Unit 3 詞匯句式講解及同步訓(xùn)練含答案 高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

Unit3SportsandfitnessUnit3Sportsandfitness1.athleten.運動員;運動健兒*DaleyThompsonwasagreatathlete.戴利·湯普森是一位著名的運動員。(1)athletic adj.運動的(2)athetics n.體育運動,田徑針對練習(xí)：用athlete的正確形式填空(1)Agood______shouldhaveskill,strengthandspeed.(2Thoughshewasvery__________talented,itwassaidthatgolfwashersport.KEYS：athlete/athetically2.honourn.榮譽;尊敬;榮幸vt.尊敬;以……為榮*Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.作為一名運動員,郎平給她的國家?guī)砹藰s耀。(1)senseofhonour 正義感(2)be/feelhonoured(todosth.) (做某事)感到榮幸針對練習(xí)：用honour的正確形式填空(1)I’m_________byyourconfidenceinme.(2)Heisamanwithasenseof_______.KEYS：honoured/honour3.determinationn.決心;決定*WhentheChineseteamwaspreparingforthe2015WorldCup,herdeterminationwastested.當(dāng)中國隊備戰(zhàn)2015年世界杯的時候,她的決心受到了考驗。(1)determine vt.&vi.(使)下決心,(使)做出決定(2)determined adj.確定的;堅定的;毅然的針對練習(xí)：用determine的正確形式填空(1)He__________torescuehistwocountrymen.(2)Therewasanexpressionof_____________onherface.KEYS：determined/determination4.setanexample樹立榜樣Thechampionssetagreatexamplefortheyounginourcountry.冠軍們?yōu)槲覈哪贻p人樹立了好榜樣。(1)give/takeanexample 舉例(2)followtheexampleofsb. 學(xué)習(xí)某人的榜樣針對練習(xí)：(1)LeiFeng__________________inservingthepeopleheartandsoul.雷鋒為我們樹立了全心全意為人民服務(wù)的榜樣。KEYS：setanexampleforus5.Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured,andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.最好的隊員之一受傷了,隊長因心臟問題離隊了。

【句式解構(gòu)】hadbeeninjured是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。過去完成時指在過去某動作發(fā)生前完成的動作,即“過去的過去”,用“had+過去分詞”表示。在這里,hadbeeninjured與后半句theteamcaptainhadtoleave...形成參照,指這名優(yōu)秀隊員受傷在前,隊長因心臟問題離隊在后。*BythetimeIrushedtothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.當(dāng)我趕到火車站時,火車已經(jīng)開走了【名師點津】過去完成時的被動語態(tài)的三種形式(1)肯定結(jié)構(gòu):主語+hadbeendone+其他成分(2)否定結(jié)構(gòu):主語+hadnotbeendone+其他成分(3)疑問句結(jié)構(gòu):had+主語+beendone+其他成分針對練習(xí)：(1)Thepolicefoundthatthehouse_______________(break)intoandalotofthingsstolen.

(2)Hesaid15peoplehad___________(injure),twoofthemadmittedtohospital.KEYS：hadbeenbroken/beeninjured6.legendn.傳奇故事(或人物);傳說*Legendhasitthatthelakewasformedbythetearsofagod.據(jù)傳說這個湖是由一位神仙的眼淚積聚而成的。(1)legendhasitthat...據(jù)傳說……(2)legendary adj.傳奇的;傳說的;極其著名的針對練習(xí)：用legend的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Iwasstudyingatthe_________ShaolinTemple,knownasthebirthplaceofKungfu.(2)Hehasbecomea______inmilitaryhistoryKEYS：legendary/legend7.gloryn.榮譽;光榮;贊美;壯觀*Idoalltheworkandhegetsalltheglory.活兒都是我干,榮譽都是他得。針對練習(xí)：用glory的正確形式填空(1)Itisnotrightto______warandviolenceinmodernfilms.(2)Harrisonhada_______careerofmorethansixdecades.KEYS：glorify/glorious8.strengthn.力量;體力*Thementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.他展現(xiàn)出的精神力量使他獨一無二。energy能量;

精力,

可以指物理學(xué)中的能量、能源,

用于人時則指體力和精力force力,

力量,

通常指外力,

如物體相撞時產(chǎn)生的力量power力,

力量,

泛指一切力量、能力、動力源等strength力氣,

力量,

通常指體力或人、事物等擁有的實力【知識延伸】adj.+-th→n.構(gòu)詞法:形容詞+-th→名詞strong強的→strength強度,力量long長的→length長度deep深的→depth深度,深處wide寬的→width寬度young年輕的→youth青春,青年warm溫暖的→warmth溫暖;暖和針對練習(xí)：用strength,force和power填空(1)The______oftrainsisusuallymadeofsteamorelectricity.(2)Ournational________hasincreasedsince1982.KEYS：power/strength9.fallapart破裂;破碎;崩潰*Theropebridgebreaksinthemiddleandbothhalvesfallapart.索橋從中間斷了,兩頭塌了下去(1)fallinlove 墜入愛河;愛上某人(2)falldown 跌倒;失敗;倒塌知識歸納Unit3知識歸納Asan

athlete,Ilikeallkindsofsports,suchas

soccer,boxing,badminton,skiing,

and

trackandfield

sportslike

marathon

and

jogging.Iwon

championships

inmanysports

events.Igotnotonly

medals

formyself,butalso

honour

and

glory

formycountry.Overtheyears,Ihavebeeninspiredbytheapplauseof

millions

Ofaudience.

RecentlyIhaveputonweightandI'mafraidmyhealthwill

fallapart.

SoIwillgoona

diet

with

determination

andtrytobe

slim

and

graceful.

Iknowthatexerciseand

dieting

will

makeabigdifference

toone's

fitness.

Ido

push-ups

everyday,andnever

cut

it

out.Ithinkit

makessense

todoso.My

fitness

hasimprovedalot

comparedwith

thepast.Inaddition,Ihavealwaysbeenagainstcheatinginsports,against

pretending

tofall,andtriedtoavoid

errors

inmatches.Richardisgoodat

gymnastics

andisa

legend.

Nowandthen,heisseen

workingout

ina

gym

or

stadium.Henever

givesup

training

evenif/though

heis

injured.Meetingwith

failures

hefacesthembravely

ratherthanlosingheart.Once,hetookpartinthe

gymnasticschampionshiphosted

byChinato

compete

withtheworld'sgymnasticsmasters.Inspiteofhisleg

injury

andmental

stress,hehadthe

determination

tobecomethe

champion.

Encouragedbyhis

captain,who

camealong

withhim,hegatheredallhis

strength

andfinally

madeit.Nosweetwithoutsweat.He

setapositiveexample

forallthe

athletes.課堂檢測課堂檢測詞詞 匯 闖 關(guān)一、單詞拼寫1.Thetwoplayers____________________(競爭)witheachotherforagoldmedal.2.Wangcollectedmorethan____________________(百萬)oldbricksofdifferentages.3.Tomwascaught___________________(作弊)intheChineseexam.4.Thenewsongispopularwiththe____________________(聽眾).5.Youwillwanttocontinuetofocuson___________________(積極的)choices.6.BecauseMaryisonadiet,sheisbecoming_________________(苗條)thanbefore.7.Accordingtothedoctor,_______________(慢跑)isgoodforourheart.8.Thelittlegirlcan’tfallasleepbecauseoftoomuch_____________(壓力).9.Ilikevolleyballand(體操),whichIdomostoftheyear.10.Shehasalwaysbeenencouragedtoswimtobuildupthe(力量)ofhermuscles.選選 擇 填 空二、用所給詞的正確形式填空單項選擇11.Whenthebosscamein,theworkerspretended______hardontheirmachines.A.towork B.tobeworkingC.tohaveworked D.working12.Tomysurprise,myauntDianeis________achemistryteacher,sheisalsointerestedinmodernart.A.otherthan B.morethan C.lessthan D.ratherthan13.Theteacher’svoicestillremainedcalm______shewasgettingannoyed.A.aslongas B.evenif C.asif D.nowthat14.Keepontryingevenwhenyouareintrouble,________?A.willyou B.doyou C.shallyou D.can’tyou15.Youlookverytiredandyoumusthavebeenpreparingforthecomingexaminationyesterdayevening,_________you?A.didn’tyou B.haven’t C.weren’t D.hadn’t16.Don’tmentionthatatthebeginningofthestory,oritmay_____theshockingend.A.giveout B.giveawayC.giveup D.giveoff17.Sorry,dear.It’smy_____tohaveyoutaketabletsby____.A.mistake;error B.fault;mistakeC.error;fault D.fault;error18.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,don’tloseheart!Everythingwillallrightintheend.A.goout B.workout C.fallout D.figureout19.Compareyouranswers______thesequestions_____thoseofyourclassmates.A.to,with B.with,to C.to,to D.with,with20.—Youmusthaveknowneachotherforages________?—No.Igottoknowhimjustyesterday.A.mustn’tyou B.didn’tyou C.don’tyou D.haven’tyou語語篇 課 文三、翻譯21.如果你定期鍛煉，你一定會減肥的。(workout;loseweight)22.在鍛煉的時候，即使我們遇到了困難，我們也不能放棄。(evenif；workout)23.如果我們有信心，我們一定能成功。（makeit）24.經(jīng)常鍛煉的人可以保持身體健康。（keepfit）25.許多運動員面對失敗不灰心，給我們做出了好的榜樣。（loseheart;setanexample）答案與解析答案與解析一、單詞拼寫【答案】1.competed 2.million 3.cheating 4.audience 5.positive6.slimmer 7.jogging 8.stress 9.gymnastics 10.strength二、單項選擇11.【答案】B【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：老板進來時，工人們假裝在機器上努力工作。固定結(jié)構(gòu)：pretendtobedoingsth.“假裝正在做某事”。故選B。12.【答案】B【解析】考查短語辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，我的黛安娜阿姨不僅是一名化學(xué)老師，她還對現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)感興趣。A.otherthan除了，不同于；B.morethan超過，不僅是；C.lessthan不超過；D.ratherthan而不是，寧可。根據(jù)句意可知選B。13.【答案】B【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。A.aslongas只要；B.evenif盡管；C.asif好像；D.nowthat既然。句意：盡管老師生氣了，但她的聲音仍然很平靜。根據(jù)前后兩句的句意可知，它們是讓步關(guān)系，因此用evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故選B。14.【答案】A【解析】考查反意疑問句。當(dāng)陳述部分為祈使句，其反義疑問句常用willyou,won’tyou,wouldyou等。Would表示有禮貌的請求，will語氣直率，won’tyou語氣則更加強烈。選項中沒有其他兩項，故選A。句意：當(dāng)你在困境的時候也要努力，好嗎？15.【答案】C【解析】當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞must表示“必須”時，疑問部分用mustn’t或needn’t。但若表推測時，不能用must，而要根據(jù)陳述部分must之后的動詞而定。該句子中有明確的過去時間，反意疑問部分要用didn’t+主語，故本題中選C。16.【答案】B【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A.giveout分發(fā)；B.giveaway泄露；C.giveup放棄；D.giveoff發(fā)出（光）。句意：不要在故事的開頭提到它，否則會泄露令人震驚的結(jié)局。根據(jù)“theshockingend”可知，此處表示“泄露”，故B項正確。17.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對不起，讓你服錯了藥是我的過錯。fault，強調(diào)過錯，過失，多指小錯誤。bymistake錯誤地，所以B正確。18.【答案】B【解析】考查動詞詞組。A.goout出去；B.workout解決；C.fallout失和，脫落；D.figureout理解，弄清。當(dāng)你遇到困難的時候不要喪失信心，最后一切都會好起來的。故選B。19.【答案】A【解析】考查介詞。句意：把你的答案和你那些同學(xué)的答案比較一下。短語answerstoquestions“問題的答案”，需用介詞to連接，故排除B、D選項；句子主干是“comparesth.withsth.”比較兩個對應(yīng)的物，應(yīng)用介詞with，故選A。20.【答案】D【解析】考查反義疑問句。句意：——你們一定認(rèn)識很久了，不是嗎?——不。我昨天才認(rèn)識他。當(dāng)must表示推測，疑問部分應(yīng)根據(jù)must后的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)采用相應(yīng)的動詞形式。故選D。三、翻譯【答案】21.Ifyouworkoutregularly,youwillloseweight.22.Evenifwemeetdifficultiesinworkingout,weshouldn’tgiveup.23.Ifwehavedetermination,wewillmakeit.24.Apersonwhotakesexerciseregularlywillkeepfit.25.Manyathletesdon’tloseheartfacingdifficultiesandsetgoodexamplesforus.三、三、課后檢測ADoyoustillrememberwhathappenedwhenyouwenttoschoolonthefirstday?Istillremembermyinterestingfirstdayofschool.Onthatday,Ihurriedtomyscienceclassinthemorningandfoundaseatintheback.Iwaitedtherefor15minutesbeforethebellrang.Thescienceteachertoldusaboutsomeclassrules.NoonetalkedtomenordidItalktoanyoneelse.Iwasoneofthoseveryshygirls.Afterthescienceclass,IhadanEnglishclass.Ithoughtitwouldbeboringbutitturnedouttobeveryfunny.WhentheclassesofthemorningendedIwenttolunch.IsatoutsidethediningroomwithnoonetotalktoandnofoodbecauseIwastoonervoustojointhelunchline.IkeptlookingaroundhopingtoseesomeoneIknewbutIneversawanyone.LunchendedandIwenttohavemyartclass.Iwasthefirstonethereandevenmyteacherwasnotthereyet.SoIsatatmydeskandstarteddrawingsomepictures.Ididn'tnoticetherestoftheclasswalkinginorthegirlthatwasstandingbehindmetillIwassurprisedbythevoice,“Sowhatareyoudrawing?”Itwasagirlwhohadreallylonghair.SheendedupbeingmybestfriendandoneofthekindestandliveliestgirlsIknow.Inthenextclassmeeting,theteacheraskedustotalkaboutthepastholiday.Iwasgladtomakesomenewfriendsintheclass.ThefirstdayofhighschoolwashardformebutIgotthroughit.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter'sscienceclass?A.Shewas15minuteslateforit. B.Shemadesomenewfriends.C.Shelearnedsomeclassrules. D.Shesatinthefrontrow.2.Accordingtothewriter,theEnglishclasswas.A.boring B.Useful C.hard D.interesting3.Thewriterhadnolunchbecauseshe______.A.wasafraidtostandinline B.forgotthelunchtimeC.wasn'thungry D.didn'tlikethediningroom【答案】1.C2.D3.ABMickeyMouseandShrekarejustacoupleoftheAmericananimated(動畫的)characterslovedtheworldover.Andtheyareexamplesoftheevolutionofanimation,whichhasbroughtuniquenewlifetothefilmindustry.AmongthefirstAmericananimatedfilmswasLightoftheMoon,asilentmovieproducedin1911usingsilhouette(剪影)animation,wherethecharactersarerepresentedonlyasblacksilhouettes.TherealbreakthroughforAmericananimationcamewithSteamboatWillie,createdbyWaltDisneyandreleasedin1928.Itwasthefirstanimatedfilmtobeaccompaniedbysound,anditsmainstar,MickeyMouse,becameoneofthemostloveableandenduringanimatedcharactersevercreated.DisneyalsocreatedthefirstAmericanfull-lengthanimatedfilm,SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.Releasedin1937,itenjoyedworldwidebox-officesuccess.Disney’sextremelycarefulattentiontohigh-qualitydetailinthethousandsofhand-painteddrawingsrequiredatthattimetomakeananimatedfilmelevatedthisfilmtechniquetothelevelofaseriousartform.Clayanimationisatypeofstop-motionanimationusingformsmadeofclay.ClayanimationfilmshavebeenproducedintheUnitedStatessince1908.Butthisformofanimationonlywonwidepopularappealin1955withashortfilmcalledGumbasia,createdbyArtClokey.Computer-generatedimagery,orCGI,broughtanimationtoanewlevelofartistryandrealism.Usedinfilmsincethe1960s,CGIanimationbegantodeveloprapidlyinthemid-1990s.ToyStory,releasedin1995andcreatedbyPixarandDisneyStudios,wasthefirstcompletelycomputer-generatedanimatedfeaturefilm.In2001,DreamWorksandPacificDataImagesreleasedShrek,thefirstcomputer-animatedfeaturefilmtowinanOscar.Shrekreturnedin2004withhistalkingdonkey,hisprincessbri