高考英語(yǔ)專題一-記敘文(含夾敘夾議文)課件

英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)專題一記敘文(含夾敘夾議文)專題一記敘文(含夾敘夾議文)基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破新題演練·能力遷移基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破新題演練·能力遷移基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本Ⅰ.詞匯復(fù)習(xí)18(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填入以o開頭的單詞的適當(dāng)形式,然后背誦情景,熟記以o開頭的課標(biāo)高頻詞匯。)【情景】It1._____________(使……想起)tomethathehadn’tobtainedtheoptionaloccupation.2.____________(否則),hewouldn’tobserve(obey)myrulesor3._______(提供)helptometoovercomemyoriginaldifficulties.occurredOtherwiseofferⅠ.詞匯復(fù)習(xí)18(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填入以o開頭的單詞的適當(dāng)形式,Itisobviousthatheownstheabilityoforganizationandoperation.Thoughheis4._____________(杰出的)andIwanttogivehiman5._____________(機(jī)會(huì)),Ihavetothink6._____________(客觀地)andIoughtnottooverlooktheunexpectedoutcome.Inalocalofficial’sopinion,theownershipofmycompanybelongstomeforever.

opportunityopportunityobjectivelyItisobviousthatheownsthe譯文

我忽然想起他還沒有獲得可供選擇的職業(yè)。否則,他不會(huì)遵守我的規(guī)定,也不會(huì)主動(dòng)幫我克服我原來(lái)的困難。他擁有組織和管理能力是顯而易見的。盡管他很杰出且我應(yīng)該給他一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),但是,我必須客觀地思考且不應(yīng)忽略意想不到的結(jié)果。一位當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T認(rèn)為,公司所有權(quán)永遠(yuǎn)歸我。譯文我忽然想起他還沒有獲得可供選擇的職業(yè)。否則,他不會(huì)遵守Ⅱ.高考范文必背(2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)假定你是李華,你的英國(guó)朋友Peter來(lái)信詢問你校學(xué)生體育運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。請(qǐng)給他回信,內(nèi)容包括:1.學(xué)校的體育場(chǎng)館;2.主要的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目;3.你喜歡的項(xiàng)目。Ⅱ.高考范文必背注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________注意:[范文]DearPeter,Iamsodelightedtohavereceivedyourletter.Youaskedmeinyourlastletteraboutthephysicalexerciseinourschoolandthefollowinginformationmaygiveyousomehelp.[范文]Tomygreatjoy,afamousnewstadiumhasbeenputup,whichhasbecomethelandmarkinourschool.Besides,withthestadiumbuilt,awiderangeofsportsactivitiescanbecarriedout,ofwhichtabletennis,footballaswellasrunningcompetitionsenjoygreatpopularity.Iamparticularlyfondofbasketballbecauseithasbeengivingmestrengthtoconfrontthechallengeinmylife.Tomygreatjoy,afamousnewsFinally,Isincerelyinviteyoutovisitourschoolandjoininthesportswebothlike.Yours,LiHuaFinally,Isincerelyinviteyou高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破Ⅰ.純記敘類文體記敘文是一種以敘述為主要表達(dá)方式的文體。它主要分為記人和敘事兩類。近幾年的高考完形填空題中的記敘文主要以敘事、記人為主,如幽默故事、童話、寓言、歷史故事、個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、人物傳記和新聞報(bào)道等。Ⅰ.純記敘類文體一、文體特點(diǎn)1.情節(jié)完整,寓意深刻。記敘文往往有著完整的故事情節(jié),作者娓娓道來(lái),在結(jié)尾處通常會(huì)有作者或當(dāng)事人的深刻體會(huì)。故事寓意深刻,耐人尋味。2.結(jié)構(gòu)明晰,過程細(xì)致。記敘文類型的完形填空在結(jié)構(gòu)上安排得很自然,時(shí)間、空間描寫順序一目了然。故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)果描寫得非常細(xì)致,且通常伴有作者或當(dāng)事人的豐富情感。一、文體特點(diǎn)3.內(nèi)容豐富,貼近生活。記敘文體涵蓋的內(nèi)容豐富,多為日常生活中發(fā)生的小事。小事雖小,但卻能以小見大,喚起讀者的共鳴。語(yǔ)言表達(dá)自然、流暢,學(xué)生們能夠比較容易地整體感知文章的情節(jié)。文章能夠?qū)⒅R(shí)、文化、教育、趣味性很好地融為一體。3.內(nèi)容豐富,貼近生活。4.考查內(nèi)容明確。(1)記人記敘文的完形填空主要考查內(nèi)容①根據(jù)對(duì)人物肖像的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物的氣質(zhì)和性格特征的理解。②根據(jù)對(duì)人物語(yǔ)言,如獨(dú)白、對(duì)話的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物心理的理解。③根據(jù)對(duì)人物行為的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物思想的理解。④根據(jù)對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)、典型事例的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物精神面貌的理解。4.考查內(nèi)容明確。(2)敘事記敘文的完形填空主要考查內(nèi)容①根據(jù)對(duì)事情發(fā)展過程的描寫,考查考生對(duì)事物間邏輯關(guān)系的理解。②根據(jù)對(duì)事物的描寫,考查考生對(duì)作者寫作目的的理解。(2)敘事記敘文的完形填空主要考查內(nèi)容二、解題方法1.讀透首句,掌握主旨。重視首句,明確短文話題,了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。絕大多數(shù)記敘文的作者都會(huì)用一句話點(diǎn)明人物的姓名、身份或事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn),然后再逐漸深入介紹事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展,最后得出結(jié)論。所以讀透首句對(duì)于了解全篇至關(guān)重要,這就是我們理解文章內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的“突破口”。二、解題方法例(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Asabusinesswoman,Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection,

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canalsodriveyoumad.They’llcomerushingin,

42

theirhandbag’sbeenstolen.They’ll

43

thattheyleftitinthechangingroom,createhavoc(混亂)andthen

44

ithadbeenintheircarallthetime.例(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)They’llhaveouthalfthe

45

intheshop,andwanttheonlystyleyoudon’thaveleftina

46

colour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeep

47

.

They’llhaveouthalfthe45分析

本文段首第一句話就點(diǎn)出了本文的人物和中心事件:一個(gè)生意人和他的顧客的關(guān)系。本段概括介紹了一些顧客讓作者和他的員工瘋狂的事件。接下來(lái)的文章主體部分則圍繞作者經(jīng)歷的一次特定事件,使作者學(xué)會(huì)了如何應(yīng)對(duì)“難纏”的顧客。分析本文段首第一句話就點(diǎn)出了本文的人物和中心事件:一個(gè)生意2.跳空速讀全文,掌握中心。速讀全文要求一氣呵成,跳過空格,快速閱讀,領(lǐng)會(huì)大意,把握中心。重點(diǎn)了解記敘文的要素,如:時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件等,從整體上把握文章的敘述順序和結(jié)構(gòu)主線。2.跳空速讀全文,掌握中心。例(2018·江蘇卷)RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavingshadbeen

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topaylawyers’fees.Tomakemattersworse,Mothwasdiagnosed(診斷)witha

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disease.Therewasno

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,onlypainrelief.

Failingtofindanyotherwayout,theydecidedtomakea

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journey,astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers’(徒步旅行者)guide.

例(2018·江蘇卷)Thiswasalongjourneyofunaccustomedhardshipand

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recovery.Whenleavinghome,RaynorandMothhadjust￡320inthebank.Theyplannedtokeepthe

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lowbylivingonboilednoodles,withthe

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hamburgershoptreat.

ThiswasalongjourneyofunaWildcampingis

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inEngland.Toavoidbeingcaught,theWinnshadtogettheirtentup

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andpackeditawayearlyinthemorning.TheWinnssoondiscoveredthatdailyhikingintheir50sisalot

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thantheyrememberitwasintheir20s.Raynor

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alloveranddesiredabath.Moth,meanwhile,afteraninitial

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,foundhissymptomswerestrangely

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bytheirdailytiringjourney.

Wildcampingis43inEnglan

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,thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter,withre-foundstrongmusclesthattheythoughthad

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forever.“Ourhairwasfriedandfallingout,nailsbroken,clothes

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toathread,butwewerealive.”

Duringthejourney,Raynorbeganacareerasanaturewriter.Shewrites,“

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hadtakeneverymaterialthingfrommeandleftmetornbare,anemptypageattheendofa(n)

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writtenbook.Ithadalsogivenmea

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,eithertoleavethatpage

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ortokeepwritingthestorywithhope.Ichosehope.”

49,thecouplefoundthatthe分析

通過略讀全文可知,第一段介紹了故事的背景,把握其中的兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞“homeless”和“disease”;第二段介紹了他們做出徒步旅行的決定;第三、四段介紹了旅行中的艱難;第五、六段介紹了徒步旅行給他們帶來(lái)的驚喜。文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,通過略讀很容易把握其主旨。分析通過略讀全文可知,第一段介紹了故事的背景,把握其中的兩3.身臨其境,故事重構(gòu)。采取換位思考的方式,假設(shè)自己就是故事的主人公,在此情此景下,模擬故事的情景,推斷故事的發(fā)展,體會(huì)作者的心情、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度等。這樣才能對(duì)故事或事件有一個(gè)貼切的把握,才能選出符合語(yǔ)境的詞語(yǔ)。同時(shí)要注意文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)。3.身臨其境,故事重構(gòu)。例(2020·天津卷)Jonesgottheideaafterhehadtalkedwithanelderlyladywhohadbeencheatedofher19(money).Theladywouldgetacallfromastrangereverymorningwho20(eventually)madeherbelievethathewasherfriend,andthenshelenthimabout￡31,000.Joneswas

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whenshesaidthatshedidn’tactually22(mind)beingcheated.“Otherwise,Iwouldneverspeaktoanotherpersonforweeksonends,”shesaid.

A.ashamed

B.shocked C.excited D.amused例(2020·天津卷)分析

B

做題時(shí)可將自己設(shè)定為故事的主人公,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境決定自己會(huì)怎么做或者采取什么態(tài)度。本段提到這位老太太“had

been

cheated

of

her

19(money)”,而竟然“didn’t

actually

22(mind)

being

cheated”,常識(shí)性的反應(yīng)應(yīng)該是“驚訝”,故選shocked。分析B做題時(shí)可將自己設(shè)定為故事的主人公,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境決定自己4.關(guān)注末段,注意感想。最后一段通常是作者有感而發(fā)的心理體驗(yàn)或經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)等。要注意結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選用合適的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞等。例That’showwefoundourhomeandhowIlearnedthatwhenpeopleare_____________,theyarenotstrangers,onlyfriendswehaven’tyetmet.

A.kind B.politeC.smart D.energetic4.關(guān)注末段,注意感想。分析

通過作者講的故事,我們知道,作者遇到了非常善良的一對(duì)老人。因此在最后一段中作者有感而發(fā)地表達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn),作者認(rèn)為,如果人們是友好、善良的,那么他們就不是陌生人,而是我們之前沒有見過面的朋友。因此答案應(yīng)該為kind。分析通過作者講的故事,我們知道,作者遇到了非常善良的一對(duì)老5.瀏覽全文,復(fù)查核定。根據(jù)記敘文的線索,考生一定要進(jìn)行回查,仔細(xì)推敲,校正全文,使故事恢復(fù)原貌。檢查要點(diǎn)包括:(1)語(yǔ)意是否前后一致;(2)上下文是否通順連貫,內(nèi)容是否完整;(3)所選詞匯是否符合語(yǔ)法、句法結(jié)構(gòu);(4)注意文化背景和生活常識(shí)的合理性。5.瀏覽全文,復(fù)查核定。Ⅱ.夾敘夾議類文體一、文體特點(diǎn)這種文體的語(yǔ)言具有記敘文的特點(diǎn):借助敘述、描寫、抒情等手段記敘社會(huì)生活中的人、事、景、物的情態(tài)及其發(fā)展過程,用以表現(xiàn)作者思想,抒發(fā)作者情感;時(shí)態(tài)以一般過去時(shí)為主,其他時(shí)態(tài)為輔;廣泛使用動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞;適當(dāng)運(yùn)用直接引語(yǔ)。它又具有議論文的語(yǔ)言個(gè)性:語(yǔ)言自然、客觀、準(zhǔn)確,邏輯性強(qiáng),且具有概括性。在遣詞造句方面多使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和can,may,might,could,would,should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Ⅱ.夾敘夾議類文體此類文章題材較貼近考生生活實(shí)際,內(nèi)容積極、時(shí)尚,融知識(shí)性、教育性和趣味性于一體。文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,脈絡(luò)有序,敘述靈活,側(cè)重語(yǔ)境,難度適中,更強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)篇分析和理解的連貫性。夾敘夾議型完形填空一般有以下三種結(jié)構(gòu)模式:此類文章題材較貼近考生生活實(shí)際,內(nèi)容積極、時(shí)尚,融知識(shí)性、教1.先敘述作者自己的某一生活經(jīng)歷或見聞,然后針對(duì)這一事件發(fā)表自己對(duì)生活的看法,或揭示生活的真理,耐人尋味。2.作者先提出一種觀點(diǎn)或看法,然后圍繞這一觀點(diǎn)或看法用具體的事例加以說明,有時(shí)也可能是用幾個(gè)事例從不同的側(cè)面來(lái)說明。3.作者先提出一種觀點(diǎn)和見解,然后用某一事例來(lái)闡述這一觀點(diǎn),最后再進(jìn)一步地總結(jié)和升華。1.先敘述作者自己的某一生活經(jīng)歷或見聞,然后針對(duì)這一事件發(fā)表二、解題方法1.在做這類體裁的完形填空題時(shí),抓住作者的觀點(diǎn)或作者闡述的生活哲理是關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)樽髡邤⑹鏊l(fā)生的事情或事例是為作者要表達(dá)的思想服務(wù)的。二、解題方法例(2016·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Hundredsofpeoplehaveformedimpressionsofyouthroughthatlittledevice(裝置)onyourdesk.Andthey’veneveractually

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you.Everythingtheyknowaboutyou

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throughthisdevice,sometimesfromhundredsofmilesaway.

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theyfeeltheycanknowyou

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fromthesoundofyourvoice.That’showpowerfulthe

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is.

...例(2016·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Onemorning,Ihadto

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animmediateflighthomeforafamilyemergency.IranintoRani’soffice

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.Thewomansittingatthedesk,

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mymadness,sympatheticallyjumpedup.Shegavemea

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smile,noddedwhilelisteningpatiently,andthenprintedoutthe

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immediately.“Whatawonderfullady!”Ithought.Onemorning,Ihadto50animRushingout

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Icalledoutovermyshoulder,“Bytheway,what’syourname?”“I’mRani,”shesaid.Iturnedaroundandsawa

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womanwithabigsmileonherfacewavingtowishmeasafetrip.Iwas

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!WhyhadIthoughtshewascold?Raniwas,well,so

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.

Sittingbackinthecaronthewaytotheairport,Ifigureditallout.Rani’s

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—herwarmsmile,hernods,her‘I’mhereforyou’

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—wereallsilentsignalsthatdidn’ttravelthroughwires.

Rushingout55Icalledouto分析

作者通過自己的親身實(shí)例,在誤解與現(xiàn)實(shí)中做出了對(duì)比:親眼所見,Rani待人友善,而她的這些表現(xiàn)都是無(wú)聲的,是不能通過電話線傳達(dá)出來(lái)的。進(jìn)而點(diǎn)明了主題:素未謀面的兩個(gè)人彼此會(huì)有什么印象?不能單憑電話中對(duì)方的聲音就貿(mào)然下結(jié)論,還是眼見為實(shí)。分析作者通過自己的親身實(shí)例,在誤解與現(xiàn)實(shí)中做出了對(duì)比:親眼2.文章的首句可能是一個(gè)完整的富有哲理的句子,這個(gè)句子不容忽視,因?yàn)樗侨牡年P(guān)鍵句,甚至是文章的主題。例Oneoftheeasiestthingsintheworldistobecomeafault-finder.However,lifecanbe(great)whenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit.2.文章的首句可能是一個(gè)完整的富有哲理的句子,這個(gè)句子不容忽SeveralyearsagoI_____________aletterfromseventeen-year-oldKerry,whodescribedherselfasaworld-classfault-finder,almostalways_____________bythings.Peoplewerealwaysdoingthingsthatannoyedher,and_________wasevergoodenough.Shewashighlyself-criticalandalsofoundfaultwithherfriends.Shebecameareally_________person.

...SeveralyearsagoI__________分析

作者在文章的第一段就向讀者闡述了一個(gè)生活哲理,即世界上最容易做的事情之一就是成為一個(gè)挑錯(cuò)的人,但是如果你不忙著挑錯(cuò),那么你的生活可能就非同凡響了。后文通過實(shí)例來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)。分析作者在文章的第一段就向讀者闡述了一個(gè)生活哲理,即世界上3.抓住文章的線索,弄明白文章的邏輯關(guān)系。夾敘夾議文是記敘和議論在文中交錯(cuò)運(yùn)用,解題時(shí)一定要隨著記敘與議論的轉(zhuǎn)換,及時(shí)調(diào)整思維方式。3.抓住文章的線索,弄明白文章的邏輯關(guān)系。夾敘夾議文是記敘和例(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Irememberthefirstreally

48

customerwehadatCoventGarden.Shewas

49

absolutelyeverything,nothingwasrightandIwasrather

50

thatshebecamea“regular”.Afterawhile,she

51

forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflat

52

,andsinceshe’dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(應(yīng)對(duì)),she’dtakenitouton

53

people.例(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Thattaughtmeavaluable

54

andIpassitontothepeoplewho

55

inthemarket.Don’ttakeit

56

.Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult,justthink“Maybeshe’shadarowwithherhusband.Maybeherchild’snot

57

.”Alwayswateritdownanddon’tletyourego(自我)get

58

.Ifyoudo,youwon’tbeableto

59

itandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat

60

everyone’sday.

Thattaughtmeavaluable54分析

所選段落的第一段講述了一個(gè)故事:一位女顧客因?yàn)楹驼煞蚍质?而把憤怒發(fā)泄到了作者和員工的身上,被作者看作“難對(duì)付”的顧客。后段轉(zhuǎn)為議論:應(yīng)該站在顧客的角度看待問題,考慮到顧客情緒不好的背后原因;應(yīng)該淡化問題,不要自我設(shè)限,破壞每個(gè)人的好心情。分析所選段落的第一段講述了一個(gè)故事:一位女顧客因?yàn)楹驼煞蚍?.敘與議是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體,“敘”是“議”的基礎(chǔ),即議論不能脫離記敘,必須在記敘的基礎(chǔ)上展開;“議”是“敘”的滲透,即議論在記敘的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)表,且要有一定的深度與廣度。二者水乳交融,成為一體。4.敘與議是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體,“敘”是“議”的基礎(chǔ),即議論不能例IpassedthecleancombbacktoDad.Hesmiledatmeand_____________placedhiscombonhiswallet.Butthistime,Inoticedsomething____________.Dadhadaged.Hehadwrinklesnexttohiseyeswhenhesmiled,___________hissmilewasstillas_____________asbefore,thesmileofafatherwhojustwantedagood_____________forhisfamily.

分析

作者在本段中采用了記敘和議論相結(jié)合的手法表述了父親的變化和自己對(duì)父親的那絲微笑的感覺。記敘中有議論,議論跟著記敘。例Ipassedthecleancombback新題演練·能力遷移新題演練·能力遷移A(2020·廣西南寧高三二模)Youneverknowhowfarakindactcango.Youdon’tknowwhoitcan

1

,either.WhenGloriaPorterandJeffReickbegan

2

,theyhadnoideahowmuchitwould

3

otherstoshower(大量地給予)peoplewithkindness.89-year-oldGloriaPorterwaslyinginhospital.Shecouldn’tleaveherward.ASoto

4

boredom,shewouldoftenstareoutsideherwindowtowatchconstructionworkersbuildingthenewfrontentrancetothehospital.Shewasn’texpectingoneofthe

5

towavetoher.Shecouldn’thelpbutwavebackatthekind

6

.Thiswasonlythestartofaspecial

7

betweenthetwo.JeffReickknewPorterwas

8

,sohedecidedtosendakind

9

toherbyfindingsomechalkandwriting“GetWell”ononeofthebeams(梁)facingher

10

.Soto4boredom,shewouldof“Ijustthoughtthatwas

11

,”Portersaid.“SoIshoulddosomethingto

12

that.”WhenPortersawconstructionworkersworkinghighabovethegroundonecold,windyday,shegrew

13

.Shewrote“Staysafe”onapieceofpaper,whichshethen

14

onthewindowfortheworkerstosee.“WhenIsaw‘Staysafe’onapieceofpaper,I

15

andsaidtomycoworkers,‘Didyouseethat?’”“Ijustthoughtthatwas11,Reicksaid.Thehospitalstafftookphotosofthatand

16

themonsocialmedia.Thesimpleactsofkindness

17

andmanypeoplewereemployedinsimilaracts,includingonewomanwhodelivered

18

pizzatotheconstructionworkers.“Ijusttrytoleadbyexampleandneverexpectsomuch

19

,”Reicksaid.“Ifeverybody

20

doesthingslikethat,theworldwillbeabetterplace.”

Reicksaid.Thehospitalstaff【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位老人和建筑工人之間通過簡(jiǎn)單的話語(yǔ)互相關(guān)懷的溫暖故事。最終兩人互相關(guān)愛的故事也感染了其他人。作者借此告訴我們,人與人之間的溫情是可以傳遞下去,最終影響我們的社會(huì)的?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位老人和建筑工人之1.A.disturb

B.employC.affect D.describeC

解析:disturb

“打擾”;employ

“雇用”;affect

“影響”;describe

“描寫”。你永遠(yuǎn)不知道善良的行為會(huì)走多遠(yuǎn),你也不知道它會(huì)影響誰(shuí)。故答案為C項(xiàng)。1.A.disturb B.employC解析:di2.A.communicating B.singingC.arguing D.explainingA

解析:communicate

“交流”;sing

“唱歌”;argue

“爭(zhēng)論”;explain

“解釋”。當(dāng)Gloria

Porter和Jeff

Reick開始交流的時(shí)候,他們不知道他們的交流會(huì)鼓勵(lì)人們大量地給予其他人善意。故答案為A項(xiàng)。2.A.communicating B.singingA解3.A.require B.warnC.force D.encourage4.A.makefor B.putoffC.figureout D.escapefromD

解析:require

“要求”;warn

“警告”;force

“力量”;

encourage

“鼓勵(lì)”。故答案為

D項(xiàng)。D

解析:make

for

“朝……前進(jìn)”;put

off

“推遲”;figure

out

“理解”;escape

from

“逃跑”。為了逃避無(wú)聊,她常常在病房里盯著窗外看建筑工人建新的醫(yī)院前門。故答案為D項(xiàng)。3.A.require B.warn4.A.makefor5.A.workers B.nursesC.doctors D.patientsA

解析:worker

“工人”;nurse

“護(hù)士”;doctor

“醫(yī)生”;patient

“病人”。她沒有預(yù)料到其中一個(gè)工人向他揮手。故答案為A項(xiàng)。5.A.workers B.nursesA解析:worke6.A.job B.inspirationC.gesture D.favorC

解析:job

“工作”;inspiration

“靈感”;gesture

“手勢(shì)”;favor

“幫助,恩惠”。她只好對(duì)這個(gè)善意的動(dòng)作揮手表示回應(yīng)。故答案為C項(xiàng)。6.A.job B.inspirationC解析:job7.A.business B.connectionC.difference D.troubleB

解析:business

“生意”;connection

“聯(lián)系”;difference

“區(qū)別”;trouble

“麻煩”。這只是這兩位之間特別聯(lián)系的開始。故答案為B項(xiàng)。7.A.business B.connectionB解析:8.A.lonely B.upsetC.ill D.poorC

解析:lonely

“孤獨(dú)的”;upset

“沮喪的”;ill

“生病的”;poor

“貧窮的”。Jeff

Reick知道Porter病了,因此他決定發(fā)一個(gè)友善的信息給她。故答案為C項(xiàng)。8.A.lonely B.upsetC解析:lonely9.A.letter B.messageC.note D.warning10.A.window B.entranceC.wall D.doorB

解析:letter

“信”;message

“信息”;note

“便條”;warning

“警告”。故答案為B項(xiàng)。A

解析:window

“窗戶”;entrance

“入口”;wall

“墻”;door

“門”。通過找到一些粉筆在對(duì)著她的窗戶的大梁的其中一根上寫著“Get

Well”的字樣。故答案為A項(xiàng)。9.A.letter B.message10.A.wind11.A.impolite B.necessaryC.familiar D.preciousD

解析:impolite

“不禮貌的”;necessary

“必要的”;familiar

“熟悉的”;precious

“寶貴的?！盤orter說:“我覺得那是寶貴的”。故答案為D項(xiàng)。11.A.impolite B.necessaryD解析:12.A.record B.returnC.recover D.rememberB

解析:record

“記錄”;return

“歸還”;recover

“恢復(fù)”;remember

“記著”。因此“我”應(yīng)該做一些事情來(lái)回報(bào)這份善意。故答案為B項(xiàng)。12.A.record B.returnB解析:recor13.A.puzzled B.worriedC.thrilled D.annoyedB

解析:puzzled

“困惑的”;worried

“擔(dān)心的”;thrilled

“非常興奮的”;annoyed

“生氣的”。當(dāng)

Porter

看到建筑工人們?cè)诤L(fēng)中高空作業(yè),她對(duì)他們的安全變得很擔(dān)心。故答案為B項(xiàng)。13.A.puzzled B.worriedB解析:puz14.A.knocked B.installedC.placed D.drewC

解析:knock

“敲”;install

“安裝”;place

“放置”;draw

“繪畫”。她在一張紙上寫下“Stay

safe”,并把這張紙放在窗戶上給工人們看。故答案為C項(xiàng)。14.A.knocked B.installedC解析:k15.A.camedown B.brokedownC.showedup D.turnedaroundD

解析:come

down

“下來(lái)”;break

down

“出故障”;show

up

“出現(xiàn)”;turn

around

“轉(zhuǎn)身”。當(dāng)“我”看到一張紙上寫著“Stay

safe”,“我”轉(zhuǎn)身告訴“我”的同事:“你看到那個(gè)了嗎?”故答案為D項(xiàng)。15.A.camedown B.brokedownD解16.A.shared B.foundC.mentioned D.deletedA

解析:share

“分享”;find

“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;mention

“提到”;delete

“刪除”。醫(yī)院?jiǎn)T工拍下兩人透過窗戶交流的畫面,并把照片分享到社交媒體上。故答案為A項(xiàng)。16.A.shared B.foundA解析:share17.A.happened B.succeededC.spread D.formedC

解析:happen

“發(fā)生”;succeed

“成功”;spread

“傳播”;form

“形成”。這些簡(jiǎn)單的善舉流傳開來(lái),很多人也做相似的行為。故答案為C項(xiàng)。17.A.happened B.succeededC解析:18.A.expensive B.freeC.ordinary D.cheapB

解析:expensive

“昂貴的”;free

“免費(fèi)的”;ordinary

“普通的”;cheap

“便宜的”。這些簡(jiǎn)單的善舉流傳開來(lái),很多人也做相似的行為,包括一位給建筑工人送免費(fèi)的比薩餅的婦女。故答案為B項(xiàng)。18.A.expensive B.freeB解析:expe19.A.participation B.satisfactionC.solution D.introductionA

解析:participation

“參加”;satisfaction

“滿意”;solution

“解決方法”;introduction

“介紹”。Reick說:“我只是試著以身作則,從沒料到會(huì)有那么多人參與”。故答案為A項(xiàng)。19.A.participation B.satisfact20.A.merely B.apparentlyC.especially D.willinglyD

解析:merely

“僅僅”;apparently

“明顯地”;especially

“尤其”;willingly

“愿意地”。如果每個(gè)人都愿意做那樣的事情,世界就會(huì)變得更好。故答案為D項(xiàng)。20.A.merely B.apparentlyD解析:B(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)It’sabout250milesfromthehillsofwest-centralIowatoEhlers’homeinMinnesota.Duringthelongtriphome,followingaweekendofhunting,Ehlers

1

aboutthesmalldoghehadseen

2

alongsidetheroad.Hehad

3

tocoax(哄)thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad

4

.

BBackhome,Ehlerswastroubledbythat

5

dog.So,fourdayslater,hecalledhisfriendGreg,andthetwodrove

6

.Afteralongandcareful

7

,Gregsaw,acrossafield,thedogmoving

8

away.Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith

9

.Itjuststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers’face.Backhome,EhlerswastroubledAlocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone

10

aslostinthelocalpaper.Theadhada

11

numberforatowninsouthernMichigan.Ehlers

12

thenumberofJeffandLisatotellthemhehad

13

theirdog.

Jeffhad

14

inIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog,Rosie,butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched

15

forRosieinthenextfourdays.

AlocalfarmertoldthemthedEhlersreturnedtoMinnesota,andthendrove100milestoMinneapolistoputRosieonaflighttoMichigan.“It’sgoodtoknowthere’sstillsomeoneouttherewho

16

enoughtogotothatkindof

17

,”saysLisaofEhlers’rescue

18

.

“Ifiguredwhoeverlostthedogwasprobablyjustas

19

toitasIamtomydogs,”saysEhlers.“Ifithadbeenmydog,I’dhopethatsomebodywouldbe

20

togothatextramile.”

EhlersreturnedtoMinnesota,a【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位男士幫助素不相識(shí)的人找回走丟的寵物狗的故事?！菊Z(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位男士幫助素不相識(shí)1.A.read B.forgotC.thought D.heardC

解析:根據(jù)上文的“following

a

weekend

of

hunting”可知,Ehlers是在狩獵回家的路上,再結(jié)合下文的the

small

dog

he

had

seen可知,此處表示他想起了他看到的那只小狗。think

about“想起”。1.A.read B.forgotC解析:根據(jù)上文的“f2.A.fighting B.tremblingC.eating D.sleepingB

解析:根據(jù)下文可知,這是一只走丟的狗,所以trembling符合語(yǔ)境。根據(jù)下文的coax和frightened可排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)。3.A.tried B.agreedC.promised D.regrettedA

解析:由第二段的“...

succeeded

in

coaxing

the

animal

to

him.”提示可知,此處用try

to

do

sth.“試圖做某事”符合語(yǔ)境。agree“同意”;promise“答應(yīng)”;regret“后悔”。2.A.fighting B.tremblingB解析:根4.A.calmeddown B.stoodupC.rolledover D.runoffD

解析:根據(jù)上文的frightened可知,狗害怕了,由常識(shí)推知,它應(yīng)是跑開了。5.A.injured B.stolenC.lost D.rescuedC

解析:根據(jù)第三段的“...as

lost

in

the

local

paper.”提示可知,此處應(yīng)填lost。4.A.calmeddown B.stoodupD解析6.A.home B.pastC.back D.onC

解析:根據(jù)下文的“...Greg

saw,across

a

field,the

dog

moving

8

away.”可知,他和朋友又開車回去了,所以填back。

6.A.home B.pastC解析:根據(jù)下文的“...7.A.preparation B.explanationC.test D.searchD

解析:根據(jù)空前的形容詞long

and

careful,結(jié)合下文的“...Greg

saw,across

a

field,the

dog

moving

8

away.”可知,此處應(yīng)為“尋找”,所以填search。

7.A.preparation B.explanationD8.A.cautiously B.casuallyC.skillfully D.angrilyA

解析:上文提到這是一只走丟的狗,結(jié)合上一段中的frightened可知,此處填cautiously(小心翼翼地)符合語(yǔ)境。9.A.surprise B.joyC.hesitation D.anxietyB

解析:根據(jù)replaced以及下文的“It

just

started

licking

Ehlers’

face.”可知,所填的詞應(yīng)該是和Nervousness

and

fear意思相反的詞,瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。8.A.cautiously B.casuallyA解析10.A.predicted B.advertisedC.believed D.recordedB

解析:根據(jù)下文的“The

ad...”提示可知,此處應(yīng)填advertised。此處為同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。11.A.house B.phoneC.street D.carB

解析:根據(jù)下文的“Ehlers

12

the

number

of

Jeff

and

Lisa

to

tell

them...”可知,廣告上有電話號(hào)碼。

10.A.predicted B.advertisedB解12.A.called B.copiedC.counted D.rememberedA

解析:由于廣告上有電話號(hào)碼,Ehlers要告訴他們,自然要給他們打電話。call“(給……)打電話”。13.A.fed B.adoptedC.found D.curedC

解析:根據(jù)上文可知,他找到了那條狗。所以此處應(yīng)是Ehlers在電話里告訴對(duì)方他找到了狗。12.A.called B.copiedA解析:由于廣告上14.A.hunted B.skiedC.lived D.workedA

解析:根據(jù)下文提到的“...but

the

gun

shots

had

scared

the

dog

off.”可知,Jeff和他的狗一起外出狩獵,所以填hunted。15.A.onpurpose B.ontimeC.inturn D.invainD

解析:根據(jù)上文可知,Jeff的狗走丟了,他一直沒有找到它,所以此處應(yīng)填“in

vain”,表示“徒勞地”。14.A.hunted B.skiedA解析:根據(jù)下文提到16.A.cares B.seesC.suffers D.learnsA

解析:根據(jù)上文可知,Ehlers回到Minnesota后,驅(qū)車100英里到達(dá)Minneapolis,把狗送上了去Michigan的航班。由此可知,此處填cares符合語(yǔ)境。17.A.place B.troubleC.waste D.extremeB

解析:由上題解析可知,Ehlers費(fèi)了很大勁把小狗送回主人身邊,此處用短語(yǔ)go

to

the

trouble(不辭勞苦)符合語(yǔ)境。16.A.cares B.seesA解析:根據(jù)上文可知18.A.service B.planC.effort D.team解析:此處指Ehlers為救這只走丟的狗而做出的努力,所以填effort。service“服務(wù)”;plan“計(jì)劃”;team“團(tuán)隊(duì)”。19.A.equal B.allergicC.grateful D.closeD

解析:此處講述的是Ehlers當(dāng)時(shí)的想法,他認(rèn)為丟狗的人和狗的關(guān)系就如同他和自己的狗一樣親近。be

close

to“和……親近”。18.A.service B.plan解析:此處指Ehler20.A.suitable B.proudC.wise D.willingD

解析:此處是Ehlers提出了一種假設(shè),如果他的狗走丟了,他希望也有人會(huì)愿意像他那么做。be

willing

to

do“樂意做某事”。20.A.suitable B.proudD解析:此處是E高考英語(yǔ)專題一-記敘文(含夾敘夾議文)課件英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)專題一記敘文(含夾敘夾議文)專題一記敘文(含夾敘夾議文)基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破新題演練·能力遷移基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破新題演練·能力遷移基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本基礎(chǔ)自診·夯基固本Ⅰ.詞匯復(fù)習(xí)18(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填入以o開頭的單詞的適當(dāng)形式,然后背誦情景,熟記以o開頭的課標(biāo)高頻詞匯。)【情景】It1._____________(使……想起)tomethathehadn’tobtainedtheoptionaloccupation.2.____________(否則),hewouldn’tobserve(obey)myrulesor3._______(提供)helptometoovercomemyoriginaldifficulties.occurredOtherwiseofferⅠ.詞匯復(fù)習(xí)18(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填入以o開頭的單詞的適當(dāng)形式,Itisobviousthatheownstheabilityoforganizationandoperation.Thoughheis4._____________(杰出的)andIwanttogivehiman5._____________(機(jī)會(huì)),Ihavetothink6._____________(客觀地)andIoughtnottooverlooktheunexpectedoutcome.Inalocalofficial’sopinion,theownershipofmycompanybelongstomeforever.

opportunityopportunityobjectivelyItisobviousthatheownsthe譯文

我忽然想起他還沒有獲得可供選擇的職業(yè)。否則,他不會(huì)遵守我的規(guī)定,也不會(huì)主動(dòng)幫我克服我原來(lái)的困難。他擁有組織和管理能力是顯而易見的。盡管他很杰出且我應(yīng)該給他一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),但是,我必須客觀地思考且不應(yīng)忽略意想不到的結(jié)果。一位當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T認(rèn)為,公司所有權(quán)永遠(yuǎn)歸我。譯文我忽然想起他還沒有獲得可供選擇的職業(yè)。否則,他不會(huì)遵守Ⅱ.高考范文必背(2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)假定你是李華,你的英國(guó)朋友Peter來(lái)信詢問你校學(xué)生體育運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。請(qǐng)給他回信,內(nèi)容包括:1.學(xué)校的體育場(chǎng)館;2.主要的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目;3.你喜歡的項(xiàng)目。Ⅱ.高考范文必背注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________注意:[范文]DearPeter,Iamsodelightedtohavereceivedyourletter.Youaskedmeinyourlastletteraboutthephysicalexerciseinourschoolandthefollowinginformationmaygiveyousomehelp.[范文]Tomygreatjoy,afamousnewstadiumhasbeenputup,whichhasbecomethelandmarkinourschool.Besides,withthestadiumbuilt,awiderangeofsportsactivitiescanbecarriedout,ofwhichtabletennis,footballaswellasrunningcompetitionsenjoygreatpopularity.Iamparticularlyfondofbasketballbecauseithasbeengivingmestrengthtoconfrontthechallengeinmylife.Tomygreatjoy,afamousnewsFinally,Isincerelyinviteyoutovisitourschoolandjoininthesportswebothlike.Yours,LiHuaFinally,Isincerelyinviteyou高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破高頻考點(diǎn)·探究突破Ⅰ.純記敘類文體記敘文是一種以敘述為主要表達(dá)方式的文體。它主要分為記人和敘事兩類。近幾年的高考完形填空題中的記敘文主要以敘事、記人為主,如幽默故事、童話、寓言、歷史故事、個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、人物傳記和新聞報(bào)道等。Ⅰ.純記敘類文體一、文體特點(diǎn)1.情節(jié)完整,寓意深刻。記敘文往往有著完整的故事情節(jié),作者娓娓道來(lái),在結(jié)尾處通常會(huì)有作者或當(dāng)事人的深刻體會(huì)。故事寓意深刻,耐人尋味。2.結(jié)構(gòu)明晰,過程細(xì)致。記敘文類型的完形填空在結(jié)構(gòu)上安排得很自然,時(shí)間、空間描寫順序一目了然。故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)果描寫得非常細(xì)致,且通常伴有作者或當(dāng)事人的豐富情感。一、文體特點(diǎn)3.內(nèi)容豐富,貼近生活。記敘文體涵蓋的內(nèi)容豐富,多為日常生活中發(fā)生的小事。小事雖小,但卻能以小見大,喚起讀者的共鳴。語(yǔ)言表達(dá)自然、流暢,學(xué)生們能夠比較容易地整體感知文章的情節(jié)。文章能夠?qū)⒅R(shí)、文化、教育、趣味性很好地融為一體。3.內(nèi)容豐富,貼近生活。4.考查內(nèi)容明確。(1)記人記敘文的完形填空主要考查內(nèi)容①根據(jù)對(duì)人物肖像的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物的氣質(zhì)和性格特征的理解。②根據(jù)對(duì)人物語(yǔ)言,如獨(dú)白、對(duì)話的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物心理的理解。③根據(jù)對(duì)人物行為的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物思想的理解。④根據(jù)對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)、典型事例的描寫,考查考生對(duì)人物精神面貌的理解。4.考查內(nèi)容明確。(2)敘事記敘文的完形填空主要考查內(nèi)容①根據(jù)對(duì)事情發(fā)展過程的描寫,考查考生對(duì)事物間邏輯關(guān)系的理解。②根據(jù)對(duì)事物的描寫,考查考生對(duì)作者寫作目的的理解。(2)敘事記敘文的完形填空主要考查內(nèi)容二、解題方法1.讀透首句,掌握主旨。重視首句,明確短文話題,了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。絕大多數(shù)記敘文的作者都會(huì)用一句話點(diǎn)明人物的姓名、身份或事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn),然后再逐漸深入介紹事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展,最后得出結(jié)論。所以讀透首句對(duì)于了解全篇至關(guān)重要,這就是我們理解文章內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的“突破口”。二、解題方法例(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Asabusinesswoman,Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection,

41

canalsodriveyoumad.They’llcomerushingin,

42

theirhandbag’sbeenstolen.They’ll

43

thattheyleftitinthechangingroom,createhavoc(混亂)andthen

44

ithadbeenintheircarallthetime.例(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)They’llhaveouthalfthe

45

intheshop,andwanttheonlystyleyoudon’thaveleftina

46

colour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeep

47

.

They’llhaveouthalfthe45分析

本文段首第一句話就點(diǎn)出了本文的人物和中心事件:一個(gè)生意人和他的顧客的關(guān)系。本段概括介紹了一些顧客讓作者和他的員工瘋狂的事件。接下來(lái)的文章主體部分則圍繞作者經(jīng)歷的一次特定事件,使作者學(xué)會(huì)了如何應(yīng)對(duì)“難纏”的顧客。分析本文段首第一句話就點(diǎn)出了本文的人物和中心事件:一個(gè)生意2.跳空速讀全文,掌握中心。速讀全文要求一氣呵成,跳過空格,快速閱讀,領(lǐng)會(huì)大意,把握中心。重點(diǎn)了解記敘文的要素,如:時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件等,從整體上把握文章的敘述順序和結(jié)構(gòu)主線。2.跳空速讀全文,掌握中心。例(2018·江蘇卷)RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavi