閱讀理解及七選五專項(xiàng)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練三-高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

閱讀理解及七選五專項(xiàng)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練三閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：（共15個(gè)小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AIndependenceissomethingthatcanbedifficulttoachieve.Butdon’tworrybecauseherewehavefourbooksthatcanhelpyou.Ifyoudon’tbuylessthanthreeofthem,you’llbegivena20%discount!TheTotalMoneyMakeoverbyDaveRamseyTakingcareofyourfinanceishard.DaveRamsey,afamousbusinessman,isheretotakeyouonthewholeprocessofplanningyourfinance,andshowthemythsofcashadvancesanddebtconsolidation(債務(wù)重整),tomakesureyourfinanceishealthy.Price:$14.49Grace’sGuidebyGraceHelbigGraceHelbigsharedhertipstobecomingagrown-up.ThebookisfullofpersonalstoriesofHelbig,herstrugglesandthelessonsshelearntfromfailingmanytimes.Thisbookisyouron-the-gofunreadwithpicturesanddrawingsofHelbig,andworksheets(作記錄)topractice.Price:$7.95TheOhSheGlowsCookbookbyAngelaLiddonHavingsufferedfromeatingdisorderandlivingondiet,AngelaLiddonpromisedtoeathealthilyforever.Shethrewoutherfat-freebutterspray(黃油噴霧)andlow-caloriefrozendinnersafterlearninghowtoproperlycook.Thisbookcontainsmorethan100recipes(食譜)coveringbreakfast,salads,soups,powersnacksandthemaindishesforahealthymealatanytimeoftheday.Weallknowthathealthyeatingisallpartofbeingindependent.Price:$22.22TinyBeautifulThingsbyCherylStrayedLifecanbehard,especiallywhenitcomestorelationshipswithothers.Inthebook,Strayedgivesadviceonloveandlife.Shewritesaboutdifferentsubjects:asonrejectedbyhisparents,amotherwhohaslostherchild.Andthemessagehiddenthroughoutallheradviceisalwaysthat,ifyouwantagoodlife,youhavetocreateit.Price:$8.7621.Howmuchwillyousaveatleastifyoubuythreeofthelistedbooks?A.$5.68. B.$6.24. C.$8.95. D.$9.10.22.WhatisspecialforthebookGrace’sGuide?A.Itisabouthowtogrowuphealthily.B.Itismainlyabouthowtoworkbetter.C.Itisbasedonitsauthor’slifeexperience.D.Itteachesreaderstolearnfromothers’lifestories.23.Whichbookshouldyouchooseforsomeonewhoisbadatgettingalongwithothers?A.Grace’sGuide. B.TinyBeautifulThings.C.TheTotalMoneyMakeover. D.TheOhsheGlowsCookbook.BTechgiantsAppleandGoogleareteaminguptocreateasystemthatwouldletsmartphoneusersknowwhenthey'vecomeintocontactwithsomeonewhohasCOVID-19.ThetechnologywouldrelyontheBluetoothsignalsthatsmartphonescanbothsendoutandreceive1aperscntestspositive(陽(yáng)性)forCOVID-19,theycouldinformpublichealthauthoritiesthroughanapp.Thosepublichealthappswouldthenwarnanyonewhosesmartphonesbadcometeartheinfectedperson'sphoneintheprevious14days.ThetechnologycouldbeusedonbothGoogleAndroidphonesandAppleiPhones.Thecompaniesinsistthattheywillpreservesmartphoneusers'privacyandtheirtechnologywillbeusedonlybypublichealthauthoritiestotracethespreadofCOVID-19.Smartphoneuserscanchoosetouseit.Thesoftwarewillnotcollectdataonusers'physicallocationsortheirpersonallyidentifiableinformation.Peoplewhotestpositivewouldremainunknowntothepublic,bothtothepeoplewhocameincontactwiththemandtoAppleandGoogle.“Privacyisofgreatestimportanceinthiseffort,”thecompaniessaidinajointstatement.TheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionhaswarmedthatusingcellphonedatatohandlethepandemiccarriesrisksof“destructionofprivacy”.InastatementonFriday,ACLUcybersecuritycounselJenniferGranicksaid,Thesystemalsocan'tworkwellifpeopledon’ttrustit”.ShesaidthatthejointAppleandGoogleproject“appearstoreducetheworstprivacyrisks,butthereisstillroomforimprovement.”Sheaddedthatthecontacttracingappshouldbeusedonlyforpublichealthpurposesandonlyforthedurationofthispandemic.Publichealthofficialssaythecontacttracing-findingpeoplewhohavebeenincontactwithaninfectedpersonwillbeakeystepinliftingshelterin-placerestrictionsItwouldallowpeoplewhoareknowntohavebeenexposedtothevirustoisolatethemselves,whilelettingothersrecovernormalactivities.24.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toadvertiseforpublichealth.B.Tointroduceacontacttracingsystem.C.TowarnthepublicofrisksofCOVID-19.D.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofprivacyprotection.25.Whatdothecompaniespromisetodoinparticular?A.Warnpeoplewhotestpositive.B.Protectinfectedpeople'sprivacy.C.Workwithpublichealthauthorities.D.Collectdataonusersphysicallocations.26.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4suggest?A.Publichealthissuesaretracedaccurately.B.Onlypeople'strustinfluencesthesystem.C.Thesystemisattheriskofbeingdestroyed.D.Jenniferthinksthesystemshouldbebetter.27.Thesystemismainlydesignedto.A.ensureinfectedpeople'srecoveryB.guaranteepeople'snormalactivitiesC.helppreventthespreadofCOVID-19D.encourageallthepeopletoisolatethemselvesCTheU.S.PostalService(USPS)continuestobleedredink.Itreportedanetlossof$5.6billionforfiscal2016,the10thstraightyearitsexpenseshaveexceededrevenue.Meanwhile,ithasmorethan$120billioninunfundedliabilities,mostlyforemployeehealthandretirementcosts.Therearemanybankruptcies.Fundamentally,theUSPSisinahistoricsqueezebetweentechnologicalchangethathaspermanentlydecreaseddemandforitsbread-and-butterproduct,first-classmail,andaregulatorystructurethatdeniesmanagementintheflexibilitytoadjustitsoperationstothenewreality.Andinterestgroupsrangingfrompostalunionstogreeting-cardmakersexertself-interestedpressureontheUSPS’sultimateoverseer-Congress-insistingthatwhateverelsehappenstothePostalService,aspectsofthestatusquotheydependongetprotected.Thisiswhyrepeatedattemptsatreformlegislationhavefailedinrecentyears,leavingthePostalServiceunabletopayitsbillsexceptbydeferringvitalmodernization.Nowcomeswordthateveryoneinvolved—Democrats,Republicans,thePostalService,theunionsandthesystem’sheaviestusers—hasfinallyagreedonaplantofixthesystem.LegislationismovingthroughtheHousethatwouldsaveUSPSanestimated$28.6billionoverfiveyears,whichcouldhelppayfornewvehicles,amongothersurvivalmeasures.Mostofthemoneywouldcomefromapenny-per-letterpermanentrateincreaseandfromshiftingpostalretireesintoMedicare.Thelatterstepwouldlargelyoffsetthefinancialburdenofannuallypre-fundingretireehealthcare,thusaddressingalong-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunion.IfitclearstheHouse,thismeasurewouldstillhavetogetthroughtheSenate—wheresomeoneisboundtopointoutthatitamountstothebare,bareminimumnecessarytokeepthePostalServiceafloat,notcomprehensivereform.There’snochangetocollectivebargainingattheUSPS,amajoromissionconsideringthatpersonnelaccountsfor80percentoftheagency’scosts.AlsomissingisanydiscussionofeliminatingSaturdayletterdelivery.Thatcommon-sensechangeenjoyswidepublicsupportandwouldsavetheUSPS$2billionperyear.Butpostalspecial-interestgroupsseemtohavekilledit,atleastintheHouse.Theemergingconsensusaroundthebillisasignthatlegislatorsaregettingfrightenedaboutapoliticallyembarrassingshort-termcollapseattheUSPS.Itisnot,however,asignthatthey’regettingseriousabouttransformingthepostalsystemforthe21stcentury.28.ThefinancialproblemwiththeUSPSiscausedpartlyby__________.A.itsunbalancedbudget B.itsrigidmanagementC.thecostfortechnicalupgrading D.thewithdrawalofbanksupport29.Thelong-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunionscanbeaddressedby________.A.removingitsburdenofretireehealthcareB.makingmoreinvestmentinnewvehiclesC.adoptinganewrate-increasemechanismD.attractingmorefirst-classmailusers30.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorseemstoviewlegislatorswith__________.A.respectB.toleranceC.discontentD.gratitude31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheUSPSStartstoMissItsGoodOldDays.B.ThePostalService:KeepAwayfromMyCheese.C.TheUSPS:ChronicIllnessRequiresaQuickCure.D.ThePostalServiceNeedsMorethanaBand-Aid.DOneoftheclassicscience-fictiontreatmentsoftheendofcivilizationwasTheDeathofGrass,byJohnChristopher,inwhichamysterioussicknessstruckdownallthegrassesonwhichmostoftheworld'sagricultureisbased,fromricetowheat.Tntheend,politicsamongthesurvivorsofdisease,warandfaminewerereducedtobitterfratricidalstruggleoveradefensiblepotatopatch.Likemostoftheso-called''comfortabledisaster"novels,thiscouldbecriticizedforoptimism.Depressingasafutureoffamineandthewarofallagainstallmightseem,theconsequenceswerelargelylimitedtohumans.However,thethreatenedextinctionofinsectpopulationsaroundtheworldraisestheprospectofamuchlessgeneraldisaster,whichwouldinvolveplants,birds,fish,smallmammals,andeverythingelsedependingoninsects.That'sjustthestart.Otherspecies,andweourselves,dependontheanimalsandplantsthatneedinsects.Whentheygo,wego.Thisisnotjustagreaterdisaster.It'samuchmorereasonableone.Themostrecentstudyhasconcludedthatinsectbiomassisdecreasingaroundtheworldatarateof2.5%ayear.Atthatrate,halftheinsectsintheworldwillbegonein50years'time,andalloftheminacentury—thoughnoonewillbekeepingtrackofcenturiesthen.Thechiefdriverofthisdisasterisuncheckedhumangreed.Ispiteourindividualandevencollectivecleverness,webehaveasaspecieswithaslittleforesightasacolonyofnematodewormsthatwillconsumeeverythingthatitcanreachuntilallisgoneanditdiesoffnaturally.Thechallengeofbehavingmoreintelligentlythancreaturesthathavenobrainatallwillnotbeeasy.Butunlikethenematodes,weknowwhattodo.TheUNconventiononbiodiversitywassignedin1992,alongsidetheconventiononclimatechange.Givingitthestrengthtoholdbackourappetitesisnowurgent.Biodiversityisnotanoptionalextra.Itisthewebthatholdsalllife,includinghumanlife.Thetwomainexpressionsofgreedthatspeedthisapocalypseareglobalwarmingandindustrialagriculture.Itappearsthatmostofthedamageisbeingdoneinthedevelopedworldbyfarmingpractices.Theuseofgiantfields,lackofshelterforinsectsofanysortatall,whethertheyareharmfultohumaninterestsornot,andwheretheplantsaredrenchedinlong-lastingpesticides,isfatalforuncountedbillionsofinsects.Theeffectsofthiskindofformingreachbeyondthefieldsimmediatelyaffected,too.Therehasbeenahugelossofaquaticinsectspeciesfromtheriversintowhichtheproductsofindustrialagricultureareflushedbyrain.EveninGermannaturereserves,whicharebydefinitionprotectedfromtheuseofpesticides,therehavebeensleepfallsininsectpopulationsbecausesomanyofthemostwidelyusedonesarepersistentandpreventbreeding.32.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutTheDeathofGrassistrue?A.Itholdsanoptimisticattitudetowardsfamineinthefuture.B.Itunderstatestheseverityofthedisasterfacingtheworld.C.Itgivesavividaccountofthemostseriousfamineinhistory.D.Itdemonstrateshowevilhumannatureturnsouttobe.33.Inparagraph2,thewritermentionsthemostrecentstudyinorderto________.A.provethatthepredictionaboutthegreatdisastermakessenseB.showhowsoontheinsectsworldwidewillgoextinctC.argueforthenecessitytoprotectinsectpopulationsD.suggestapossibleapproachtoincreasinginsectbiomass34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Humansaresimilartonematodeinthatbothofthemlackforesight.B.Wehaven'tdoneenoughaboutmaintainingbiodiversity.C.Modemfarmingistoblameforthethreatenedextinctionofinsects.D.Germanysetsagoodexamplebyminimizingtheuseofpesticides.35.Whatwilltheauthorprobablydiscussafterthelastparagraph?A.Howindustrialagriculturebringsaboutapocalypse.B.Whatinfluencepesticidesmayhaveonpeople'slives.C.WhyinsectpopulationsinGermanyareonthedecline.D.Whereuncheckedhumangreedcanalsobyspotted.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Scientistsand

spiritual

teachersalikeagreethatthesimpleactofsmilingcantransformyouandtheworldaroundyou.Itcanmakeusappearmoreattractivetoothers.___36___Sobeforeyoureadon,slapanice,genuinesmileonthatfaceofyours.HowSmilingAffectsYourBrainTheactofsmilingactivates

neural

messagingthatbenefitsyourhealthand

happiness.Forstarters,smilingactivatesthereleaseofneuropeptides(神經(jīng)肽)thatworktowardfightingoff

stress.Thefeel-goodneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)介質(zhì))areallreleasedwhenasmileflashesacrossyourfaceaswell.___37___HowSmilingAffectsYourBodyYou’reactuallybetter-lookingwhenyousmile.AstudypublishedinthejournalNeuropsychologiareportedthatseeinganattractive,smilingfaceactivatestheregioninyourbrainthatprocessessensoryrewards.___38___Italsoexplainsthe2011findingsbyresearchersattheFaceResearchLaboratory.Theyfoundthatbothmenandwomenweremoreattractedtoimagesofpeoplewhomadeeyecontactandsmiledthanthosewhodidnot.___39___Didyouknowthatyoursmileisactuallycontagious(傳染性的)?InaSwedishstudy,subjectswereshownpicturesofseveralemotions:joy,

angerandsurprise.Whenthepictureofsomeonesmilingwaspresented,theresearchersaskedthesubjectstofrown.Instead,theyfoundthatthefacialexpressionswentdirectlytowhatsubjectssaw.___40___Iftheydon’t,they’remakingaconsciouseffortnotto.A.HowSmilingAffectsThoseAroundYouB.Eachtimeyousmile,youthrowalittlefeel-goodpartyinyourbrain.C.Soifyou’resmilingatsomeone,it’slikelytheycan’thelpbutsmileback.D.Anditcanevenlengthenourlives.E.HowSmilingAffectsYourFacialExpressionsF.Theynotonlyrelaxyourbody,butalso

loweryourheartrateandbloodpressure.G.Thissuggeststhatwhenyouviewapersonsmiling,youactuallyfeelrewarded.閱讀理解及七選五專項(xiàng)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練三參考答案閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：（共15個(gè)小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）A【答案】21.B22.C23.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了四本書，可以在如何獨(dú)立方面幫助你?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Ifyoudon’tbuylessthanthreeofthem,you’llbegivena20%discount!如果你買至少3本書以上，就會(huì)得到20%的折扣，如果你買了三本書，至少能?。?4.49+7.95+8.76）*0.2=6.24，至少能省$6.24。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grace’sGuidebyGraceHelbig部分的ThebookisfullofpersonalstoriesofHelbig這本書充滿了Helbig的個(gè)人故事，由此可知，《格雷斯指南》這本書的特別之處是基于作者的生活經(jīng)歷。故選C。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TinyBeautifulThingsbyCherylStrayed部分的Lifecanbehard,especiallywhenitcomestorelationshipswithothers.生活可能會(huì)很艱難，尤其是當(dāng)涉及到與他人的關(guān)系時(shí)。由此可知，對(duì)于不善于與人相處的人，你應(yīng)該選擇TinyBeautifulThings這本書，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】同義轉(zhuǎn)寫，是高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解的文章和選項(xiàng)的表達(dá)手段。如第2小題應(yīng)抓住題干中的“author’slifeexperience”和原文中的“personalstories”是異曲同工的效果，故能夠迅速確定答案的位置。B【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文?？萍季揞^蘋果公司和谷歌公司正在合作開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可以讓智能手機(jī)用戶知道他們已經(jīng)接觸了COVID-19患者。文章介紹了這一技術(shù)的工作原理，開(kāi)發(fā)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的公司就用戶隱私問(wèn)題做出了一些聲明，其他相關(guān)組織和個(gè)人對(duì)此表達(dá)了自己的看法?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段TechgiantsAppleandGoogleareteaminguptocreateasystemthatwouldletsmartphoneusersknowwhenthey'vecomeintocontactwithsomeonewhohasCOVID-19.可知科技巨頭蘋果公司和谷歌公司正在合作開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可以讓智能手機(jī)用戶知道他們已經(jīng)接觸了COVID-19患者。結(jié)合文章介紹了這一技術(shù)的工作原理，開(kāi)發(fā)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的公司就用戶隱私問(wèn)題做出了一些聲明，其他相關(guān)組織和個(gè)人對(duì)此表達(dá)了自己的看法。由此可推知，這篇文章的主要目的是介紹一種COVID-19接觸者追蹤系統(tǒng)。故選B。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Thecompaniesinsistthattheywillpreservesmartphoneusers'privacyandtheirtechnologywillbeusedonlybypublichealthauthoritiestotracethespreadofCOVID-19.Smartphoneuserscanchoosetouseit.Thesoftwarewillnotcollectdataonusers'physicallocationsortheirpersonallyidentifiableinformation.Peoplewhotestpositivewouldremainunknowntothepublic,bothtothepeoplewhocameincontactwiththemandtoAppleandGoogle.“Privacyisofgreatestimportanceinthiseffort,”thecompaniessaidinajointstatement.可知這些公司堅(jiān)稱，他們將保護(hù)智能手機(jī)用戶的隱私，而且他們的技術(shù)只會(huì)被公共衛(wèi)生部門用于追蹤C(jī)OVID-19的傳播。智能手機(jī)用戶可以選擇使用它。該軟件不會(huì)收集用戶的物理位置或個(gè)人身份信息。那些被檢測(cè)為陽(yáng)性的人將不會(huì)被公眾所知，無(wú)論是接觸過(guò)他們的人，還是蘋果和谷歌公司。兩家公司在一份聯(lián)合聲明中表示：“在這項(xiàng)努力中，隱私是最重要的。”由此可知，這些公司承諾保護(hù)感染者的隱私。故選B?！?6題詳解】句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文Sheaddedthatthecontacttracingappshouldbeusedonlyforpublichealthpurposesandonlyforthedurationofthispandemic.可知她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，接觸者追蹤應(yīng)用程序只能用于公共衛(wèi)生目的，而且只能在疫情持續(xù)期間使用。由此可知，Jennifer認(rèn)為蘋果和谷歌的合作項(xiàng)目“似乎降低了最嚴(yán)重的隱私風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但仍有改進(jìn)的空間，應(yīng)該更好”。即，劃線句子意思為“Jennifer認(rèn)為這個(gè)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該更好”。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Itwouldallowpeoplewhoareknowntohavebeenexposedtothevirustoisolatethemselves,whilelettingothersrecovernormalactivities.可知它可以讓已知接觸過(guò)病毒的人隔離自己，同時(shí)讓其他人恢復(fù)正?；顒?dòng)。由此可推知，該系統(tǒng)主要用于幫助防止COVID-19的傳播。故選C。C【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。本文通過(guò)列舉美國(guó)郵政局連續(xù)十年財(cái)政赤字的事實(shí)，闡述了造成這一問(wèn)題的原因是技術(shù)變革導(dǎo)致的需求降低和管理僵化，呼吁有關(guān)部門進(jìn)行徹底的改革。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Fundamentally,theUSPSisinahistoricsqueezebetweentechnologicalchangethathaspermanentlydecreaseddemandforitsbread-and-butterproduct,first-classmail,andaregulatorystructurethatdeniesmanagementintheflexibilitytoadjustitsoperationstothenewreality.”（從根本上說(shuō)，美國(guó)郵政正處于一個(gè)歷史性的兩難境地：技術(shù)變革永久性地降低了對(duì)其基本產(chǎn)品和一等郵件的需求，監(jiān)管結(jié)構(gòu)使管理層無(wú)法靈活地根據(jù)新的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況調(diào)整其運(yùn)營(yíng)。）可知，美國(guó)郵政出現(xiàn)財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題一方面是由于技術(shù)變革導(dǎo)致對(duì)其產(chǎn)品需求的減少，一方面是管理層無(wú)法靈活地根據(jù)新的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況調(diào)整其運(yùn)營(yíng)策略，由此可知，美國(guó)郵政的財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題部分是因?yàn)楣芾斫┗瘜?dǎo)致的。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Mostofthemoneywouldcomefromapenny-per-letterpermanentrateincreaseandfromshiftingpostalretireesintoMedicare.Thelatterstepwouldlargelyoffsetthefinancialburdenofannuallypre-fundingretireehealthcare,thusaddressingalong-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunion.”（大部分資金將來(lái)自每封信一便士的永久性加息，以及將郵政退休人員轉(zhuǎn)入醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)。后一個(gè)步驟將在很大程度上抵消每年為退休人員醫(yī)療保健預(yù)先提供資金的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)，從而解決USPS及其工會(huì)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的抱怨。）可知，通過(guò)將郵政退休人員轉(zhuǎn)入醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，在很大程度上抵消每年為退休人員醫(yī)療保健預(yù)先提供資金的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)，這樣就解決USPS及其工會(huì)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的抱怨，由此可知，USPS及其工會(huì)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的抱怨可以通過(guò)減輕退休人員帶來(lái)的醫(yī)療負(fù)擔(dān)來(lái)解決。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Thatcommon-sensechangeenjoyswidepublicsupportandwouldsavetheUSPS$2billionperyear.Butpostalspecial-interestgroupsseemtohavekilledit,atleastintheHouse.Theemergingconsensusaroundthebillisasignthatlegislatorsaregettingfrightenedaboutapoliticallyembarrassingshort-termcollapseattheUSPS.”（這種常識(shí)性的改變得到了廣泛的公眾支持，每年將為美國(guó)郵政節(jié)省20億美元。但郵政特殊利益集團(tuán)似乎已經(jīng)扼殺了它，至少在眾議院是如此。圍繞該法案達(dá)成的共識(shí)表明，立法者們對(duì)美國(guó)郵政在政治上令人尷尬的短期崩潰感到害怕。）可知，這項(xiàng)改變得到了廣泛的公眾支持并將為美國(guó)郵政節(jié)省20億美元，但卻被郵政特殊利益集團(tuán)扼殺了，因?yàn)榱⒎ㄕ邆儗?duì)美國(guó)郵政在政治上令人尷尬的短期崩潰感到害怕，由此可知推斷出，在最后一段中，作者似乎對(duì)立法者表示不滿，因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有勇氣進(jìn)行改變，對(duì)美國(guó)郵政在政治上令人尷尬的短期崩潰感到害怕。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章，結(jié)合第一段關(guān)鍵句“TheU.S.PostalService(USPS)continuestobleedredink.Itreportedanetlossof$5.6billionforfiscal2016,the10thstraightyearitsexpenseshaveexceededrevenue.”（美國(guó)郵政局繼續(xù)赤字。該公司報(bào)告2016財(cái)年凈虧損56億美元，這是其支出連續(xù)第十年超過(guò)收入。）可知，本文通過(guò)列舉美國(guó)郵政局連續(xù)十年財(cái)政赤字的事實(shí)，闡述了造成這一問(wèn)題的原因是技術(shù)變革導(dǎo)致的需求降低和管理僵化，呼吁有關(guān)部門進(jìn)行徹底的改革，“ThePostalServiceNeedsMorethanaBand-Aid.”意為“郵政服務(wù)需要的不僅僅是權(quán)宜之計(jì)?！蹦軌蚋爬ㄎ恼轮饕獌?nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)。D【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了世界各地的昆蟲種群面臨滅絕的威脅，增加了一場(chǎng)不那么普遍的災(zāi)難的可能性，這將涉及植物、鳥類、魚類、小型哺乳動(dòng)物和其他一切依賴?yán)ハx的東西。而造成這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難的主要原因是人類未受抑制的貪婪。加速這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難的兩大貪婪表現(xiàn)形式是全球變暖和工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Likemostoftheso-called''comfortabledisaster"novels,thiscouldbecriticizedforoptimism.(就像大多數(shù)所謂的“舒適的災(zāi)難”小說(shuō)一樣，這部小說(shuō)也可能因樂(lè)觀而受到批評(píng))”可知，關(guān)于TheDeathofGrass對(duì)世界面臨的災(zāi)難過(guò)于樂(lè)觀，低估了其嚴(yán)重程度，B選項(xiàng)“它低估了世界面臨的災(zāi)難的嚴(yán)重性”正確。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Likemostoftheso-called''comfortabledisaster"novels,thiscouldbecriticizedforoptimism.Depressingasafutureoffamineandthewarofallagainstallmightseem,theconsequenceswerelargelylimitedtohumans.”（就像大多數(shù)所謂“舒適的災(zāi)難”小說(shuō)一樣，這部小說(shuō)也可能因樂(lè)觀而受到批評(píng)。盡管未來(lái)的饑荒和所有人對(duì)所有人的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)似乎令人沮喪，但其后果在很大程度上僅限于人類）及第二段“However,thethreatenedextinctionofinsectpopulationsaroundtheworldraisestheprospectofamuchlessgeneraldisaster,whichwouldinvolveplants,birds,fish,smallmammals,andeverythingelsedependingoninsects.That'sjustthestart.Otherspecies,andweourselves,dependontheanimalsandplantsthatneedinsects.Whentheygo,wego.Thisisnotjustagreaterdisaster.It'samuchmorereasonableone.Themostrecentstudyhasconcludedthatinsectbiomassisdecreasingaroundtheworldatarateof2.5%ayear.Atthatrate,halftheinsectsintheworldwillbegonein50years'time,andalloftheminacentury—thoughnoonewillbekeepingtrackofcenturiesthen.(然而，世界各地昆蟲種群的滅絕威脅提出了一個(gè)更不普遍的災(zāi)難的前景，這將涉及植物、鳥類、魚類、小型哺乳動(dòng)物和其他一切依賴?yán)ハx的動(dòng)物。這只是一個(gè)開(kāi)始。其他物種，還有我們自己，都依賴于需要昆蟲的動(dòng)物和植物。當(dāng)它們消失了，我們也會(huì)消失。這不僅僅是一場(chǎng)更大的災(zāi)難，而且更合理。最新的研究得出結(jié)論，全世界的昆蟲生物量正在以每年2.5%的速度減少。按照這個(gè)速度，世界上一半的昆蟲將在50年后消失，而所有的昆蟲將在一個(gè)世紀(jì)后消失——盡管那時(shí)沒(méi)有人在記錄世紀(jì)的歷史)”可推知，在第二段中，作者提到最近