Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard 課文翻譯和知識點- 新概念英語第三冊

Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑”Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。WhowasSebastian?Weoftenreadinnovelshowaseeminglyrespectablepersonorfamilyhassometerriblesecretwhichhasbeenconcealedfromstrangersforyears.TheEnglishlanguagepossessesavividsayingtodescribethissortofsituation.Theterriblesecretiscalled'askeletoninthecupboard'.Atsomedramaticmomentinthestory,theterriblesecretbecomesknownandareputationisruined.Thereader'shairstandsonendwhenhereadsinthefinalpagesofthenovelthattheheroineadearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody,had,inheryouth,poisonedeveryoneofherfivehusbands.Itisallverywellforsuchthingstooccurinfiction.Tovaryingdegrees,weallhavesecretswhichwedonotwantevenourclosestfriendstolearn,butfewofushaveskeletonsinthecupboard.TheonlypersonIknowwhohasaskeletoninthecupboardisGeorgeCarlton,andheisverypoundofthefact.Georgestudiedmedicineinhisyouth.Insteadofbecomingadoctor,however,hebecameasuccessfulwriterofdetectivestories.IoncespendanuncomfortableweekendwhichIshallneverforgetathishouse.Georgeshowedmetotheguestroomwhich,hesaid,wasrarelyused.Hetoldmetounpackmythingsandthencomedowntodinner.AfterIhadstackedmyshirtsandunderclothesintwoemptydrawers,IdecidedtohangoneofthetowsuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.IopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontoftwosuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.IopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontofitsuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.Iopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontofitpetrified.Askeletonwasdanglingbeforemyeyes.Thesuddenmovementofthedoormadeitswayslightlyanditgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.Droppingmysuit,IdasheddownstairstotellGeorge.Thiswasworsethan"aterriblesecret';thiswasareadskeleton!ButGeorgewasunsympathetic.'Oh,that,'hesaidwithasmileasifheweretalkingaboutanoldfriend.'That'sSebastian.YouforgetthatIwasamedicalstudentonceuponatime.'參考譯文在小說中，我們經(jīng)常讀到一個表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭，卻有著某種多年不為人所知的駭人聽聞的秘密。英語中有一個生動的說法來形容這種情況。驚人的秘密稱作“柜中骷髏”。在小說的某個戲劇性時刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出來，接著便是某人的聲譽掃地。當讀者到小說最后幾頁了解到書中女主人公，那位一向待大家很好的可愛的老婦人年輕時一連毒死了她的5個丈夫時，不禁會毛骨悚然。這種事發(fā)生在小說中是無可非議的。盡管我們?nèi)巳硕加懈鞣N大小秘密。連最親密的朋友都不愿讓他們知道，但我們當中極少有人有柜中骷髏。我所認識的唯一的在柜中藏骷嶁的人便是喬治.卡爾頓，他甚至引以為自豪。喬治年輕時學過醫(yī)，然而，他后來沒當上醫(yī)生，卻成了一位成功的偵探小說作家。有一次，我在他家里度周末，過得很不愉快。這事我永遠不會忘記。喬治把我領進客房，說這間很少使用。他讓我打開行裝后下樓吃飯。我將襯衫、內(nèi)衣放進兩個空抽屜里，然后我想把隨身帶來的兩套西服中的一套掛到大衣柜里去。我打開柜門，站在柜門前一下驚呆了。一具骷髏懸掛在眼前，由于柜門突然打開，它也隨之輕微搖晃起來，讓我覺得它好像馬上要跳出柜門朝我撲過來似的。我扔下西服沖下樓去告訴喬治。這是比“駭人聽聞的秘密”更加驚人的東西，這是一具真正的骷髏啊!但喬治卻無動于衷。“噢，是它呀!他笑著說道，儼然在談論一位老朋友。“那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是學醫(yī)的了。”一、單詞講解Newwordsandexpressionsskeleton['skel?tn]n.骷髏seemingly['si:mi?li]adv.表面上地respectable[ris'pekt?bl]adj.體面的，雅觀的conceal[k?n'si:l]v.隱藏；隱瞞vivid['vivid]adj.生動的dramatic[dr?'m?tik]adj.令人激動的，扣人心弦的ruin[ruin]v.毀壞heroine['her?uin]n.女主人公fiction['fik??n]n.小說varying['v??ri?]adj.不同的medicine['medisn]n.醫(yī)學guestroom[?ɡestrum]n.（家庭中的）來客住房unpack[?n'p?k]vt.（從箱中）取出stack[st?k]v.（整齊地）堆放，排放underclothes['?nd?kl?uez]n．內(nèi)衣drawer['dr?:?]n.抽屜petrify['petrifai]v.使驚呆dangle['d??gl]v.懸掛sway[swei]v.搖擺unsympathetic[?nsimp?'θetik]adj.不表同情的，無動于衷的medical['medikl]adj.醫(yī)學的skeletonn.骷髏askeletoninthecupboard（柜中的骷髏）家丑/ashamefulfamilysecretaterriblesecret丑聞awalkingskeleton形容人骨瘦如柴/alivingskeletonreducetoaskeleton瘦成這樣！skeletonkey:akeymadetounlockmanylocks萬能鑰匙panacea萬靈丹，靈丹妙藥Almightyking全能的國王seemingadj.表面的aseemingfriendaseeminggood-temperedman看上去好脾氣的人aseemingsincerityseemingly看上去好像eg.Futureisseeminglypromisingbutactuallydesolate.seemlyadj.大方的，得體的eg.Keepseemlymannerswhilehavedinners.respectableadj.1)體面的，雅觀的arespectablefamilylookrespectable2)goodandsatisfactory令人滿意的，好的arespectableincomeaconsiderableincomeahandsomeincomerespectfuladj.berespectfulto尊敬berespectfultooldpeopleberespectfultothetraditionrespectiveadj.各自的eg.Thetwofriendssaidgoodbyeandwenttheirrespectiveways.兩個朋友道別之后各自上路了。respectn./v.loveandrespect尊重和愛戴payrespecttosb對某人表示敬意payone’slastrespectsto:togoone’sfuneralconcealv.tohidesthcarefully（主觀的）隱瞞，掩蓋concealasecret對某人掩飾一個秘密concealfeelingsfromsb.對某人掩飾情感concealone’ssmile掩飾笑容concealintentions掩飾目的concealthefact掩蓋真相l(xiāng)ieaboutone’sage隱瞞年齡hidev.（應用范圍較conceal廣）conceal后多跟抽象名詞，但hide也適用。eg.Let’shidefrommommy.藏起來不要讓媽媽找到。hideone’sdepression掩飾失意hideone’sembarrassment掩飾窘迫，尷尬eg.Thesunwashiddenbytheclouds.太陽被云彩遮住了。eg.Thetreeshidethedeerfromview.小鹿被樹木擋住看不見了。vividadj.栩栩如生，活靈活現(xiàn)的vividmemories鮮活的記憶vividdreams生動的夢vividdescriptions栩栩如生的描寫vividimage活生生的形象vividrecord生動的記載drama戲劇，戲曲dramaschool戲曲學校aTVdrama電視劇apoeticdrama詩劇dramaticadj.戲劇性的，巨大的，顯著的thedramaticchange戲劇性的變化thedramaticmoment戲劇性的時刻thedramaticscene戲劇性的情景operan.音樂劇，歌劇soapopera肥皂劇Pekingopera京劇grandopera嚴肅劇heron.英雄/男主人公anationalhero民族英雄warhero戰(zhàn)爭英雄（作戰(zhàn)英勇的戰(zhàn)士）heroinen.女英雄/女主人公heroinn.海洛因morphine嗎啡opiumn.鴉片OpiumWarI第一次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭marijuana[m?ri?wɑ:n?]印度大麻anesthesia麻醉藥mercy-killing安樂死/euthanasian.drugaddict吸毒成癮的人/drugtakerfictionn.小說（集合）（虛構的）noveln.虛構的長篇小說alongwrittenstoryinwhichthecharactersandeventsareusuallyimaginarystoryn.forentertainmentdetectivestory偵探小說aromanticandsentimentalstory言情小說epicn.史詩Homer’sepic“Iliad”and“Odyssey”ChineseOdyssey:大話西游poetry詩歌biography傳記talen.虛構的且生動的故事astoryofimaginaryeventsespeciallyofanexcitingkindfairytale神話故事ATaleofTwoCities雙城記ATaleofThreeWarringKingdoms三國演義saga北歐英雄（傳說）；英雄故事fablen.寓言故事Aesop’sFablesvaryv.相異，不同varyinprice/quality/sizetovaryingdegrees在不同程度上toacertainextent在某種程度上tosomeextent在某種程度上eg.Thetwinswerebroughtupindifferentfamiliesandachievedvaryingdegreesofsuccessrespectively.兩個雙胞胎兄弟被不同的家庭撫養(yǎng)長大各自在不同程度上取得了成功。eg.Thepriceoffruitvarywiththeseasons.水果的價格隨季節(jié)變動。rangefromsthtosthelsepricesrangefrom…to…價格（在一定范圍內(nèi)變動）levelsrangefrom…to…水平（在一定范圍內(nèi)變動）temperaturesrangefrom…to…溫度（在一定范圍內(nèi)變動）variousadj.（強調(diào)多樣性）不同的differentadj.（強調(diào)差異）不同的variableadj.多變的variablemind多變的心stackv.整齊的排放stackthebooksontheshelfstackup把…堆積起來pileup（不是很整齊的）eg.Thecarspiledupinthetraffic.heapup（雜亂地）堆放stackn.堆astackofsth/stacksofstheg.Ihavestacksofworkwaitingtobedone.我有一大堆的事要做。stacksofmoney一大堆錢apileofbooks/pilesofwork一大堆話heapsof(time)許多時間underclothes內(nèi)衣under在…下面的underfootundergroundunderseaunderpopulated人口稀少的underdeveloped欠發(fā)達的undersized尺寸不夠over-在…上面的overalls工作服overcoat防寒服overseas海外的petrifyv.1）tochangewood,treesintostonesoveralongperiodoftime使石化petrifiedwood/forest石林2）tomakesbtoofrightenedtomove嚇得不能動彈eg.Seeingaskeleton,Istoodpetrified.（stand作半系動詞的時，表示“保持，維持”）bescaredoutofone’swits嚇得魂不附體makeone’sfleshcrawl起了一身雞皮疙瘩/havegoosefleshmakeone’shairstandonend嚇的毛骨悚然Thebloodrunscold.嚇得血都涼了。/Thebloodturnstoice.danglev.輕晃tohangorswinglooselyeg.Idanglemyfeetinclearbluewater.我在清澈的水中蕩著雙腳。eg.Hesatonthetabledanglinghisleg.danglesthinfrontofsb(tooffersthgoodtosbinordertopersuadehimtodosth)吊胃口，逗弄eg.Thepromiseofanicecreamconewasdangledinfrontofthelittlegirl,asarewardforsleeping.小女孩被許諾說只要睡覺就會得到一個冰淇淋蛋卷。droopv.下垂tohangorbenddownwardseg.Theseflowersarethirstyforwater;theybegantodroopheadsinthesun.swing:tomovebackwardsandforwards（前后）擺動swingarms搖臂swingfrom…to…發(fā)生轉變tochangequicklytotheoppositeeg.Thesadnewsmadehimswingsuddenlyfromgreatjoytocompletedespair.這個壞消息使他從幸福跌入到徹底的絕望當中去。swayv.1）tomoveslowlyfromonesidetoanother（從一邊到另一邊）擺動eg.Willowsareswayinggentlyinthebreeze.2)toinfluencesbwhohasnotyetdecidedaboutsthsothattheychangetheiropinion.使動搖eg.Hisdeterminationswayedbythedifficultieswaitinginfront.他的決心被眼前的困難動搖了。unsympathetic無動于衷的notunderstandingsomeoneelse’sproblemsandnotgivingthemanyhelpsympatheticadj.富含同情心的besympatheticto/towards對…表達同情eg.Wearesympathetictotheirunfortunateexperience.sympathyn.havesympathyforsbfeelsympathyforsbeg.Allofherneighborsfeelalotofsympathyforthepoorwindowwhobroughtup5kidsonherown.鄰居們對那個獨自一人養(yǎng)大五個兒女的寡婦表示深深的同情。offersympathy表示同情sympathyletter慰問信（安撫信）二、課文講解Weoftenreadinnovelshowaseeminglyrespectablepersonorfamilyhassometerriblesecretwhichhasbeenconcealedfromstrangersforyears.Weoftenread…terriblesecret…eg.Weoftenheardhowaseeminglyaffectionateyoungcoupleinfacthadquarreledalotinprivate.我們經(jīng)常聽到對看上去十分恩愛的年輕夫妻如何私下里互相爭吵。terriblesecret不可告人的秘密tradesecret商業(yè)秘密secretsorrow難言之隱thesecretofsuccess成功的秘訣thesecretoflonglife-span長壽秘訣TheEnglishlanguagepossessesavividsayingtodescribethissortofsituation.TheregoesafamoussayinginEnglishthat…英文有句俗話Asthevividsayinggoes…有句話說得好eg.Asthevividsayinggoes,"simpleoutside,complexinside."possessv.toownorhavesthespeciallysthvaluable,important,illegaloranabilityeg.Thekingpossessesaconsiderabledegreeofautonomy.這個國王相當獨裁。what(onearth)possessedyoutodosomething?(usedtosaythatyoucannotunderstandwhysomeonedidsthstupid)到底是怎么回事（鬼迷心竅）eg.Whatpossessedyoutotrusthimagainafterherevealedyoursecret?Theterriblesecretiscalled'askeletoninthecupboard'.Atsomedramaticmomentinthestory,theterriblesecretbecomesknownandareputationisruined.…theterriblesecretbecomesknownandareputationisruined.Areputationisruined名譽掃地eg.Areputationbegantocrumble.eg.Thefamilyishumiliated.家族蒙羞（toloserespect）eg.Thecountrywhichistakencompletepossessionbyitsenemyismortified.(tofeelashamed)eg.disgraceoneself丟了自己的臉Thereader'shairstandsonendwhenhereadsinthefinalpagesofthenovelthattheheroine,adearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody,had,inheryouth,poisonedeveryoneofherfivehusbands.Thereader'shairstandsonendwhenhereadsinthefinalpagesofthenovelthattheheroine,adearoldlady…Theheroine的同位語是adearoldladyeg.Oneofthemajorproblems,housing,remainsunsolved.eg.Mr.white,chairmanofthecommittee,deniedhavinganyrelationswithmafia.…adearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody,had,inheryouth…inheryouthwhenshewasyounginone’stwentiesinone’sthirtiestheteens十來歲的孩子teenager(between13and19)adolescent（處于青春期期間）年輕人minor(法：under18)未成年人juvenile青少年的juvenilecrime青少年犯罪juveniledelinquency青少年不良行為Itisallverywellforsuchthingstooccurinfiction.Itiswell(andgood)…usedtosaythatyouacceptorapproveofonepartofasituationorthingbutnotofanotherpart用來表示不滿或不那么同意，好是很好，可是；…是不妨事的，可是…eg.Itisallverywelltosaythat,butwhatcanIdo?你說的倒好聽，叫我怎么辦？eg.ItisallverywellforsuchthingstooccurinAmericathatpeoplemayhaveseveralmarriages,butit’snotthecaseforChinese.在美國人們可能會有數(shù)次婚姻，對他們來說可能是不礙事的，但中國人可不是。Tovaryingdegrees,weallhavesecretswhichwedonotwantevenourclosestfriendstolearn,butfewofushaveskeletonsinthecupboard.but語篇標識詞，表明事實TheonlypersonIknowwhohasaskeletoninthecupboardisGeorgeCarlton,andheisveryproudofthefact.…andheisveryproudofthefact.beproudof對…感到驕傲eg.Iamproudofyou!我為你感到驕傲！takeprideinsth感到驕傲/showprideinsth/feelprideinstheg.Themothertakesprideinherson!putone’sprideinpocket夾著尾巴做人pridev.prideoneselfonsth為自己…很得意（驕傲）eg.Theyoungwriterprideshimselfonhisvirginpiece.asproudasapeacock(peacock:孔雀)Georgestudiedmedicineinhisyouth.Insteadofbecomingadoctor,however,hebecameasuccessfulwriterofdetectivestories.Insteadofbecomingadoctor,however…insteadof往往表示出一正一反，肯定一個，否定一個，而在insteadof后面的往往是被事實否定的。eg.Theheavyrain,insteadofbringinganygoodasexpected,causedalotofharmtothecrops.那場大雨非但沒給帶來什么好處，反而造成了極大的災害。eg.Takingexerciseseverydaymakeshimlookyoungerinsteadofolder.每天鍛煉身體使他顯得年輕而不見老。IoncespentanuncomfortableweekendwhichIshallneverforgetathishouse.Georgeshowedmetotheguestroomwhich,hesaid,wasrarelyused.Hetoldmetounpackmythingsandthencomedowntodinner.AfterIhadstackedmyshirtsandunderclothesintwoemptydrawers,IdecidedtohangoneofthetwosuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.Iopenedthecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontofitpetrified.Askeletonwasdanglingbeforemyeyes.Thesuddenmovementofthedoormadeitswayslightlyanditgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.…anditgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.Itgavemetheimpressionthatitleavesmetheimpressionthatbeundertheimpressionthat:wronglybelievethatsthisafactbecauseofthewaythesituationseems.誤以為，好像…eg.Wivesarealwaysundertheimpressionthattheirhusbandcanputthingsrightwhenevertheygowrong.妻子們總是認為他們的丈夫總能在東西壞了的時候把它們修好。beundertheillusionbeunderthedelusion妄想著…eg.Marywasundertheillusionthatmarriagecanchangeherhusbandforthebetter.Mary總幻想著婚姻會使她丈夫變得好一點。…itgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.Itwasabouttoleapoutatme1)beabouttodosth（說話）就要，眼看就要eg.Don’tgooutnow-we’reabouttohavelunch.eg.Theyareabouttoleavechinaforhome.他們就要離開中國回國了。2）notabouttodosth不愿意eg.I’mnotabouttopay30dollarsforadresslikethat.…itgavemetheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.leapv.tojumpforwardlookbeforeyouleap三思而后行l(wèi)eapatachanceleapatanopportunity（急切地）抓住一個機會hop,step,jump三級跳單腳跳，空中走步，縱身一躍jobhopper跳槽者leapv.tojumpforwardleapyear潤年（Ithappensevery4years,whenFebruaryhas29daysinsteadof28）commonyear平年byleapsandbounds突飛猛進eg.HisGermanisimprovingbyleapsandbounds.Droppingmysuit,IdasheddownstairstotellGeorge.Thiswasworsethan'aterriblesecret';thiswasarealskeleton!ButGeorgewasunsympathetic.'Oh,that,'hesaidwithasmileasifheweretalkingaboutanoldfriend.'That'sSebastian.YouforgetthatIwasamedicalstudentonceuponatime.'‘That’sSebastian…’Sebastian即為saintSebastian,羅馬基督教殉道者，早期基督教徒，羅馬軍官，他引導士兵信奉基督教，皇帝發(fā)現(xiàn)后命令用亂箭射死，僥幸不死，后被亂棒打死。他經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在文藝復興時期的繪畫中。這里說話人將醫(yī)科學生所用的人體骨骼比作繪畫中常用的人物，是一種暗喻的修辭手法。三、Review1.TheEnglishlanguagepossessesavividsayingtodescribethissortofsituation.TheregoesafamoussayinginEnglishthat…英文有句俗話Asthevividsayinggoes…有句話說得好eg.Asthevividsayinggoes,”simpleoutside,complexinside”possessv.eg.Thekingpossessesaconsiderabledegreeofautonomy.這個國王相當獨裁。what(onearth)possessedyoutodosomething?到底是怎么回事（鬼迷心竅）eg.Whatpossessedyouto