwritingwouldnothavebeensufficienttosupportamorphineaddiction.Poewouldhavebeenunabletocarryonaninfluenceofmorphine.Fearoftheconsequenceswouldnothavepre-ventedPoefromindicatinginhiscorrespon-dencethathewasaddictedtomorphine.Adelle:Thegovernment'sprogramtoreducetheunemploymentrateintheprovinceofCarthenabyencouragingjobcreationhasfailed,sincetheratetherehasnotchangedappreciablysincetheprogrambeganayearago.Fran:ButtheunemploymentrateinCarthenahadbeenrisingforthreeyearsbeforetheprogrambegan,sotheprogramishelping.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststronglycountersFran'sobjectiontoAdelle'sargument?Thegovernmentisadvisedbyexperteconomists,someofwhomspecializeinemploymentissues.TheunemploymentrateintheprovinceofCarthenahashistoricallybeenhigherthanthatofthecountryasaThecurrentgovernmentwaselectedbyawidemargin,becauseofitspromisestoreducetheunemploymentrateinCarthena.Aroundthetimethegovernmentprogrambegan,largenumbersofunemployedCarthenaresidentsbeganleavingtheprovincetolookforworkelsewhere.TheunemploymentrateinCarthenahadbeenrelativelystableuntilshortlybeforethecurrentgovernmenttookoffice.SoftDrinkManufacturer：Ournewchildren'ssoftdrink,RipeCal,isfortifiedwithcalcium.Sincecalciumisessentialfordevelopinghealthybones,drinkingRipeCalregularlywillhelpmakechildrenhealthy.amountsofsugar,andregularlyconsuminglargeamountsofsugarisunhealthful,especiallyforchildren.Inrespondingtothesoftdrinkmanufacturer,theconsumeradvocatedoeswhichofthefollowing？(A)Challengesthemanufacturer'sclaimabout(B)Arguesthattheevidencecitedbythemanufac-turer,whenproperlyconsidered,leadstoaconclusionoppositetothatreachedbytheImpliesthatthemanufacturerofaproductisofthatproduct.Questionswhetherasubstancethatishealthfulwheneateninmoderationcanbeunhealthfulwheneateninexcessiveamounts.Presentsadditionalfactsthatcallintoquestiontheconclusiondrawnbythemanufacturer.

smalllightstothebacksofwetas—flightlessinsectsnativetoNewZealand—enablingresearchersfortheinsects'nighttimeactivities.Thus,sincewetasforageonlyatnight,theresearchers'observationswillsignificantlyimproveknowledgeofthenormalforaginghabitsofwetas.Whichofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentdepends？Researcherswereinterestedonlyinobservingtrackofothertypesofbehavior.Nopatternofbehaviorthatisexhibitedbywetasduringthedaytime.Attachingthesmalllightstothewetas'backsdidnotgreatlyalterthewetas'normalnight-timeforaginghabits.Wetastypicallyforagemorefrequentlyduringthemonthsinwhichtheresearchersstudiedthemthantheydoatothertimes.TheresearchersdidnotuseotherobservationalsmalllightstotrackthenighttimebehaviorofPeoplewhosebodiescannotproducethesubstanceParkinson'sdisease,adiseasethataffectsthebrain,developmentofParkinson'sdisease.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststronglysupportstheargument？ItwillsoonbepossibleforcytochromeP450tobesynthesizedforthetreatmentofpeoplewhosebodiescannotproducethissubstance.ManypeoplewhosebodiesareunabletoproducecytochromeP450lacktheabilitytoproducecertainothersubstancesaswell.CytochromeP450hasnoeffectonthebrainotherthantoprotectitfromtoxicchemicals.PeoplewithParkinson'sdiseaseoftenexhibitatomswhentheyaretreatedwithdopamine,achemicalproducednaturallyinthebrain.ManypeoplewithParkinson'sdiseasehavethe

Theearlyuniversecontainedonlythelightestelements,hydrogenandhelium.Heavierelements,suchascarbon,formonlyinnuclearreactionsinstarsandaredispersedwhenthestarsexplode.Arecentlydiscoveredgascloudcontainedcarbonseveralbillionyearsago,whentheuniversewasnomorethantwobillionyearsold.Ifthestatementsabovearetrue,whichofthefollowingmust,onthebasisofthem,alsobetrue？TheearlieststarscontainedonlySomestarswereformedbeforetheuniversewastwobillionyearsold.Thecarboninthegascloudlaterformedpartofsomestars.NostarsidentifiedtodateareasoldasthegasThegascloudalsocontainedhydrogenandSleepdeprivationisaknowncauseofworkplaceerror,andmanyphysiciansfrequentlygowithoutofthesephysicianshave,inthecourseofaroutineexaminationbyapeer,beendiagnosedwithsleepdeprivation.Sothereislittlecauseforconcernthathabitualsleepdeprivationwillcausewidespreadphysicianerror.Theanswertowhichofthefollowingquestionswouldbemosthelpfulinevaluatingtheargument？(A)Dophysicianswhohavebeendiagnosedwithrelatedtosleepdeprivation？Istheabilitytorecognizethesymptomsofsleephabitualsleepdeprivation？Dofactorsotherthanhabitualsleepdeprivationofphysicians？OfpeoplewhohaverecentlybeentreatedbyIstheincidenceofsleepdeprivationhighercareworkers？

AlistofthefifteenoperasmostfrequentlyperformedrelativeinfrequencyofperformanceprobablydoesWagner'soperasarenotoriouslyexpensivetoperformonstage.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststronglysupportstheconclusionoftheargumentabove？(A)Thelistofmostfrequentlyperformeddoesnotincludeoperasproducedbysmallamateurgroups.Someoperacompaniesarebackedbypatronswhoarewillingtocommitlargesumsofmoneyinordertoenjoylavishproductions.Allofthefifteenmostfrequentlyperformedoperasofrecenttimesareworksthathavebeenpopularforatleast75years.Morerecordingshavebeenproducedrecentlyofothercomposerofopera.Operaticworksofallkindshavebeenincreasinginpopularityinrecentyears.Thebodiesofdwarfindividualsofmammalianspeciesaregenerallysmallerinrelationtothoseofnondwarfindividualsthanaretheteethofthedwarfindividualsinrelationtothoseofthenondwarfindi-viduals.Fragmentaryskeletalremainsofanadultarethree-fourthsthesizeoftheteethofanaverageadultnondwarfwoollymammoth.Thestatementsabove,iftrue,moststronglysupportwhichofthefollowing？Thebodyofthedwarfwoollymammothwaslessthanthree-fourthsthesizeofthebodyofanaverageadultnondwarfwoollymammoth.Noneoftheteethofthedwarfwoollymammoththatwererecentlydiscoveredwasaslargeasanyoftheteethofnondwarfwoollymammothsthathavebeendiscovered.Theteethofmostadultdwarfindividualsoftheteethoftheadultnondwarfindividualsofthesamespecies.Dwarfwoollymammothshadthesamenumberofteethasdidnondwarfwoollymammoths.Dwarfindividualsofmostmammalianspeciesaregenerallynomorethanthree-fourthsthe

Excludingpurchasesbybusinesses,theaverageamountspentonafactory-newcarhasrisen30per-centinthelastfiveyears.Intheaveragehouseholdbudget,theproportionspentoncarpurchaseshasremainedunchangedinthatperiod.Thereforetheaveragehouseholdbudgetmusthaveincreasedby30percentoverthelastfiveyears.Whichofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentrelies？Theaveragenumberoffactory-newcarspur-overthelastfiveyears.Theaverageamountspentpercarbybusinessesthelastfiveyears.Theproportionoftheaveragehouseholdbudgetunchangedoverthelastfiveyears.Theproportionoftheaveragehouseholdbudgetspentonfoodandhousinghasremainedunchangedoverthelastfiveyears.Thetotalamountspentnationwideonfactory-lastfiveyears.gaveitsemployees2.5paidvacationdaysaftereach700hoursworked.Armtech'snewpolicyistogiveitsemployees5.0paidvacationdaysaftereach1,200hoursworked.Therefore,thisnewpolicyismoregeneroustoArmtechemployeesingivingthemmoreWhichofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentdepends？MostcurrentArmtechemployeesapproveofAfewArmtechemployeesleavethecompanybeforehavingworked700hours.MostArmtechemployeeswerenotawarethatthecompanyplannedtochangeitsvacationpolicyuntilafterithadalreadydoneso.AsignificantportionofArmtechemployeesstaywiththecompanylongenoughtoworkfor1,200hours.Armtech'snewvacationpolicycloselymatchesthevacationpoliciesofcompetingtemporaryemploymentagencies.

TheglobalpopulationoffrogshasdeclinedinrecenttheEarthhasincreased.Sincethegeneticmaterialinfrogeggsisharmedwhenexposedtoultravioletradi-ation,andsincetheeggsthemselvesarenotprotectedbyshellsorleatherycoveringsbutaregelatinous,thefrogpopulationdeclineisprobablydue,atleastinpart,totheultravioletradiationincrease.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,providesthestrongestsupportfortheargument？Eveninthoseregionswheretherehasbeennoasmallproportionofthefrogeggsthatarelaideverhatch.Inareaswheretherehasbeentheleastdeclineinfrogpopulations,populationsofspeciesofinsectsthatfrogseathavedecreased.Theeggsoffrogspecieswhosepopulationsaredecliningtendtohavehigherconcentrationsofdamagingpesticidesthandotheeggsoffrogspecieswhosepopulationshavenotdeclined.Inmanyplaceswhereturtles,whichlayeggswithtough,leatherycoverings,sharehabitatsPopulationsoffrogspeciesthathidetheireggsbeneathrocksorundersandhavedeclinedconsiderablylessthanhavepopulationsoffrogspeciesthatdonotcovertheireggs.Toimproveproductivity,manufacturingcompanieshaverecentlybegunrestructuringworktoproducemoregoodswithfewerassembly-lineworkers,andthecompanieshavelaidoffmanyworkersasaconsequence.Theworkerslaidoffhavebeenthosewiththeleastseniority(timeonthejob),generallytheyoungerworkers.Thestatementsabove,iftrue,moststronglysupportwhichofthefollowingasaconclusion？Theproductsmanufacturedbythecompaniesarenotundergoingdesignchangeswhilethemanufacturingjobsarebeingrestructured.Whenassembly-lineworkershavemadesug-gestionsforimprovementsinmanufacturingprocesses,somesuggestionshavebeenimplemented,butmanyhavenot.Assembly-lineworkersnowneedincreasedreadingandmathematicalskillstodotheirSomeoftheinnovationsinassembly-lineprocessesandproceduresthatweremadetoincreaseproductivityhaveinsteadprovedtobeThemanufacturingcompaniesareincreasingtheaverageageoftheirassembly-lineworkforcewhilestillseekingtoincreaseproduction.

Duringthenineteenthcentury,Britain'surbanpopu-lationincreasedasitsruralpopulationdiminished.Ahistoriantheorizesthat,ratherthanindustrialization'sbeingthecause,thischangeresultedfromaseriesofmigrationstourbanareas,eachoccasionedbyaesis,thehistorianwillcompareeconomicdatawithpopulationcensusdata.Thehistorian'shypothesiswouldbemoststronglysupportedifwhichofthefollowingwerefoundtobeTheperiodsofgreatestgrowthintheindustrialeconomywereassociatedwitharelativelyrapiddeclineintheruralpopulation.Theperiodsofgreatestweaknessintheagrarianeconomywereassociatedwithrelativelyslowgrowthinthepopulationasawhole.Periodswhentheagrarianeconomywascompar-ativelystrongandtheindustrialeconomycom-parativelyweakwereassociatedwithaparticu-larlyrapiddeclineintheruralpopulation.Periodswhentheagrarianandindustrialecono-mieswerebothstrongwereassociatedwithparticularlyrapidgrowthintheurbanpopula-Theperiodsofgreateststrengthintheagrarianeconomywereassociatedwithrelativelyslowgrowthintheurbanpopulation.Politician：Eachyear,smallbusinessescreatemorejobsthandolargeestablishedbusinesses.Therefore,inordertoreduceunemploymentinthelongterm,weshouldprovideincentivesforstartingsmallbusinessesratherthanforexpandingestablishedlargebusinesses.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,caststhemostdoubtonthepolitician'sargument？Ingeneral,peopleemployedbysmallbusinessesreporthigherjobsatisfactionthandopeopleemployedbylargebusinesses.Amongthecurrentlyunemployedaremanypeoplewithsufficientjobskillstoperformthejobsthatsmallbusinesseswouldcreate.Providinganeffectiveincentiveforstartingabusinessgenerallycostssignificantlylessthanprovidinganeffectiveincentiveforexpandingalargebusiness.Ahighproportionofsmallbusinessesfailwithinthreeyearsofstartingbecauseoftheirowners'Theaveragelargebusinesscontributesmoremoneytopoliticians’campaignfundsthantheaveragesmallbusinessdoes.

Intheworkplace,influenzaistypicallyspreadbyinfectedindividualstootherswithwhomtheyworkinclosequarters.Anewmedicationthatsuppressesthesymptomsofinfluenzathereforewillactuallyincreasethenumberofinfluenzacases,becausethismedicationwillallowpeoplewhowouldotherwisebehomeinbedtoreturntoworkwhileinfected.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslychal-lengestheprediction？Coughing,asymptomofinfluenzathatthenewmedicationsuppresses,isaprimarymechanisminthespreadofthisillness.Somemedicationsthatareusedtosuppresssymptomsofinfluenzaarealsousedbymanypeopletotreatsymptomsthatarecausednotbyinfluenzabutbyotherillnesses.Manyworkerswhonowremainathomewheninfectedwithinfluenzadosobecausethesymptomsofinfluenzapreventthemfromper-formingtheirjobseffectively.Mostadultswhoareimmunizedagainstinflu-enzainordertoavoidbeinginfectedareover65yearsoldandretiredandthusdonotworkoutsidethehome.Symptomsofanillnessareoftenthebody'smeansofcuringitselfoftheillness,andthere-foresuppressionofsymptomscanprolongtheillnessthatcausesthem.Criticsofnuclearpowercomplainabouttheallegedlyofexistingnuclearpowerplants.Butsuchconcernsdohascausednomoreharmthanthatcausedbypollutiongeneratedbycoal-andoil-burningpowerplants,themostimportantothersourcesofenergy.

Whichofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentdepends？ifitcanbeconclusivelydemonstratedthattheirpowerplants.Theharmthathasresultedfromoperationofexistingcoal-andoil-burningpowerplantshasbeensignificant.TheharmthatanuclearpowerplantislikelytocauseasitcontinuestooperatecanbereliablyTheonlyharmthathasresultedfromoperationofexistingcoal-andoil-burningpowerplantshasresultedfromthepollutiongeneratedbytheseDrugmanufacturer:Althoughourcompanyrequiresthatpatientswhouseournewdrugalsopur-chasefromusnonreusablekitsforweeklybloodtesting,theexpenseofthosekitsisanentirelynecessaryone:weeklybloodtestingmustbedonetomonitorthedrug'spotentialsideeffects,whichcanbeverydangerous.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweak-ensthemanufacturer'sargument?Theexpenseofpurchasingtheblood-testkitshasnotpreventedanypatientsfromobtainingthemorthedrug.Medicallaboratoriescanperformthebloodtest-ingatalowercosttopatientsortheirinsurersthanthepricethemanufacturerchargesfortheAone-yearsupplyofthedrugandtheweeklyblood-testkitscancostpatientsortheirinsurersover$10,000.Mostgovernmentandotherhealthinsuranceprogramswillnotreimbursepatientsforthefullcostofboththedrugandtheblood-testPatientswhosufferoneormoreofthedanger-oussideeffectsofthedrugcanincurheavyexpensesforthetreatmentofthosesideeffects.

VirginiaandherbrotherWilliamdisagreeoverwhentheirfatherwasborn:Virginiaclaimsitwasin1935andWilliamclaimsitwasin1933.Thehospitalwheretheirfatherwasbornhasnorecordsfor1933buthascompleterecordsfor1935—recordsthatdonotincludeabirthrecordfortheirfather.Therefore,hemusthavebeenbornin1933.TheargumentdependsonwhichofthefollowingEitherVirginia'sclaimorWilliam'sclaimisTherecordsofthehospitalwheretheirfatherwasborndatebackto1933.VirginiaandWilliamknowthedayandthemonthoftheirfather'sbirth.ThereareurgentpracticalreasonswhyVirginiaandWilliammustknowthedateoftheirfather'sbirth.NoneoftheirotherrelativesknowstheyearinwhichVirginiaandWilliam'sfatherwasborn.10ThetownofSanLeonardohasrecentlyenactedalawbanningsmokinginallrestaurantswithintownlimits.SincemanysmokerswhonormallydineinSanLeonardo'srestaurantswillnotwanttorefrainfromsmokingduringtheirmeals,SanLeonardo'srestau-rantswillundoubtedlylosemanypatronsandcon- Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstostrengthentheargumentabove?MostresidentsofSanLeonardowhoeatinres-taurantsarenotsmokers.Mostsmokerswhodineinthecompanyofnon-smokersarewillingtorefrainfromsmokingduringtheirmeals.Ifthelawbanningsmokinginrestaurantshadnotbeenenacted,itislikelythatamorestringentlawbanningsmokinginallpublicplacesinSanLeonardowouldhavebeenenactedinstead.PriortotheenactmentofthelawbanningsmokinginSanLeonardo'srestaurant,thetownhadalawthatrequiredmostrestaurantstohavenonsmokingsections.NoneoftheothercommunitiesadjacenttoSanLeonardo,whichhaverestaurantscomparabletothoseofSanLeonardo,hasenactedandenforcesanyantismokinglegislation.

ChildrenwhosebiologicalparentsbothhaveTicSyndromeZ(TSZ),whichischaracterizedbytheinvoluntarycontractionofcertainmuscles,areaboutfourtimesmorelikelytodevelopsuchcontractionsthanarechildrenwhosebiologicalparentsdonothaveTSZ,Itislikely,therefore,thatpredispositiontoTSZisaninheritedtrait.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheconclusionabove?ChildrenwhoseparentshaveTSZarelikelytodevelopTSZiftheyareunderunusualstressatschoolorathomethaniftheyarenotundersuchstress.ChildrenwhosebiologicalparentsdonothaveTSZaremorelikelytodevelopTSZiftheyareraisedbyadoptiveparentswithTSZthaniftheyareraisedbytheirbiologicalparents.ChildrenwhosebiologicalparentshaveTSZareaslikelytodevelopTSZiftheyareraisedbyadoptiveparentswhodonothaveTSZasiftheyareraisedbytheirbiologicalparents.ChildrenwhosebiologicalparentshaveTSZandwhodevelopTSZusuallyavoiddevelopingasevereformofthesyndromeiftheyseektreatmentforTSZshortlyafterdevelopingthefirstsignsofit.ChildrenwithTSZwhosebiologicalparentsdonothaveTSZarelesslikelytohavethesyn-dromediagnosedwhensymptomsfirstappearthanarechildrenwithTSZwhosebiologicalparentshaveTSZ.Playingeighteenth-centurymusicontheinstrumentsofthatperiodprovidesvaluableinformationabouthowthemusicoriginallysounded.Eighteenth-centuryinstrumentscannotbeplayedwithoutbeingrestored,however,andrestoringsuchaninstrumentdestroysalloftheinformationthatresearcherscouldobtainfromit

Ifthestatementsabovearetrue,whichofthefollowingmustbetrueonthebasisofthem?Eighteenth-centuryinstrumentscannotbeusedtoprovideinformationabouttheoriginaltechniquesusedinplayingsuchinstrumentsiftheyhavebeenrestored.Eighteenth-centuryinstrumentsthathavebeenrestoredcanprovideinformationonlyabouthoweighteenth-centurymusicoriginallysoundedEighteenth-centuryinstrumentsaretheonlysourceofinformationabouttheinstrument-makingtechniquesofthatperiod.Aneighteenth-centuryinstrumentthathasnotbeenrestoredcanprovidemoreinformationthancanonethathasbeenrestored.Aneighteenth-centuryinstrumentcannotserveasasourceofnewinformationabouteighteenth-centuryinstrument-makingtechniquesonceitcanbeplayed1.AnewandmoreaggressiveformofthefungusthatcausedtheIrishpotatofamineofthenineteenthcenturyhasrecentlyarisen.However,sincethisnewformofthefunguscanbekilledbyincreasedapplicationofcurrentlyusedfungicides,itisunlikelythatthefunguswillcausewidespreadfoodshortagesincountriesthatcurrentlyrelyonpotatoesforsustenance.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostcallsintoquestiontheconclusionintheargumentabove?Thoughpotatoesareanimportantstaplecropinmanypartsoftheworld,peopleinmostcountriesrelyprimarilyonwheatorriceforsustenance.Potatofarmersinmanycountriestowhichthenewformofthefungushasspreadcannotaffordtoincreasetheirspendingonfungicides.Thenewformofthefungusfirstbegantospreadwhencontaminatedpotatoseedswereinadvertentlyexportedfromamajorpotato-exportingcountry.Potatofarmersinmostcountriesuseseveralinsecticidesontheircropsinadditiontofungicidesofthesortthatkillthenewformofthefungus.Mostgovernmentshavefundssetasidethatcanbeusedtoalleviatetheeffectsoflarge-scaledisasterssuchasseverefoodshortagesandfloods.

Asgovernmentagencies,facedwithbudgetdifficul-ties,reducetheirfundingforscientificresearch,agreateramountofsuchresearchisbeingfundedbyprivatefoundations.Thisshiftmeansthatresearchprojectslikelytoproducecontroversialresultswillalmostcertainlycompriseasmallerproportionofallfundedresearchprojects,sinceprivatefoundations,concernedabouttheirpublicimage,tendtoavoidWhichofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentdepends?Onlyresearchthatisconductedwithoutconcernforthepossibilityofgeneratingcontroversyislikelytoproducescientificallyvalidresults.PrivatefoundationsthatfundscientificresearchprojectsusuallyrecognizethatcontroversialresultsfromthoseprojectscannotalwaysbeScientistswhoconductresearchprojectsfundedbyprivatefoundationsareunlikelytoallowtheconcernsofthefundingorganizationstoinflu-encethemannerinwhichtheyconducttheManygovernmentagenciesaremoreconcernedabouttheirpublicimagethanaremostprivateGovernmentagenciesaremorewillingthanareprivatefoundationstofundresearchprojectsthatarelikelytoproducecontroversialresults.Juriesincriminaltrialsdonotbaseverdictsonuncor-roboratedtestimonygivenbyanyonewitness.Rightlyso,becauseitisusuallyprudenttobehighlyskepticalofunsubstantiatedclaimsmadebyanyoneperson.Butthen,tobeconsistent,juriesshouldendanall-too-commonpractice:convictingdefendantsonthebasisofanuncorroboratedfullconfession.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststrengthenstheargumentabove?Juriesoftenacquitincasesinwhichadefendantretractsafullconfessionmadebeforetrial.Theprocessofjuryselectionisdesignedtoscreenoutpeoplewhohaveafirmopinionaboutthedefendant'sguiltinadvanceofthetrial.theydidinfactdowhattheyareaccusedofdoingandhavecometobelievethattheprose-cutorhascompellingproofofthis.Highlysuggestiblepeoplewhoareaccusedofwrongdoingsometimes esounsureoftheirownrecollectionofthepastthattheycancometoaccepttheaccusationsmadeagainstManypeoplebelievethatjuriesshouldnotcon-victdefendantswhohavenotmadeafullcon-

Althoughspinachisrichincalcium,italsocontainslargeamountsofoxalicacid,asubstancethatgreatlyimpedescalciumabsorptionbythebody.Therefore,othercalcium-containingfoodsmustbeeateneitherinsteadoforinadditiontospinachifapersonistobesureofgettingenoughcalcium.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheargu-mentabove?Rice,whichdoesnotcontaincalcium,counteractstheeffectsofoxalicacidoncalciumabsorption.Dairyproducts,whichcontainevenmorecalciumthanspinachdoes,areofteneatenbypeoplewhoeatspinachonaregularbasis.Neitherthecalciumnortheoxalicacidinspinachisdestroyedwhenspinachiscooked.Manyleafygreenvegetablesotherthanspinachthatarerichincalciumalsocontainhighconcentrationsofoxalicacid.Oxalicacidhaslittleeffectonthebody'sabilitytoabsorbnutrientsotherthancalcium. Threeyearsagothetrafficcommissionmodifiedourtown'sbusiestintersectionforbettervisibility,acommendableefforttocutdownontrafficaccidentsthere. Overthepastthreeyearstherehavebeenmore,notfewer,trafficaccidentsperweekatthatintersection,sothemodificationhasincreasedthelikelihoodofaccidentsthereTheanswertowhichofthefollowingquestionswouldbemostusefulinevaluatingGary'sargument?Whatproportionofthetown'sdriversinvolvedinaccidentsthatoccurredpriortothemodificat