中考英語復(fù)習課件：選詞填空

選詞填空

選詞填空題要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從備選詞匯中挑選單詞并用其正確形式填空。該題型的綜合性很強，集合了閱讀理解、詞匯與語法、完形填空的測試特點。以下要介紹的是該題型的解題步驟。解題步驟一、通讀全文首先，我們要跳過空格通讀全文，理清文章脈絡(luò)，理解文章主旨大意，特別要注意讀懂文章的首尾句，以便迅速抓住文章主旨，以猜測作者的意圖、觀點。在理解文章的主旨大意之后再開始做題。

在閱讀過程中，要注意上下文的關(guān)系，這對于把握文章的整體意義大有用處。對不理解的地方采用暫時回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解決的方法。二、選擇單詞在這一步，主要分析空格處所需要填入的單詞。這一步是做題的核心部分，大家可以從以下兩方面著手：1.根據(jù)意思選詞。選詞前先要仔細觀察方框中提供的詞，明確每個詞的含義，然后再細讀文章。可以先從最容易的詞入手，如介詞、冠詞、連詞等，這些詞的詞形一般不發(fā)生變化，有些是固定搭配，然后再由簡入難，逐一攻破。在填詞時一定要注意詞不離句，句不離篇，全面考慮全文語境。2.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)選詞。有時只根據(jù)意思選詞，容易出現(xiàn)連環(huán)錯誤。為避免這種錯誤，要從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上來考慮。在一個簡單句中，基本結(jié)構(gòu)是主、謂、賓、定、狀、補。如果句中缺少主語，就把目標鎖定在名詞或代詞或有些可以變形為名詞的詞上。如需謂語則找動詞，需賓語則找名詞或代詞，需定語則找形容詞，需狀語則找副詞等。三、確定形式通過分析近幾年中考題，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)實詞(名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和數(shù)詞)常常需要變換形式。所以在選好單詞后，要分析選定單詞中的實詞，確定其是否需要變換形式。比如，要考慮名詞是用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，動詞是用不定式、動詞-ing形式還是動詞-ed形式，形容詞和副詞是用原級、比較級還是最高級等等。四、校核答案在填完全部空格后，應(yīng)該將全文仔細閱讀一遍，從全篇的高度來審視一切，看全文的意思是否通順，上下文的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系是否一致。再檢查一下前后的人稱、時態(tài)、主謂關(guān)系、語態(tài)、語氣以及詞的搭配等是否正確，以確保填空正確無誤。閱讀短文，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)脑~并用其適當形式填空，使短文完整、通順，每詞限用一次。[ask,when,sand,final,leave,run,hard,feeling,expect,fail ]Afewweeksago,IvisitedSydney,aperfectplacetosurf.IknewIcouldn't(1)_____itwithoutgoingsurfingmyself.Ibookedagroupsurflesson(2)_____IwasinByronBay.ByronBayisareallypopularplaceforprofessionalsurferstogo!Wefirst(3)_____tolearnhowtoreadtheseaconditionsandwhatto(4)_____inthewater.Thenwedidawarm-upby(5)_____alongthebeach.Next,itwastimetolearnhowtostandonthesurfboard.Wediditonthe(6)_____.Afteralotofpractice,wewerereadytogooutintotheseaandtryitoutonthewater.Ihavetosay,surfingismuch(7)_____thanitlooks.Whenyouwatchpeoplefromthebeach,theymakeitlooksoeasy!I(8)_____manytimestostandup.Thenoneofthecoachescametohelpmeandheldmyboardsteady(平穩(wěn)的).(9)_____IlearnedhowtodothatandbytheendofthelessonIhadmanagedto“walkonwater”.Itwasaprettyamazing(10)_____andIfeltsoproudofmyself!閱讀短文，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)脑~并用其適當形式填空，使短文完整、通順，每詞限用一次。[somewhere,change,food,hard,thick,grow,another,way,little,until] Winteriscoldinsomeplaces.Manyplantsdonot(1)_____duringthewinter.Someplantsevendie.Snowandicemaycovertheground,soitcanbe(2)_____foranimalstofindfoodduringthewinter.Animalsgetthroughthetimeinmany(3)_____.Birdsandbutterfliescanfly.Manyofthemleavetheirhomesfor(4)_____warm.Thentheycomehomenextspring.Wecallthismigration,whichisagoodwaytoavoidthecold.(5)_____goodwaytoavoidthecoldistosleepthroughit.Manyanimalshideandsleepduringthewinter.Theyslowdownandusevery(6)_____energy.Theydonoteatandtheyliveofftheirfat(脂肪).Theydothis(7)_____foodreturns.Wecallthishibernation.Snakes,frogsandbearshibernate.Someanimalsstore(8)_____intheirhomes.Theyliveonwhattheystoredinthesummerandfall.Thisiswhatsquirrels(松鼠)do.Otheranimalstoughitout(挨過).Theyneitherleavenorhide.Someofthemgrow(9)_____coatsinthewinter.Someofthem(10)_____colour.TheArcticfoxisbrowninthesummerandwhiteinthewinter.閱讀短文，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)脑~并用其適當形式填空，使短文完整、通順。每詞限用一次，其中有兩個是多余的。[different,should,they,energy,sleep,relax,we,by,minute,whether,talk,might]Studyingforyourtestsatschoolcansometimesmakeyoufeelabitstressedorworried.Here'ssomeadvicetohelpyoufeelmore(1)_____.Don’tcompareyourselftoyourfriendsEveryonelearnsthings(2)_____andsomepeoplefindthingseasierthanothers.Chooseareviewplanthatworksbestforyou.It'sfineifitisdifferentfromyourfriends'.Ifyouarefeelingstressed,(3)_____tosomeoneItcouldbeafriend,ateacheroryourfamily.Don'tfeellikeyou'relettingpeopledown(4)_____admitting(承認)youarefeelingstressed.Theywillbehappythatyouwouldliketoshareyourfeelingswith(5)_____,andwillhopefullyhelpyoutofeelbetter.Trytotakeregular(定期的)breaksduringyourreviewItwillhelpgiveyourbraintimetoprocess(處理)alltheinformationyouarelearning.Youcouldgoforawalkorjustcloseyoureyesandrelaxforafew(6)_____.LookafteryourbodyIt'simportanttotrytoeatwellandgetlotsof(7)_____beforeatest.Ifyoudon'tgiveyourmindarest,it(8)_____notworkaswellasitcould.Doingexercisereallyhelps(9)_____youareplayingfootball,goingforawalkorridingyourbike,exercisecanreallyhelpyoutofeellessstressed.Thenyoucanfeelbetterandgetmore(10)_____!閱讀短文，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)脑~語并用其適當形式填空，使短文完整、通順。每個詞語限用一次，其中有兩個是多余的。[compete,fixup,they,if,seem,private,

decide,surprised,word,plan,difference,stayaway]At13,RachelCrowappearedonTheXFactor.ItisaBritishrealityTV(真人秀)musiccompetitionshow.Thejudges(評判員)lovedherbeautifulsinging.It(1)_____thatshewasreadytowin.However,shefailed.Rachelwas(2)_____.Shecriedonthestage.Itwassadforher.ButitwasjustthekindofshowTVaudienceslove.Someexperts(專家)saythatkidsshould(3)_____fromrealityshows,becausetheydon'tplaycharacters.Theyplay(4)_____.Camerasshowtheirmost(5)_____moments.Also,theseshowsleavelittlefreetimeforthekids.Butotherssayrealityshowsgivekidsachancetoshine.OneDirection,apopboyband,becameworldfamousafter(6)_____onTheXFactor.EvenRachelrecordedheralbum(音樂專輯)andvoicedacharacterinthemovieRio2,thoughshefailed.Herearetwostudents'(7)_____opinionsonthis.★Kidsshouldbeallowedonrealityshows.?Kidsonrealityshowscanmakealotofmoney.?Talentedkidscanbecomefamous(8)_____theyappearonarealityshow.?It'sgoodforkidstolearnthattheycan'talwayswin.★Kidsshouldn'tbeallowedonrealityshows.?Childrenmaynotbeabletodealwithunkind(9)_____fromjudgesandfans.?Kidsonrealityshowshavetogiveupprivacy(隱私).Theyaretooyoungtomakethat(10)_____.?Realityshowsmayleavelittletimeforachildtostudy,playorjustrelax.答案：A)1.leave2.when3.wereasked4.expect5.running6.sand7.harder8.failed9.Finally10.feelingB)1.grow2.hard3.ways4.somewhere5.Another6.little7.until8.food9.thick/thicker10.changeC)1.relaxed2.differently3.talk4.by5.them6.minutes7.sleep8.might9.Whether10.energyD)1.peting7.different8.if9.words10.decision閱讀理解

閱讀理解能力的培養(yǎng)是中學英語學習的一項重要任務(wù)。閱讀理解是中考英語的測試重點，也是中考英語試題中分值最高的題型。它既考查同學們的語言理解能力，同時也考查同學們運用閱讀技巧獲取信息的能力。

閱讀理解的考查形式多樣，常見的題型有：選擇答案型、判斷正誤型、回答問題型、還原句子型和任務(wù)型，其中選擇答案型所占比例最大。針對不同題型，采用不同的對策，既能提高閱讀速度，又能提高做題的準確率。一、選擇答案型1.

需要注意每個段落的開頭和結(jié)尾，以便迅速了解文章的段落大意及全文大意。2.

快速瀏覽試題，而后在文章中找到與題干和選項相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，通過分析，有根據(jù)地排除干擾項，從而選出正確答案。對于暫時不能確定答案的試題，可以在文章中相關(guān)內(nèi)容處進行標記，為再次閱讀尋找答案做準備。3.

遇到生詞或長難句，不要害怕，也不要長時間停留。讀文章要盡量一氣呵成，把握文章整體最重要。對于關(guān)鍵性的生詞或長難句，要根據(jù)上下文猜測其含義。4.

試題的順序與信息點在文章中出現(xiàn)的順序通常是一致的，所以在尋找考查點時可以按照順序逐個查找。二、判斷正誤型讀完全文后，要準確理解文章后所設(shè)題目中各句子的含義，若試題表述與文章中的內(nèi)容相符或與作者觀點相同，則該試題正確，反之錯誤。三、回答問題型1.

此題型中的題目以細節(jié)理解題為主,對于此類題目,要抓住關(guān)鍵詞來回答問題。對于推理判斷題或主旨大意題,則需利用所給信息,在進行分析、歸納后，寫出答案。2.

答案可以是完整的句子，也可以是詞或短語，但一定要寫出能回答所提問題的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容。3.

確保寫出的內(nèi)容語義完整、語法正確。如果是完整的句子，還要注意人稱、時態(tài)、語態(tài)等的變化。四、還原句子型1.

在理解文章大意后，要把握全文的邏輯關(guān)系、行文順序。2.

先將位置容易確定的句子還原到文章中，對于不好確定位置的句子可以暫時擱置，而后多次閱讀上下文，找到其合理的位置。3.

將句子全部還原之后，要再次通讀全文，核查全文意思是否通順、結(jié)構(gòu)是否一致、邏輯是否合理。五、任務(wù)型該題型包含不同的任務(wù)，常見的有判斷正誤、回答問題、補全句子、英漢互譯等。1.

補全句子題考查同學們的邏輯思維能力。同學們需要在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，利用文中表示對比、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、遞進、條件等關(guān)系的連接詞，結(jié)合上下文語境，確定需要填什么樣的內(nèi)容。在填寫時要確保填寫的內(nèi)容語義完整、語法正確。2.

英漢互譯題一定要結(jié)合上下文去翻譯，一般采用“直譯”的方法，要注意表達準確到位、語法正確無誤。 A12-year-oldgirlfromVirginia,US,neverthoughtthatasimplemessagesheputonlinecouldbringherbigproblems.Shepostedthewords,“Killing.MeetmeinthelibraryTuesday”,withthreeemojis（表情符號）ofagun,aknifeandabomb（炸彈）onInstagram,asocialmedia（社交媒體）.Shewastoldthatshebrokethelawbecauseofthreatening（威脅）herschool. Thisproblemisnotfarawayfromus.Notlongago,NiHanxiang,aChinesestudentatauniversityintheUS,wassentbacktoChinaafterexpressingonsocialmediathathewouldkillhisteachersifhefailedtopasshisexams. InChina,postingthreateningwordsonlineisalsoagainstthelaw.In2013,WuHongfei,asinger,gotintotroubleforsayingonweibothatshewantedtoblowupabuilding. “ThreateninghappensnotonlyfacetofacebutalsothroughtheInternet,socialmediaandthetelephone,”saidMr.Cao,alawyerfromChongqing.“AlthoughthelawofChinaprotectspeople’srightoffreespeech,itdoesn’tincludewordsthatthreatenothers’livesandnationalsafety.” “Somepeoplemaynotmeantothreaten.Theymayjustbetryingtosay‘I’mstrong’,”saidFredPratt,alawyerfromtheUS. Thegirl’smothersaidherdaughterwasagoodkidwhohadneverbeenintroublebefore.NiHanxiangalsosaidhedidn’trealizethatwhatheputonlinewassoserious. “Butnotknowingthelawdoesn’tmeanthelawwilltreatyouanydifferentlyifyoubreakit,”saysDavidAllenGreen,alawyerfromtheUK.So,doyouthinkwe’dbetterspendaminuteortwothinkingaboutthewordsoremojisweuseonsocialmediabeforewepress“send”?60.The12-year-oldgirlfromVirginiaputthewords“Killing.MeetmeinthelibraryTuesday”,withthreeemojis___________.A.inherowndiary B.inalettertoherfriendC.onasocialmedia D.onthewallofthelibrary61.NiHanxiangwassentbacktoChina___________.A.becausehebroketheUSlaw B.becausehewasn’thonestC.afterhekilledhisteachers D.afterheblewupabuilding62.Fromthispassage,wecaninfer（推斷）that___________.A.FredPrattthinkssomepeoplemaynotmeantothreatenB.thegirl’smotherdidn’tthinkherdaughterwasabadchildC.cheatinginanexaminationatschoolmaygetyouintotroubleD.puttingthreateningwordsonQQmaybringyouproblem63.Thispassagemainlywantstotellusthat___________.A.weshouldn’tbreaktheUSlawifwestudyatauniversityintheUSB.studentsandsingersshouldn’tpostwordsoremojisonsocialmediaC.st