英語語法填空固定規(guī)律

英語語法填空固定規(guī)律英語語法填空固定規(guī)律英語語法填空固定規(guī)律xxx公司英語語法填空固定規(guī)律文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度語法填空又稱為開放式語篇填空，這一題型的測試是根據(jù)德國心理學(xué)家的格式塔心理學(xué)原理和英語語言學(xué)家布朗的語篇分析理論等，從語法的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與語法形式、詞匯的本義和轉(zhuǎn)義以及前后綴的變化、語境語篇的線索以及標(biāo)志詞等方面測試學(xué)生的整體語篇能力。1語篇型語法填空備考思路大致有如下特點：一、給出動詞基本形態(tài)，填寫詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)化(轉(zhuǎn)為名詞、形容詞)，或填寫謂語部分，可能需要填寫兩個或三個詞，或是填寫非謂語動詞;二、給出形容詞，需要填寫比較級、最高級，或詞性詞形轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞，或是填寫反義詞(前綴);三、給出副詞，填寫比較級、最高級，或是填寫反義詞;四、不給提示詞，主要填寫介詞、連詞、冠詞和代詞。有提示詞：考查謂語動詞非謂語動詞形容詞副詞無提示詞：考查冠詞介詞連詞代詞形容詞順序的：美小圓舊黃，法國木書房。2純空格試題的解題技巧語法填空是通過語篇在語境中考察語法知識的運用能力，我們在解題前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以先進行填寫。在讀懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語言環(huán)境去逐句分析，逐題解答。下面按題型設(shè)計分三種情況：一、純空格試題的解題技巧純空格填空題主要是填冠詞、介詞、代詞、連接詞(含從屬連詞和并列連詞)等虛詞。首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句子所缺成分確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子意思，確定具體填什么詞;或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。共有以下7個技巧：技巧1：在簡單句和并列句中，若句子缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞。技巧2：名詞前面，若沒有限定詞(冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等)，很可能是填限定詞。技巧3：名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動詞的賓語時，其前面，一定是填介詞。技巧4:若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞。技巧5：若兩個句子(即兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填并列連詞(連接并列的句子)或從屬連詞(連接定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句)。技巧6:由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。(1)由itis…that…強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，判斷it還是that。判斷方法：去掉itis…that…結(jié)構(gòu)，句子還是一個完整的句子就是強調(diào)句型。(2)由it作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格是否填it.(3)在倒裝句式中通常填only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not…until等詞。(4)so/such…that…句型(5)more…than…(與其說……不如說……，比……更……)句型。二、給出了動詞的試題解題技巧首先，判斷要填的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。然后按照以下兩點進行思考。技巧7：若句子沒有別的謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關(guān)系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞;若是謂語動詞，就要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)。技巧8:若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，還是不定式，確定的方法主要有：(1)作主語或賓語，通常用v-ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體情況。(2)作目的狀語或在形容詞后作狀語，一般用不定式。(3)作伴隨狀語，通常用分詞，若與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing);若是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞技巧9:動詞的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換主要做主語、賓語和定語。三、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧這類題主要是考查名詞、形容詞和副詞，根據(jù)該詞在句中所作句子成分確定用那種形式，具體技巧有以下三種。技巧10:作表語(在系動詞之后)、定語(修飾名詞)或賓補(表性質(zhì)狀態(tài))，通常用形容詞形式。技巧11:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。技巧12:有的詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類或詞性不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需要句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un-,im-,in-等，在詞根后加-less等。技巧13:括號中所給詞若是形容詞或副詞，有可能考查其比較級或最高級。IntheUnitedStates,therewere222people1.__________(report)tobebillionaires(億萬富翁)in2003.The2.__________oftheseisBillGates,worthatleast$41billion,whomadehismoney3.__________startingthecompanyMicrosoft.Mr.Gateswasonly21yearsold4.__________hefirsthelpedtosetupthecompanyin1976.Hewasabillionaire5.__________thetimehewas6.__________,therearestillsomeotherpeoplewhohavemadelotsofmoneyateven7.__________(young)ages.OtheryoungpeoplewhohavestruckitrichincludeJackieCooganandShirleyTemple.8.__________ofthesechildactorsmadeoveramilliondollars9.__________(act)inmoviesbeforetheywere14.But10.__________youngestbillionaireisAlbertvonThurnundTaxisofGermany,who,in2001,inherited(繼承)abilliondollarswhenheturned18!參考答案(1)1.reported2.richest/wealthiest3.by4.when5.by6.However7.younger8.Both9.acting10.the訓(xùn)練題1AccordingtotheHongKong-basednewspaperTaKungPao,JackieChan11participatedinthepromotionofmanyfamousbrandsofclothing,shoesandfoodinrecentyears.Severaldaysago,heshowedthepublica12(limit)editionfour-wheeldrivecar,13isespeciallymade14hispersonaltaste.AtthepressconferenceinSingaporeafewdaysago,Jackiesaidthathe15havecooperatedwithParjero,buttheplanwassuspended(暫緩)becauseofthesuddendeathofthecar16(design).LaterhedecidedtoworkwithhisoldpartnerRalliart,oneofthebrandsofMitsubishi,andfinallyrolledout(正式推出)thislimitededitioncarwithastoragecapacityof3,500cubiccentimetersofoil.Only50suchcarswillbeavailableintheworld.Asacarfan,Jackiehasparticipatedin17cardesignhimself.Thecar,18(decorate)withthesymbolsof“dragon”,issaidtobecomfortableandpowerful.Jackiesaidthatmakingthiscarwas19(fulfill)hisdream,nottomakemoney.Thepriceofthecarhasnotbeenannouncedyetdueto20statusofthelimitededitionanddifferenttaxationsystemsallovertheworld.訓(xùn)練題2Tablemannersvaryfromculturetoculture.Whatisacceptableinonecountry11beconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.Herewewilltellyouaboutthetraditionaltablemanners12themoderntablemannersinKorea.13(tradition),itwasthewoman’sjobtocookfoodand14(set)thetable.Thewomanwouldsit15herhusbandtomakesurethathehadeverythingheneededforapleasantmeal.Only16thehusbandfinished,wouldthewomanandherchildreneat.Nowadays,tablemannershavechangedalot.17ofthefamilymemberseattogetheratthesametime.Itiscommontoseeeveryonehelpwiththemeal,18(include)thehusband.Onetradition,however,hasnotchanged.Itisthattheoldestpersonstartsthemeal.19(stay)untiltheoldestpersonisfinishedisconsideredtobe20basictraditionofKoreantablemanners.答案：訓(xùn)練題111.has12.limited13.which14.to15.should16.designer17.the18.decorated19.tofulfill20.its訓(xùn)練題211.may12.and13.traditionally14.set15.by\beside16.after17.All18.including19.Staying20.aInthepastfewyears,quiteanumberofmenandwomenhavechosentodosomethinglesscompetitive.Theyareafraidthatthestressandstrainsofworkwillrobthem____11____joyandhappinessand____12____themharmbothphysicallyandmentally.Infact,however,stressisn’tthebadthing____13____itisoftensupposedtobe.Aboveall,____14____itgetsoutofcontrol,acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandchallenge,andtogivepurposeandsignificanceto____15____,otherwisemeaningless,idlelife.____16___,peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotentialandtoactualizetheirown_____17____(person)worth—theveryaimofahumanlife.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeand_____18___isnowaytoavoidit.Whatwecandois____19____(develop)ouradaptiveabilitiestodealwithitratherthantoescape____20___it.答案：11.of12.do13that14.unless15.an16.Moreover/Furthermore17.personal18.there19.todevelop20.fromOnkeepingaDiaryinEnglishKeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneofthe11._____(effect)waystoimproveourEnglishwritingability.12.______(compare)withotherformsofwriting,itisshorterandtakes13.______time.ItcanhelpustodevelopthehabitofthinkinginEnglish.14.______wepersistinthispractice,graduallywe’lllearnhowtoexpressourselvesinEnglish.InkeepingadiaryinEnglish,wecertainlyrunupagainstmany15.______.Inthefirstplace,16.______oftenhappensthatwehavetroublefindingappropriatewordsandphrasestogiveexpressiontoourmind.Secondly,therearemanyidiomaticwaysofsayingthingsinChinese.17.______itisextremelyhardforustoputthemintoEnglishproperly.AsfarasI18.______(concern),mysuggestionisthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.Wheneversomethingbeatsus,w