科技英語(yǔ)單詞

科技英語(yǔ)單詞科技英語(yǔ)單詞科技英語(yǔ)單詞資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月科技英語(yǔ)單詞版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：P16Surfacewater地表水Totalsolid總固體Groundwater地下水Scale-forming結(jié)垢Finishedwaters處理后的水Per-capitausage人均用量Color色度Turbidity濁度Taste味道Odor臭味Nitrate硝態(tài)氮Harmfulmetalions有害金屬離子Organicchemicals有機(jī)化學(xué)物質(zhì)Pesticide農(nóng)藥Chlorinatedsolvent氯代溶劑U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency美國(guó)環(huán)保局Hardness硬度P17disposal處置Drainageorsewersystem排水或污水系統(tǒng)Purificationortreatmentfacilities凈化或處理設(shè)施effectivenessoftreatmentprocesses處理工藝的有效性Biochemical生化的Physicochemical物理化學(xué)的Organicandnitrogenloading有機(jī)和氮負(fù)荷Ammonia氨氣Dissolvedoxygen溶解氧Pollutionalload污染負(fù)荷Streampurificationcapacity河流凈化容量Effluentqualityoreffluentstandard出水質(zhì)量或出水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Nitrogenfertilizer氮肥Organicchemicals有機(jī)化學(xué)物質(zhì)Municipalwastewatertreatmentplant(MWTP)市政污水處理廠P18Inorganicchemistry無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)Colloidalchemistry膠體化學(xué)Radiochemistry放射化學(xué)Contamination污染Cleanup清理Analyticalchemistry分析化學(xué)Sampling采樣Separation分離Quantification量化Leachate滲濾液Aquifer水體P19Urbanpopulation城市人口Populationdensity人口密度combustion燃燒Incinerator焚燒爐Particulatematter顆粒物質(zhì)Visible可見(jiàn)的Atmosphericinversion大氣逆溫Respiratorytract呼吸道Photochemical光化學(xué)的Unsaturatedhydrocarbon不飽和烴Automobileexhaustgases汽車(chē)尾氣Ozone臭氧Formaldehyde甲醛Radioactivematerials放射性物質(zhì)Nuclearpowerplant核電廠Solarenergy太陽(yáng)能Biomass生物質(zhì)Ultravioletradiation紫外輻射Carbondioxide二氧化碳Methane甲烷Chlorofluorocarbons氟利昂Greenhousegases溫室氣體P23organicchemistry有機(jī)化學(xué)synthesis合成liquid水體中by-product副產(chǎn)物impurities雜質(zhì)organicload有機(jī)負(fù)荷formaldehyde甲醛methanol甲醇vital-forcetheory生命力理論ammoniumcyanate氰化胺urea尿素P24Elements(元素)hydrocarbon烷烴nitrogen氮phosphorous磷sulfur硫halogen鹵素P25Properties(性質(zhì))combustible可燃的meltingpoint熔點(diǎn)boilingpoint沸點(diǎn)soluble可溶的formula分子式isomerism同分異構(gòu)molecular分子的ionic離子的molecularweight分子量Bacteria細(xì)菌Sources(來(lái)源)fibers纖維cellulose纖維素starch淀粉alkaloids生物堿fermentation發(fā)酵acetone丙酮glycerol甘油antibiotics抗生素acid酸microorganism微生物P27Isomerism(同分異構(gòu)現(xiàn)象)isomer同分異構(gòu)體hydroxyacid羥基酸structuralformula結(jié)構(gòu)分子式aliphatic脂肪族aromatic芳香族heterocyclic雜環(huán)的Hydrocarbon(烴)Saturatedhydrocarbons飽和烴Unsaturatedhydrocarbons不飽和烴Paraffinseries鏈烷烴系列petroleum石油gasoline汽油Dieselfuel柴油Methane甲烷Marshgas沼氣Naturalgas天然氣Gasengines燃?xì)獍l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Firedamp瓦斯Greenhousegas溫室氣體Stratosphere同溫（平流）層P28methane甲烷ethane乙烷propane丙烷butane丁烷normal正N-butane正丁烷Prefixiso-前綴isobutane異丁烷Straightchain直鏈Branched-chain支鏈Roomtemperature室溫Homologousseries同族系列Generalformula通用分子式P30nomenclature系統(tǒng)命名法IUPAC(InternationalUnionofPureandAppliedChemistry)國(guó)際純粹化學(xué)和應(yīng)用化學(xué)聯(lián)合會(huì)strongbase強(qiáng)堿strongacid強(qiáng)酸oxidizingagent氧化劑concentratedsulfuricacid濃縮的硫酸Oxidation氧化substitution取代pyrolysis高溫裂解cracking裂化high-molecular-weight高分子量petroleumindustry石油工業(yè)chemicalsynthesis化學(xué)合成terminalcarbonatoms末端碳原子omegaoxidation末端氧化intermediatesteps中間步驟P32Unsaturatedhydrocarbonsethyleneseries烯類doublebond雙鍵alkenes鏈烯ethylene乙烯propylene丙烯butylene丁烯pyrolysisofpetroleum石油高溫裂解diolefins二烯烴polyenes多烯acetyleneseries炔類triplebond三鍵P34syntheticrubber合成橡膠oxidation氧化反應(yīng)aqueoussolution水溶液potassiumpermanganate高錳酸鉀reduction還原反應(yīng)glycol乙二醇catalysis催化劑addition加成反應(yīng)halogenacid鹵酸hypochlorousacid高氯酸polymerization聚合反應(yīng)polymer聚合物resin樹(shù)脂fiber纖維rubber橡膠detergent洗滌劑bacterialoxidation細(xì)菌氧化P35Alcohols(醇類)alcohol醇類aerobiccondition好氧條件degradation降解hydroxyalkyl氫氧烷基ionize離子化neutral中性的classification分類primaryalcohol伯醇secondaryalcohol仲醇tertiaryalcohol叔醇P36isopropylalcohol異丙醇methylalcohol甲醇ethylalcohol乙醇n-butylalcohol正丁醇carbonmonoxide一氧化碳enzyme酶glucose葡萄糖industrialalcohol工業(yè)酒精distillation蒸餾hydration水合反應(yīng)cornstarch玉米淀粉waxysolid蠟狀固體hexadecanol十六醇alkylgroup烷基團(tuán)hydroxylgroup羥基團(tuán)2-methyl-1-propanol2-甲基-1-丙醇polyhydroxyalcohol多羥基醇pethyleneglycol乙烯二醇aldehydes醛ketones酮carbonylgroup羰基P41Ozonide臭氧化物steampowerplant蒸汽發(fā)電機(jī)internalcombustionengines內(nèi)燃機(jī)embalming防腐biologicalspecimens生物標(biāo)本dilution稀釋toxicitythresholds毒性閾值nontoxic無(wú)毒的activatedsludge活性污泥P42-P44acetaldehyde乙醛condensation縮合aldehyderesinpaint醛類樹(shù)脂顏料dimethylketone雙甲基酮methylethylketone甲乙酮2-butanol2-丁醇solvent溶劑monocarboxylicacid單羧基酸polycarboxylicacid多羧基酸hydroxylgroup羥基P48Ester酯hydrolysis水解reversiblereaction逆反應(yīng)generalformula通用分子式butylacetate乙酸丁酯perfumes香水flavoringextracts調(diào)味料odor氣味immiscible難溶的separation分離purification純化antibiotics抗生素hydrolyze水解P49ether醚strongdehydratingagents強(qiáng)脫水劑fragments斷裂flammable可燃的diethylether乙醚a(bǔ)nesthetic麻醉劑flotation上浮decantation沉淀alkylhalide鹵化烴halogenatedaliphaticcompounds鹵代脂肪化合物industrialwastewater工業(yè)廢水municipalwastewater市政污水maximumcontaminantlevels（MCLS）最大污染水平volatile揮發(fā)性pollutants污染物P50vinylchloride氯乙烯phosphorous磷bromide溴化物potassiumcyanide氰化鉀nitrile腈carbonchain碳鏈methylchloride一氯甲烷ethylchloride一氯乙烷refrigerant制冷劑P51lead鉛polyvinylchloride聚氯乙烯contaminatedgroundwater受污染的地下水sanitary衛(wèi)生的carcinogen致癌的airpollutant空氣污染ethylenedibromide（EDB）1，2-二溴乙烷pesticide殺蟲(chóng)劑ingredient成分dichloromethane二氯甲烷chlorination氯化反應(yīng)P52chloroform氯仿nonflammable不可燃的microgram微克disinfection消毒naturalwater天然水phosgene（COCl2）光氣halogenatedethanes鹵乙烷industrialsolvent工業(yè)溶劑halogenatedethenes鹵乙烯degreaser除油器P53-P56dibromochloropropane（DBCP）chloroflurocarbon氟氯烴Tradename商品名Freon氟利昂fluorine氟ultravioletradiation紫外光輻射greenhousegas溫室氣體ozonedestruction臭氧層破壞greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)P57-P61Aromaticcompoundscyclicgroup環(huán)基aromaticcompound芳香族化合物aliphaticcompound脂肪族化合物benzenering苯環(huán)parentcompound母體化合物kekuleformula凱庫(kù)勒分子式polycyclicaromatichydrocarbons（PAHs）多環(huán)芳烴P62combustionproduct燃燒產(chǎn)物chimneysweeps煙道清掃creosote防腐油chlorinatedaromaticcompound含氯芳香烴化合物polychlorinatedbiphenyls多氯聯(lián)苯chlorinatedbenzene氯苯P63hydrophobic疏水性dichlorobenzene二氯苯congener同類vaporpressure蒸氣壓capacitor電容器plasticizer增塑性biodegrade生物降解anaerobicmicroorganisms厭氧微生物P64phenols酚monohydricphenol一羥基酚carbolicacid碳酸ionize電離germicide殺菌劑hemicellulose半纖維Heterocycliccompounds雜環(huán)化合物Dye染料P71Sugar糖Carbohydrate碳水化合物monosaccharide單糖Disaccharide雙糖polysaccharide多糖hexose乙糖glucose葡萄糖xylose木糖Galactose半乳糖Lacticacid乳酸P75Condensationproduct濃縮產(chǎn)品Starch淀粉Cellulose纖維Hemicellulose半纖維amylase直鏈淀粉amylopectin支鏈淀粉iodine碘indicator指示劑mammals哺乳動(dòng)物structuralfiber結(jié)構(gòu)纖維sulfite亞硫酸鹽sulfate硫酸鹽pulping紙漿subunit亞單位digestivetract消化系統(tǒng)ruminant反芻動(dòng)物P77-P84suspension懸浮液preliminarytreatment預(yù)處理sedimentation沉積作用anaerobicdigestion厭氧消化filtration過(guò)濾centrifugation離心incineration焚燒pentose戊糖lignin木質(zhì)素resin樹(shù)脂pitch柏油脂pulpingprocess造紙工藝derivation衍生物yeast酵母菌P85-P86protein蛋白質(zhì)insulin胰島素amino氨基ribonuclease核糖核酸hemoglobin血紅蛋白nitrogen氮oxygen氧iron鐵hydrolyticenzyme水解酶P87-P96detergent洗滌劑ingredient成分surface-activeagent表面活性劑surfactant表面活性物質(zhì)polar極性sodium鈉potassium鉀rodent利齒動(dòng)物insect昆蟲(chóng)categorize分類herbicide除草劑algicide除藻劑fungicide除菌劑chemicalproperties化學(xué)特性toxicproperties毒性traceorganics微量有機(jī)物concentration濃度impurity雜質(zhì)epidemiological流行病學(xué)statisticalstudy統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)P97organ器官kidney腎liver肝extraction萃取gaschromatography（GC）氣相色譜liquidchromatography（LC）液相色譜hexane正乙烷immune免疫的exudate滲出物decomposition分解polymeric聚合phenolic苯酚的humicsubstance腐殖質(zhì)excneta排泄物aquaticplant水生植物potentialhazard潛在危險(xiǎn)P100Solubility溶解性Hydrophobicity疏水性Polarity極性Volatility揮發(fā)性Density密度Sorption吸附Transformation轉(zhuǎn)換Partitioning分配Photochemical光化學(xué)的P125Standardmethod標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法Partspermillion(ppm)Partsperbillion(ppb)Partspertrillion(ppt)Internationalsystemofunits(SI)Milligramsperliter(mg/L)Microgramsperliter(μg/L)nanogramsperliter(ng/L)P133generaloperation一般操作keystone關(guān)鍵fieldinvestigation野外調(diào)查specializedcourse專業(yè)課程P134sample采樣instantaneously瞬間的frequencyofsample采樣頻率grabsample隨機(jī)采樣Compositedsample組合樣品atregularintervals一定間隔detentiontime停留時(shí)間P135influent進(jìn)水effluent出水a(chǎn)pparatus裝置reagent化學(xué)試劑solubility溶解度coefficientofexpansion膨脹系數(shù)specification規(guī)格precipitation沉淀purity純度ignition灼燒purification純化P136weightanalysis重量分析membrane膜boundwater結(jié)合水filterpaper濾紙glassfiberfilter玻璃纖維濾紙porosity孔隙bariumsulfate硫酸鋇ferrichydroxide氫氧化鐵vessel容器drainage排水drying烘干freewater自由水crystallization結(jié)晶P137volatilization揮發(fā)decomposition分解desiccation干燥evaporationdish蒸發(fā)皿crucible坩堝moisture濕度relativehumidity相對(duì)濕度desiccator干燥器anhydrouscalciumchloride無(wú)水氯化鈣analyticalbalance分析天平P139fixedsolid固定固體volatilesolid揮發(fā)固體timeconsuming消耗時(shí)間的constantweight恒重grossweight毛重netweight凈重porcelain陶瓷platinumware鉑制器皿pretreatment預(yù)處理P140semisolidsample半固體樣品volumetricanalysis容積分析standardsolution標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液glassware玻璃器皿suitablestrength適當(dāng)強(qiáng)度stoichiometricendpoint化學(xué)當(dāng)量終點(diǎn)calibrate校正buret滴定管cylinder量筒calibratedglassware標(biāo)正玻璃器皿Indicator指示劑P141-P157pipet移液管chromicacid鉻酸normalsolution當(dāng)量溶液primarystandard一級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)secondarystandard二級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)acidtitration酸滴定basetitration堿滴定oxidationreductionmethods氧化還原方法calculation計(jì)算colorimetry比色法spectrophotometer分光光度計(jì)monochromaticlight單色光wavelength波長(zhǎng)linearcoordinatepaper直角坐標(biāo)紙nitrite亞硝酸根calibration校正turbidimetry濁度劑法nephelometry懸浮法precision精度Accuracy精確度P160Regulatory法規(guī)acidrain酸雨ozonelayer臭氧層Wo