天津市最新高考英語閱讀理解復習題(附答案)

天津市最新高考英語閱讀理解復習題（附答案）一、高中英語閱讀理解.閱讀理解Washington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.DurationTourThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路線)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras C.Meals. D.Safetylights.【答案】(1)A⑵A(3)D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介紹了四個有特色的華盛頓特區(qū)自行車之旅。(1)細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的 "Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—disappear!可知，華盛頓的櫻花自行車之旅需要在櫻花消失之前預定好位置，故選A。(2)細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的 "KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks."可知，在首都自行車之旅中可以聽到導游講的有關總統(tǒng)、國會、紀念碑等有趣的故事，故選 Do(3)細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中的 Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights可知，夜間自行車之旅配備反光背心和安全燈，故選D?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。涉及細節(jié)理解題，要注意仔細閱讀從文中尋找答案。2.閱讀理解AnaspirinadaykeepsthedoctorawayDr.TimJohnsondiscussesevidenceofadailydoseofaspirin'sbenefits.That'snotthesaying,butdoctorshaveagreed,foraboutageneration,thatanaspirinadayisgoodforyou.Itmayreducetheriskofheartattacksorstrokesby20percentormore.TheUSPreventiveServicesTaskForce,anindependentgroupconvenedbytheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,haspublishedguidelinesthatitsaysshouldendtheconfusion.Thekeypoints:Menshouldstartadailyaspirinatage45,mainlytoprotectagainstheartattacks.Womenshouldstartat55,mainlytoprotectagainststroke.Forbothsexes,ababyaspirin-typically81milligramaday-willdothejob.Thereisnoevidencethatalargedosemakesadifference.Andbothsexesshouldstopbyage80,unlesstheirdoctorssayotherwise.Asyougetolder,there'sagreaterriskofbleedinginthebrainorthedigestivesystem,ariskthatissmallbutcanbedeadlyinsomecases.Ifpeoplestarttakingaspirinastheguidelines,doctorssaytheirriskofheartattackswilldropbyabout20percent."Peoplemayaskthemselves'AmIatriskforaheartattackorastroke?'"saidDr.RandalThomas,directorofcardiovas-cularhealthattheMayoClinicinMinnesota"Ifyouareage45andmale,ifyou'reaboveage55andfemale,theanswerismostlikelyyes,andyouwillmostlikelybenefitfromtakingasmalldoseofaspirinaday.WhatmightDr.TimJohnsonthinkoftakinganaspirinaday?A.Itisuselessfortheold. B.Itwillkeepthedoctoraway.C.Itisbeneficialtohealth. D.Itwillhaveharmfulsideeffects.Whatcanwelearnfromtheguidelines?Theaspirinhasthesameeffectonbothmenandwomen.Alargedoseofaspirinwillcausebleedinginthebrain.Peopleshouldstarttakingaspirinatage45.Itwillbeawasteifyoutakemorethan81milligramofaspirinaday.WhatmightbeDr.RandalThomasattitudetotheguidelines?A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Cautious. D.Doubtful.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtokeepthedoctoraway. B.Howtoreducethehealthyrisk.C.Whatarebenefitsofaspirin. D.Whoshouldtakeaspirinandwhen.【答案】(1)C⑵DBD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹類”誰應該在什么時候服用阿司匹林 ”。(1)考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的 "Dr.TimJohnsondiscussesevidenceofadailydoseofaspirin'sbenefits.可知阿司匹林對健康是有女?處的。故選C(2)考查推理判斷。根據第三小點 "ababyaspiri-typically81milligramaday-willdothejob.Thereisnoevidencethatalargedosemakesadifference.可知阿司匹林服入超過 81毫克是沒有作用的，也就是過多的服用是浪費，故選Do(3)考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的 "youwillmostlikelybenefitfromtakingasmalldoseofaspirinaday.每天服用小劑量的阿斯匹林最有可能使你受益。可推知Dr.RandalThomas指導方針持支持態(tài)度。故選Bo(4)考查主旨大意。根據最后一段中的 "flyouareage45andmale,ifyou'reaboveage55andfemale,theanswerismostlikelyyes,andyouwillmostlikelybenefitfromtakingasmalldoseofaspirinaday.可知，短文介紹服用阿司匹林的指導方針。 45歲的男性和55歲以上的女性，是可以服用阿司匹林的，每天服用小劑量的阿司匹林中受益。 "可知文章主要講的是"誰應該在什么時候服用阿司匹林。 "故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。3.閱讀理解ToensureanexcellentexperienceduringyourtouroftheMarkTwainHouse,herearesomeguidelinesandgeneralinformation:TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.Toensureanoptimum(最佳)experience,housetoursarelimitedto14people,first-come,first-served.Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call(860)280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit.Ifyouhaveapartyoffewerthan10peoplefeelfreetopurchaseticketsonline:WewillholdthematWillCall.Thetourscheduleisusuallyonlineaboutamonthinadvance.OursiteismadeupofthreebuildingsTheWebsterBankMuseumCenterattheMarkTwainHouse&Museumisalwaysyourfirstandlaststopasithousesourticketcounter,museumstore,film,exhibitsandcafe.AlltoursgatherinthemuseumcenterbeforeheadingovertoMarkTwain'shistoric1874home.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic.Thehayloft（干草棚）hasbeenrepurposedintoofficesandthemainfloorofthebarnisaspaceavailableforrentforpartiesandmeetings.Coupons&DiscountsTheMarkTwainHouseoffersonlyafewcouponsanddiscounts.ThepriceyoupayforadmissionhelpsusmaintainthebeautyofthisiconofAmericanarchitecture.Ifyouareluckyenoughtofindoneofthosespecialoffersonlineoratyourlocallibrary,keepinmindtheyaregoodonlyforthegeneralMarkTwainHouseTours.Nopassesordiscountsmaybeappliedtoourspecialtytours.（1）Whatkindoftourbookedbeforehandenjoysadiscount?A.Specialtytour.B.GuidedtourC.Grouptourwith9people.D.Grouptourwith13people.（2）Whichplaceisnotavailabletotourists?A.TheWebsterBankMuseumCenter.B.MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouse.C.Thehayloft.D.MarkTwain'shistoric1874home.（3）Whatisthepurposeofchargingadmissionfees?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Towellpreservethehouse.C.TosupportMarkTwain'sfamily.D.Toofferpartiesandmeetings.【答案】（1）DBB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了參觀馬克 吐溫故居的指南和信息。（1）考查推理判斷。根據 TheHouseisShownOnlybyGuidedTour.部分中的"Ifyourgrouphasmorethan10people,call（860）280-3130toreserveadiscountedgrouptourinadvanceofyourvisit."可知，如果您的團體人數超過 10人，請在您參觀之前致電（ 860）280-3130預訂折扣的團體游，可知，13人旅行團提前預定可以享受折扣，故選 D。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據 Oursiteismadeupofthreebuildings部分中的"MarkTwain'shistoriccarriagehouseisthethirdbuildingonourproperty,butisgenerallynotopentothepublic."可知，馬克吐溫的馬車屋是不對游客開放的，故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據 Coupons&Discounts部分中的"ThepriceyoupayforadmissionhelpsusmaintainthebeautyofthisiconofAmericanarchitecture."可知，你們的入場費用幫助我們保持這個美國標志性建筑 ——馬克吐溫故居的美麗，可知，收取入場費的目的是保護好馬克吐溫故居，故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解Asocietythatlivesbytheplasticforkmayverywelldiefromit.That'showthingsarelooking.Anyway,foraworldsousedtodisposable（一次性的 ）habits,anyhopeforasolution（解決方案 ）alsoincreasinglyseemstobeburied.Sure,therehavebeensomehopefulideas.BoyanSlat,theDutchinventordevelopedaplanforCoveringtheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Notlongafteritstarted,Slat'ssystemexperienced"materialfatigue（疲勞）"-likelytheresultofbeingstrained（使受到壓力）byallthattrash-andthetaskwasdelayed.Allthewhile,theplasticincreases.Itsgrowthisveryfast,accordingtoLindaWang,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatPurdueUniversity.Shesays,"We'llhavemoreplasticthanfishby2050."YetWang,alongwithotherresearchersatPurdue,mayhaveasolutionnotonlytothisplasticproblem,butalsotothegrowingneedforcleanenergy.Herteamhasdevelopedasystemthatturnswaste,adurable,lightweightmaterialthataccountsforaboutaquarterofallplasticwaste,intoahighlypureformofgasoline.PublishingtheirfindingsinthejournalSustainableChemistryandEngineering,thescientists'statethatinsteadofmakingplasticgoaway,theycanbreakitdownandreuseit,usingchemistrytodestroywhatchemistrybroughttotheworldwhenplasticwasdevelopedbackin1907.Theprocessuses"supercritical"water-heatedtoaround450degreesCelsius（842degreesFahrenheit）,beyondthekeypointatwhichdistinctliquidandvaporphases（氣液態(tài)）exist-toboilplasticwasteintoanoil,theresearchersexplain.Ittakesacoupleofhoursforthesupercriticalwatertocompletethetransformation,buttheresultisakindofoilthatcanbeusedasgasolineorfuel.Itcanalsobeturnedintootherproducts.Theresearchershaveonlymadethetransformationinalaboratorysettingsofar,buttheysuggestturningtheprocesstoacommercialscale（規(guī)模）maynotbefaroff.Andconsideringthe300milliontonsofplasticintotheenvironmenteveryyear,thatdaycan'tcomesoonenough.Butitwillcomeintime.（1）Whyistheplasticforkmentionedinparagraph1?Toindicatethehopelessfutureofhumanlife.Tofigureoutthesolutiontoreducingplastics.Toshowtheseriousnessoftheplasticproblem.Totellpeopletogiveupanunhealthylifestyle.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutSlat'ssystem?ItprovesharmfultothePacific. B.Ithasbeenabandonedcompletely.C.Ithasreceivedmanypeople'sopposition.D.Itmetwithdifficultywhilebeingcarriedout.（3）WhatistheadvantageofWang'ssystem?A.Itcansavefishintheocean.Itcanrecycleandreuseplastic.Itcansurelylowerthepricesofgasandfuel.Itcanmakeplasticproductsmoreaffordable.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsWang'ssystem?A.Hopeful. B.Disapproving. C.Cautious. D.Uncertain.【答案】（1）CDBA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了LindaWang的新系統(tǒng)，它可以回收利用塑料。（1）考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的 “That'showthingsarelooking.Anyway,foraworldsousedtodisposablehabits,anyhopeforasolutionalsoincreasinglyseemstobeburied.可知，人們習慣了使用像塑料叉子之類的塑料制品，以至于找到解決塑料問題的解決方案的機會很渺茫。由此可推斷，文章提到塑料叉子是為了表明塑料問題的嚴重性。故選 C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據第二段中的 “Notlongafteritstarted，Slat'ssystemexperienced'materialfatiguelikelytheresultofbeingstrainedbyallthattrash.在啟動后不久，Slat的系統(tǒng)”就經歷了“材料疲勞 ”，這可能是所有垃圾造成的?？赏茢啵?Slat的系統(tǒng)在實施的過程中遇到了困難。故選 D。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段中的 “YetWang,alongwithotherresearchersatPurdue,mayhaveasolutionnotonlytothisplasticproblem,butalsotothegrowingneedforcleanenergy.Herteamhasdevelopedasystemthatturnswaste,adurable,lightweightmaterialthataccountsforaboutaquarterofallplasticwaste,intoahighlypureformofgasoline.然而，王和普渡大學的其他研究人員可能不僅解決了這個塑料問題，而且解決了對清潔能源日益增長的需求。她的團隊已經開發(fā)出一種系統(tǒng)，可以將廢物 （一種耐用、重量輕的材料，約占所有塑料廢物的四分之一 ）轉化為高純度的汽油?？芍?Wang的系統(tǒng)可以回收利用塑料。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的“…thataycan'tcomesoonenough.Butitwillcomeintime.那一天來得越早越好。但它遲早會到來?？赏茢?，作者對”Wang的系統(tǒng)滿懷希望。故選 A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．(2019?江蘇)請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造業(yè))withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"borderlessworld".Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto.A.alackofconfidenceintechnology B.aslowprogressintechnologyC.aconflictofpublicopinions D.awasteoflimitedresourcesTheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould.takepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccountmaketheirprogrammesattractivetopeopleensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupportprovidemoreaffordableinternetfacilitiesWhathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.【答案】（1）DABB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了對信息技術的過分迷戀對國家，對個人，對慈善事業(yè)都會有不利的影響。1）細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的 “However,theyhavereakimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.”可知，對信息技術的錯誤判斷會導致有限資源的錯誤使用，也就是資源的浪費，故選 D。2）推理判斷題。根據第四段中的 “Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.可知，與其給那些 ”貧困地區(qū)孩子筆記本電腦或者建網絡中心，還不如給錢打井，鋪電網或者生產他們買得起的洗衣機，這些東西更能改善他們的生活。作者不是說這些東西一定更重要，但是很多捐贈者沒有仔細考慮捐贈的東西的長期成本，因此作者建議捐贈者要考慮接受捐贈的人的實際情況，而不是一味地追求信息化，故選 A。3）推理判斷題。根據第五段 “Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"borderlessworld".以及Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.可知，對新東西的迷戀讓人 ”們認為如今通訊技術和交通的變革讓我們生活在一個無國界的世界。正是認為我們生活在這樣一個世界，很多政府取消了關于跨國界的資本、勞動力以及商品流動的法律法規(guī)，故選B。4）推理判斷題。根據第三段 “ThefascinationwiththeICT（InformationandCommunicationTechnology）revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector（制造業(yè)）withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.可知，對互聯(lián)網呈現(xiàn)的通訊技術變革的迷戀 ”讓很多富裕國家做出一個錯誤的結論，制造產品已經過時了，他們應該靠創(chuàng)意生活，因而忽略了制造業(yè)，從而對經濟造成不利影響，故可知，傳統(tǒng)的技術依然有它的地位，不能被新興的信息技術取代，故選B。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解Plasticsludge（污泥）andgarbageisadisasterfortheworld'soceans.Afilmcrewtraveledtheglobetodocumenttherubbish.AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem."Halfofthewasteactuallysinkstothebottom,andthatremainsonthesurfaceactuallybreaksdown. ”Thefilmmakersfoundrubbishinoceangyres,thecirculatingcurrentsthattraplargeconcentrationsofpollutionintheAtlantic,Indian,andPacifcOceans,homeofwhatsomehaveplastic.Whatwefoundwasaplasticsmogthatspreadthroughoutallthewater.Andinsomepartsoftheoceans,scientistshavefoundmoreplasticthanplant. ”Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain,sometimesvisibly,andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel,wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants."Thereareheavymetals,medicines,industrialwasteinthesea,whileitactslikemagnets( 磁鐵).Thesepoisonoussubstancesabsorbontheplastic,andthenwhenseafoodabsorbstheplastics,thosepoisonoussubstancesenterthefattytissues. "Tobeconsumedbyothersealifeandbypeopleatlast.China,Indonesia,thePhilippines,ThailandandVietnamaretheworstplasticpolluters.TheUnitedStates,althoughaleaderinrecycling,isoneoftheworld's20sinceitproducesandconsumessomuchplastic.Thereareeffortsaroundtheworldtoaddresstheproblem,includingatthisnewlyopenedrecyclingcenterinLebanon(黎巴嫩).ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando."CutbackonsunseeDlastics,straws,plasticcups,plasticwaterbottles,plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials. "Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.There'sallislandfullofplasticrubbishinthePacific.Thebadeffectofplasticpollutioncan'tbeseenbyeyes.TheUnitedStatesistheleastplasticpolluters.Theplasticpollutiontooceansismoreseriousthanwhatwecansee.Whatdoestheunderlinedword "it"refertoinparagraph3?A.Pollutantslikeheavymetalsandmedicines.B.Theplasticparticles.C.Seafood. D.Fattytissues.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?AllAsiancountrieshavethemostseriousproblemofplasticpollution.Theplasticproblemhasn'tattractedtheworld'sattention.Andersenisnotsatisfiedwithwhathasbeendonetosolvetheplasticproblem,Peopleshouldstopusingplasticproductsimmediately.Whichmaybethetitleofthepassage?PlasticpollutionintheWorld.Plasticpollution—Oceans'Disaster.Waystosolvetheproblemofplasticpollutiontooceans.Plasticpollutionandourhealth.【答案】(1)D⑵BCB【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了塑料污染對海洋導致的影響。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第三句： AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem.可知，塑料海洋基金會的朱莉安德森說，我們看到的只是問題的冰山一角。故可推測塑料對海洋的污染比我們所看到的更嚴重，故選D。2）詞義猜測題。根據 Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain，sometimesvisibly，andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel，wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants."Thereareheavymetals，medicines，industrialwasteinthesea，whileitactslikemagnets（磁鐵）.可知，塑料垃圾碎片在微觀層面感染食物鏈，有時是明顯的，塑料顆粒與其他污染物相互作用.海洋中有重金屬，藥物，工業(yè)廢物，使其像磁鐵一樣 .it指代的是塑料顆粒。故選 B。3）推理判斷題。根據 ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando."Cutbackonsingle-useplastics，straws，plasticcups，plasticwaterbottles，plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials."Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.可知，安德森說人們還可以做更多事情來預防污染，可推測出安德森對于目前解決塑料問題所做的工作不滿意。故選C。4）主旨大意題。閱讀全文，根據文章內容可知，本文主要講述了塑料污染海洋災害。故選 B。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇說明類閱讀，要求考生先從問題中抓住關鍵性詞語（題眼），然后以此為線索，運用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關的：段落、語句，仔細品味，同時根據上下文進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。．閱讀理解TheArtInstituteofChicagoVisitingtimeThemuseumisopendaily10:30am-5:00pm.ThemuseumanditsshopsareclosedonThanksgivingDay,ChristmasDay,andNewYear'sDay.HighlightsoftheArtInstituteAmericanArtDiscoverhowartistshaveexpressedthemanyaspectsoftheAmericanexperiencethroughtherichvarietyofthiscollection.ThistourmightincludetheworksofartistslikePaulRevere,WinslowHomer,andGeorgiaO'Keeffe.Impressionism:Monet,Degas,RenoirandMoreLearnaboutthecolorandexcitementoflate19th-centurylifeasyouviewoneofthemostadmiredcollectionsofFrenchImpressionismintheworld.HiddenHistoriesHearstoriesaboutartistsandtheirartworksthatmaybeoverlookedorunder-appreciatedforonereasonoranother■Thesecouldbeverysmallorout-of-the-wayworks.ForfamilieswithchildrenWithfreeadmissionforkidsunder14andChicagoteensunder18,theArtInstituteistheperfectplaceforacreativeoutingwiththewholefamily.VisittheFamilyRoomintheRyanEducationCenter,andintroduceyourchildrentothemuseum'scollectionswithavarietyofactivities.Assemble(組裝)puzzlesbasedonmasterpiecesinthemuseum,buildarchitecturalwonderswithcolorfulblocks,andlearnaboutartthroughstoriesandgames.Foodisavailableatanon-sitecafe.(Outsidefoodisnotallowedtobebroughtin.)WhatcanvisitorslearnfromHiddenHistories?A.Theearlystoriesofsomefamousartists. B.Theartworksofsomepotentialartists.C.Somestoriesaboutless-knownartists. D.Someartworksbyfamouscreators.WhatcanchildrendointheFamilyRoom?A.Practicestorytellingskills. B.Decoratesomemasterpieces.C.Enjoytheirhome-madefood. D.Takepartinvariousactivities.【答案】(1)C⑵D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了芝加哥美術館的參觀時間、美術館的亮點、隱藏的歷史，同時還有針對有孩子的家庭的活動。(1)考查細節(jié)理解。根據HiddenHistories部分中的“Hearstoriesaboutartistsandtheirartworksthatmaybeoverlookedorunder-appreciatedforonereasonoranother.,參觀者可以了解到一些被忽視的、被低估的鮮為人所知的藝術家的故事和作品。故選 Co(2)考查細節(jié)理解。根據Forfamilieswithchildren部分中的” introduce yourchildrentothemuseum'scollectionswithavarietyofactivities可知，在這里孩子們能參加各種各樣的活動。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并結合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。.閱讀理解EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofTelevisionandRadioArtists(SAG-AFTRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainst11videogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2015.Thecompaniesincludesomeoftheheavyweightsoftheindustry,likeElectronicArtsProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandDisney.Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2014.Overall,thestrikeisanefforttoprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongwithotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set(制作中)safetyprecautions.Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.TheLosAngelesTimesreportsthattheindustryisinthemidstofanintenseincreaseincashflow.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionindomesticrevenue.ButSAG-AFTRAsaysvoiceactorsdon'treceiveresiduals(追力口酬金)fortheirgamingwork.Instead,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichistypicallyabout$825forastandardfour-hourvocalsession.Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation—aperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million."It'saverysmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,"saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,who'samemberoftheunion'snegotiatingcommittee."Thisisanimportantaspectofwhatitmeanstobeafreelance(從事自由職業(yè)的)performer,whoisn'tregularlyenjoyedeverysingledayworkingonprojects."Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsisthesecrecyoftheindustry."Ican'timagineifthere'sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon'tknowwhatshowyou'rein,whenyou'rehired,"saysvoiceactorKeytheFarley,whochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee."Andyetthathappenseverydayinthevideogameworld,"FarleytoldreportersduringapressconferenceFriday."IwasamaincharacterinFallout4,acharacterbythenameofKellogg,andIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatgamethroughouttheyearandahalf."ScottWitlin,thelawyerrepresentingthevideogamecompanies,saysvoiceactors"representlessthanonetenthoflpercentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame."So"eventhoughthey'rethetopcraftsmenintheirfield,"Witlinsays,"ifwepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthework,that'sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies."WhydidSAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstsomevideogamepublishers?Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlyinthe19monthsoftalks.Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.Thenegotia