英語高考真題卷-北京卷（含答案解析）

2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試?北京卷英語第一部分:知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),45分)第一節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I](voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother,*'HowwillImakefriends?'1Shehandedmeadvice.nBeyourself."Forthepast20years,Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously2(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto3(I)thetwosimplewords"Beyourself,.BEarthDay,4(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.Firstcelebrated51970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地區(qū)).Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious6(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree,makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables,orsavepower——thepossibilitiesareendless.CDoesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?Researchonthequestion 7(suggest)that,formoststudents,itdoesn't.Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan 8 theygo.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9aretotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(資源).Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit'snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand10(meaning)collegeexperience.第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，共30分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhisneighbourhoodarriveattheircollegeclassesontime.Aretiredengineer,76-year-oldWilsonhasbeen11freeridestocollegestudentsforthepasteightyears.Sincehefirststarted12hiscartotheyoungpeople,Wilsonhas13anastonishing64,000miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorous14withthestudentshetransportstoandfromschool.Thestudentswhohe's15havegoneontobecomephysicians,teachersandengineers,butwhatthey'vealsogotoutoftheirtimeinschoolisfindingarolemodelandafriendinWilson.Somestudents16callhim"Grandpa".TinaStem17ridesfromWilsonfbrallherfouryearsincollege,andthetripsmeantmuchmoretoherthanjustfree18."It'snotjustaride;you'renotjustsittingtherein19silenceorwithyourheadphoneson,"Stemsaid."Heasksyouquestionsandactually20theanswers,sothenexttimeyouridewithhim,he'll21thosethings.'*Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganisation,OnPointforCollege.Althoughthe22asksthemembersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses,Wilsonoftengoes23toensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.Iftheyhaveproblemswithregistration,Wilsonisthereto24them.Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities,Wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhat'sneeded.Ifastudentgetshungryonthelongdrivestoandfromschool,Wilsonnever25tobuythemameal.Formanystudents,Wilson'shelpisnotonlyappreciated,it'salsoentirely26fbrthemtobeabletocompletetheircollegeeducation.Somestudentsdon'thaveareliablecar,whileothershaveto27vehicleswithparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.Forthem,ridingwithWilsonhas28themtocompletetheireducationbutaccordingtoWilson,hebenefitsjustasmuchfromthe29JIjustlovedriving,andIlovethesekids,"Wilsonsaid."It'ssucha（n）30tobeapartofthesekids'lives,evenjustfbrafewhours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.H11.A.linkingB.sendingC.offeringD.distributing12.A.donatingB.lendingC.deliveringD.volunteering13.A.pavedB.coveredC.measuredD.wandered14.A.argumentsB.interviewsC.negotiationsD.conversations15.A.metB.drivenC.addressedD.greeted16.A.evenB.everC.onceD.already17.A.earnedB.receivedC.assessedD.demanded18.A.transportationB.styleC.timeD.communication19.A.forcedB.awkwardC.ridiculousD.suspicious20.A.selectsB.recitesC.guessesD.remembers21.A.actonB.settleonC.checkonD.agreeon22.A.clubB.leagueC.collegeD.programme23.A.farB.aroundC.beyondD.forwards24.A.assistB.watchC.urgeD.warn25.A.expectsB.attemptsC.managesD.hesitates26.A.extraB.unusualC.necessaryD.adequate27.A.shareB.fuelC.repairD.exchange28.A.requiredB.allowedC.remindedD.convinced29.A.experienceB.arrangementC.appreciationD.employment30.A.effortB.ambitionC.privilegeD.convenience第二部分:閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime?YoucandoallthethreewithGlobalDevelopmentAssociation（GDA）.Whateverstageoflifeyou'reat,whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA,you'llcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity（社區(qū)）.Weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteersareaged17-24.Nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25-75.Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.Wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers,mountainleaders,andcommunicationofficers.Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunity'saccesstosafedrinkingwater,orhelptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally,you'llalsolearnnewskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.Youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewho'llbecomeyourlifelongfriends.Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes:

ScheduleCou4-week7-weekntryprogrammprogrammesesAlge5Jul.-120Jun.-7riaAug.Aug.Egy24Jul.-19Jun.-6Pt20Aug.Aug.Ken20Jul.-18Jun.-5ya16Aug.Aug.Soulh2Aug.-15Jun.-2Afri29Aug.Aug.caGDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelopyourownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:Website:Email:humanresources@.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?Toseeklocalpartners.Totakeinyoungvolunteers.Tocarryoutprogrammes.Tofosterculturalawareness..TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein.A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.SouthAfrica33.ThesharedgoalofGDA'sprojectsisto.explorenewculturesprotecttheenvironmentgaincorporatebenefitshelpcommunitiesinneedBAliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur（倉U業(yè)者），whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids,teeth,insteadofdestroyingthem.ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning."Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat5sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit?”Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.Shealsoapproacheddentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning.Consequently,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessofftheground.Afterwards,sheandherfathersecuredtheirfirstbusinessmeetingwithasupermarketowner,whofinallyagreedtosellMoore'sproduct—CanCandy.AsCanCandy^successgrows,sodoesMoore'scredibilityasayoungentrepreneur.Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.Shehopesthateverykidcanhaveacleanmouthandabroadsmile.Meanwhile,withherparents,help,Mooreisgenerallyabletoliveanormalteenagelife.Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Moorewantstouseheruniquetalenttohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy'sprofitstoBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.HowdidMoorereacttoherdad'swarning?Shearguedwithhim.Shetriedtofindawayout.Shepaidnoattention.D.Shechosetoconsultdentists.WhatisspecialaboutCanCandy?A.Itisbeneficialtodentalhealth.Itisfreeofsweeteners.Itissweeterthanothercandies.Itisproducedtoadentists'recipe.WhatdoesMooreexpectfromherbusiness?Toearnmoremoney.Tohelpothersfindsmiles.C.Tomakeherselfstandout.D.Tobeatothercandycompanies.WhatcanwelearnfromAliceMoore'sstory?Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.Ayouthistoberegardedwithrespect.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.Successmeansgettingpersonaldesiressatisfied.CTheproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon'tknow.Bynextyear,halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams（欺詐）.Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoolittle,toolate.Bythetimethese"solutions”（解決方案）becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture,it'snotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou'rehearingisactuallyreal.That'sbecausethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation（處理）andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection.Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches（數(shù)據(jù)侵入）ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother'sname,andfarmore.Annedwiththisknowledge,they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans,forexample,thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller's,trickingyouinto"confirming”youraddress,mother'sname,andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney,socompanieswillbetheworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually.Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.Thatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages,showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby,orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications-usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp,whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity.Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose,andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.38.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstotheproblemofrobocalls?A.Panicked. B.Confused.C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed.39.Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies,scammerscan.A.aimatvictimsprecisely B.damagedatabaseseasilyC.startcampaignsrapidly D.spreadinformationwidelyWhatdoesthepassageimply?Honestyisthebestpolicy.Technologiescanbedouble-edged.Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems.Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRootedWhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocallsWhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerousHowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnologyDBytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋微生物）calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterfbrGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.nNotonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging,'*shesaid,nbutthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,"itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.**Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges."It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,"Dutkiewiczsaid,"butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet."42.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable“inParagraph3probablymean?A.Sensitive. B.Beneficial.C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.Dutkiewicz^modelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Muchoftheworkintoday'sworldisaccomplished（完成）inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.46Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?47Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam'sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn'tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam'sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate（協(xié)調(diào)）theiractions.48Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketbailstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam'sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,"ThereisnoIinTEAM.*'49Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug?of?war（拔,可比賽），wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.50AnA-teammayrequireabalance—notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.It'snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers'attention.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.第三部分:書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié),35分）第一節(jié)（15分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國好友Jim打算暑假期間來北京、天津和上海旅游，發(fā)來郵件詢問相關(guān)信息。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：.交通出行；.必備衣物。注意:1.詞數(shù)不少于50;2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,Yours.LiHua第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你們班上周組織了一次以"勞動最光榮”為主題的社會實(shí)踐活動。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記述整個過程。

注意:詞數(shù)不少于60。提示詞:西瓜watermelon答案速查：第一部分:知識運(yùn)用1.voiced 2.facing3.myself 4.marked5.in 6.activities7.suggests/suggested/hassuggested8.where 9.who/thatlO.meaningful11—15CDBDB16—20ABABD21—25CDCAD26—30CABAC第二部分:閱讀理解31—35CDDBA36-^10BCDAB41—45CBADC 46—50BEGDF第一部分:知識運(yùn)用第一節(jié)語法填空A【文章大意】本文是記敘文。文中講述有關(guān)作者的人生感悟。I.voiced【命題意圖】考查時態(tài)?！敬鸢阜治觥课覍δ赣H說了我最大的擔(dān)憂:"我該怎樣交朋友呢?"短文講述一年級第一天發(fā)生的事，所以此處用一般過去時。.facing【命題意圖】考查非謂語動詞?！敬鸢阜治觥亢芸?，我就會畢業(yè)，然后成為真實(shí)世界中的一員。面臨挑戰(zhàn)，焦慮不安時，我知道我會輕聲告訴自己:做你自己。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為非謂語動詞作狀語;非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語I,動詞face與I之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。.myself【命題意圖】考查反身代詞?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處用反身代詞作介詞to的賓語。whispertomyself"輕聲告訴自己"。B【文章大意】本文為說明文。文中介紹與地球日相關(guān)的信息并建議我們參與地球日的各種活動。無論你喜歡做什么,總有一種方式可以讓你參與地球日的各種活動。你可以種一棵樹，用當(dāng)?shù)胤N植的蔬菜做一頓飯，或者省電——這些可能性是無限的。.marked【命題意圖】考查非謂語動詞?！敬鸢阜治觥康厍蛉赵?月22日，是一項(xiàng)旨在提高公眾環(huán)保意識的年度活動。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處為非謂語動詞作定語;動詞mark與EarthDay之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞短語作定語。n【命題意圖】考查介詞?！敬鸢阜治觥?970年第一次慶祝該節(jié)日，現(xiàn)在地球日包括了190多個國家和地區(qū)的活動。in表示"在（某月、某年、某季節(jié)等）'.activities【命題意圖】考查名詞的數(shù)?！敬鸢阜治觥繜o論你喜歡做什么,總有一種方式可以讓你參與地球日的各種活動。根據(jù)句意、句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及句中的關(guān)鍵詞various可知，空處用復(fù)數(shù)名詞activities表泛指。C【文章大意】本文為議論文。文中指出大學(xué)生在大學(xué)里的表現(xiàn)比就讀于哪所大學(xué)更重要。.suggests/suggested/hassuggested 【命題意圖】 考查時態(tài)?！敬鸢阜治觥磕憔妥x的大學(xué)的名字真的很重要嗎?關(guān)于這個問題的研究表明，對于大多數(shù)學(xué)生來說,答案是否定的。根據(jù)句意以及上下文可知，空處可以用一般現(xiàn)在時表示客觀情況，也可以用一般過去時表示過去的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，還可以用現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。.where【命題意圖】 考查名詞性從句?！敬鸢阜治觥繉W(xué)生在大學(xué)里做什么似乎比他們?nèi)ツ睦锷洗髮W(xué)更重要。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用where引導(dǎo)賓語從句。.who/that【命題意圖】考查定語從句。【答案分析】從大學(xué)受益最多的學(xué)生是那些完全投入到學(xué)術(shù)生活中，并充分利用大學(xué)的機(jī)會和資源的學(xué)生。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，其先行詞為those,先行詞指人，空處在從句中作主語,所以用關(guān)系代詞who或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。.meaningful【命題意圖】考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換?！敬鸢阜治觥吭诳紤]上哪所大學(xué)之前,學(xué)生應(yīng)該對大學(xué)有一個正確的態(tài)度，為一個健康和有意義的大學(xué)體驗(yàn)做必要的準(zhǔn)備永遠(yuǎn)不會太早。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用形容詞作定語修飾名詞collegeexperienceo第二節(jié)完形填空體裁:記敘文題材:生活故事主題:七旬老人堅(jiān)持八年免費(fèi)接送貧困學(xué)生上學(xué)【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文,故事的主人公——一位76歲的老人——八年來不論刮風(fēng)下雨，不管路途遠(yuǎn)近，一直堅(jiān)持免費(fèi)接送街坊貧困家庭的大學(xué)生到校上課和放學(xué)回家,孩子們視他為楷模。H.C文章開頭說，威爾遜總在努力確保自己街坊那些低收入家庭的大學(xué)生能按時趕到自己的課堂,因此這里用offering表示"主動提供，愿意給"。offerafreeridetosb.表示"讓某人免費(fèi)乘車12.D語境說威爾遜總讓街坊的大學(xué)生免費(fèi)乘車去上學(xué)，因此這里不是說他把自己的車捐獻(xiàn)給那些學(xué)生，借給學(xué)生，或者把車遞送給學(xué)生，故選D項(xiàng)。volunteersth.表示“自愿地或無償?shù)亟o予或提供某物"。13.B語境表示在過去的八年時間，威爾遜就這樣開車行駛了64000英里的路程。cover表示"行走(一段路程)14.D語境說的是威爾遜在開車接送這些學(xué)生的路途中與學(xué)生進(jìn)行的愉快幽默的交談(conversations),而不是爭論、采訪、談判,因此選D。15.B這里說的是威爾遜開車接送的那些學(xué)生后來的情況。drive表示"開車送”。16.A從語境的連貫看，此處表示這些大學(xué)生視威爾遜為楷模和朋友，甚至(even)親切地叫他“爺爺"。17.B這里講述其中一名免費(fèi)乘車的學(xué)生，因此用received表示"得到"，而不是賺取、評價、要求乘車。.A這里用freetransportation指威爾遜免費(fèi)送貧困大學(xué)生上下學(xué)的行為，因此A項(xiàng)"交通"符合語境。.B這里說的是，坐上威爾遜的車，這些學(xué)生不會陷入尷尬的沉默或者戴上耳機(jī)不與他人交流，用awkward來形容"沉默"，表示"令人尷尬的"。forced”被強(qiáng)迫的”,ridiculous"荒謬可笑的”,suspicious"可疑的"，都不符合語境。.D下文說，"下次你跟他一起坐車的時候,他還會……那些事情”，由此判斷這里說的是威爾遜在詢問街坊的這些大學(xué)生一些問題的時候，還記得他們的回答，由此選D。.C前文提到學(xué)生坐他的車時他與學(xué)生之間的問和答，這里說下次乘車的時候,威爾遜還會核實(shí)那些事情，用checkon表示"核實(shí)，檢查"。acton"按照行事",settleon"選定",agreeon"就達(dá)成一致意見"，都不符合語境。.D最初威爾遜參與一個支援學(xué)生的慈善活動(astudent-supportprogramme),因此這里用programme表示"活動"。.C這里說威爾遜經(jīng)常做得更多，因此用gobeyond表示他不僅僅做分內(nèi)之事。.A用assist表示"幫助"與前面的"有問題”呼應(yīng):當(dāng)學(xué)生在報名注冊方面遇到問題的時候，他就會去幫助他們。.D從語境的連貫看,這里用hesitates表示"猶豫”:乘車的學(xué)生坐車時間太長，餓了，他就會毫不猶豫地給學(xué)生買來飯菜。.C語境表示有了威爾遜的這些幫助，這些貧困大學(xué)生才能讀完大學(xué),因此用necessary表示"必要的，必不可少的”。.A這里說這些大學(xué)生乘客的情況:他們或者家里沒車，或者自己的父母每周上班6天，離不開車，這種情況下他們就要和父母共用(share)一輛車，因此選A。.B這里表示威爾遜開車接送這些學(xué)生，學(xué)生才得以完成自己的大學(xué)教育，用allowed表示"允許"。.A這里講的是威爾遜自己也從開車接送這些學(xué)生的經(jīng)歷中獲益。.C威爾遜在這里說，能夠成為這些大學(xué)生生活中的一部分，了解他們，這是一種榮幸,因此用privilege表示"榮幸，幸運(yùn)”。【高頻詞回顧】regardlessof不管，不顧pave也鋪設(shè)，為 鋪路/安排第二部分:閱讀理解第一節(jié)A體裁:應(yīng)用文題材:社會生活主題:GDA發(fā)布的志愿者招募公告【文章大意】這是一篇廣告應(yīng)用文。GDA發(fā)布公告招募志愿者管理人，文中介紹了該崗位的工作內(nèi)容和該組織者期的活動項(xiàng)目等。.C【命題意圖】 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)題干中的volunteermanagers可知,我們可在文章第二段找到相關(guān)信息，該段說該組織招募25到75歲的志愿者管理人,并且他們對項(xiàng)目的安全高效實(shí)施而言很重要，故C項(xiàng)是志愿者管理人需要做的事?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)分析】本文沒有談到A項(xiàng)"尋找當(dāng)?shù)氐暮献骰锇椤保徽f要幫助保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)赜袃r值的文化;B項(xiàng)”招募年輕志愿者",D項(xiàng)"培養(yǎng)文化意識"都不是volunteermanagers的工作要求。.D【命題意圖】 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥勘绢}問的是"在八月份開班的活動"，根據(jù)文章提到的為期四周和為期七周的活動安排表可知,只有最后一項(xiàng)為期四周的活動是在八月開班，地點(diǎn)是南非，因此選D。.D【命題意圖】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥款}干問的是GDA項(xiàng)目的共同目標(biāo)，我們可在時間表下面的一段中找到解題信息。結(jié)合該段中的"whereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities"可知,D項(xiàng)符合題意。B體裁:記敘文題材:人物故事主題:一種保護(hù)牙齒的糖【文章大意】少女AliceMoore因?yàn)楦赣H提醒她吃甜食對牙齒不好，從而想到發(fā)明一種健康的糖。之后，通過努力，她成功地開辦了自己的糖果公司，并將獲得的部分利潤用來做慈善。B【命題意圖】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。【答案分析】根據(jù)題干我們把答案定位在第二段。根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容可知,Moore聽到爸爸的提醒之后就想:"為什么我不能制造出一種對牙齒有益的糖果以便我的父母不對它說不呢?"即她想找一個方法解決這個問題。35.A【命題意圖】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。【答案分析】 根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,Moore用兩年時間在線研究、做試驗(yàn)、咨詢牙醫(yī)，終于成功地生產(chǎn)出一種只使用天然的增甜劑(onlyusingnaturalsweeteners),且能夠減少口腔細(xì)菌的糖果，這與A項(xiàng)"它對牙齒健康有益”吻合。【干擾項(xiàng)分析】文章中說CanCandy使用天然的增甜劑，故B項(xiàng)錯誤;C項(xiàng)文中未提及;文章提到她的研究、試驗(yàn)和咨詢牙醫(yī)的過程，由此可知D項(xiàng)錯誤。B【命題意圖】 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥?根據(jù)題干中的"expectfromherbusiness"我們把答案定位在最后一段，該段談到Moore想用自己獨(dú)特的天賦幫助別人找到微笑(tohelpothersfindtheirsmiles),因此選B。.C【命題意圖】考查推理判斷。(答案分析】 通讀全文可知,Moore在父親提醒她吃甜食對牙齒不好后，就積極地思考并行動，成功地制造出了一種不傷牙的糖，由此可推知C項(xiàng)正確。C體裁:議論文題材:信息安全主題:解決通信安全問題【文章大意】隨著科技的發(fā)展，詐騙手段越來越多樣,自動語音電話給人們帶來了危害。.D【命題意圖】考查推理判斷。［答案分析］根據(jù)第一段中的"Bythetimethese'solutions'(解決方案)becomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans"可知，等到這些"解決方案"被廣泛使用時，不法分子就會轉(zhuǎn)向更聰明的手段;由此可推知作者對自動語音電話問題的解決方案感到很失望,D項(xiàng)意為“失望的”，故D項(xiàng)正確。.A【命題意圖】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。［答案分析］ 根據(jù)第三段中的"Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision"可知，自動語音電話讓人頭疼的原因是它能準(zhǔn)確獲取受害人的信息，故A項(xiàng)正確。.B【命題意圖】考查推理判斷?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)第二段可知,新的聲音處理和自動化技術(shù)可以給人們帶來便利，第三段論述了這一技術(shù)讓不法分子有了可乘之機(jī),據(jù)此可以判斷，技術(shù)是把雙刃劍，故B項(xiàng)正確。.C【命題意圖】考查標(biāo)題判斷?！敬鸢阜治觥客ㄗx全文，首段提出越來越多的人拒接未知號碼的電話的現(xiàn)象,接下來又闡述了這類電話給人們帶來危害的原因，最后給出了解決方案，故C項(xiàng)最適合作本文標(biāo)題。［難句分析］ Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopic