常用英語醫(yī)學(xué)名詞

常用英語醫(yī)學(xué)名詞常用英語醫(yī)學(xué)名詞常用英語醫(yī)學(xué)名詞資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月常用英語醫(yī)學(xué)名詞版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：內(nèi)分泌/代謝性系統(tǒng)疾病癥狀多尿polyuria[?p?li?ju?ri?]多飲/煩渴polydipsia[?p?li?dipsi?]心悸palpitation[p?lpi?tei?(?)n]氣短shortofbreath皮膚潮濕moistskin緊張nervous焦慮uneasy/anxiety好動(dòng)restless

強(qiáng)直spasticityspastic;抽搐twitch/tic常見診斷尿崩癥diabetesinsipidus[?dai??bi:ti:z]甲亢hyperthyroidism[haip??θair?idiz(?)m]甲減hypothyroidism糖尿病diabetesmellitus[?melit?s]糖尿病酮癥酸中毒diabeticketoacidosisDKA[?ki:t?u??si?d?usis]高滲性非酮癥糖尿病昏迷hyperosmolarnonketoticdiabeticcoma低血糖癥hypoglycemia[?haip?uɡlai?si:mi?]低鈉血癥hyponatremia高鈉血癥hypernatremia[?haip?n??tri:mi?]低鉀血癥hypokalemia[?haip?uk??li:mj?]高鉀血癥hyperkalemia[?haip?k??li:mi?]代謝性酸中毒metabolicacidosis[?met??b?lik][??si?d?usis]代謝性堿中毒metabolicalkalosis[??lk??l?usis]呼吸性酸中毒respiratoryacidosis呼吸性堿中毒respiratoryalkalosis痛風(fēng)gout[ɡu:]系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡systemiclupuserythematosusSLE[?lu:p?s]皮肌炎dermatomyositisDM[?d?:m?t??mai??saitis]系統(tǒng)性硬化病systemicsclerosisSSc硬皮病氣管插管/切開記錄Endotrachealintubation[?end?u?tr??ki?l]氣管插管（術(shù)）trachealcannula[?k?njul?]氣管插管（強(qiáng)調(diào)管子）Tracheotomy[?tr?ki??t?mi]氣管切開mechanicalventilation機(jī)械通氣[mi?k?nik?l]sedate[si?deit]鎮(zhèn)靜動(dòng)詞SedativeDrugs

鎮(zhèn)靜藥物Dopamine[?d?up?min]多巴胺Noradrenalin[?n?:r??dren?lin]去甲腎上腺素Suctionmachine

吸痰器Suck吸動(dòng)詞Sputum[?spju:t?m]痰noninvasivemechanicalventilation無創(chuàng)機(jī)械通氣[?n?nin?veisiv]Weperformendotrachealintubation/tracheotomyandapplymechanicalventilation。行氣管插管/切開，進(jìn)行機(jī)械通氣Weuse升壓藥物toraisebloodpressureand鎮(zhèn)靜藥物tosedatethepatient神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)癥狀瞳孔pupil發(fā)紺cyanosis發(fā)紺的cyanosed[?sai?n?ust]頭昏dizzyness頭暈的dazed[deizd]頭痛headache抽搐convulsion[k?n?v?l??n]眩暈vertigo[?v?:tiɡ?u]眩暈的vertiginous[v?:?tid?in?s]暈厥syncope[?si?k?pi]暈厥的syncopal[?si?k?pl]昏迷coma昏睡stupor昏睡的stuporous[?stju:p?r?s]意識(shí)模糊confusion嗜睡somnolence[?s?mn?l?ns]嗜睡的somnolent[?s?mn?l?nt]譫妄（狀態(tài)）deliriumstate[di?liri?m]delirious[di?liri?s]惡心nausea嘔吐vomiting感覺異常paresthesia[?p?ris?θi:?i?]放射性疼痛radiatingpain牽涉性疼痛referredpain不自主運(yùn)動(dòng)involuntarymovements[in?v?l?nt?ri]癱瘓paralysis[p??r?lisis]偏癱hemiplegia[?hemi?pli:d?i?]截癱paraplegia[?p?r??pli:d?i?]肌張力增高h(yuǎn)ypermyotonia[?haip??mai??t?uni?]口角歪斜theangleofthemouthisdrooping[?dru:pi?]協(xié)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙incoordination言語障礙dysphonia[dis?f?uni?]感覺障礙sensedisorder視力障礙Visiondisorder腦脊液cerebrospinalfluidCSF[?seribr?u?spainl]110-200ML腰椎穿刺lumbarpuncture電子計(jì)算機(jī)體層掃描computerizedtomographyCT磁共振成像magneticresonanceimagingMRI腦電圖electroencephalographyEEG診斷腦血管疾病cerebrovasculardiseaseCVD短暫性腦缺血發(fā)作transientischemicattackTIA腦梗死cerebralinfarctionCI腦血栓形成cerebralthrombosisCT腔隙性梗死lacunarinfarct腦栓塞cerebralembolism腦出血intracerebralhemorrhageICH蛛網(wǎng)膜下腔出血subarachnoidhemorrhageSAH高血壓腦病hypertensionencephalopathy[en?sef??l?p?θi]消化系統(tǒng)疾病癥狀惡心nausea嘔吐vomiting吞咽困難dysphagia[dis?feid?i?]噯氣/打嗝eructation[?i:r?k?tei??n]反酸acidregurgitation

[ri?ɡ?:d?i?tei??n,ri:?ɡ?:d?i?tei??n]食欲不振Lackofappetiteinappetence

[in??pit?ns]腹脹abdominaldistention腹痛abdominalpain腹瀉diarrhea便秘constipation[?k?nsti?pei??n]里急后重rectaltenesmus[t??nezm?s]黃疸jaundice嘔血hematemesis便血hematochezia黑便melena生長抑素somatostatin[s?um?t?u?st?tin]奧曲肽octreotide雙囊三腔管doublecapsulethree-cavitytube常見診斷上消化道出血uppergastrointestinalhemorrhage[?ɡ?str?uin?test?nl]下消化道出血lowergastrointestinalhemorrhage食管癌carcinomaoftheesophagus[?kɑ:si?n?um?][i(:)?s?f?ɡ?s]急/慢性胃炎acute/chronicgastritis消化性潰瘍pepticulcer胃潰瘍gastriculcerGU十二指腸潰瘍duodenalulcerDU胃癌gastriccarcinoma腸結(jié)核intestinaltuberculosis[tju:?b?:kju?l?usis]結(jié)核性腹膜炎tuberculousperitonitis[?perit??naitis]克羅恩病Crohn’sdisease,CD直腸癌colorectalcarcinoma[?k?ul??rekt?l]酒精性肝病alcoholicliverdisease肝硬化hepaticcirrhosis[hi?p?tik][si?r?usis]原發(fā)性肝癌primarycarcinomaoftheliver肝性腦病hepaticencephalopathyHE[en?sef??l?p?θi]肝性昏迷hepaticcoma重癥急性胰腺炎severeacutepancreatitisSAP[?p??kri??taitis]胰腺癌carcinomaofpancreas[?p??kri?s]血液系統(tǒng)疾病癥狀貧血anemia[??ni:mi?]頭昏dizzyness頭痛headache眩暈vertigo暈厥syncope乏力weak萎靡cachexia[k??keksi?]言語不清的alalic[??leilik]發(fā)熱fever耳鳴tinnitus

[ti?nait?s]adrummingintheears

眼花blurredvision記憶力減退deteriorationofthememory

[di?ti?ri??rei??n]蒼白pallor皮下出血subcutaneoushemorrhage牙齦出血gingivalhamorrhage[d?in?d?aiv?l]鼻出血rhinorrhagia[rain??reid?i?]淋巴結(jié)腫大lymphadenectasis瘀點(diǎn)petechia<2mm紫癜purpura3-5mm瘀斑ecchymosis>5mm昏迷coma昏睡stupor意識(shí)模糊confusion嗜睡somnolence譫妄delirium意識(shí)障礙disturbanceofconsciousness常見診斷重度貧血severeanemia

缺鐵性貧血irondeficientanemia再生障礙性貧血aplasticanemia溶血性貧血hemolyticanemia白細(xì)胞減少leukopenia粒細(xì)胞缺乏癥agranulocytosis[??ɡr?njul?usai?t?usis]白血病leukemia[lju:?ki:mi?]急性淋巴細(xì)胞白血病acutelymphoblasticleukemia，ALL[?limf?u?bl?stik]急性非淋巴細(xì)胞白血病acutenonlymphoblasticleukemia，ANLL慢性粒細(xì)胞白血病chronicmyeloidleukemia，CML（慢粒）[?mai??l?id]慢性淋巴細(xì)胞白血病chroniclymphoblasticleukemia，CLL慢淋急性白血病acuteleukopeniaAL淋巴瘤lymphoma[lim?f?um?]霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkinlymphoma，HL非霍奇金淋巴瘤nonHodgkinlymphoma，NHL多發(fā)性骨髓瘤multiplemyelomaMM[?mai??l?um?]脾功能亢進(jìn)hypersplenism血管性紫癜vascularpurpura[?p?:pjur?]過敏性紫癜allergicpurpura[??l?:d?ik]特發(fā)性血小板減少性紫癜idiopathicthrombocytopenicpurpura，ITP[?idi??p?θik]血友病hemophilia[?hi:m??fili?]彌散性血管內(nèi)凝血disseminatedintravascularcoagulation，DIC[k?u??ɡju?lei??n]泌尿系統(tǒng)疾病癥狀蛋白尿albuminuria[?l?bju:mi?nju?ri?]血尿hematuria[?hi:m??tjuri?]乏力hypodynamia[?haip?udai?n?mj?]/easyfatigability.疲倦fatigued腰痛lumbago[l?m?beiɡ?u]納差anorexia[??n??reksi?]沒有胃口,厭食水腫edema[i(:)?di:m?]尿頻frequentmicturition尿急urgentmicturition尿痛odynuria血尿hematuria少尿oliguria多尿polyuria惡心nausea嘔吐vomiting腹脹abdominaldistention腹瀉diarrhea皮膚瘙癢Itchofskin血液透析hemodialysis[?hi:m?udai??lisis]血液灌洗Hemoperfusion血漿置換術(shù)Plasmapheresis[?pl?zm??fer?sis]連續(xù)性腎臟替代治療continuousrenalreplacementtherapy，CRRT腹膜透析peritonealdialysis，PD[dai??lisis]利尿劑hydragogue[?haidr?ɡ?ɡ]常見診斷急性腎功能衰竭acuterenalfailure，ARF慢性腎功能衰竭chronicrenalfailure，CRF急性腎小球腎炎acuteglomerulonephritis[ɡl?u?merju?l?unef?raitis]慢性腎小球腎炎chronicglomerulonephritis急進(jìn)性腎小球腎炎rapidlyprogressiveglomerulonephritis腎病綜合癥nephroticsyndrome，NS[ne?fr?tik]尿路感染urinarytractinfection[?ju?rin?ri]腎動(dòng)脈栓塞renalarteryembolism呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病癥狀咳嗽cough咳痰expectoration咳血hemoptysis氣緊shortofbreath胸痛chestpain常見診斷急性上呼吸道感染acuteupperrespiratorytractinfection肺炎pneumonia肺曲霉病pulmonaryaspergillosis肺膿腫lungabscess肺結(jié)核pulmonarytuberculosis慢性阻塞性肺疾病chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease,COPD支氣管哮喘bronchialasthma肺栓塞pulmonaryembolism,PE肺源性心臟病corpulmonale簡(jiǎn)稱肺心病慢性肺源性心臟病chronicpulmonaryheartdisease間質(zhì)性肺疾病interstitiallungdisease結(jié)節(jié)病sarcoidosis胸腔積液pleuraleffusions氣胸pneumothorax肺癌lungcancer睡眠呼吸暫停綜合癥sleepapneasyndrome,SAS呼吸衰竭respiratoryfailure急性呼吸窘迫綜合癥actuerespiratorydiseasesyndrome,ARDS肺部感染pulmonaryinfectionII型呼衰TypeIIrespiratoryfailure創(chuàng)傷及意外傷害癥狀呼吸困難dyspnea[dis?pni:?]發(fā)紺cyanosis[?sai??n?usis]發(fā)紺的cyanosed[sai?n?ust]頭昏dizzyness頭暈的dazed[deizd]頭痛headache眩暈vertigo[v?:tiɡ?u]眩暈的vertiginous[v?:tid?in?s]暈厥syncope[si?k?pi]暈厥的syncopal[si?k?pl]昏迷coma昏睡stupor昏睡的stuporous[stju:p?r?s]意識(shí)模糊confusion嗜睡somnolence[s?mn?l?ns]嗜睡的somnolent[s?mn?l?nt]譫妄delirium[diliri?m]delirious[diliri?s]惡心nausea嘔吐vomiting清創(chuàng)縫合術(shù)debridement[di’braidm?nt]胸腔閉式引流術(shù)Closedthoracicdrainage[θ?(:)r?sik][dreinid?]胸腔閉式引流管Closedthoracicdrainagetube引流管drainagetube止血（法）hemostasis

[him?st?sis]包扎tieup

固定fix休克體位shockposition患肢affectedlimb抬高患肢raise/elevateaffectedlimb

創(chuàng)傷trauma[tr?:m?]創(chuàng)傷復(fù)合傷combinedinjury放射復(fù)合傷combinedradiationinjury閉合傷closedinjury擠壓傷crushinjury擠壓綜合癥Compressionsyndrome挫傷contusion扭傷sprain震蕩傷concussion[k?nk?s]開放傷openedinjury擦傷abrasion[?brei??n]撕裂傷laceration[l?s?rei??n]車禍傷caraccidentinjury高墜傷highfallinjury失血性休克hemorrhagicshock感染性休克infectiveshock清潔傷口cleaningwound污染傷口contaminatedwound感染傷口infectedwound燒傷burn化學(xué)燒傷chemicalburn冷凍傷coldinjury電擊傷electricinjury蜂蟄傷beestingThepatientwasconscious(清醒的)/unconscious(不清醒的)/comatose(昏迷的)/fidgety(煩躁的)withprofuseperspiration(大汗淋漓)/tachypnea(呼吸急促)/breathingquickly(呼吸急促),complainingof(主訴)+病員所訴，examinationhints(查體示)that:+查體檢查到的情況。Thepatienthadendotrachealintubation(氣管插管)/tracheotomy(氣管切開)，intravenousaccess(靜脈通道)，gastrictube（胃管），urinarycatheter（尿管），drainagetube(引流管)等等,thepatientgetmonitored(監(jiān)護(hù))，mechanicalventilation(機(jī)械通氣)/uptakingoxygen數(shù)字literperminute/.weobtainthesecond/multipleintravenousaccess（建立靜脈通道)，andgivehim/herthetherapy(治療)suchas（例如）+列舉各種藥品等，monitorbloodglucose(血糖)/CVPetc.Thismorningthepatient’stemperatureis數(shù)字centigrade,heartratesare數(shù)字perminute,respirationratesare數(shù)字perminute,bloodpressureis/mmHg(mmHgmillimetermercurycolumn),SpO2(PulseOxygenSaturation)is數(shù)字percent.數(shù)字hoursintaking:數(shù)字milliliter,outputting:數(shù)字milliliter,stool(大便)：數(shù)字gram.常見主訴及癥狀體格檢查physicalexamination呼吸困難dyspnea咳嗽cough咳痰expectoration咳血hemoptysis皮膚黏膜出血mucocutaneoushemorrhage水腫edema胸痛chestpain胸悶cheststuffiness/discomfort端坐呼吸orthopnea心悸palpitation發(fā)熱fever發(fā)紺cyanosis頭昏dizzyness頭痛headache眩暈vertigo暈厥syncope乏力weak嘔血hematemesis便血hematochezia黑便melena便秘constipation黃疸jaundice黃染stainedyellow蒼白pallor發(fā)紅redness色素沉著pigmentation白斑leukoplakia斑疹maculae玫瑰疹roseola丘疹papules斑丘疹maculopapulae蕁麻疹urticaria皮膚脫屑desquamation皮下出血subcutaneoushemorrhage瘀點(diǎn)petechia<2mm紫癜purpura3-5mm瘀斑ecchymosis>5mm血腫hematoma意識(shí)障礙disturbanceofconsciousness昏迷coma昏睡stupor意識(shí)模糊confusion嗜睡somnolence譫妄delirium惡心nausea嘔吐vomiting腹瀉diarrhea偏癱hemiplegicparalysis腹痛abdominalpain腰背痛lumbodorsalgia關(guān)節(jié)痛arthralgia腹脹abdominaldistension肛門停止排氣排便nogasorstoolexcretedfromanus肢體抖動(dòng)Limbstrembling抽搐tic驚厥convulsion尿頻frequentmicturition尿急urgentmicturition尿痛odynuria血尿hematuria少尿oliguria多尿polyuria自主體位activeposition被動(dòng)體位passiveposition強(qiáng)迫體位compulsiveposition常見診斷溶血性貧血hemolyticanemia百草枯中毒paraquatintoxication肺炎respiratory呼吸衰竭respiratoryfailure冠心病、心絞痛coronaryheartdiseaseanginapectpris高血壓hepertension心功能不全heartfailure房顫atrialfibrilation消化道出血hemorrhageofdigestivetract肝性腦病hepaticencephalopathy肝硬化、腹水livercirrhosisascites肝功能衰竭h(yuǎn)epaticfailure腎功能衰竭renalfailure腎病綜合征nephriticacidosis代謝性酸中毒metabolicacidosis高鉀血癥hyperkalemia糖尿病diabetesmellitus酮癥酸中毒ketoacidosis癲癇epilepsia腦出血cerebralinfarction腦梗塞brainyumor腦腫瘤braintumor腦炎encephalitis低鉀血癥hypokalemia電解質(zhì)紊亂electrolytedisturbances深靜脈血栓deepveinthrombosis蛇咬傷snakebite蜂蟄傷beesting腸梗阻intestinalobstruction常用治療名稱輸血bloodtransfusion抗感染anti-infection制酸relievinghyperacidity抗凝anti-coagulation抗血小板antiplatelet止血hemostasia脫水dehydration降溫defervesce祛痰eliminatingphlegm平喘relievingasthma霧化atomization胃腸減壓gastrointestionaldecompression灌腸enteroclysis癥狀變化加重aggravate減輕alleviate主要檢查結(jié)果明顯升高、降低、異常remarkablyelevated/redeuced./abnormalCTX-rayB-ultrasound相關(guān)科室會(huì)診requestrelativeconsultation循環(huán)系統(tǒng)疾病癥狀心悸papitation發(fā)紺cyanosis呼吸困難shortofbreath咳嗽cough咳血hemoptysis胸痛chestpain少尿oliguria水腫edema頭痛headache眩暈vertigo暈厥syncope惡心nausea嘔吐vomiting起搏pacing除顫defibrillation電復(fù)律cardiovertion溶栓治療thrombolytictherapy常見診斷心力衰竭h(yuǎn)eartfailure心功能不全cardiacinsufficiency[?kɑ:di?k]竇性心動(dòng)過速sinustachycardia[?t?ki?kɑ:di?]竇性停搏sinuspause病態(tài)竇房結(jié)綜合癥sicksinussyndrome，SSS房性心動(dòng)過速atrialtachycardia[?eitri?l]房性期前收縮atrialprematurebeats[?prem??tju?]心房撲動(dòng)atrialflutter心房顫動(dòng)atrialfibrillation[?faibri?lei??n]預(yù)激綜合癥preexcitationsyndrome室性期前收縮prematureventricularbeats [ven?trikjul?]室性心動(dòng)過速ventriculartachycardia室顫ventricularfibrillation室撲ventricularflutter房室傳導(dǎo)阻滯atrioventricularblock心臟驟停cardiacarrest無脈性電活動(dòng)pulselesselectricalactivity心源性猝死suddencardiacdeath先心病congenitalcardiovasculardiseases[k?n?d?enit?l]房間隔缺損atrialseptaldefect，ASD[?septl]室間隔缺損ventricularseptaldefect,VSD動(dòng)脈導(dǎo)管未閉patentductusarteriosus,PDA先天性主動(dòng)脈縮窄congenitalcoarctationoftheaorta[?k?uɑ:k?tei??n][ei??:t?]先天性肺動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄congenitalpulmonaryvalvestenosis[sti?n?usis]原發(fā)性高血壓primaryhypertension冠心病coronaryheartdisease[?k?r?n?ri]穩(wěn)定型心絞痛stableanginapectoris[?n?d?ain?]心肌梗死m(xù)yocardialinfarction[?mai?u?kɑ:di?l]心臟瓣膜病valvularheartdis