英語(yǔ)字母讀音規(guī)則

英語(yǔ)字母讀音規(guī)則英語(yǔ)字母讀音規(guī)則英語(yǔ)字母讀音規(guī)則xxx公司英語(yǔ)字母讀音規(guī)則文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)表一、英語(yǔ)字母發(fā)音表Aa[ei]Bb[bi:]Cc[si:]Dd[di:]Ee[i:]Ff[ef]Gg[d3i:]Hh[eit∫]Ii[ai]Jj[d3ei]Kk[kei]Ll[el]Mm[em]Nn[en]Oo[?u]Pp[pi:]Qq[kju:]Rr[ɑ:]Ss[es]Tt[ti:]Uu[ju:]Vv[vi:]Ww[′d?blju:]Xx[eks]Yy[wai]Zz[zi:][zed]英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)表（48個(gè)）元音（20個(gè)）長(zhǎng)元音/ɑ://?://

?://i://u:/短元音/

?//?//?//?//?//e//?/雙元音/e?//a?//??//??//e?//??//??//a?/輔音（28個(gè)）輕輔音/p//

t//

k//f//θ//s/濁輔音/b//d//g//v//e//z/輕輔音/?//

h//ts//t?//tr/濁輔音/?//

r//dz//d?//dr/鼻音/m//n//?/半元音/

j//w/邊音/

?/三、什么叫音節(jié)？

音節(jié)以元音為主體構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位，一般說(shuō)來(lái)元音發(fā)音響亮，可以構(gòu)成音節(jié)，輔音發(fā)音不響亮，不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成音節(jié)（[m][n][?][l]例外）。從單詞拼寫形式上看，有幾個(gè)元字組就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)。四、如何劃分音節(jié)

①在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個(gè)輔字組時(shí)，一個(gè)輔字組屬于前面的音節(jié)，一個(gè)屬于后面的音節(jié)。

例如：let-termem-berchil-drendaugh-ter

②在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個(gè)輔字組時(shí)，如果前面音節(jié)里的元音是長(zhǎng)音則輔字組屬于后面一個(gè)音節(jié)，如果前面一個(gè)音節(jié)里的元音是短音，則輔字組屬于前面一個(gè)音節(jié)。

例如：長(zhǎng)音pa-perstu-dentfa-therze-romo-torfar-ther

短音sev-enstud-ymoth-erver-ymod-leweath-er五、什么是重讀音節(jié)

重讀音節(jié)指的是單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié)。用音標(biāo)標(biāo)記雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)詞的讀音時(shí)，應(yīng)使用重讀符號(hào)。單音節(jié)詞多數(shù)是重讀音節(jié)，標(biāo)記讀音時(shí)不需要使用重讀符號(hào)。六、什么叫開音節(jié)

開音節(jié)分兩種，一種叫絕對(duì)開音節(jié)，相對(duì)開音節(jié)。

①絕對(duì)開音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后面沒(méi)有輔字組的重讀音節(jié)。例如：noshesohi

②相對(duì)開音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后面加單個(gè)輔音字母，再加一個(gè)不發(fā)音字母e構(gòu)成的重讀音節(jié)。例如：namethesebikehomeex-cuse.七、什么叫閉音節(jié)

單個(gè)元音字母后面有輔字組（rwy除外）且以輔字組結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)。例如：bageggfishnotcup八、英語(yǔ)單詞拼讀規(guī)則1、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

a在開音節(jié)中[ei]nameplaneJanebabycakedate

在閉音節(jié)中[?]bagdadhatmapblackback

e在開音節(jié)中[i:]hethesemeChinesebeshe在閉音節(jié)中[e]bedletpendeskyesegg

i在開音節(jié)中[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite在閉音節(jié)中[i]fishbigdrinksitmilkswimo在開音節(jié)中[??]thoseclosegonotehomeno

在閉音節(jié)中[?]clocknotboxshopshockhotu在開音節(jié)中[ju:]excusedutytunecutefumehuge

在閉音節(jié)中[?]buscupjumpmuchlunchnut元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

a[?]China['t?ain?]another[?'n?e?]woman['wum?n]breakfast['brekf?st]

[i]orange['?rind?]comrade['k?mrid]village['vilid?]cabbage['k?bid?]

e[?]hundred['h?ndr?d]student['stju:d?nt]open['?up?n]children['t?ildr?n]

[i]chicken['t?ikin]pocket['p?kit]begin[bi'ɡin]semester[si'mest?]

i[?]holiday['h?l?di]beautiful['bju:ti/?ful]family['f?m?/ili]animal['?ni/?m?l]

[ai]exercise['eks?saiz]satellite['s?t?lait]

o[?]second['sek?nd]tonight[t?'nait]welcome['welk?m]

[?u]also['?:ls?u]zero['zi?r?u,'zi:r?u]photo['f?ut?u]

u[?]autumn['?:t?m]difficult['difik?lt]support[s?'p?:t]

[ju]popular['p?pjul?]January['d??nju?ri]

3.元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音

a在[w]音后面讀[?]wantwhatwatchwashquality

a在fnskphspssstth前讀[ɑ:]afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather

i在-nd-ld-gh前讀[ai]findbindmindchildmildlighthighfight

o在-st-ld前讀[?u]mosthostpostcardoldcoldsoldhold

o在mnvth前讀[?]comemonkeylovemother

4.-r音節(jié)元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

ar[ɑ:]carfarmdarksharplarge

ar在[w]音后面讀[?:]warmquarter['kw?:t?]toward[t?'w?:d]

or[?:]fortymorningshortsportnorth

or在[w]音后面讀[?:]wordworkerworseworldworm

erirur[?:]certainly['s?:t?nli]termbirdsirThursdaynurse

5.-re音節(jié)元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

are[ε?]caredarehareparebareware

ere[i?]heremeresere

ire[ai?]firehirewiretirediresireore[?:]morescorebeforepore

ure[ju?]purecurelure

6.元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

ai/ay[ei]afraidrainwaitdayplaywaysay

air[ε?]airhairchairpairrepairfair

al[?:l]smallballtalkwallallalwaysalsosaltalmost

al在fm前[ɑ:]halfcalmpalmbalm

au/aw[?:]autumndaughterdrawsawpawraw

ea[i:]teacheasycheappleaseseatreach

[e]heavybreadsweaterweather

[ei]breakgreatsteak

ear[i?]heardearnearclearyearseartear

[ε?]bearpearwearswear

[?:]earthlearnearlypearlsearch

ee[i:]eepweekgreenthreetreeneed

eer[i?]pioneerdeerbeerpeerveer

ei/ey[ei]eightneighbourtheyley[i:]eitherkey

ew[ju:]newfewnewspaperpewmew

在jlr后[u:]flewbrewcrewdrewjewelry

oa[?u]oatJoanboatgoalcoatcoal

oar/oor[?:]roarboardaboardabroadblackboarddoorfloormoor

oi/oy[?i]noisepointcoinmoisttoiletboytoysoyjoyful

ooI.重讀音節(jié)詞尾的字母組合oo發(fā)音素[u:]的音。如:too(太;也),zoo(動(dòng)物園),room(房間)等;II.在輔音字母f,l,m,n,s前的字母組合oo也發(fā)音素[u:]的音。如:roof(屋頂),school(學(xué)校),soon(不久),goose(鵝)等.有一個(gè)特例詞要特別注意,它就是:wool[u](羊毛);III.在字母t前的字母組合oo發(fā)音素[u:]的音。如:boot(靴子),tooth(牙齒),特例詞:foot[u](腳);IV.字母組合oo在字母d和k前發(fā)音素[u]的音。如:good(好),book(書),look(看),特例詞:food[u:](食物);V.在復(fù)合詞的非重讀音節(jié)中的字母組合oo發(fā)音素[u]的音。如:bedroom(臥室),classroom(教室)等;VI.在字母l和d之間的字母組合oo發(fā)音素[?]的音。如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等.ou/ow[au]flowerhousecountdownmouthmountainallowsoundbrow

[?u]knowrowthrowthoughfollowbelow

[?]youngcountryenoughtough

[u:]groupsoup

our[?:]courseyourfourpour[au?]ourhourourssour

ui在jlrs后[ju:i]/[jui]/[u:i]tuition[tju:'i??n]suicide['sjuisaid]fluid[flu(:)id][u:]juicefruitsuit7、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音元音字組或字群讀音例詞ai/ayei/ey[i]Sundayforeignmonkeyow[?u]yellowsparrowtomorrow元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[E]音或。例如:neighbourseriousfamousbiscuitcoffee-sion-tion[??n]impression[im'pre??n]congressionalnationemotion-sion在元音字母后[??n]vision['vi??n]decisionoccasionconfusion-tion在s后[t??n]question['kwest??n]suggestion[s?ɡ'd?est??n]-sten[sn]listen-stle[sl]whistle-sure[??]pleasuremeasuretreasureleisure-ture[t??]pictureculturefuturelecture

8、輔音字母的讀音

b[b]bikebusbagBible

在m后不發(fā)音[/]bombtombcomb

c[k]cakepicturecoatmusic

c在e前或在i/y前[s]facedecidecinemacyclepiece

ch[t?]muchchickrichteachercheckwatchcatchChina

[k]schoolheadachechemistrytechnology

[?]machine[m?'?i:n]Chicago[?i'kɑ:ɡ?u]

-ck[k]cockpocketblackknock

d[d]doctorbreadhandday

-dge[d?]bridgefridgeknowledgeedge

dr-[dr]childrendriverdrinkdramadraw

f[f]fivefourbreakfastfrustrate

gg在e/i/y前[d?]generalmanagemanaginggymgyp

在a,o,前[g]baggardenguidegoldgo

gh[f]coughenoughroughlaughtough

有時(shí)不發(fā)音[/]lightdaughterhighfightsightgu-/-gue[g]guessleaguedialogueguitarguide

h[h]headhousehandhothundred

在o前面有時(shí)不發(fā)音[/]hourhonesthonor

j[d?]jeepjarjokejoinJulyjam

k[k]kindbikeskatemakeweek

kn-[n]knifeknowknockknew

l[l]lifemilkschooltall

m[m]monkeycomeexample

-mn[m]autumncolumnsolemn

n[n]notshinetennote

在[k]音前[?]unclethankthinkangryhungry-ng[?]morningyoungwrong

p[p]paperplanepigshippensharp

ph[f]elephantphototelephonephysical

q[k]IraqQatar

qu-qualityquitequarrelquantitysquare-que[k]cheque

r[r]redrubberruler

s在詞首或清輔音前，元音字母間或濁輔音前[s]musclesciencesleepdesksister在元音字母u后面多數(shù)情況下讀[z]musichusbandbusinessexcuserefusesh[?]finishwashfishshirtshock

t在通常情況下，[t