定語(yǔ)從句在寫(xiě)作中的運(yùn)用(教師版)

學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載定語(yǔ)從句在寫(xiě)作中的運(yùn)用.5.contradiction駁；矛盾obstacleapproval贊成；承認(rèn)revelationcriticn.n..5.contradiction駁；矛盾obstacleapproval贊成；承認(rèn)revelationcriticn.n.Sayingsththatconflictswithsthsaidorwrittenbysb;disagreement 反n.Thingwhichstandsinthewayandpreventsprogress障礙；阻礙n.Showingorsayingthatonethinkssthisgoodoracceptableorsatisfactoryn.Makingknownsththatwassecretorhidden;revealing啟示；揭示Personwhoevaluatesanddescribesthequalityofsth,espworksof.10.art,literature,music,etc批評(píng)家；評(píng)論家sponsorn.Personwhoagreestoberesponsibleforsth;personwhoputsforwardapreposal;sportseent,etc,usuallyinreturnforadvertising 擔(dān)保人；發(fā)起人；贊助者merchant n.Personwhobuysandsellsgoodsinlargequantities商人Burglarn.Personwhobreaksintohouses,shops,etcinordertosteal竊賊Sequeneen.Orderinwhichthingsoreventsfollowoneanother 順序；序歹USquirreln.Smalltree-climbinganimalwithlongfurrytailthateatsnutsandalsostoresthemforthewinter松鼠一、寫(xiě)作中常用的幾種定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which,as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是寫(xiě)作的一大重點(diǎn),（2014福建高考滿分作文）尤其是which和as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在高考范文中更是屢見(jiàn)不鮮。（2014福建高考滿分作文）Actually,wecan'tsucceedineverythingthatwetry.Asailorwhohasexperieneednostormwillneverbecomeanexcellentsailor.(2013福建高考滿分作文）沒(méi)經(jīng)歷過(guò)暴風(fēng)雨的水手永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為一名優(yōu)秀的水手。（2011福建高考滿分作文）Iamdeeplyimpressedbythegreatchangesthathavetakenplacein（2011福建高考滿分作文）theschooloverthepastthreeyearsEveryoneofyouisexpectedtobepartoftheeventwhichencouragescreativemindsandgivesfullplaytoyourDIYskills.(2014 遼寧高考滿分作文)Iwasonmywaytothebookstoreandwaswaitingforthegreenlightatacrossingwhenagirlofabouttenwasknockeddownbyapassingcar,whichdroveoffquickly.(2014 湖北高考滿分作文）Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhileeatingmooncakes,whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.（2013遼寧髙考滿分作文）人們可以一邊吃月餅一邊賞月，月餅是這個(gè)節(jié)日的特殊食品。關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是指 when,where,why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。Thereasonwhypeoplecelebratethefestivalisthattheybelieveitisthetimewhenthemoonisatitsfullestandbrightestinthewholeyear,andpeoplewillgathertogethereatingmooncakesandappreciatingthefullmoon.（2013遼寧高考滿分作文）人們慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日的原因是， 他們相信這時(shí)候是一年中月亮最滿、 最亮的時(shí)候，人們聚在一起吃月餅、賞滿月。3."介詞+which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句Yearsofschoollifehavetaughtmealotofthings, ofwhichwhatstrikesmemostisthatweshouldtakecarenottohurtotherswithourwords,deliberatelyorbyaccident.（2013 湖北高考滿分作文）多年的校園生活教會(huì)了我很多東西，其中使我印象最深的是我們應(yīng)該盡量不要用言語(yǔ)傷害別人，無(wú)論是故意還是無(wú)意。［即時(shí)演練］用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空Thosewhodosimpleandordinaryjobsarealsopromotingthedevelopmentofthesociety.（2013廣東高考滿分作文）Asweallknow,cleaningstreetsisoneofthehardestwork.（2013廣東高考滿分作文）-EveryoneofyouisexpectedtobepartoftheeventwhichencouragescreativemindsandgivesfullplaytoyourDIYskills.（2014 遼寧高考滿分作文）Thetruthisereryonewillhaveoneofthoseperiodswhenthingsseemtobegoingwrong.soyoudon‘thavetoworrysomi（2D;14安徽高考滿分作文）ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,afterwhichshewenttohaveheradvaneedstudyabroad.二、定語(yǔ)從句的寫(xiě)法定語(yǔ)從句是比較難掌握而又是學(xué)生在寫(xiě)作中喜歡嘗試的復(fù)雜句，因此在寫(xiě)作時(shí)可采用“三步法”：第一步：寫(xiě)出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。第二步：在一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯，這個(gè)詞在兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中都有。第三步：把另一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句改成定語(yǔ)從句，要特別注意引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。

［示例］第一步：寫(xiě)出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。①TheforeignerisfromCanada.②Hevisitedourclassyesterday.第二步：在句①中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯:theforeigner第二步：在句①中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯:theforeigner。第三步：用句②充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句， theforeigner為先行詞指人，句②中的代詞 he指代theforeigner且在句子中作主語(yǔ)，故用who或that作引導(dǎo)詞。Theforeignerwho/thatvisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.［即時(shí)演練］把下列每組題中的兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句rvealwaysIongedforthedays.Iwillbeabletobeindependentthen.I'vealwayslongedforthedayswhen_lwill_be_able_tobe.independent.Ihaveafriend.Herfatherisanengineer.I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.Theyplantedthetrees.Thetreesdidn'tneedmuchwater.Theyplantedthetreesthat/whichdidn'tneedmuchwater.Thisisthebestmethod.Itcanbeusedagainstpollution.This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.Theysenttheelderlysomefruits,cleanedtheroomsandhadagoodchatwiththem.Theelderlyalwaysfeellonely.TheysentsomefruitstotheelderlywhoalwaysfeelIonely,cleanedtheroomsandhad_a_good_chat_with_them三、定語(yǔ)從句寫(xiě)作的幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)誤用關(guān)系詞誤:IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.正:IliveinBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChina.誤:Ihaveafriend,who'snameisLiuMei.正:Ihaveafriend,whosenameisLiuMei.2.句子殘缺誤:ThereweremanystudentstookpartintheEnglishcompetition.正:ThereweremanystudentswhotookpartintheEnglishcompetition.誤:Thosewhoinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.正:Thosewhoareinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.3.有多余詞誤：ThefilmIsawitlastnightwasreallyverygood.正:ThefilmIsawlastnightwasreallyverygood.誤:Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupthereinmychildhood.正:Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupinmychildhood.4.定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的混淆誤:Infact,smokingisabadhabit,itdoesgreatharmtopeople'shealth.正:Infact,smokingisabadhabit,which/anditdoesgreatharmtopeopie'shealth.誤:Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,itdidn'thelp.正:Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,which/butitdidn'thelp.［即時(shí)演練］單句改錯(cuò)1.Thosehaveworkexperieneecanfindajobeasily.答案：Those后加who2.Somesongsremindusofthepeoplewhichwelove..答案：which7who(m)3.Thisisthefactorywevisiteditlastyear..答案：去掉it4.Shehasbeenateacherfor30yearsintheplacewhereusedtobeapoorarea.答案：where7which/that5.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,itisnamedafterhisgrandfather. 答案：it7which或在it前加and［綜合演練提升］I.用定語(yǔ)從句翻譯短語(yǔ)1.一個(gè)叫做Tom的男孩2.教我們英語(yǔ)的老師3.昨天我媽媽給我的錢(qián)4.矗立在河邊的樓房5.—位皮包被偷了的女士6.我們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)工作的開(kāi)心日子7.她工作的地方8.她沒(méi)有交作業(yè)的原因總結(jié)：定語(yǔ)從句可以修飾主句的不同成分一主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)可以修飾整個(gè)主句。I.Thegirlwhostudieshardisverybeautiful.2.Iknowthegirlwhostudieshard.3.Thisisthegirlwhostudieshard.II.翻譯句子不努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生不會(huì)通過(guò)考試的。Thestudentswhodon'studyhardwillnotpasstheexam.她上周買(mǎi)的裙子非常好看。Thedress,whichsheboughtlastweek,isverynice.這就是他爸爸工作的地方。Thisistheplacewherehisfatherworks.你們已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步，這使老師非常高興Youhavemadegreatprogress,whichmakesyourteacherveryhappy.眾所周知，他是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。Asisknowntousall,heisagoodstudent.北京是中國(guó)的首都，它是一座美麗的城市。Beijing,whichisthecapitalcityofChina,isaverybeautiful.Prose）魯迅的原名(realname)是周樹(shù)人。在他的一生中他寫(xiě)了很多小說(shuō)和散文(Prose）Luxun,whoserealnameisZhouShuren,wrotemanynovelsandprosesinhiswholelife.III.欣賞句子1.我總是會(huì)參觀一些博物館， 這些博物館對(duì)于拓寬視野、豐富知識(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)是不應(yīng)錯(cuò)過(guò)的。Iwouldvisitsomemuseumswhich_should_not_be_missedtowidenmyhorizonsaswellasenrichmyknowledge.（2013山東高考滿分作文）當(dāng)今，父母為他們的獨(dú)生子女做所有的事情， 這使得這些獨(dú)生子女非常依賴(lài)于父母。Nowadaysparentshavedoneeverythingfortheir single children.which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parentsbadly.（2013福建高考滿分作文）你知道，中國(guó)結(jié)非常受中國(guó)人的喜歡。As_you_know,_ChineseknotsareverypopularwithChinesepeople.（2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷n?滿分作文)你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市參加一個(gè)國(guó)際會(huì)議。Youknow,myuncleLiMingisgoingtothecitywhereyoulivetoattendaninternationalmeeting.（2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I滿分作文）我經(jīng)常想起被陌生人的言語(yǔ)傷害和侮辱的時(shí)候，甚至有時(shí)是來(lái)自熟悉的人。IoftenthinkaboutthetimeswhenIhavefelthurtandinsultedbyruderemarksfromstrangersandsometimesevenfromacquaintances.（2013湖北高考滿分作文）IV.改寫(xiě)句子例子：JackisfromCanada.Hehasstudiedinourschoolforthreeyears.Heoftenhelpsuslearn English.HespeaksChineseverywell.改寫(xiě)1:Jackisastudentofourschool,whocomesfromCanada.Hehasstudiedinourschoolforthreeyears.HeoftenhelpsuslearnEnglish,andhespeaksChineseverywell.改寫(xiě)2：JackcomesfromCanada.Heisastudentofourschoolwherehehasstudiedfor3years.NotonlydoesheoftenhelpuslearnEnglishbuthespeaksChinesefluentlyaswell.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練： Ourclassisabigfamily;Itconsistsof12girlsand50boys.Mostofthemaremainlyfromthecountryside.ZhaoQiangisakind-