賓從,反疑,被動(dòng),定從,時(shí)態(tài)習(xí)題,初三11,13中考卷

賓語(yǔ)從句在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句 .賓語(yǔ)從句分為三類:動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句,介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句和形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句.時(shí)態(tài)1?主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可用任意時(shí)。Isupposethathewillcometomorrow.2?主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。Isaidthathepassedtheexam.3?主句用過去時(shí)，從句是真理時(shí)，只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Myfathertoldmethatthesunrisesfromtheeast.賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞從屬連詞連接賓語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.Hetoldthathewouldgotothecollegethenextyea他告訴我他下一年上大學(xué).Idon'tknowiftherewillbeabusanymo我不知道是否還會(huì)有公交車.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexar沒人知道他是否會(huì)通過考試.連接代詞連接代詞主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道誰(shuí)贏了這一局紅警游戲嗎?Idon'tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.我不知道你該依靠誰(shuí).ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsknow.這本書會(huì)告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解些什么.連接副詞連接畐詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,howeve等.Hedidn'ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他沒有告訴我什么時(shí)候我們能再見面.CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothenearesthospital?你能告訴我怎么怎么去最近的醫(yī)院?jiǎn)?Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.注意事項(xiàng)whether和if常用來引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)兩者的含義區(qū)別很小，一般可通用。Idon'tknowwhether/iftheywillcometohelpus.我不知道他們是否會(huì)來幫助我們。Iamnotsurewhether/ifI'llhavetimetogowithyou.我很難說我們是否有時(shí)間跟你們一起去。上面兩句無區(qū)別。但是，當(dāng)whether與ornot連成一個(gè)詞組時(shí)，whether不可換用if。例如：Idon'tknowwhetherornottheywillcomeforourhelp.我不知道他們是否要來求我們支援?！咀⒁狻咳魒hether和ornot不連在一起，在口語(yǔ)中可以用if取代whether，當(dāng)然也可以用whethero例如：Iamnotcertainif/whetherthetrainwillarriveontime.我沒有把握火車是否準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。④Idon'tcareif/whetheryourcarbreaksdownornot.我不在乎您的車是否是會(huì)出故障。此外，還有幾種情況值得注意：在介詞后面只能用whether，不能用if。例如：Iamnotinterestedinwhetheryou'llcomeornot.你來不來我不感興趣。在動(dòng)詞不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if。例如：Hedoesn'tknowwhethertostayornot.他不能知道是否要留下來。Shedoesn'tknowswhethertogetmarriednoworwait.是否現(xiàn)在結(jié)婚或是等待她不知道。在及物運(yùn)動(dòng)discuss后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，只能用whether，不能用if。例如：Wediscussedwhetherweshouldmakeachangeinourplan.我們討論了是不是要對(duì)我們的計(jì)劃作一些修改。Wewerediscussingwhetherweshoulddiscussthebusinesswiththem.我們正在討論我們是否要和他們談這個(gè)生意。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用whether，不能用if。例如：Itisunknownwhetherhewillcome.他是否來還不知道。Whetherthenewsistrueremainsaquestion這個(gè)消息是否真實(shí)仍然是個(gè)問題。if可以用來引導(dǎo)一個(gè)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句，whether則不能用來引導(dǎo)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)樗硎菊磧煞矫娴倪x擇意義比較強(qiáng)。例如：Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.請(qǐng)告訴我明天是否不會(huì)下雨。Heconsideredifheshouldn'ttellherthesecret.他考慮他是否不該告訴她這個(gè)秘密。4）if除引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句外，還可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，作“是否”解。在容易引起混淆產(chǎn)生歧義的情況下，就不可用if,而須用whethero例如：①Pleaseletmeknowifyouintendtocome這個(gè)句子有兩種解釋： A:“請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否想來?！盉:“如果你打算來，請(qǐng)讓我們知道。”第一種解釋是把if引導(dǎo)的從句看作賓語(yǔ)從句，把動(dòng)詞know視為及物動(dòng)詞（vt.）;第二種解釋是把if引導(dǎo)的從句當(dāng)作條件狀語(yǔ)從句，把動(dòng)詞know看作不及物動(dòng)詞（vi．）。在口語(yǔ)中，我們可以通過語(yǔ)調(diào)來表示兩者的區(qū)別；但是，在書面語(yǔ)中，無上下文 （如一張便條上寫著這句話），那就含混不清了。如果我們想表達(dá)的第一種含義，就得用whether來改寫第一句。Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouintendtocome又如：LetmeknowwhetherhehasleftforShanghai.告訴我他是否已經(jīng)去上海了。LetmeknowifhehasleftforShanghai.如果他去上海，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲。賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,gues等，并且主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語(yǔ)從句一致.Idon'thinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能說成Ithinkhewon'tcometomyparty.我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來我的舞會(huì).Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認(rèn)為那個(gè)人不是Jim所殺的,是不是?如果賓語(yǔ)從句中有某個(gè)含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞 ,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式.Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他從來不仔細(xì)聽老師講課,是不是?賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)的時(shí)候,賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般不受主句的時(shí)態(tài)所影響.當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)的時(shí)候從句用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn 'tknowwhatcouwasin.我只知道他當(dāng)時(shí)在西方的一個(gè)國(guó)家讀書，可不知道是哪個(gè)國(guó)家.HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.他問我他進(jìn)來的時(shí)候我是否正在讀＜老人與海＞.從句過去完成時(shí)表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.他告訴我他已經(jīng)把有關(guān)會(huì)議的事情告訴的了 Mary.從句謂語(yǔ)用過去將來時(shí)表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.記者問政府是否會(huì)采取必要的措施鎮(zhèn)壓騷亂.如果從句是一個(gè)客觀真理，那么從句的時(shí)候不根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)而變化Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearthyesterday.老師昨天說月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn).當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑問時(shí),不能按正常語(yǔ)序安排，經(jīng)常將這類引導(dǎo)詞置于句首Whodoyouthinkthepublicmightchooseastheirfavoritesingerthisyear?你認(rèn)為今年公眾會(huì)選誰(shuí)為他們最喜歡的歌手.完成下列習(xí)題（ ）1.Pleasetellme .Ihavesomegoodnewsforhim.whereRobertlives B.wheredoesRobertliveC.whereRobertlived D.wheredidRobertlive（）2.—Wedon'tkno —ItissaidthathewasborninCanadaA.whatheis B.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere（ ）3.—MayIcomein?I'msorryIamlate.—Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme ?whyyouarelateagain B.whatwereyoudoingthen

C.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucametoschoolC.whoyoutalkedwith()4.Couldyoutellme ?WhenwillMarycomebackB.WhenMarycomesbackC.WhenMarywillcomeback( )5.—Whatdidyousayjustnow?—Iasked .A.thatIcouldopenthedoor B.couldIopenthedoorC.howcouldIopenthedoorD.howIcouldopenthedoor()6.—Doyouknow ,Mike?—OnMay12th,2008whentheearthquaketookplaceinWenChuanwhendidtheearthquaketakeplaceinWenChuanwhentheearthquakewilltakeplaceinWenChuan)9.DoyouknowtheMP4yesterday?)9.DoyouknowtheMP4yesterday?( )7.1reallywanttoknow A.whatiswrongwithmybrotherC.ifhadheboughtthatcar( )8.—Canyoutellme ?—Bydoingmorespeaking.A.howIwillimprovemyEnglishC.howdoIdealwithmyEnglish(howwillhegotoBeijingtomorrowwheredidhegoyesterdaywhichwaycanIchooseD.what'swrongwithmyEnsJIiSorry,I'enoideaaboutit.B.howmuchhepaidforD.hepaidhowmuchforB.howmuchhepaidforD.hepaidhowmuchforC.hepaidforhowmuch( )10.Idon'tkno togothereatonce.Aif Bweather CwhatDwhich( )11.Heaskedme I'dmovetoNewYork Igotthejob.Aif,ifBif,weather Cweather,if Dweather,weather( )12.Hesaidhe gotherebytrain.Awill BwouldCisgoingtoDwas反義疑問句（一）概念：反意疑問句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問句組成。其中附加疑問句是對(duì)陳述句所說的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)提出疑問，起證實(shí)作用，一般用于證實(shí)說話者所說的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)。（二）要點(diǎn)注意：1、反意疑問句前后兩部分謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)是： “肯定陳述＋否定疑問”或“否定陳述＋肯定疑問”。2、簡(jiǎn)略問句如果是否定式：not應(yīng)與be，do，will等系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞縮寫。3、簡(jiǎn)略問句的主語(yǔ)不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱代詞。（三）用法：1） 陳述部分Iam時(shí)，疑問部分要用aren'tI.I'mastallasyoursister，aren'tI?（我和你姐姐一樣高，對(duì)嗎？）2） 陳述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,little,seldom,hardly等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問部分用肯定含義。如：Theoldmanmadenoanswer,didhe?Jimisneverlateforschool,ishe?3） 陳述部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞haveto+v.（hadto+v.），疑問部分常用don't+主語(yǔ)（didn't+主語(yǔ)）。Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?usedto,疑問部分用didn't+主語(yǔ)或usedn't+主語(yǔ)。Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?/usedn'the?hadbetter（最好）+v.疑問句部分用hadn'tyou?You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?4）陳述部分有wouldrather（寧可、寧愿） +v.,疑問部分多用 wouldn't+主語(yǔ)。Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?5陳述部分有You'dliketo+v.疑問部分用wouldn't+主語(yǔ)。You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?6） 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything,that,nothing,this,疑問部分主語(yǔ)用it。Everythingisready,isn'tit?陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等,疑問部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he.Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?（doesn'the?）Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?（doeshe?）7） think引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：A.主語(yǔ)是第一人稱,則疑問部分與從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句。Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe?Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'tshe?B.如果主語(yǔ)不是第一人稱則疑問部分與主句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句Hethoughttheywerewrong,didn'the?(不能說weren'tthey?)省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用willyou。Don'tdothatagain,willyou?Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?Let's開頭的祈使句，后用shallwe(或用shan'twe)?而Letus開頭的祈使句，后用willyou(或won'tyou)?Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe(或用shan'twe)?Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou(或won'tyou)?陳述部分是"therebe"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問部分用 there。Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。Itisimpossible,isn'tit? Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?完成下列習(xí)題TOC\o"1-5"\h\z( )1.Don'tforgettogivePollysomefoodandchangeherwater, ?A.shallwe B.willyou C.won'tyouD.doyou( )2.Thereislittlejuiceintheglass, ?A.isthere B.isn'tthereC.isit( )3.He'sseldomlateforschool, ?--No.Heisusedtogoingtoschoolearly.A.isn'theB.hashe C.hasn'the D.ishe()4.Thisbusisalwayslate, ? Sure,itis.A.isnotit B.isn'tit C.isn'tthebusD.doesn'tit( )5.You'renewhere, ? Yes,I'mfromDujiangyan.Icameherelastweek.A.doyou B.don'tyouC.areyou D.aren'tyou( )6.Youusedtobeoutgoing， ?A.doyou B.don'tyou C.didn'tyouD.didyou( )7.Hehasneverwatchedsuchanimportantmatch, he?

A.hasn't B.hasC.is D.isn't( )8.Theyhavetoworkatonce, they?A.haveB.haven't C.doD.don't()9.Sheoftenfeelstired, she?A.doesn't B.doesC.is D.isn't()10.Let'stakeashortrest, ?A.doweB.aren'tweC.willyouD.shallwe( )11.Hundredsofpeoplelosttheirlivesintheaccident, they?A.don'tB.didn'tC.doD.did()12.Lilydidn'tcometoschool,didshe? .Shewasillinbed.A.No,shedidB.Yes,shedid.C.No,shedidn't.D.Yes,shedidn't()13.Sheisn'tateacher,isshe?-- .Sheworksinahospital.A.No,sheisB.Yes,sheis.C.No,sheisn't. D.Yes,sheisn't()14.LilylookslikeLucy, ?A.isLilyB.isn'tsheC.doesLillyD.doesn'tshe( )15.Tomoftenhaslunchatschool, ?A.doesn'tTom B.doesn'the C.doesTomD.doesn'the( )16.HehardlyhurthimselfintheaccidentA.doesn'theB.didn'theC.didheD.doeshe( )17.Let'ssearchtheInternetforsomeinformationaboutfamouspeople,A.willyouB.won'A.willyouB.won'tyouC.shallwe)18.Eric'sneverseenathree-Dmovieatthecinema,A.hasn'A.hasn'theB.hasheC.isn'theD.ishe)19.Hedidn'tgotothelecturethismorning,didhe?.Thoughhewasnotfeelingverywell.A.No,hedidn 't.B.Yes,hedid.A.No,hedidn 't.B.Yes,hedid.C.No,hedid.D.Yes,hedidn't.( )20.—He'salreadybacktoAustralia,.HeisonavisittoShanghai.A.isn'the;NoB.hasnA.isn'the;NoB.hasn'the;YesC.isn'the;YesD.hasn'the;No( )21.—( )21.—Shedoesn'tlikegeography,doesshe?A.Yes,shedoesB.Yes,A.Yes,shedoesB.Yes,shedoesn'tC.No,shedoes）22He'sflowntoHainanforaholiday, he?A.isn'）22He'sflowntoHainanforaholiday, he?A.isn't B.hasn'tC.wasn）23.Let'sgoskating, ?t OK.Let'sgo.A.doyou B.don'tyou C.willyou D.shallwe）24.Thereislittlemilkinthemilkbag,there? OK.I'llgetyouanewbag.A.isB.isn'tC.aren'tD.areTOC\o"1-5"\h\z）25.Bob,youwatchedthefashionshowlastnight, ?A.weren'tyouB.didn'tyou C.haven'tyouD.won'tyou（）26.Areyougoingtothepicnicwithustonight?Yes.Youwon'tbelate, ?（）27.Thereisnoimportantinformationinthenewspaper, ?A.isn'tthere B.isit C.isthere（）28.Therearetwolibrariesinthiscity, ?A.aren'tthereB.aren'ttheyC.aretwo（）29.Mom,mygrandfathergoesforawalkaftersuppereveryday, ?A.doesheB.isheC.doesn'A.doesheB.isheC.doesn'theD.isn'the）30.LiuQianhasmade“magic”ahotword, he?A.doesn'tB.didnA.doesn'tB.didn'tC.hasn'tD.isn't）31.Youaren'taprofessionalathlete,areyou?）31.Youaren'taprofessionalathlete,areyou? .Iamjustafootballfan.A.Yes,IamB.No,I'mnotC.OfcourseD.Sometimes）32.MillionsofpeopleknowaboutSusanBoylenow, ?,shebecomeswell-knownbecauseofhersuccessonBritain'sGotTalent.A.dothey;No B.dothey;Yes（）33.He'sfedthedogandthecat,C.donA.dothey;No B.dothey;Yes（）33.He'sfedthedogandthecat,C.don'tthey;NoD.don'tthey;YesA.doesn'theB.isn'theC.wasn'theD.hasn'the）34.John,cleanyourroom,A.willyou（）35.Idon'B.shallweC.don'A.willyou（）35.Idon'B.shallweC.don'tyouD.doesn'theA.hasshetthinkshehasgonetoBeijing,B.hasn'tsheC.doID.don'被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)中及物動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成： is/am/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.Iamaskedtostudyhard.Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.2.一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成： was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.Dinosaureggswerelaidlonglongago.3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成： has/have+been+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Manyman-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成： will+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成： am/is/are+being+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞UncleWangismendingmybikenow.MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.Theyareplantingtreesoverthere.Treesarebeingplantedovertherebythem.6.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成： was\were+being+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞7.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.Thedoormaybelockedinside.Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.二、怎樣把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)非常簡(jiǎn)單，可以遵循以下幾個(gè)步驟：1.先找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；2.再找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)； 3.把賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)； 4.注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。例：1.Brucewritesalettereveryweek.AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.Lucyiswritingaletternow.AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.三、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題：不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Whatwillhappenin100years.Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Thispenwriteswell.Thisnewbooksellswell.感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，須加上to。例：makesomebodydosomethingsomebody+be+madetodosomethingseesomebodydosomething^somebody+be+seentodosomethingAgirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby. Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.如果是接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ) (物)作主語(yǔ)，那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞，這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭配的動(dòng)詞決定。Hegavemeabook.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Heshowedmeaticket.Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。Wecan'tlaughathim.Hecan'tbelaughatbyus.Helistenstotheradioeveryday.Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.完成下列習(xí)題()1.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?—Yes.Ourclassroom___everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning()2.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology___intheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.give()3.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingisbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished()4.—DidyougotoJack 'sbirthdayparty?—No,I .A.amnotinvitedB.wasn'tinvitedC.haven'tinvitedD.didn 'tinvite()5.—Mum,canIgotothezoowithJack?—Whenyourhomework___,youcan.A.isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did()6.Twenty—year—oldsshouldnot todriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.beallowedD.allowed.()7.Seeinghimrushintotheroomwithtearsinhiseyes,Iaskedhimwhat___.A.wouldhappenB.hadhappenedC.happenedD.washappened.()8.ThebookBusiness@theSpeedofThought___in1999.A.writesB.iswrittenC.wroteD.waswritten.()9.Treesandflowers__everyyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted.()10.China'ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiang GoodWillAmbassad親s(善大使)forShanghai.A.hasbeennamedB.havebeennamedC.hasnamedD.havenamed.()11.Theearthisourhome.It___well.A.mustbeprotectedB.shouldprotectC.needprotectD.shouldprotected.()12.Inrecentyears,manychildrenaremade___whattheyarenot___.A.todo;interestedinB.todo;interestedC.do;interested D.do;interested.()13.___anewlibrary inyourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;builtD.Did;built.()14.Anaccident___onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappened D.happened.()15.Cotten inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow.()16.Sofar,themoon___bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited.()17.Howmanytrees___thisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted.()18.Alotofthings___bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone.()19.Neitherofthem___inChinaA.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made.()20.Look!Anicepicture___forourteacher.A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws.()21.Yourshoes___.Youneedanewpair.A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn.()22.Thedoctor___foryet.A.isn'tsent B.hasn'tbeensentC.won'tbeDse.wntasn'tsent.()23—When___thiskindofcomputer___?—Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()24.TheGreatWall__aboutallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown.()25.I___insummer.A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn.()26.HesaysthatMrZhang___tothefactorynextweek.A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent.()27.Who___thisbook__?A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.do;writtenD.was;written()28.Mary___showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto()29.Astory__byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus()30.Themonkeywasseen outofthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump定語(yǔ)從句一、概念在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that,which,who（賓格whom,所有格whose）等，關(guān)系副詞包括where,when,why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的重要成分。三、定語(yǔ)從句的分類根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開,從句不可省去,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開,起補(bǔ)充說明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。四、關(guān)系代詞的用法that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如：Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentie瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。（that作主語(yǔ)）Thecoat（that）Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。（that作賓語(yǔ)）which用于指物,在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)不可省略,作賓語(yǔ)可省略。例如：Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。（作主語(yǔ)）Thefilm（which）wesawlastnightwaswonderful.我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。（作賓語(yǔ)）.who,whom用于指人,who用作主語(yǔ),whom用作賓語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如：ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國(guó)人。（作主語(yǔ)）Whoistheteacher（whom）LiMingistalkingto？正在與李明談話的老師是誰(shuí)？（作賓語(yǔ)）注意：（1）當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時(shí), who,that,which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyea這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印leasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel請(qǐng)告訴我你從誰(shuí)那借的這本英文小說。含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例如：Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。that作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如：Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway她居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam他是第一個(gè)通過考試的人。被修飾的先行詞為all，any,much，many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代詞時(shí)，只能用that,而不用which.例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesamethelast,little,few等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that,而不用wwhich.例如：ThisisthesamebikethatIlost這就是我丟的那輛自行車。先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí)，只能用 that,而不用which.例如：IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，為避免重復(fù)，只能用 that例如：Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?主句是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that,而不用which.例如：ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom桌子上那本書是湯姆的。關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that的情況：先行詞為that,those時(shí)，用which,而不用that.例如：What'sthatwhichisunderthedes?k在桌子底下的那些東西是什么?關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which,而不用that.例如：Thisistheroominwhichhelives.這是他居住的房間。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用which,而不用that.例如：Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。五、關(guān)系副詞的用法(1)when指時(shí)間，其先行詞表示時(shí)間，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例如：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived這是他至U達(dá)的時(shí)間。(2)where指地點(diǎn)，其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例如：Thisisplacewhereheworks這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。(3)why指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語(yǔ)作用。例如：Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲至。單項(xiàng)填空。-Doyouknowtheman istalkingwithyourfather？-Yes， he'sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whomIsthistheriver Icanswim？A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theoneThisisthebesthotelinthecity Iknow.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.itCanyoulendmethedictionary theotherda？yA.thatyouboughtB.youboughtitthatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtitAnyone withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagreeMywatchisnottheonlything ismissing.A.thatB.itC.whichwhoTheman coatisblackiswaitingatthegateA.who'sBwhoseC.thatofwhich.Thegirl isreadingunderthetree mysister.A.which；isB.whom；wasC.who；isD.who；wasIloveplaces thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whoTheworld ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichweliveC.whereweliveinD.weliveinn.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空Istillrememberthenight Ifirstcametothehouse.I'llneverforgettheday wemeteachotherlastweek.MrBlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober, isthebestseasonthere.Iwillneverforgetthedays Ispentwithyourfamily.I'llneverforgetthelastday wespenttogether.Thisistheschool Iusedtostudy.Doyoustillremembertheplace wevisitedlastweek?Doyoustillremembertheplace wevisitedthepaintingexhibition?HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou, isfamousfortheWestLake?HaveyoueverbeetoHangzhou, liestheWestLake?TomwillgotoShanghai, livehistwobrothers.IliveinBeijing, isthecapitalofChina.Therewasatime therewereslavesintheUSA.Itisthethirdtime youhavemadethesamemistake.Itwasinthestreet ImetJohnyesterday.Itwasabout600yearsago thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.Themoment Isawyou,Irecognized認(rèn)出）you.Thisistheverynovelabout we'vetalkedsomuch.Thisistheway hedidit.Whoisthestudent waslateforschooltoday?動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)1.Iwilltellhimassoonashe backA.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came2.Mary onshoeswhenshe them.A.tries buysB.tries?…buiesC.trys ?…buysD.trys?…buiesThegirloften coldwhenshe .A.cathcs…dancesB.catches…dancesC.catchs…danceesD.catches…dancee he himselfthere?No,Idon'tthinkso.A.Do…enjoyB.Does…enjoiesC.Does…enjoysD.Does…enjoy yourteacher fromthemveryoften?Certainly.A.Do…h(huán)earB.Does…h(huán)earC.Do…receiveD.receive yourmother somecleaningonSundays?A.Does…doesB.Do…doesC.Does…doD.Do…do Tom toworkhardtohelphisfamily?Yes,he .A.Has…x…doesB.Has…x…doesC.Does…h(huán)as…h(huán)asD.Does…h(huán)ave…doesWhichteacher lessonstoyoueveryday?A.does…givesB.does…giveC.do…giveD.givesSmithdoesnotgofishingonweekdays, ? ,hedoes.A.doeshe…NoB.doeshe…YesC.doesn'the…NoD.doesn'the…YesMrBlackoften fishingonSundays, he?A.goes…doesn'tB.goes…isn'tC.doesn'tgo …doesD.doesn'tgo …isHeusually TVonSundayevening.A.watchB.watchesC.watchingD.iswatchingWe'llgotoplaywithsnowifit tomorrow.A.snowB.snowsC.willsnowD.snowedNeitherInorhe French.A.speakB.doesn'tspeakC.speaksD.doesn'tspeakNobody howtorunthismachines.A.knowB.haveknownC.knowsD.isknowingTheYoungPioneer waterfortheoldmaneveryday.A.carryB.bringC.takesD.carriesSomeare intheriverandsomeare games.A.swimming…playingB.swimming…plaiingC.swimming…IplayingD.swimming…plaingLook!Theboystudentsare footballwhilethegirlsare .A.playing…danceB.playing…dancingC.play…dancingD.play…danceHe todohislessonsateighteveryevening.A.isbeginningB.isbeginningC.beginD.begins he onwellwithhisfriendsthisterm?A.Does…getsB.Does…getC.Is …gettingD.Is …getingMrSmith shortstories,buthe aTVplaythesedays.A.iswriting?…iswritingB.iswriting ?…writesC.writes?…iswritingD.writes?…writesI tothecinema.I thereeverySunday.A.go…goB.amgoing…goC.go…amgoingD.amgoing…amgoingLook,they agoodtime, they?A.have…doB.have…don'tC.arehaving…areD.arehaving…aren'tYou aboutthefuturenow, you?A.don'tthink…don'tB.aren'tthinking …aren'tC.don'tthink…doD.aren'tthinking…areShealways somethingwhenevershe .A.studied…playedB.studied …plaiedC..studied…plaiedD.studied…playedHeoften lateintheforest.It meverymuch.,A.stayed…worriedB.staied…worriedC.stayed…worryedD.staied…worriedI thattheboy withnotearsinhiseyes.A.noticed…cryedB.noticed…criedC.noticed…criedD.noticed…cryedWe thefloorand allthewindows.A.mopped…cleannedB.moped…cleanedC.mopped…cleanedD.moped…cleanedWhenI theChildren'sPalace,thechildren withjoy.A.visited…jumppedB.visited…jumpedC.visited…jumpedD.visited…jumpped asportsmeetlastSunday?Yes,they .A.Didtheyhave…didB.Didtheyhave…h(huán)adC.Hadthey…h(huán)adD.Hadthey…did you outforawalkaftersupper?Yes,I .A.Did…went…wentB.Did…go…wentC.Did…went…didD.Did…go…did Jack onwithhisworkor tohavearest?A.Did…went…stoppedB.Did…go…stopC.Did…went…stopD.Did…go…stoppedYougavethematalktwodaysago, you?Yes,I .A.did…didB.did…gaveC.didn't…didD.didn't…gave yourbrother aletterto?Myfather.A.Who…wroteB.What…wroteC.Whodid…writeD.Whatdid…writeThey abouttheTVnewstheninthesitting-room.Theyoften suchtalksA.talked…h(huán)adB.talk…h(huán)aveC.weretalking…h(huán)adD.aretalking…h(huán)aveHe somecookingatthattime,so me.A.did…h(huán)eardB.did…didn'thearC.wasdoing…h(huán)eardD.wasdoing…didn'thear" youangrythen?""They_toomuchnoise. ”A.Are…weremakingB.Were…weremakingC.Are…madeD.Were…madeThistimeyesterdayJack his,bike.He TV.A.repaired…didn'twatchB.wasrepairing …watchedC.repaired…watchedD.wasrepairing…wasn'twatchingWe forTomattenlastSunday.Heoftenkeptus .A.werewaiting…waitingB.werewaiting…waitC.waited…waitingD.waited…waitWhenyou atthedoor,I somewashing.A.knocked…didB.wasknocking…didC.knocked…wasdoingD.knock…amdoingTheboy EnglishontheradiowhenI hisdoor.A.learned…wasopeningB.waslearning…openedC.learned…openedD.islearning…openWhenthey throughtheforest,abear atthem.A.walked…wascomingB.werewalking…cameC.weretalking…comesD.walk…iscomingAyoungman herwhileshe herwork.A.watched…wasfinishingB.waswatching…finishedC.watched…finishedD.waswatching…wasfinishingWhilemother so