初中常用英語詞根詞綴

初中常用英語詞根詞綴初中常用英語詞根詞綴初中常用英語詞根詞綴資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中常用英語詞根詞綴版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：一、常見的詞根1.able,abil=able能夠ability，able，disable，enable 2.Act=do做Actor,actress,activity,action,active,actual,actually,exact,react,3.Ag=do,做Agent,agency4.Art=art藝術Art,article,artist,5.Astro,aster=star星星Astronomy,astronaut,disaster,6.Ball,bol=fight打架Ballroom,balloon,symbol7.Base=base基礎Baseball,8.Bell,bel=war,fight戰(zhàn)爭Rebel,9.Cas,cid=fall落下Casual,casually,occasion,accident,10.cept,ceive,cip,cup=hold抓住accept,except,receive,receipt,principal,11.cap=head頭Captain,capital,12.Cycle,circle=circle圈Bicycle,recycle,circus,13.Dic=write寫Diction,prediction,14.Doub=double雙Double,doubt15.Duct,duc=say說Educate,education,reduce,conduct,16.Fall,fail,fault=err錯誤17.Fer=catch捉住Offer,infer,different,difference,prefer,suffer,18.Flu=flow流動Fluent,fluency,influence,19.Fore,fort=strongForce,forceful,effort,comfortable,discomfortable20.Form=shape形狀Formal,inform,information,reform,transform,uniform,perform,performance,21.Frig,friger=cold冷Refrigerator22.Fus,=pour倒Confuse,confusion,refuse,23.Gest,gister=carry,bring搬運Suggest,suggestion,24.Grad=step,grade階段Grade,graduate,gradual,centigrade,25.Graph,gram=write,寫Photograph,telegraph,program,diagram26.grat,gree=pleasing,滿意Gratitude,grateful,grace,agreement,disagree,27.Gress=go,walk走Progress,28.Habit=dowell做Habit,29.Hap=chance機會Perhaps,happen,happy,happiness,30.Lect,lig=choose,gather,收集Collect,collection,elect,neglect,select,31.Long=leng長度Belong,length,32.Man,manu=hand手Manage,manager,maintain,33.Mark=sigh,標記Marked,remark,landmark,bookmark,34.Memor=memory記憶Memory,memorize,remember,35.Ment=mind介意，想法mention,comment,remind36.Miss,mit=send,cast投送Dismiss,promise,37.Mod=mode,manner舉止Modest,model,modern38.Neg=deny否定Neglect,negative,39.Part,port=part,divide,分割Apartment,depart,department,partner,40.Pass=passthrough通過Passage,passenger,passport,41.Pend,pens=hang懸掛Depend,independent,spend,42.Per=try嘗試Experiment,experience,43.Plat=flat平坦Plate,platform,44.Fly=fold折疊Apply,reply,supply,45.Point,punct=point,makesharp,尖，尖端pointed,pointer,appoint,appointment,disappoint,46.Police=state,city城市，地區(qū)，國家Police,policy,politics,47.Popul,publ=people人們Population,popular,public,publish,48.Port=carry運送export,support,transport,49.Press=press按壓Pressure,compress,express,expression,impressive,50.Prim=first,chief,第一，主要Primary,primer,51.Pris,=take拿取Surprise,52.Quest,quir,quis,quer=seek,search,搜索Quest,inquest,question,request,conquer,53.Quiet,qui=still安靜Quiet,quietly,quickly54.Quit=free自由Quit,55.Sal=salt鹽Salt,salty,salad,salary,56.Sci=know知道Science,scientist,scientific,57.Sence,sent=feel感覺Sense,sensible,nonsense,58.Serv=serve,keep保持Service,servant,deserve,observe,59.Sid=sit,坐President,consider,60.Sigh=mark,標記Signal,assign,assignment,design,61.Sist-stand站立Assist,assistant,consist,exist,62.Sum,summ=addup添加Sum,summit,summary,summarize,63.Tele=far遠的Telegraph,telephone,television,二.常見的前綴

1.表示否定意義的前綴

1)純否定前綴

dis-,dishonest,dislike

im-,ir-,impossible,irregular

ne-,n-,none,neither,never

non-,nonsense

neg-,neglect

un-unable,unemployment

2)表示錯誤的意義

mis-,mistake,mislead,

3)表示反動作的意思

de-,defend,un-,unload,uncover

2.表示空間位置，方向關系的前綴

a-在…之上,向…”aboard,aside,above,

en-,表示“在內，進入”encage,enjoy,enrich,

ex-,表示“外部，外”exit,expand,export,except,

fore-“在前面”forehead,foreground,

in-,il-,im-(用于b,m,p之前),ir-,表示“向內，在內，背于”inside,import

inter-,表示“在……間，相互”international,interaction,internet

intro-,表示“向內，在內，內側”introduce,introduction

mid-,表示“中，中間”midnight,

out-,表示“在上面，在外部，在外”outline,outside,outward

over-,表示“在上面，在外部，向上”overlook,overhead,overboard

pre-,表示"在前”在前面”prefix,preface,prepare

pro-,表示“在前，向前”progress,proceed,

sub-,表示“在下面，下”subway,

super-,sur-,表示“在…..之上”surface,supermarket,superman,

trans-,表示“移上，轉上，在那一邊”translate,transform,under-,表示“在…..下面，下的”underline,underground,underwater

up-,表示“向上，向上面，在上”upward,uphill(上坡)upstairs,

3.表示時間，序列關系的前綴

fore-,表示“在前面，先前，前面”forecast,foretellmid-,表示“中，中間”midnight,midsummer

post-"表示“在后，后”postwar,

pre-,表示“在前，事先，預先”prewar,prehistory

re-,表示“再一次，重新”retell,rewrite,repeat,

4.表示比較程度差別關系的前綴

over-，表示“超過，過度，太”overeat,oversleep

5.表示共同，相等意思的前綴

co-表示“共同，一起”。connect,collect,

sym-,表示“同，共，和，類”sympathy

6.表示整個完全意思的前綴

al-表示“完整，完全”alone,almost,overall

over-表示“完全，全”overall,overflow(充滿)

7.表示分離，離開意思的前綴

a-，表示“分離，離開”away,apart,abstain

de-表示“離去，處去”depart,

8.表示通過，遍及意思的前綴

per-,pel-,通，總，遍perfect,perform,

trans-,橫過，貫通transparent,transport

9.表示加強意思的前綴

a-,arouse,ashamed

ad-,adjoin,10.表示變換詞類作用的前綴

be-,befriend,

en-,enable,enrich

ad-,at-,adapt,attend,attract,11.表示數(shù)量關系的前綴twi-,表示“二，兩，雙”twin

centi-,表示"百，百分之一"centimeter

kilo-,表示"千，千分之一kilometermicro-,表示"萬，萬分之一”microvolt

13.表示術語的前綴

aud-,表示“聽，聲”audience,

bio-,表示“生命，生物”biography(傳記)

ge-,表示“地球，大地”geography

phon-,“聲，音調”phone,phonograph

tele-,表示“遠離”television,telephone三.常見的后綴

1.名詞后綴

(1)具有某種職業(yè)或動作的人

-an,-ian,…地方的人American,

-ant,-ent,"…者”agent,servant,student,

-ar,"……的人”scholar,liar,

-ary,"從事……的人"secretary,

-ant,"具有…責的人"graduate

-ator,"做……的人"educator,

-ee,"動作承受者"employee,examinee

-eer,"從事于…人"engineer,volunteer

-er,表示"從事某種職業(yè)的人,某地區(qū)人"banker,observer,Londoner,villager

-ese,表示"…國人，”Japanese,Chinese

-ess,陰性人稱名詞，actress,hostess,

-ian,表示"…地方人，信仰….教的人，從事…職業(yè)的人”Christian,musician

-ist,表示"從事…研究者，信仰…主義者"pianist,dentist,artist,chemist

-or,表示"…者"author,doctor,operator,

-yer,表示"從事……職業(yè)者”lawyer

(2).構成，具有抽象名詞的含義

-age,表示"狀態(tài)，行為，身份及其結果，總稱"courage,storage,marriage

-ance,-ence表示"性質，狀況，行為，過程，總量，程度”importance,diligence,difference,

-ancy,-ency,表示"性質，狀態(tài)，行為，過程"frequency,urgency,

-bility,表示"動作，性質，狀態(tài)"possibility,

-craft,表示"工藝，技巧”woodcraft,handicraft,statecraft（治國策）

-dom,表示"等級，領域，狀態(tài)"freedom,kingdom,wisdom

-faction,-facture,表示"做成，……化，作用"satisfaction,

-hood,表示"資格，身份,年紀，狀態(tài)"childhood,manhood,

-ice,表示"行為，性質，狀態(tài)"notice,justice,service

-ine,"帶有抽象概念"medicine,

-ing,"動作過程結果"building,writing,

-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,"行為的過程，結果，狀況"action,solution,conclusion,expression,correction

-ment,表示"行為，狀態(tài)，過程，手段及其結果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument

-ness,表示"性質，狀態(tài)，程度"goodness,kindness,,friendliness

-or,"動作，性質，狀態(tài)"favor,error,

-ship,情況，性質，技巧，技能及身份，職業(yè)hardship,membership,friendship

-th,表示"動作，性質，過程，狀態(tài)"depth,wealth,truth,length,growth

-tude,"性質，狀態(tài)，程度"altitude

-ure,"行為，結果",pressure,failure,

-y,表示"行為的結果，狀態(tài)，性質”,history,victory,

(3)帶有場所，地方的含義

-age,表示"住所，地點"village,

-ary,表示"住所，場地"library,

-ory,表示"工作場所，住處"factory,dormitory,laboratory,observatory

(4)帶有學術，科技含義

-ology,"學論”biology,technology

-nomy,"…學術"astronomy,economy,

-ery,表示"學科，技術"chemistry,

-y,表示"……學，術，法”photography,

(5)表示人和事物的總和，集合含義-hood,neighborhood,womanhood(6)表示物品和物質名稱的含義

-ing,clothing,matting,

-ment,instrument,equipment,

(7)表示“細小”的含義

-ling,duckling,

-y,baby,doggy

2.形容詞后綴

（1）帶有“屬性，傾向，相關”的含義

-able,suitable,comfortable,

-al,natural,additional,educational

-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent

-ar,similar,popular,regular

-ice,ical,politic,historic,physical,

-ing,moving,touching,

-ish,foolish,,selfish

-ive,active,impressive,

(2)表示“相象，類似”的含義

-ish,boyish,childish

-like,manlike,childlike

-some,troubles