2019年市高三一模英語(yǔ)考試試卷答案

2019年市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)高三一模英語(yǔ)試第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分閱讀下列短根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，AJohnCarterwasrescuedfromtheseanearhisholidayhomeyesterday.Theaccidenthappenedwhilehe(1) (walk)alongasteepcliffattheedgeofthesea.Hewasblownoffbyastrongwindand(2) (fall)intothesea,30metersbelow.Luckily,awomansawhimintheseasoonafterwardsandshecalledtherescueservice.Mr.Carterwastakentohospitalwitha(3) (break)arm.“I’mveryluckytobealive,”hesaid.“Ican’tthankthewomanenough.”BManyelephantscanpaint.Infact,elephantsinzoossometimesdrawontheground(4) astick.Seeingthis,sometrainersteachtheelephants(5)theycanholdpaintbrushes,andencouragethemtochoosecolorsandpaint.Ofcourse,noteverypaintingisgood.Justlikehumans,onlysomeelephantsareverycreative.Now,anonlinegallerysellspaintingsbytheseelephantartists.Byngthis,thegalleryhopestoearnmoney(6) (protect)elephants.CGoldenGateParkisinSanFrancisco,California.Itisoneofthelargesturban(7)(park)intheUnitedStates.Overonemillioncolorfulflowers,treesandplantsgrowinthepark.Butoriginallymostofthepark (cover)inAfteralotofwork,itwasfinallybuiltin1870.Today,therearemanypeople(visit)theparkeveryday.Theyplaybasketball,soccer,golfandmanyothersportsthere.Theparkisclosedinmanyplacestotrafficsopeoplecanwalk,cycle,orskate 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、DAGameofLightandItwasasunnyday.Ihadgoneupanddownthetowerwhen,outsidethedooratthefoot,ablindmancametowardme.Inamoment,hedisappearedupthestairs.Ilookedatthesignthatsaid“TotheTower”,anddecidedto (11)him.Icaughtupwithhimintheticketoffice.ThereIwas (12)toseetheattendant()sellinghimaticketasifhewereanyothervisitor.Then,withtheticketinonehandand (13)thewallwiththefingersoftheother,theblindmanreachedthestairs (14)tothehallway.“Thatmanisblind.Whatwouldablindmanclimbupthetowerfor?”Isaidtotheattendant,expectinghimtoshowsome (15),buthedidn’tanswer.“Not (16)certainly,”Isaid.“Perhapshewants Iboughtaticket (18)upthestairs.Themanhadn’tgoneasfaras(19).Athirdofthewayupthetower,Iheard (20).Islowedandfollowedhimatalittle (21).Hestoppedfromtimetotime.Whenhegottothebalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)),Iwasadozensteps (22).AsIreachedit,Isawhimatthecornerofthetower.Atlast,aftertenminutes,I (23)him.“Excuseme,”IsaidaspoliyasIcould,“butIamcurioustoknow (24)youcameup.”Hesd.“Comingupthestairs,youwillnoticehownotjustlightbut(25)intothetowerthroughthenarrowwindowshereandthere,sothatyoucanfeel (26)thecoolstairs equitewarmandhowupbehindthewallthereis (27),butassoonasgoingoppositeawindowyoucanfindthesun.Thereisno (28)sogoodasthisforfeelingthedifferencebetweenlightandshade.ItisnotthefirsttimeI’vecomeup.”Theblindmanseemedquite (29),justlikeachildwhowasenjoyinghisfavoritegames.Hetoldmethetruththatblindmencsofindthebeautyinlife(30)theycannotenjoythesightsofthe11.A.B.C.D.12.A.B.C.D.13.A.B.C.D.14.A.B.C.D.15.A.B.C.D.16.A.B.C.D.17.A.B.C.D.18.A.B.C.D.19.A.B.C.D.20.A.B.C.D.21.A.B.C.D.22.A.B.C.D.23.A.B.C.D.24.A.B.C.D.25.A.B.C.D.26.A.B.C.D.27.A.B.C.D.28.A.B.C.D.29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.C.D.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡AGetInvolved!MakeaSowhatisImagineournaturalhomesgrowinginsteadofshrinking.Imaginespecies(物種)diversifyinginsteadofdeclining.That’srewilding.Rewildingisecologicalrestoration.Rewardingoffershopeforwildlife,humansandtheWhyisrewildingimportantandOurnaturalecologyisbroken.Theplaceswhereyouwouldexpectwildlifetoexisthavebeenreducedtowetdeserts.TheseabedhasbeendestroyedandtherehavebeennolivingcreaturesanyOurwildlifeisdisappearing.Manywonderfulspecieshavedeclinedoverthepastcentury.We’velostmoreofourlargeanimalsthananyEuropeancountry.WeneedkeystonespeciesThesevitalspecieincludingtoppredators食肉動(dòng)物),driveecologicalprocesses.Theirlosshasworsenedourlivingsystems.Naturelooksafterus.Goodnaturalecologycanprovideuswithcleanairandwater,preventfloodingandstorecarbon.RewildingcanleavetheworldinabetterstatethanitisWhatareAsalong-termproject,our“rewildingbritain”hasitschallenges.Manypeoplenotinterested,becausewehavegotusedtothelackofnativeforests.Manyfarmersopposetheidea.Theythoughtitacrazyideatobringbackpredatorsbecausetheywouldstartkillingfarmanimals.Ittakestimetoeducatethem.Aboveall,weneedmoney!Soweneedyourhelp!MakeaHelpusbringbacklivingsystemsandrestorewildnature!Withyourhelpwecan…OpenupnewchancesforrewildingandpushforDeveloptoolstoeducate,influenceandspreadtheword.Thanksforyoursupport.Whichofthefollowingistheresultof eAlotofanimalsEnvironmentsareNaturaldisastershappenAccordingtothepassage,oneofthechallengesatpresent people’salackofashortageoffarmers’WhatisthemainpurposeoftheTointroduceanewTocallonpeopletogiveTowarnpeopleofthenaturalToconvincepeopletochangetheirBFlyingBarringtonIrvingmadehishistoricflightandfoundedaneducationalnon-profit-makingorganization.Hismessageforkids:“Theonlythingthatseparatesyoufromscientistsisdetermination,hardworkandastronglikingforwhatyouwanttoachieve.”Thesecret,hebelieves,ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.ThemomentofinspirationforIrvingcameatof15inhisparents’bookstore.Onecustomer,aprofessionalpilot,askedIrvingifhe’dthoughtabout ingapilot.“ItoldhimIdidn’tthinkIwassmartenoughbutthenextdayhetookmetothecockpit(駕駛艙)ofthecommercialairplaneheflew,andjustlikethatIwashooked.”Tofollowhisdream,IrvingturneddownafootballscholarshiptotheUniversityFloridaHewashedairplanestoearnmoneyforaflightschoolandincreasedhisflyingskillsbypracticingathomeona$40flightsimulator模擬)gameThenanotherdreamtookholdflyingalonearoundtheworldHefacedmorethan50rejectionsforsponsorshipbeforeconvincingsomecompaniestodonateaircraftcomponents.Hetookoffwithnoweatherradar,node-icingsystem,andjust$30inhispocket.“IliketodothingspeoplesayIcan’tdo.”After97days,26stopsanddozensofthunderstorms,hetoucheddowntoacheeringcrowdinMiami.“Itwasseeingsomanyyoungpeoplewatchingandlisteningthatpushedmeintogivingbackwithmyknowledgeandexperience.”Irvinghasbeenngiteversince.Hesetuphisnon-profit-makingorganization,ExperienceAviation航空),aimingtoincreasethenumbersofyouthinaviationandscience-careers.Kidsattendprogrammesdealingwithhands-onroboticsprojectsandsimulator“Wewanttocreatechancesforstudentsto plishsomethingamazing,”henotes.PerhapsIrving’smostpowerfuleducationaltoolistheexamplehisownlifeprovides.Afterhandinghisrecord-breakingflightatage23,hesaid,“EveryonetoldmeIwastooyoung,thatIdidn’thaveenoughexperience,strength,orknowledge.TheytoldmeitwouldtakeforeverandI’dnevercomehome.Well…guesswhat?”AccordingtoIrving,whatisthemostimportantinachievingMeetingpeoplewhoprovideunexpectedGettingachancetostudytechnicalHavingsomethingspecificthatyouwant DevelocommunicationwithdifferentWhatIrvingrepliedtothepilotinthebookstoresuggested hefeltembarrassedtorefusethehewasdoubtfulabouthisownheknewhiseffortswouldbeherealizedimmediayhowluckyheWhatcanwelearnaboutIrvinginParagraphHechosetoreducehisbudgetaslowasHewasfinallygivenenoughmoneytokeepHegotthemostusefulflyingtipsfromhisHetookonafurtherchallengeafterheknewhowtoIrvingsetuphisnon-profit-makingorganization hehoped eapublicheexpectedtostartabusinessinotherhesawtherewasgreatinterestinwhathe hethoughthecould orethanflightschoolsCTrainingthePeoplewhocan plishunbelievabletasks,suchasmemorizingthousandsofrandomnumbersinunderanhour,statethattheyjusthavenormalbrains.SomememorysuperstarscompeteinOlympic-likeWorldMemoryChampionships.Thesementalathletes,orMAsforshort,canmemorizenamesofdozensofstrangersinafewminutesoranypoemhandedthem.EdCooke,a24-year-oldMA,explainstheyseethemselvesasparticipantsrescuingthelong-lostartofmemorytraining.Thesetechniquesexistednottorecalluselessinformation,buttocutintothebrainbasictextandideas.AstudyinthejournalNatureexaminedeightpeoplewhofinishednearthetopoftheWorldMemoryChampionships.Thescientistsexaminedwhethertheirbrainswerefundamentallydifferentfromeveryoneelse’sorwhethertheyweresimplymakingbetteruseofmemorizingabilitiesweallpossess.TheyputtheMAsandcontrolsubjectsintobrainscannersandhadthemmemorizenumbersandphotographs.Theresultsurprisedeveryone.ThebrainsoftheMAsandthoseofthecontrolsubjectswereindistinguishable.Oneverytest,theMAsscoredinthenormalrange.However,whenthescientistsexaminedwhatpartofthebrainwasusedduringamemoryactivity,theyfoundtheMAsreliedmoreheavilyonareasinthebraininvolvedinspatialmemory.MAsofferanexplanation:anythingcanbefixeduponourmemoriesandkeptinorderbyconstructingabuildingintheimaginationandfillingitwithpicturesofwhatneedstoberecalled.Datingbacktothefifthcentury,thebuildingiscalledamemorypalace.Evenaslateasthefourteenthcentury,whentherewerecopiesofanytext,scholarsneededtorememberwhatwasreadtothem.Readingtorememberadifferenttechniquethanspeedreading.Ifsomethingismadememorable,ithastoberepeated.Untilrelativelyrecently,peoplereadonlyafewbooksintensively(細(xì)致地againandagainusuallyaloudTodaywereadextensivelyusuallyonlyonceandwithoutcontinuousSothegreatdifferenceistheabilitytocreateimpressivepicturesinmindandtotquickly.Usingmemorypalaces,MAscreatememorizedpictures.Forexample,binethepicturestoformunforgettablescenessuchasthewaysthroughatown.Onecompetitorusedhisownbodypartstohelphimmemorizea57,000-wordAnyonewhowishestotrainthemindneedsfirsttocreatefantasticalpalacesintheimagination.Thentheyshouldcuteachbuildingintocubbyholesformemories.Inashortamountoftime,theywillnoticeimprovementwithrememberingthings.Tokeeptheskillsharp,MAsdeliberayemptytheirpalacesaftercompetitions,sotheycanreusethemandthey mendthatbeginnersdothesame.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatamental ownsabrainthatislargerinshowsagiftinmentalabilityusesthememorizingtechniquedependslessontheareasthatcontrolspatialWhydoestheauthormention“speedreading”inParagraphTodiscussthememorizingtechniqueinthefifthTogivethereasonwhypeoplereadonlyafewbooksToexplainthetextfourteenthcenturyscholarshadtoTocomparethetypeofreadingnowadayswiththatofearlierWhatcanbeinferredfromParagraphThereisavarietyofunforgettableMemorypalacescanbequicklyImpressivepicturesareinactual probablyhas57,000bodyWhatdoestheunderlinedword“cubbyholes”inthelastparagraphprobablySmallBlacksTechnicalDifferentDEarlyorLaterDayManyyoungparentsareconfusedaboutwhethertheirchildrenshouldhaveearlydaycare,andtherehavealwaysbeendifferentviewsonthissubject.TheBritishpsycho ystJohnBowlbybelievesthatseparationfromparentsduringthesensitive“attaent”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’salityandleadtopsychologicalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforethreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitcauses,andmanypeopledobelievethis.AccordingtoBowlby,agreatdealofpsychologicalharmcanoccurwhenyoungchildrenareseparatedfromtheirparents.Iftheyareleftwithouttouchforawhile,theywillhaveahigherstresslevel.Parents’influenceontheirchildren’swell-beingmayneverbegreaterthanduringtheearliestyearsoflife,whenachild’sbrainisdevelorapidlyandwhennearlyallofherorhisexperiencesareshapedbyparentsandthefamilyenvironment.However,therearecritics.Someanthropologists(人類學(xué)家)pointoutthattheaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Therehasbeenalonghistoryofthefactthatfatherandmotherdidnotbringuptheirchildrenalone.Plato,around394B.C.,arguedthatasystemofearlychildcarewouldfreewomentoparticipateinsociety.ResultsfromIsraeliandDutchstudiesshowthatchild-raisingdutiesaremoreevenlydistributedamongabroadergroupofpeople.Besides,studieshavereportedthatearlydaycarehasaneutralorslightlyeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.Theylearnthebenefitsofbeingsociallysmart,understandingtheconceptofsharingandcaring.Theypromoteconcentrationskills,whichisveryimportantintheirlearning.Therearegameswherechildrenaretaughtbasiclanguageandmathematicalskillsthroughstoriesandeverydayexamples.Commonsenselsusthatearlydaycarewouldnotbesowidespreadifchildrenhadproblemswithit.ButBowlby’sysisraisesthepossibilitythatithasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadtomorementalillness15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreedislikeleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Atofthreealmostallchildrenfinditeasytogotothenursery.Thematter,then,isfarfrombeingclearlyknown,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlydaycareisreasonableforyoungchildren.Thepassagemainlyargues childrenoverthreewillacceptschoolchildrenunderthreeshouldbesenttonurserythefamilyrelationshipisdifferentintraditionalearlydaycareshouldbewidelyspreadinmodernWhichofthefollowingsupportsBowlby’sEarlydaycarewouldn’tbesopopularifithadnegativeSeparationfromparentsforyoungchildreniscommoninParentsfindtheimmediateeffectsofearlydaycaredifficulttodealStudiesshowearlydaycarehasapositiveeffectonchildren’sTheauthor’sattitudetowardsearlydaycareis childrenunderthreeshouldstaywiththeirithaspotentialbenefitsforbothchildrenandthebadeffectofitonchildrenwilldisappearastheygrowitiscontroversialandthesettlementcallsfortheuseofWhichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasintheIICICIICIPCI: P: Sp:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn) C:CanWeStopFoodLongingThroughImaginaryAreyoufightinganurgetoreachforchocolate?Then,letitmeltinyourmind,notinyourmouth.Accordingtotherecentresearch,imaginingeatingaspecificfoodreducesyourinterestinthatfood,soyoueatlessofit.Thisreactiontorepeatedexposuretofood—beinglessinterestedinbecauseyou’veexperiencedittoomuch—iscalled Theresearchisthefirsttoshowthathabituationcanoccurthroughthepowerthemind.“Ifyoujustthinkaboutthefooditself—howittastesandsmells—thatwillincreaseyourappetite,”saidCareyMorewedge,awell-knownpsychologist.“Itmightbebettertoforceyourselftorepeatedlythinkaboutchewingandswallowingthefoodinordertoreduceyourlonging. (47)Visualizingyourselfeatingchocolatewouldn’tpreventyoufromeatinglotsofcheese,”headded.Morewedgeconductedaninterestingexperiment.51subjectsweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupwasaskedtoimagineputting30coinsintoalaundrymachineandtheneatingthreechocolates. (48)Anothergroupwasaskedtoimagineputtingthreecoinsintoalaundrymachineandtheneating30chocolates.Lastly,acontrolgroupimaginedjustputting33coinsintothemachine—with (49)Whentheysaidtheyhadfinished,theseweretakenawayandweighed.Theresultsshowedthegroupthathadimaginedeating30chocolateseachatefewerofthechocolatesthantheothergroups.(50)Physicalsignals—thatfullstomachfeeling—areonlypartofwhatlsuswe’vefinishedameal.Theresearchsuggeststhatpsychologicaleffects,ashabituation,alsoinfluencehowmucha eats.Itmayleadtonewbehavioraltechniquesforpeoplelookingtoeatmorehealthily,orhavecontroloverotherhabits.What'smore,thisonlyworkswiththespecificfoodyou’vePeoplewereadvisedtotrydifferentmethodstoperformtheForexample,atenthbiteisdesiredlessthanthefirstbite,accordingtotheAllofthemthenatefreelyfrombowlscontainingthesameamountofchocolateItmeantthosewhorepeatedlyimaginedeatingwouldconcernaboutsomespecificThisrequiresthesamemotorskillsaseatingsmallchocolatesfromapacket,thestudysays.Thisstudyispartoftheresearchlookingintowhatmakesuseatmorethanweactuallyneed.第三部分：表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分第一節(jié)（15假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生 。你班交換生 Jim將要參加“學(xué) ”留學(xué)生漢語(yǔ)比賽，來(lái)信向你咨詢。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：推薦一個(gè)話題注意：1．詞數(shù)不少于50；2DearLi（請(qǐng)務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)第二節(jié)（20假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，介紹上個(gè)月你參加學(xué)校組活動(dòng)的完整過(guò)“GreenTravelinMyFamily”為題，給校英語(yǔ)角”寫一篇英文稿件。詞數(shù)不少于60。GreenTravelinMy（請(qǐng)務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi) 第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分1.was 2.3. 4.5. 6.to7. 8.was9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分第一（15小題；每小題2分3031.32. 6.41.37. 38.42. 0.45.第二節(jié)（5小題；每210 47. 48. 49. 50.第三部分：表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分第一節(jié)（15分一、評(píng)本題總分15分，按4個(gè)檔次評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言質(zhì)量初步確定其檔次，然后以檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或降低檔次，最后給分。詞數(shù)少于50，從總分中減去1分。分評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)說(shuō)明第一(13分－15分完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。第二（9分－12分基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。語(yǔ)法和用詞方面有一些錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解。基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。第三未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。（4分－8分內(nèi)容不完整；所用詞匯有限，語(yǔ)法或用詞方面的錯(cuò)誤影響了對(duì)所寫內(nèi)容的理解。未能清楚地傳達(dá)信息。第四未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。（1分－3分寫了少量相關(guān)信息；語(yǔ)法或用詞方面錯(cuò)誤較多，嚴(yán)重影響了對(duì)所寫內(nèi)容的理解。0未能傳達(dá)任何信息；寫的內(nèi)容與要求無(wú)關(guān)。OnePossibleDearI’msogladtohearthatyouwillparticipateintheChinesespeechcontest“LearninginChina”!Havinglearntyourtroubleinchoosingthesubject,Ifeelquitehonoredand mendationisLearningChineseCharactersinChina.Thissubject mendedbymefortworeasons.Ontheonehand,ChineseCharactersenjoyworldwidepopularity,yourspeechthemewilldefiniysparkgreatinterestofaudienceandfindanechoineveryone’sheart.Ontheotherhand,youcanuseyourownexperienceoflearningChineseCharacterswhich,Ibelieve,mustbesounforgettable,invitingandAsforpreparation,Istronglysuggestyoulearnyourspeechdraftbyheart,whichwillenableyoutoperformmorenaturally.Also,correctingpronunciationisquitenecessary,sopracticeoverandoveragainand