高中英語語法主謂一致

主謂一致的概念：主語和其謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。主謂一致分為三種情況：語法一致內容一致就近一致主謂“三”一致(一).就前一致：(即謂語動詞與前面的中心詞一致)名詞A+

+名詞B這樣的結構做主語，謂語動詞僅與A一致。1>.Mary,togetherwithherparents,____________(去過)theSummerPalacetwice.2>.Theteacheraswellasherstudents________fondofpopularmusicverymuch.3>.AllbutTom_______________(know)thetruthsofar.with;togetherwith;alongwithbut;except;besidesincluding;aswellas;inadditiontonot;ratherthan;like…..hasbeento-----

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haveknown---高中英語語法主謂一致就近一致（2）由連詞or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,not…but等連接的并列主語，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。如：Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.Heoryouhavetakenmypen.NotonlyTombutIamsatisfiedwiththeresult.Notonlytheybutalsoweareinterestedinthefilm.語法一致(15)在“oneof+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結構中，定語從句中謂語動詞的用復數(shù)；但如果one前面有theonly修飾時，定于從句的謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。如：Maryisoneofthestudentsthathavebeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.Maryistheonlyoneofthestudentsthathasbeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.內容一致（2）”the+形容詞（或分詞）”指一類人，如：therich(富人),theliving(活著的人),thewounded(傷者）作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。如：Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.Therichareeagertohelpthepoor.Thewoundedhavebeentakengoodcareof.Thelivinghavetocheerupandcontinuetolive.不定代詞all,most,some等作助于書，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于它們所指代的名詞的數(shù)。如：內容一致內容一致（4）不定數(shù)量的詞組，如：apartof,alotof,lotsof,oneof,anumberof,plentyof等作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于它們所修飾的名詞。如：Apartofthetextbookshavearrived.Apartoftheapplehasbeebeatenupbythepig.Alotofpeoplehavehearedthenews.Alofofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisproject.語法一致（15）“Asetof+復數(shù)名詞”及“Aseriesof+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Aseriesofdebateswasscheduledfortheweekend.Thesalesmantoldmethatagoodsetoftireswasguaranteedtorunatleastfiftythousandmiles.語法一致(15)在“oneof+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結構中，定語從句中謂語動詞的用復數(shù)；但如果one前面有theonly修飾時，定于從句的謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。如：Maryisoneofthestudentsthathavebeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.Maryistheonlyoneofthestudentsthathasbeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.(2)用and連接的并列主語，如果主語是同一個人、同一事物或同意概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，否則用復數(shù)。如：Ateacherandwriterisgoingtogiveusaspeech.Breadandbutterisusuallymybreakfast.Theprofessorandscientisthasalreadycome.Ateacherandawriterareintheoffice.語法一致(3)不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：TolearnEnglishwelltakeseffort.Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.Whenwe’llgoforanoutinghasnotbeendecidedyet.HowhecanspeaksogoodEnglishinterestsusall.語法一致(4)用and連接的并列主語被each，every，no或manya修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Eachboyandeachgirlhasbeengivenagift.Noteacherandnostudentisintheclassroom.Everypenandeverybook_____________(lay)onthedeskalready.Manyaboyandmanyagirlisinterestedinherlesson.hasbeenlaid語法一致(5)eachof+復數(shù)代詞，謂語動用單數(shù)。 復數(shù)代詞+each，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。如：Eachofushassomethingtosay.Eachofthemhasbeengivenapieceofbread.Weeachhaveadictionary.Theyeachhavedonetheirwork.語法一致高中英語語法主謂一致語法一致(6)none作主語，修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)時，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復數(shù)，但修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。如：Noneofusare(is)perfect.Noneofthesebooksare(is)mine.Noneofhismoneyhasbeenfoundagain.Noneofthisworriesme.語法一致(7)名詞如trousers,scissors,glasses,goods,clothes等作主語時，謂語動詞必須用復數(shù)，但當它們前面有apairof或onepairof修飾時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。如：Mytrousersareblack.Hisglassesareexpensive.Apairoftrousersliesonmybed.Apairofglasseswasgiventomeasagift.語法一致(8)形復意單名詞如：news;以-ics結尾的學科名詞如：physics,mathematics,economics;國名如：theUnitedStates;報紙名如：theNewYorkTimes;書名如：ArabianNights《天方夜譚》；以及theUnitedNations等作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。如：ArabianNightsisfullofinterestingstories.TheNewYorkTimesisapopularreadingmaterialforstudents.Physicsismyfavouritesubjects.語法一致(9)“a/an+名詞+andahalf”,“oneandahalf+名詞”“thenumberof+名詞”等作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。如：Anappleandahalfisonthetable.Oneandahalfdayshaspassed.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis63.語法一致(10)百分數(shù)（或分數(shù)）+of+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（或不可數(shù)名詞）謂語動詞用單數(shù)；百分數(shù)（或分數(shù)）+of+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。如：Twentypercentoflandhasbeenturnedintoaplayground.Twothirdsoftheappleisrotten.Sixtypercentoftheworkersinthefactoryarewomen.高中英語語法主謂一致語法一致Manya/an+n.+V(單數(shù)）+O.表示復數(shù)的意思，譯作“很多……”。如：ManyastudentisinterestedinEnglish.很多學生對英語感興趣。Manyateacherhasresigned.很多老師已經辭職了。Manyanapplehasgonebad.很多蘋果已經壞了。Manyamistakehasbeenmadebyhim.他犯了很多錯誤。語法一致（12）A(large)quantityof+N.+V+O.動詞的數(shù)由名詞決定；A(large)ammountof+N.(不可數(shù)名詞）+V(單三）+O.謂語動詞用單數(shù)，但是，Largequantitiesof+N.(pl.oruc）+V(復數(shù)）+O.Largeammountsof+N.(不可數(shù)名詞）+V(復數(shù)）+O.謂語動詞用復數(shù)。Alargequantityofsugarhasbeenputintheboiledwater.Largequantitiesofmoneyhavebeenwastedontheproject.AlaregeammountoftimehasbeenspentonEnglish.Largeammountsoftimehavebeensavedbythenewinvention.語法一致“Thiskindof+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；“復數(shù)名詞+ofthiskind”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。如：ThiskindofappleswasimportedfromAmerica.ApplesofthiskindwereimportedfromAmerica.語法一致(14)“A/An+單數(shù)名詞+ortwo”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；“Oneortwo+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。如：Adayortwoisenoughforthiswork.Oneortwodaysareenoughforthiswork.Amanortwoistobesenttheretohelpthem.Oneortwomenaretobesenttheretohelpthem.語法一致（15）“Asetof+復數(shù)名詞”及“Aseriesof+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Aseriesofdebateswasscheduledfortheweekend.Thesalesmantoldmethatagoodsetoftireswasguaranteedtorunatleastfiftythousandmiles.語法一致(15)在“oneof+復數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結構中，定語從句中謂語動詞的用復數(shù)；但如果one前面有theonly修飾時，定于從句的謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。如：Maryisoneofthestudentsthathavebeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.Maryistheonlyoneofthestudentsthathasbeeninvitedtosingattheconcert.不定代詞all,most,some等作助于書，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于它們所指代的名詞的數(shù)。如：內容一致內容一致（2）”the+形容詞（或分詞）”指一類人，如：therich(富人),theliving(活著的人),thewounded(傷者）作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。如：Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.Therichareeagertohelpthepoor.Thewoundedhavebeentakengoodcareof.Thelivinghavetocheerupandcontinuetolive.內容一致(3)用and連接的成對名詞習慣上被看做一個整體時，如：breadandbutter(面包加黃油),knifeandfork(刀叉)等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：內容一致（4）不定數(shù)量的詞組，如：apartof,alotof,lotsof,oneof,anumberof,plentyof等作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于它們所修飾的名詞。如：Apartofthetextbookshavearrived.Apartoftheapplehasbeebeatenupbythepig.Alotofpeoplehavehearedthenews.Alofofmoneyhasbeenspentonthisproject.內容一致(5)表示時間、金錢、距離、度量等的名詞作主語，即使是復數(shù)形式，它們作為一個單一的概念時，其謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Onemilliondollarsisalotofmoney.Tenmilesisalongdistance.Twoyearsisenoughislearnaforeignlanguage.就近一致（1）由here,there,where以及狀語從句提前構成的倒裝句中，(有時主語不止一個時)謂語與靠近它的主語保持一致。如：Herecomesthebus.Thereisapen,twobooksandthreepencilsonthedesk.Ontopofthemountainstandsatower.Whereisyourmother?Whereareyourfriends?就近一致（2）由連詞or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,not…but等連接的并列主語，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語保持一致。如：Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.Heoryouhavetakenmypen.NotonlyTombutIamsatisfiedwiththeresult.Notonlytheybutalsoweareinterestedinthefilm.1>.______youorhetoattendtomorrow’smeeting?2>.Eitheryouorhe______mistaken.3>.NeitherMarynorherparents_________inforrockmusic.4>.There_____apenandsomebooksonthetable.

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