PlantHormoneSignaltransductionpathway植物激素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路-課件

PlantHormoneSignal

transductionpathway

PlantHormoneSignal

transduc1TalkOutlineGeneralintroductiontocellsignalingtransductionpathwaysinplant.Differentplanthormonesandtheirphysiologicalfunctioninplants.Comparisonbetweenplanthormonesandanimalhormonesaction.Waysorapproachesinstudyingplanthormonesignalingtransductionpathways.Molecularmechanismofvariousplanthormonesignaltransductionpathways(a)ubiquitin-dependentproteindegradation

(negativeregulator)(b)towcomponentsystem(phospho-relay).

6.

Manipulationofplantgrowthanddevelopmentwithknowledgefromplanthormonesignaltransductionpathway.ex.Secondgreenrevolution.TalkOutlineGeneralintroducti2AnalogyviewofcellsignalingtransductionpathwayInput(command)KeyboardSignalperceptionEndogenous:phytohormoneExogenous:environmentalcueCPU(CentralProcessingUnit)ChipSignalTransduction

NetworkCompiling,Integration,processingOutput(performance)PrinterSignalResponseMorphogenesischange,GrowthdevelopmentdifferentiationAnalogyviewofcellsignaling3PlantHormoneSignaltransductionpathway植物激素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路-課件4VarioussignalingtransductionpathwaysinplantsCalcium(Ca+2)signaling(regulatorynetwork)LipidsignalingtransductionpathwayReactiveoxygenspecies(ROS)signalingNitricoxide(NO)signalingtransductionpathwaySugarsensingresponsivepathwayWounding-signaltransductionpathway(plant-pathogeninteraction)LightsignalingresponsivepathwayBiologicalo’clock(circadianrhythm)regulatorypathwayVarioussignalingtransduction5Developmentregulatorypathwaye.g.flowering(autonomous),lead,root,trichomeformationrootapicalmeristem(RAM)shootapicalmeristem(SAM)formationpolarityandcellcytoskeletonrearrangement

Specificcellfatedeterminationanddifferentiation(Xylemandphloemspecification,rootorganization(patterning))Abioticstresssignalingpathways(salt,drought,heat,cold,metal,vernalizationetc.)Planthormonesignalingtransduction(auxin,ethylene,cytokinin,gibberellin,abscisicacid,brasinosteroid,jasmonicacidetc.)Developmentregulatorypathway6DefinitionofplanthormoneThewordhormoneisderivedfromtheGreekverbmeaningtoexcite.hormonesareorganicsubstancessynthesizedinonetissueandtransportedoutwheretheirpresenceresultsinphysiologicalresponses(notalwaystrue;mayactatorclosetosynthesissite).Theyarerequiredinminuteamounts(10-6to10-8M).3. Eachhormonemayresultinmultipleeffects--theparticulareffectdependingonanumberoffactors:(a)thepresenceofotherhormonesandthepresenceofactivatormolecules(calcium,sugars)(b)theamountofthehormone(dosageorconcentration)(c)thesensitivityofthattissuetothehormone.(d)theconditionoftheplantitselfiscritical:whatistheconditionoftheplant?itsage?

Siteofactionxdevelopmentalstagexconcentrationofhormone?Crosstalkandspecificity?

DefinitionofplanthormoneThe7ChemicalStructuresofthePlantHormones

ChemicalStructuresofthePla8planthormonessynthesissitesandtheirmajorfunctionsplanthormonessynthesissites9EffectsofplanthormonesonplantgrowthanddevelopmentEmbryogenesis(Celldivision,expansion,differentiationandcelldeath)SenescenceEffectsofplanthormonesonp10Whatisthedifferencebetweenplanthormonesandanimalhormones?Whatisthedifferencebetween11

Mainapproachesusedtostudyplanthormoneperception,signaltransductionbiosynthesisandresponsesMoleculargeneticsapproach

hormonebiosyntheticmutantsvs.hormoneinsensitivemutants2.

Biochemistryapproach

hormonebindingprotein(photo-affinityprobe,affinitychromatography,immunopurification)3.

Inhibitorapproach

kinase/phosphatase,G-protein,PKCetcinhibitors

2.Biochemistryapproach12PlantHormoneSignaltransductionpathway植物激素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路-課件13Science,2019Science,201914DissectplanthormonesignaltransductionpathwaysbymoleculargeneticanalysisDissectplanthormonesignalt15Chronologicaleventsandpersonsinvolvedinidentificationofdifferenthormonereceptors2019(CHLH,GCR2)Chronologicaleventsandperso16Summaryofmolecularcomponentsinvolved

inplanthormonesignalingtransduction

Auxin:

TIR1:F-boxprotein(Ubiquitinconjugatedligase) PIN1(pin-formed1) Aux/IAArepressorEthylene:histidinekinaseRaf-likekinaseCTR1MitogenactivatedproteinkinasecascadeCytokinin: phosphorelay(two-componentsystem)4. Gibberellin: GproteinandDELLAprotein hexosamine(NAcGlu)5. Abscisicacid: PP2Cprotein,SnRKproteinkinase FarnesylationBrasinosteroid:BRI1(LRR-RLK)Summaryofmolecularcomponent17Anoverviewoftheubiquitinationprocess

inplantsAnnalsofBotany99:787-822(2019)E1;UBA,ubiquitinactivatingenzymeE2:UBC,ubiquitinconjugatingenzymeE3:ubiquitinproteinligaseRBX:ring-boxproteinCUL:cullinCRL:cullinringligaseHECT:homologoustoE6-APCOOHterminusRING:reallyinterestingnewgeneproteindomainSCF:SKP1-Cullin-F-boxSKP:SphasekinaseassociatedproteinF-box:SKP/ASKinteractionmotifincyclinFAnoverviewoftheubiquitinat18Biologicalsignificanceofubiquitin/proteosomesystem(UPS)inplantsUPSwasinvolvedindifferentprocessesofplantlife,includingorganinitiationandembryogenesispatterning,lightsignalling,circadianclockregulation,hormoneproduction,perceptionandsignaltransduction,andinplantdefence.2. Thecovalentattachmentofubiquitintoasubstrateproteinchangesitsfate.Notably,proteinstypicallytaggedwithalysine48-linkedpolyubiquitinchainbecomesubstratesfordegradationbythe26S proteasome.Over6%(1,500genes)ofthepredictedarabidopsisgenomeencodesproteinsinvolvedintheUPS,andanalysesofotherplantgenomesdemonstrateasimilarabundanceofUPS-relatedgenes. E1(1);E2(1);UEV(8);E3(mastabundant):HECT(7);Ring(450);U-domain(61);cullin(11);F-box(700)BTB(80)Biologicalsignificanceofubi19Comparisonbetweenauxinandgibberellin

signalingpathwayDevelopment133,1857-1869(2019)Comparisonbetweenauxinandg20PlantHormoneSignaltransductionpathway植物激素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路-課件21CrystalstructureoftheTIR1–ASK1complexwithauxinandtheIAA7degronpeptideauxinfunctionasa‘molecularglue’toenhanceTIR1–substrateinteractionsNature446,2019CrystalstructureoftheTIR1–22Phenotypesassociatedwiththeauxin

andgibberellinreceptormutants

Development133,1857-1869(2019)Phenotypesassociatedwiththe23Brassinosteroidsignalingpathway

Development133,1857-1869(2019)Brassinosteroidsignalingpath24Phenotypesassociatedwiththebrassinosteroid,

ethylene,cytokininandabscisicacidreceptormutants

Development133,1857-1869(2019)Phenotypesassociatedwiththe25Abscisicacidreceptors:multiplesignal-perception

sitesAnnalsofBotany1–7,2019FCAisanuclearreceptorforABAcontrolingflowering.ABAR/CHLHisaplastidreceptorforABAcontrollingmajorABAresponse.GCR2isaplasmamembranereceptorforABAcontrollingABAphysiologicalresponse.“ABA-bindingpocket”Abscisicacidreceptors:multi26Majortranscriptionfactorsandcis-regulatoryelementsinvolvedinabscisicacid‘‘ABA-dependent’’stressresponses

PhysiologiaPlantarum126:519–527.2019Majortranscriptionfactorsan27Compositionofthetransmembranephytohormonereceptors

Development133,1857-1869(2019)Compositionofthetransmembra28Ethyleneandcytokinin

signalingpathways(twocomponentsystem)

Development133,1857-1869(2019)Ethyleneandcytokinin

signali29GeneticmanipulationofGA

metabolismorsignaltransductionpathway?

(secondGreenRevolution?)GeneticmanipulationofGA

met30Thanksforyourattention!Thanksforyourattention!Thanksforyourattention!Than31PlantHormoneSignal

transductionpathway

PlantHormoneSignal

transduc32TalkOutlineGeneralintroductiontocellsignalingtransductionpathwaysinplant.Differentplanthormonesandtheirphysiologicalfunctioninplants.Comparisonbetweenplanthormonesandanimalhormonesaction.Waysorapproachesinstudyingplanthormonesignalingtransductionpathways.Molecularmechanismofvariousplanthormonesignaltransductionpathways(a)ubiquitin-dependentproteindegradation

(negativeregulator)(b)towcomponentsystem(phospho-relay).

6.

Manipulationofplantgrowthanddevelopmentwithknowledgefromplanthormonesignaltransductionpathway.ex.Secondgreenrevolution.TalkOutlineGeneralintroducti33AnalogyviewofcellsignalingtransductionpathwayInput(command)KeyboardSignalperceptionEndogenous:phytohormoneExogenous:environmentalcueCPU(CentralProcessingUnit)ChipSignalTransduction

NetworkCompiling,Integration,processingOutput(performance)PrinterSignalResponseMorphogenesischange,GrowthdevelopmentdifferentiationAnalogyviewofcellsignaling34PlantHormoneSignaltransductionpathway植物激素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路-課件35VarioussignalingtransductionpathwaysinplantsCalcium(Ca+2)signaling(regulatorynetwork)LipidsignalingtransductionpathwayReactiveoxygenspecies(ROS)signalingNitricoxide(NO)signalingtransductionpathwaySugarsensingresponsivepathwayWounding-signaltransductionpathway(plant-pathogeninteraction)LightsignalingresponsivepathwayBiologicalo’clock(circadianrhythm)regulatorypathwayVarioussignalingtransduction36Developmentregulatorypathwaye.g.flowering(autonomous),lead,root,trichomeformationrootapicalmeristem(RAM)shootapicalmeristem(SAM)formationpolarityandcellcytoskeletonrearrangement

Specificcellfatedeterminationanddifferentiation(Xylemandphloemspecification,rootorganization(patterning))Abioticstresssignalingpathways(salt,drought,heat,cold,metal,vernalizationetc.)Planthormonesignalingtransduction(auxin,ethylene,cytokinin,gibberellin,abscisicacid,brasinosteroid,jasmonicacidetc.)Developmentregulatorypathway37DefinitionofplanthormoneThewordhormoneisderivedfromtheGreekverbmeaningtoexcite.hormonesareorganicsubstancessynthesizedinonetissueandtransportedoutwheretheirpresenceresultsinphysiologicalresponses(notalwaystrue;mayactatorclosetosynthesissite).Theyarerequiredinminuteamounts(10-6to10-8M).3. Eachhormonemayresultinmultipleeffects--theparticulareffectdependingonanumberoffactors:(a)thepresenceofotherhormonesandthepresenceofactivatormolecules(calcium,sugars)(b)theamountofthehormone(dosageorconcentration)(c)thesensitivityofthattissuetothehormone.(d)theconditionoftheplantitselfiscritical:whatistheconditionoftheplant?itsage?

Siteofactionxdevelopmentalstagexconcentrationofhormone?Crosstalkandspecificity?

DefinitionofplanthormoneThe38ChemicalStructuresofthePlantHormones

ChemicalStructuresofthePla39planthormonessynthesissitesandtheirmajorfunctionsplanthormonessynthesissites40EffectsofplanthormonesonplantgrowthanddevelopmentEmbryogenesis(Celldivision,expansion,differentiationandcelldeath)SenescenceEffectsofplanthormonesonp41Whatisthedifferencebetweenplanthormonesandanimalhormones?Whatisthedifferencebetween42

Mainapproachesusedtostudyplanthormoneperception,signaltransductionbiosynthesisandresponsesMoleculargeneticsapproach

hormonebiosyntheticmutantsvs.hormoneinsensitivemutants2.

Biochemistryapproach

hormonebindingprotein(photo-affinityprobe,affinitychromatography,immunopurification)3.

Inhibitorapproach

kinase/phosphatase,G-protein,PKCetcinhibitors

2.Biochemistryapproach43PlantHormoneSignaltransductionpathway植物激素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路-課件44Science,2019Science,201945DissectplanthormonesignaltransductionpathwaysbymoleculargeneticanalysisDissectplanthormonesignalt46Chronologicaleventsandpersonsinvolvedinidentificationofdifferenthormonereceptors2019(CHLH,GCR2)Chronologicaleventsandperso47Summaryofmolecularcomponentsinvolved

inplanthormonesignalingtransduction

Auxin:

TIR1:F-boxprotein(Ubiquitinconjugatedligase) PIN1(pin-formed1) Aux/IAArepressorEthylene:histidinekinaseRaf-likekinaseCTR1MitogenactivatedproteinkinasecascadeCytokinin: phosphorelay(two-componentsystem)4. Gibberellin: GproteinandDELLAprotein hexosamine(NAcGlu)5. Abscisicacid: PP2Cprotein,SnRKproteinkinase FarnesylationBrasinosteroid:BRI1(LRR-RLK)Summaryofmolecularcomponent48Anoverviewoftheubiquitinationprocess

inplantsAnnalsofBotany99:787-822(2019)E1;UBA,ubiquitinactivatingenzymeE2:UBC,ubiquitinconjugatingenzymeE3:ubiquitinproteinligaseRBX:ring-boxproteinCUL:cullinCRL:cullinringligaseHECT:homologoustoE6-APCOOHterminusRING:reallyinterestingnewgeneproteindomainSCF:SKP1-Cullin-F-boxSKP:SphasekinaseassociatedproteinF-box:SKP/ASKinteractionmotifincyclinFAnoverviewoftheubiquitinat49Biologicalsignificanceofubiquitin/proteosomesystem(UPS)inplantsUPSwasinvolvedindifferentprocessesofplantlife,includingorganinitiationandembryogenesispatterning,lightsignalling,circadianclockregulation,hormoneproduction,perceptionandsignaltransduction,andinplantdefence.2. Thecovalentattachmentofubiquitintoasubstrateproteinchangesitsfate.Notably,proteinstypicallytaggedwithalysine48-linkedpolyubiquitinchainbecomesubstratesfordegradationbythe26S proteasome.Over6%(1,500genes)ofthepredictedarabidopsisgenomeencodesproteinsinvolvedintheUPS,andanalysesofotherplantgenomesdemonstrateasimilarabundanceofUPS-relatedgenes. E1(1);E2(1);UEV(8);E3(mastabundant):HECT(7);Ring(450);U-domain(61);cullin(11);F-box(700)BTB(80)Biologicalsignificanceofubi50Comparisonbetweenauxinandgibberellin

signalingpathwayDevelopment133,1857-1869(2019)Comparisonbetweenauxinandg51PlantHormoneSignaltransductionpathway植物激素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路-課件52CrystalstructureoftheTIR1–ASK1complex