全新主題大學(xué)英語讀寫譯教程4-2

UnitTwoSectionAPre-readingQuestionsWhichAmericanPresidentimpr-youthemostWhatcontributiondoescharityworkmakelothesociety?Why?Haveyoueverdoneanyvoluntarywork?Ifso,teU-ustalkaboutit.Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytohelpthepoororthesick?If wereBillClinkm,whatwouldyoudoafterleavingoffice?WhatwouldAmericanPresidentsdoaftertheyleaveoffice?BillClintonchosetohelppeoplewhoreallyneedhishelpandthusbecqemeevenmore“powerful”thanwhenhewasthePresident.FORTUNEThePowerofPhilanthropy1WelcometotheworldoftheClintonFoundation—which,itshouldbesaidattheoutset,isnotafoundationatallinthetraditionalsense,becauseithasnomoneyofitsown.Whatitdoeshave,ofcourse,isBillClintonandallhebringswithhim:whatDr.RichardFeachem,executivedirectoroftheGlobalFund,callshis"personalbullypulpit”;whatBobCarson,outgoingchairmanoftheAmericanHeartAssociation,callshis''mind-bogglingconveningpower”;whatDougBand,whobeganasClinton'spersonalaideintheWhiteHouseandnowcarriesthetitleofcounselor,callshis"abilitytomotivatepeopleandmovemountains.ThepeoplehemotivatesareanoddbutpotentmixoflongtimealliesandFOBs,doctorsandactivists,andexecutivesrangingfromtheunknownandenormouslydedicated(BethCollins)tothehigh-profileandfranklyimprobable(longtimenemesisRupertMurdoch,whoisbankrollingaglobal-warminginitiative)."Wetakealotofcuesfromthebusinessworld,“saysClinton,whothesedayscansoundmorelikeaCEOthanapolitician."Wehaveveryentrepreneurialpeopleandaveryentrepreneurialprocess.Weidentifyaproblem,weanalyzeit,andwemove.^^Muchofhisstaffcomesfrombusiness,andhesaysusingbusinesspractices“allowsustodoalotwithrelativelysmallresources.^^TheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,bycontrast,hasa$30billionendowment."Yeah,I,dliketohavehismoney,“saysClintonofGates."ButIthinkourwayaddsvalue.It'skindofapaintoalwaysaskforfinancing,butperhapsitforcesyoutolookclosely.^^“Wehaveacultureofgettingthingsdone.Itisveryempoweringandveryunforgiving,saysAnilSoni,aformerMcKinseyconsultantwhoisnowCOOofClinton'sHIV/AIDSinitiative.44IraandClintonwillsay,"Peoplearegoingtodietomorrowifwedon'tdothis.5Andit'strue.^^Thefoundationdoesn'thaveaclearlydefinedhierarchyoradetailedbusinessplan.Itstentaclessproutfromneed,opportunity,andpassionratherthandesign."Wedon'thavecommittees,wedon'thaveprocesses,MsaysfoundationCEOBruceLindsey,whohasbeen

withClintonsinceArkansas."Ifadecisionneedstobemade,wemakeit.Ifwecanhelp,wehelpnow,nottomorrow.”CertainlynobodysoaksupthespotlightlikeClinton—ofcoursehegottogetherwithMadonnatodiscusswhattheymightdotosaveMalawi.Andinevitably,alltheshowmanshipcanmakeyouwonderaboutthesubstance.ButtocriticizeisalsotoacknowledgethatthebarishigherforClintonthanforanyoneelse.Insteadofjoiningcorporateboards.Je'sattackingmanyoftheworld'smostintractableproblems.￡CLINTON￡CLINTON<FOUNDATIONHeisnotgoingforthequickhits;he'sgoingwhereothershaven't.Andheagreesthatthebarshouldbesethigh:"IbelievealotshouldbeexpectedofmebecauseIwasgivenanastonishingHealsosayshehasopportunitiesnowthathedidn'thaveasPresident.'Therawpowerofthepresidencycanbewayoversold.Therearelimitstoit.”Uniqueasitis,theClintonFoundationalsostandsforsomethinglargerthanitself."Iamtryingtodothisinawaythatwillinspireotherpeople,Mhesays."Ihopethewaywedothingswillbecomemorethenorm."LiketheGatesFoundationandRobinHood,theClintonFoundationispartofanewturninphilanthropy,inwhichthelinesbetweennot-for-profits,politics,andbusinesstendtoblur.Inthishardheadedphilanthropicworld,outcomesmattermorethanintentions,influenceisn'tmeasuredindollarsalone,andyouhearbuzzwordslike“scalability,"''sustainability,"and''measurability”allthetime.AsClintonsays,"It'snicetobegoodhearted,butintheendthat'snothingmorethanself-indulgence.^^WhenClintonleftoffice,hedidn'thaveamasterplan.Therewereonlyahandfulofpeopleworkingonraisingmoneytobuildhislibraryandalotofrequests."Everyboard,everybank,everyhedgefundwantedsaysBand."Butheisnotacorporateanimal.He'sapublicservant.^^Afterleavingofficesome$10millionindebt,inthepastfiveyearsClintonhasmadeover$30milliongivingspeechesandmorethan$10millionasanadvanceforhisbook,MyLife;adealwithbusinessmanRonBurklecouldyieldhimtensofmillionsmore.Clintonsayshespendsmorethanhalfhistimeonthefoundation,andhe'stryingtogettothepointwherethat'sallhedoes.44Idon'tseehowwecouldhaveexplodedthisanyfasterandhadmoreimpactthanwehave,^^hesays."Westartedwithme,ahandfulofpeople,and$10millionindebt.^^Whenaskedifhehasanyfearoffailure,hesays,simply,"No."Thenheoffersalinethatyoumighthearfromamotivationalspeaker."Ifyoutryenoughthingsandareambitiousenough,you'regoingtofailatsome.Thethrillofthisistryingtodoit.”Heinsiststhathisfoundationisnotanattempttoatoneforpastsinsorcompensateforlostpower.4tIpromisedmyselfwhenIleftthepresidencythatIwouldnotspendonedaysittingandmopingandwishingIwasstillPresident,hesays.Herepeatsavariationofthisalittletoooftenforittobebelievable,though,andwhilehe'lldiscourseonthelimitsofpresidentialpower,healsorecountsatellinganecdote.SomeonerecentlyaskedhimifhethoughthewouldwindupdoingmoregoodasaformerPresidentthanhedidasPresident.“OnlyifIlivealongtime!^^hesaid.Intruth,noexplanationofBillClinton'smotivescandothemjustice.IshetryingtohelpHillarybygeneratinggoodwillandbuildingsupportamongbothRepublicansandDemocrats?He'lldenythatHillaryneedsanyhelp.Heissensitivetochargesthathedidn'tputastamponhistimeasPresident,andheacknowledgesafewfailuresaboutRwanda,hesays,“IdothinkIhaveadebtthere,andIdon'tthinkitcaneverbefullydischarged.,,Butifhehasanysenseofmissionnotaccomplished,hewon'tadmittoit.Clintoncastshismotivationsinmoralandreligioustermsandfrequentlymentionshisownmortality.Inaspeechayearago,hesaid,“Itwillbenefituseconomicallyifwedothis.Butweneedalittlehumilityhere.Ifwereallyhaveourreligiousteachingsgrounded,well,wewilldothisbecauseit'stherightthingtodo."Healsosaid,'Tvereachedanagenowwhereitdoesn'tmatterwhateverhappenstome.Ijustdon'twantanybodytodiebeforetheirtimeanymore.,^InHarlem,hepickedupapictureofhimselfandHillarybackinArkansas.wasonly39then,andIdidn'tlookit,“hesaid.4tIdidn'tlookmyageuntilIwas45,andthenitallwenttohell.^^He'sbeensayingthingslikethissince1996orso,whenheseemedtorealizethathisgraying-nowwhite-hairlenthimagravitashe'dlacked.Butafterquadruplebypasssurgery,whocansayhehasn'tearneditnow?ForthepeopleinMalawi,hesaid,therewasbutonechoice:toworktolive."That'stheway99%ofpeopleinhumanhistoryhavelived.Ifyou'reinthatnarrowclasswhocanlivetowork,youareprivilegednotjustnow,butinanysinglemomentthateverexisted.”Headded,t4Ifyoucandosomethingthatmakesadifference,youhaveamoralobligation.Butit'snotaburden,it'sajoy.Ithinkthosearemymotives,Mheconcluded.44Butwhocanreallyknow?”(1318words)NewWordsphilanthropy/>n(.?：_Y/”.[U]belieforpracticeofgivingmoneyandhelptopeoplewhoarepoororintrouble慈善;行善outset/i-?U /n.(sing.)startofsomething開始，開端bully* //a.(infml.)excellent,splendid好的，第一流的n.[C]someonewhofrightensorhurtssomeonewhoissmallerorweakerthantheyare恃強(qiáng)凌弱者vt.frightenorhurtsomeonewhoissmallerorweaker威嚇；欺侮pulpit/yU-yCL/n.[C]raised,box-likeplatforminachurchetc.fromwhichthepreacherspeaks(教堂的)講壇；布道壇outgoing*/h>LLUn「7a.1soontoleaveapositionofauthorityorpowerBP將離職的2friendlyandsociable.外向的；愛交際的mind-boggling/ J0n「7a.(colloq.)unbelievable,startling難以想象的；十分驚人的convene*/一/v.arrangeaformalmeetingorgatherforameeting召集(會(huì)議)；集合開會(huì)aideA/ /n.[C]someonewhosejobistohelpanotherpersoninhiswork助手，助理counsel/MJ 〃vt.(finL)advisesomeone建議counselor/h>U 2/n.[C]adviserorsomeonewhosejobistogiveadviceandhelptopeoplewithproblems顧問potent▲/yU /a,1powerfulandeffective強(qiáng)大的；有力的：有效的2havingastrongeffectonyew-one'sbodyormind強(qiáng)效的ally/ 小~?n/w.[CJ1someonewhohelpsandsupportsanotherpersonindifficultsituations支持者；盟友2countrythatmakesanagreementtohelporsupportanothercountry,esp.inawar盟國，同盟國//ifVv.joinwithotherpeopleorcountriestohelporsupporteachother與…結(jié)盟；與…聯(lián)合high-profile/方 Y-U+>n〃a.attractingalotofpublicattention引人注目的；高調(diào)的bankroll/3?/.**_U〃v/.providethemoneyforsomething為(某事)提供資金；資助global-wanning/IUV-+A.'7[U]slowincreaseinthetemperatureoftheEarthcausedpartlybythegreenhouseeffectincreasingtheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere全球變暖analyze/?/Oh>TI/vt.1examinesomethingindetailinordertounderstandorexplainit分析2examinesomeone'sthoughts,feelings,orbehaviorasawayofunderstandinganddealingwiththeiremotionalormentalproblem對(duì)，??進(jìn)行心理分析ofmoneythat-semeenegives-te-anifH由社Hien8ftheact e?d?wing捐款：wyeah/jeIad.(infinl.)yes是,是的financing/>h>TIJl.,7n.[U](managementof)supplyofmoney籌措資金unforgiving/A 0一Pl??/a.1notallowingtomakemistakes無情的；不容許出錯(cuò)的2notwillingtoforgivepeople不原諒人的hierarchy*/2n- /n.1[C/U]systemoforganizationinwhichpeopleorthingsaredividedintolevelsofimportance等級(jí)制度2[C]groupofpeopleincontrolofalargeorganizationorinstitution統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)tentacle/__Un.[CJ1similarpartorextension,esp.withrespecttotheabilitytograsporstretch(施加影響等的)渠道，途徑2longslenderarmsofsomeanimalusedforfeelingthingsorformoving觸須，觸角sproutA vi.appearorincreaseinnumbersuddenlyandveryquickly突然出現(xiàn),突然增加n.[C]newshootonaplant苗，芽；嫩枝soakLU/vt.（up,in）takeinoracceptmentally,esp.eagerlyandeasily攝取；吸收v.1putsomethingintoaliquidandleaveitthereforaperiodoftime浸；泡2makesomethingverywetorbecomeverywet浸濕；（使）濕透n.（sing.）1longperiodoftimespentinthebath泡浴；洗澡2periodoftimespentwhensomethingisleftinwateroranotherliquid浸泡；浸漬showmanship/ U干（T</n.[U]abilitytodothingsinalivelyandenthusiasticwaythatattractsattention善于表演的能力；吸引別人注意的技巧substance/_，一Jn.\[UJqualityofbeingimportant,real,ormeaningful重要性,真實(shí)性；實(shí)質(zhì)2[C]particulartypeofliquid,solid,orgas物質(zhì)3[U]（fml.）mostimportantpartofsomething主旨；要點(diǎn)；基本內(nèi)容4[U]（fiiiL）basicfactsthataretrue事實(shí)；真相criticize/SSJ-^Pl/v.1findfaultwith批評(píng)；指責(zé)2discusscritically評(píng)論；評(píng)價(jià)attack/」??/vt.beginworkingonsomethingwithenthusiasmanddetermination干勁十足地開始（做）intractable/Pl一一，〃a.1verydifficultorimpossibletodealwith棘手的；難對(duì)付的，難解決的2havingastrongwillanddifficulttocontrol倔強(qiáng)的；難以管束的hit-ZhfW―）~~suoeeg3H-ofpopuhrvenlun?成功presidency/yPl/n.[C]1jobofbeingpresident總統(tǒng)（院長、總裁等）職務(wù)2periodoftimethatsomeonehasIhejobofbeingpresident總統(tǒng)（院長、總裁等）任期way/_A/ad.byalargeamountordistance大大地；遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地oversell/U-vt.1praisesomeoneorsomethingtoomuch對(duì)?,?贊揚(yáng)過多；過分吹噓2sellmorethanisavailable超賣；賣空norm/**.+/n.[C]1usualornormalwayofdoingsomethingetc.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則;規(guī)范2somethingthatisusualorexpected平常事物，預(yù)料中的事物not-for-profit/ _AY_ApMn.[C]organizationofnotintendingtomakeaprofit非營利（性）組織hardheaded/hhA/a.practical,notsentimental講究實(shí)際的；不感情用事的scalability/_fV/n.[U]capabilityofbeingscaled可擴(kuò)展性；可攀升性sustainability人一fl-/n.[U]capabilityofcontinuingforalongtimeatthesamelevel可持續(xù)性measurability/￥一 [U]capabilityofbeingmeasured可測(cè)量性;可預(yù)測(cè)性goodhearted/U方JI/akind,generous,andhelpful好心腸的self-indulgence/_0A Jn.[U]practiceofallowingoneselftohaveordosomethingspecialthatonelikesverymuch,oftensomethingoneshouldnothaveordo自我放縱master/+一/a.1mostimportantorcontrolling重要的；控制的2superior優(yōu)秀的advance/ _Jn.[C]paymentforworkthatisgivenbeforetheworkiscomplete預(yù)付款explode/Pl-Y0U/vz.1increasealotinsize,amount,orimportanceoveraveryshortperiodoftime急劇增加,激增2expressstrongemotionsinasudden,noisyandoftenviolentway（情感）迸發(fā)；勃然大怒v.burst-ei^-￡makesomething）burstintosmallpieceswithaloudnoise（使）爆炸vethatastoryortheorythatmanypeoplebelieveisinfactfalse推翻；揭穿motivational/+UTI-D（Ja.tendingtomotivateemotion激發(fā)興趣的atone/_U/歷?showthatsomeoneissorryfordoingsomethingbadorwrong贖罪；彌補(bǔ)過失sin/JI/n.1[C/U]breakingofdivineormorallaw,esp.deliberately罪；罪孽2(sing.)offenceagainstgoodtasteorsomethingthatonestronglydisapprovesof過錯(cuò)；過失mitacrimeordosomethingthatiswrong3U罪；彳U過失compensate/A_CL/vi.changeorremovethebadresultofsomething補(bǔ)償；彌補(bǔ)也paysomeonemoneyinexchangeforsomethingthathasbeenlostordamagedorforsomeproblem賠償；補(bǔ)償mope/+U^/vi.feelboredorunhappyandshownointerestindoinganything沒精打采；悶悶不樂believable/bQ(.a.capableofbeingbelieved可信的；真實(shí)存在的discourse^/PL,.Jvi.speakorwriteatlengthonasubject論述/PLJn.[C]longandseriousspeechorpieceofwritingonaparticularsubject演講，論文Z工Pl relatiRgigapreskiem?總統(tǒng)的recount*/_/!i->UJvt.(finl.)tellsomeoneastoryordescribeaseriesofevents敘述；論述telling/r0nJ7a.1showingthetruthaboutasituationorshowingwhatsomeonereallythinks透露真相的；說明問題的2strikingorimpressive有力的；顯著的anecdote^/?:flUJn.[C]short,esp.trueaccountorstory軼事；趣聞|goodwill/Un.[U]1feelingofwantingtobefriendlyandhelpfultosomeone友好；善意2establishedreputationofabusiness信譽(yù)republicany，0n/n.[C]1(R-)memberorsupporterofUSRepublicanParty美國共和黨人；美國共和黨支持者2someonewhobelievesingovernmentbyelectedrepresentativesonly,withnokingorqueen共和主義者；擁護(hù)共和政體者democratA/ + 二；」n.[CJ1(D-)memberorsupporteroftheDemocraticPartyoftheUS美國民主黨人；美國民主黨支持者2someonewhobelievesintheidealsofdemocracy,personalfreedom,andequality民主主義者；民主人士discharge/dA /vt.(finl.)payadebt清償(債務(wù))n.(sing.)actofdoingadutyorpayingadebt(債務(wù)的)清償mortality/+,. —/n.[U]1factthatone'slifewillend必死性2numberofdeathswithinaparticulararea,group,etc.死亡率；死亡數(shù)economical/+Dt.1a.Retrequiringabtofmoneytoupeniterelatingtoirade.industryavdmoney經(jīng)濟(jì)上的leconomically/+Df./ad.4-inawayrelatingtomoney,tradeorbusiness在經(jīng)濟(jì)上2——沿…? usingmoney,goods,time,etc.,withoutwastinga”經(jīng)濟(jì)地：省錢地；節(jié)約地一teaching/_ A.,7n.[C/U]ideasorprinciplesofareligious,political,ormoralsystemofaparticularpersonorgroup教義；學(xué)說；政綱；道德觀gravitas/ Jn.[UJ(finl.)seriousnessandimportanceofmanner莊嚴(yán)的態(tài)度(或舉止)quadruple/_JJy〃a.1havingfourparts四部分組成的2fourtimesasbigorasmany四倍的v.makesomethingfourtimesbigger-(使)變成四倍bypass/$i—■<Jn.[C]medicaloperationinwhichtheflowofaperson'sbloodischangedtoavoidadiseasedpartoftheirheart心臟搭橋；心臟分流術(shù)privileged*/yJL(C\/a.havingadvantagesandopportunitiesthanotherpeople享有特權(quán)的；優(yōu)越的PhrasesandExpressionsattheoutsetbullypulpitatorfromthebeginningofaneventorprocess從一開始positionofauthoritythatgivessomeonetheabilitytoinfluencealotofpeople權(quán)力講壇，天字?號(hào)講壇能闡述日總觀點(diǎn)的機(jī)會(huì)4政治movemountains職位等）dosomethingsodifficultthatitseemsalmostimpossible做難以成allowsb.todoHth.bycontrast功的事makeilpossibleforsomeonet。dosomethin卜使…成為可能一usedwhenyoucomparingtwothingsorpeoplearecomparedandsoakupsayingsaying-thatthesecondoneissaid-te-be-verydifferentfromthefirst對(duì)比之下wonderaboutspendtimeexperiencing,listeningto,orfeelingsomethingenjoyable體驗(yàn)；聽??；感受standformasterplanthinkaboutsomeoneorsomethingbecauseyouhavedoubtsorareworriedaboutthem對(duì)…感到疑惑；對(duì)…感到不安represent代表hedgefundplangivingallthedetailsofhowyeu-oneintendstosucceedindoingsomethingdifficult總體設(shè)計(jì)；總體規(guī)劃?evysmallnumberofpeopleorthings幾個(gè),少數(shù)的publicservantindebtatoneforcompensatefordosb./sth.justicefinancialservicewheremoneyisinvestedinawaywhichtriestomakeverybigprofits,butwhichhasabigrisk對(duì)沖基金personwhoworksforacompanyoranorganization公務(wù)員owingmoneytootherpeople負(fù)債的besorryfordoingsomethingbadorwrong贖罪：彌補(bǔ)過失：補(bǔ)償changeorremovethebadresultsofsomething補(bǔ)償；彌補(bǔ)treatorrepresentsomebodyorsomethinginawaythatisfairandputastamponsth.showstheirbestqualities公平地對(duì)待某人（或某事）；充分展現(xiàn)某人（或某物）的最佳品質(zhì)gotohellmakesomethinghaveanimportanteffectorinfluenceonsomething在…上打上印記；對(duì)…產(chǎn)生重要影響becomeextremelyworse急居4惡化ProperNamestheClintonFoundation克林頓基金會(huì)（美國第42屆總統(tǒng)克林頓結(jié)束任期后建立的一家全球性非政府組織）Richard/jn一 a_+/theGlobalFundFeachem理查德?費(fèi)克姆（全球基金執(zhí)行主席）全球基金（2002年成立的在全球范圍內(nèi)為抗擊艾滋病、肺結(jié)核和瘧疾提供資助的非營利性機(jī)構(gòu)，總部位于瑞士日內(nèi)瓦）鮑勃?卡森

BobCarson/，，一/theAmericanHeartAssociationDougBand/ /FOB(FriendsofBill)BethCollins/$BobCarson/，，一/theAmericanHeartAssociationDougBand/ /FOB(FriendsofBill)BethCollins/$ 2n/Rupert Murdoch貝思?柯林斯魯珀特?默多克（目前世界上最大的跨國媒體集網(wǎng)二新聞集團(tuán)二的主要股東―董事長兼行政總裁。）/_Y_干U / 比爾一梅林達(dá)?蓋茨基金會(huì)（創(chuàng)辦于2000年的全球最大的慈善基金會(huì)，位于美國華盛頓州西雅圖市）theBillandMelindaGates安尼爾?索尼（現(xiàn)克林頓艾滋病項(xiàng)目的首席運(yùn)營官）FoundationAnilSoniFoundationAnilSoni/vCV. /McKinsey/+Cl./COO(ChiefOperatingOfficer)Ira/tPI_/m.BruceLindsey/$ 0n，Arkansas/ /Madonna/+If.Malawi/m￡ /RobinHood/_力U/MyLifeRonBurkle/ 3L1〃|Hillary/方fV_"Rwanda/JJv/Harlem/h???71926年）首席運(yùn)營官（協(xié)助許席執(zhí)行窗把經(jīng)營管理決策付諸實(shí)回艾拉布魯斯?林賽阿肯色州（位于美國中南部，克林頓曾任該州州長）麥當(dāng)娜（美國影視明星、歌手）馬拉維（非洲中南部國家，首都利隆圭）羅賓漢基金會(huì)（1988年成立的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，旨在幫助減少紐約市的貧困現(xiàn)象）《我的生活》（美國前總統(tǒng)克林頓的自傳）羅恩?伯克希拉里（克林頓夫人，現(xiàn)任美國國務(wù)卿）盧旺達(dá)（非洲中部國家，首都基加利）哈萊姆（美國紐約市的一個(gè)黑人居住區(qū)）ExercisesReadingAloudandMemorizingReadthefollowingparagraph,payingspecialattentiontointonation.Trytolearnitbyheart.Uniqueasitis,theClintonFoundationalsostandsforsomethinglargerthanitself."Iamtryingtodothisinawaythatwillinspireotherpeople/,hesays."Ihopethewaywedothingswillbecomemorethenorm.^^LiketheGatesFoundationandRobinHood,theClintonFoundationispartofanewturninphilanthropy,inwhichthelinesbetweennot-for-profits,politics,andbusinesstendtoblur.Inthishardheadedphilanthropicworld,outcomesmattermorethanintentions,influenceisn'tmeasuredindollarsalone,andyouhearbuzzwordslike“scalability","sustainability'',and"measurability“allthetime.AsClintonsays,"It'snicetobegoodhearted,butintheendthat'snothingmorethanself-indulgence/*ComprehensionoftheTextAnswerthefollowingquestions.Whyisn'ttheClintonFoundationatraditionalone?Whatdoesithave?WhatdoesClintongetfromthebusinessworld?What,accordingtoClinton,arethedifferencesbetweentheClintonFoundationandtheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation?HowdoestheClintonFoundationdevelopitsbusiness?DoesClintonagreethatthebarshouldbesethighforhim?Whyorwhynot?HowdoesClintonmakemoneyafterleavingofficeindebt?HowdoesClintonexplainhismotivations?WhatistheonlychoiceofthepeopleinMalawiinClinton^opinion?Why,inClinton'sopinion,shouldyoufeelprivilegedifyoucanworktolivetowork?InwhatwayistheClintonFoundationunique?VocabularyHI.Completethefollowingexplanationsordefinitionswithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.substancenormhierarchyanalyzeexploderecountsinallycompensatestandforA(n)isasystemoforganizationinwhichpeopleorthingshavedifferentranksorpositionsdependingonhowimportanttheyare.Ifyousomething,youconsideritcarefullyandindetailinordertounderstandorexplainit.isthequalityofbeingreal,importantorsignificant.A(n)isapersonwhohelpsandsupportsyouinwhatyouaretryingtodo,especiallywhenthereareotherpeoplewhoopposeyou.Ifsomething,itincreasessuddenlyandrapidlyinnumberorintensity.A(n)isanactionortypeofbehaviorwhichisbelievedtobreakthelawsofGod.A(n)isanofficialstandardorlevelofachievementthatyouareexpectedtoreach.Ifyouastoryorevent,youtellordescribeittopeople.Ifsomeoneorsomethinganidea,belief,orquality,theysupportitandarethoughtofasbeingasymbolofit.Ifyouforsomethingthatiswrongormissinginyourlife,youdosomethingthatremovesorreducestheharmfuleffectsithasonyou.IV.Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.outgoingallycompensateprivilegedfinaneewayanalyzecriticizeoutsetfundrecountdosb./sth.justicebycontrastahandfulofsoakupwonderaboutHeisgenerallyconsideredtobethePrimeMinister'sclosestpolitical.Becausemylefteyeissoweak,myrighteyehastoworkharderto.Itwasclearrightfromthethatthereweregoingtobeproblemsinthecompany.HewasfondofhowhehadplayedforManchesterUnitedwhenhewas19.TheschoofsforsportsandmusichavebeendramaticallyincreasedafterbeingadvertisedonTV.Theireconomyhasexpandedenormouslyinthelastfiveyears,whereasours,,hasdeclined.Theadministrationsoughttoenlistthenewappointeesinsupportofitsownpreferences.Firmsmustknowwhattheirwasteiscomposedoforhaveittofindout.Weareinhavingwithusintonight'sshowoneoftheworld'sgreatergrealestcomedians,Mr.LesDennis.Comparedwithotheropponents,Americancompaniesareaheadwhenitcomestobiotechnology.Thephotodidn'ther—shewasreallybeautiful.Hehadpublishednothingexceptessaysandreviews.Manypeoplehavebeentheprimeminister'scompetenceinthehandlingofthiscrisis.Hewasheavilyforsuggestingthatsomeoftheteamdidnotworkhardenough.Thevisitorscanwalkalongthesebustlingstreetsduringtheholidaysandjusttheatmosphere.V.Studythefollowingwordsinthebox.Thencompletethesentencesbelow.VerbNounAdjectiveAdverbcompensatecompensationcompensatorycriticizecriticismcriticalcriticallycompensate,compensation,compensatoryHerdaughterwasdisappointedthattheirvisithadtobecancelled,soto,hepromisedhertoacampingtrip.Atitsbest,daydreamingwasconsideredasubstitutefortherealthingsinlife.Ihavetospendthreemonthsoftheyearawayfromhome,buttherearelikeextrafreetimeandthechancetomeetnewpeople.criticize,criticism,critical,criticallyNooneweinterviewedspokeoftheprincessorherbrother.HowcanIhaveanyself-confidencewhenyouaresoofme?Socialserviceswerewidelyfornottakingmoreactiontoprotectchildrenatrisk.Itissaidthatplansforthenewroadhavedrawnfiercefromlocalpeople.WordBuildingVI.Anacronymisapronounceablewordformedfromtheinitialletterorlettersoftheconstituentwords,suchasNATO,andaninitialismisanabbreviationpronouncedrsthenamesoftheindiRidunlletters,tmdi§formedonlyfromtheinitialletterofeoiictituentwGFds%consistingofinitiallettersDrrnoimcodseparately,suchasCEO.Studytheexamplesbelow.initialismlnitialismAIDS=AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndromeCEO=ChiefExecutiveOfficerSALT=StrategicArmsLimitationTalksATM=AulomalicAutomatedTellerMachineNATO=NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganizationVOA=VoiceofAmericaGuessthemeaningofthefollowingabbreviationsandfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswiththewordsbelow.Changethefomiwherenecessary.GDP=RADARradar=VIP=COO=FBI=OPEC=TheisanagencyoftheAmericanDepartmentofjusticethatinvestigatescrimeinwhichanationallawisbrokenorinwhichthecountry'ssecurityisthreatened.Ifthecontinuestoshrink,thecountrywillbeinarecessionsoonerorlater.satellitesareusedtotracktargetsthroughcloudsandatnight.Itissaidthatseveralarearrivingfortheceremony.A(n)isacorporateofficerresponsibleformanagingtheday-to-dayactivitiesofthecorporationandforoperationsmanagement.hasmaintaineditsheadquartersinViennasince1965,andhostsregularmeetingsamongtheoilministersofitsMemberCountries.Usagesensitive/sensible/sensationalSensitive,sensibleandsensationalareallusedasadjectives.Weusesensitivetodescribetheemotionalwayinwhichwereacttothingsandhoweasilywereacttothingsandhowmuchweareawareofthingsorotherpeople.Forexample,Hehasalwaysbeenasensitivechild.//didn'trealizeshewassosensitiveaboutherwork.Sensiblereferstoourabilitytomakegoodjudgments.Weusesensibletodescribethereasonablewayinwhichwethinkaboutthingsordothings.Forexample,Itwouldn'tbesensibletostartalloveragainnow./Thereseemsasensiblewayofdealingwiththeproblem.Asensationalwayofdescribingsomethingmakesitseemmoreexcitingorshockingthanitreallyis,forexample,Thenewspaperscarriedsensationalreportsofsharkattack.Notethatwhensensitiveiscomplementedbyaprepositionalphrase,theprepositionisoftentoorabout.Forexample,Heissomewhatsensitivetocriticism.Whensensibleisusedwithof,itindicatesknowingorrecognizingsomething.Forexample,Hewassensibleofthetroublehehadcaused.VILCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinthebracketsintoEnglish.（是一篇聳人聽聞的報(bào)道）thatdidconsiderabledamagetohisreputation.（不是很明智）togooutonyourownsolateatnight.IfIhadknown（她這么容易生氣）,Iwouldn'thaveteasedher.He（對(duì)自己外表丑陋過分敏感）,sodon'tmentionit.Someengineerstaketheviewthatsincesomuchefforthasbeenputintomakingthissystemwork,（短期內(nèi)明智的做法是將這項(xiàng)工作繼續(xù)下去）ratherthanstartafresh.Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswith“sensible”,“sensitive"，or“sensational”.Whydon'tyoudosomethinginyoursparetime?Apersonisonewhoiseasilyhurtoroffendedbythingsthatpeopledoorsay.Itwouldbetoconsulteverybodyfirstbeforewemakeupourmind.Childrenaretodisapprovalandacljusttheirbehavioraccordingly.Themostrumorwasthatmorethan1.2millionpeoplewerekilledafterthepeacefulliberationofTibet.StructureCompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseintoEnglish,usingan-uinfinitive^phraseasthesubjectofthesentence.（讀而不思）islikeeatingwithoutdigesting.（沒有正確的政治觀點(diǎn)）islikehavingnosoul.Itisofvitalimportance（適當(dāng)?shù)刈鲆恍┯洃浘毩?xí)）inthestudyofaforeignlanguage.Everychildshouldbeclearlyinformedtha