磁盤配額實驗報告316

磁盤配額實驗報告實驗?zāi)康模喊研沦I來的磁盤劃分分區(qū)，然后指定文件類型，把文件進行掛載。實驗步驟：第一：首先在沒啟動起虛擬機之前添加一塊硬盤，下圖添加的為IDE的硬盤。LJevicesStartthisvirtualmachine轟Memory256MBEditvirtualmachinesettingsClonethisvirtualmachineClonetoACEmaster口Disk(SCSI0:Startthisvirtualmachine轟Memory256MBEditvirtualmachinesettingsClonethisvirtualmachineClonetoACEmaster口Disk(SCSI0:0；i8.0GB口Hai記Disk(IDE0:0：：i 8.0GBUEing添加了一塊新的IDEW&fileIIEthernet@USBCGntrollerfli^SuiiiLilAdapterQHisplay翁Fr0匚Em:*H>:>et-口nlyPrHEentAutuhtHtAutohtECt1第二步：然后用fdiskT查看一下磁盤利用情況,出現(xiàn)下圖ErootP1oca1host~]#rfdisk-Diskpdeu/hda15heads.~bJbytescy1indersJ8589MB,858993459Zsectors/track,17753Diskpdeu/hda15heads.~bJbytescy1indersUnits=cu1Units=cu1indersof54_9=483840bytesDisk/deu/hdadoesntcontainavalidpartitiontableDiskpdeu/sda：|8589MB,858993459Zbytes255heads,~ ectors/trackj1044cy1indersUnits=cy1indersof16065*51Z=8ZZ5Z80bytesDeuiceBootzdeu/sdal*/deu/sdaZZdev/sda3Start134991044DeuiceBootzdeu/sdal*/deu/sdaZZdev/sda3Start134991044BlocksZ650415Z211Z+7598745Id83

8Z83SystemLinuxLinuxsuap/SolarisLinux第三步：利用fdisk/dev/had（這里的路徑可以修改，這要看你自己添加的磁盤是什么樣的丿這個命令創(chuàng)建分區(qū)IrootSloca1host~1#fdiMk/d"/hda|ui11remaininmemoryonlyjcoursejthepreviousthat,ui11remaininmemoryonlyjcoursejthepreviousthat,ofuiIdinganeuDOSdisklabe1.Changesnti1youdecidetowritethem.Afterontentwon'tberecoverable.rhenumberofcy1indersforthisdiskrhereisnothingwronguiththat,butindcouldincertainissetto17753.thisislargerthansetupscauseproblemswith：L)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,10Z4,I)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefrom(e.g.jEarning：rhenumberofcy1indersforthisdiskrhereisnothingwronguiththat,butindcouldincertainissetto17753.thisislargerthansetupscauseproblemswith：L)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,10Z4,I)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefrom(e.g.jEarning：inualidflag0x0000ofpartitionDOSFDISK,OS/ZFDISK)oldversionsofotherOSstable4ui11beLILO)correctedbyw(rite)□mmand(mforhelp):第四步：出現(xiàn)上圖時，這時可以輸入幫助命令，一步一步按照提示進行操作，在這輸入m,會出現(xiàn)各種常用的命令

Command(mforhelp):mCommandactiona toggleabootableflagb editbsddisklabe1匚 七0口口1匕th匕dos ibi1ityflag毗1氏匕npartition 1 listknounpartitiontypesm printthismenufnnddnhewpartition].肯匸訶I：譚:苗萄蹤(7ocreateaneuemptyDOSpartitiontable5printthupnrtitgntable] >昱石蘭uj乂壟的芬旦豎qquituithoutsavingchangesscreateaneuemptySundisklabe1tchangeapartition"ssystemidu changedisplay/entryunitsu verifythepartitiontablefwwritEtabletodisk exif] ^舉肓誇藝逞辻xextrafunctionality|(expertsonly)第五：如創(chuàng)建一個主分區(qū)，就做如下操作。Command(mforhelp):Commandactioneextendedfault1):pprimarypartitiontfWjT曲氐fault1):Partitionnumber(1-4)Firstcylinder(1-1775UsingdefanItvalue1Lastcy1inderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(1-17753,default17753)：|+Z048第六步：根據(jù)不同的命令創(chuàng)建不同的分區(qū)，創(chuàng)建擴展分區(qū)CommandCommand(mforhelp):action|eextended| pprimarypartition(1-4)eCommandCommand(mforhelp):action|eextended| pprimarypartition(1-4)eParTitionnumber(1-4):「2|Firstcylinder(Z050-17753,defaultUsingdefaultvalueZ050cy1inderor+sizeor+sizeMorZ05B):+sizeK(Z050-17753,default17753):[+1000|第七步：創(chuàng)建完分區(qū)后，輸入w然后進行保存退出□mmand(mforhelp):fui|hepartitiontablehasbeenaltered?m11ing[_inut1qtore-readpartitiontable.ijtk:in口就isks.|— 號入VM第八步：到這時，劃分分區(qū)的步驟結(jié)束，往下繼續(xù)做

指定文件類型的步驟，這時需要采用的命令為mkfs-t ext3（文件的類型丿 /dev/hdal（與添加的硬盤相符丿[rootOloca1host~]#(mkfs-t Muwhdhl'mkeZfs1.33(29-May-Z00&3Filesystemlabe1=OStype:LinuxBlocksize=4096(log=Z)Fragmentsize=4096(log=2)1Z1088inodes>Z4Z030blocks1Z101blocks(5.00z)reseruedforthesuperuserFirstdatablock=BMaximumfilesystemblocks=251658240Bblockgroups3Z768blockspergroupf3Z768fragmentspergroup15136inodespergroupSuperblockbackupsstoredonblocks:3Z768,98304,163840,ZZ9376Writinginodetables:doneCreatingjourna1(4096blocks):doneWritingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:doneThisfilesystemui11beautomatica1lycheckedeueryZ6mountsordnys,which亡com亡sfirst.Usetuin匕Efs一匚ur-ito亡rridu.這時注意的是，指定文件類型時輸入的文件設(shè)備最好不要輸入一塊磁盤（如/dev/had）或者是一個擴展分區(qū)的設(shè)備名，因為它會刪除這個容器中的所有分區(qū)。第九步：然后利用mount命令進行文件掛載，在這之前做好創(chuàng)建一個與真實物理分區(qū)相對應(yīng)的目錄，然后直接掛載，然后用df-查看一下掛載是否成功。第十步：前面的操作只是手動掛載，當重啟后所有的操作就不會在有效，下面我們就把文件系統(tǒng)卸載，然

后采用系統(tǒng)啟動時自動掛載，利用如下命令，進入vi編輯器,vi/etc/fstabLABEL"/ext3defauIts11LABEL=/boot /bootext3defauIts1zdeupts/dev/ptsdevptsgid=5,mode=6Z0eetmpfs/deu/shmtmpfsdefauIts00proc/procprocdefauIts00sysfs/syssysfsdefau1ts00-sdaZ suapsuapdefauIts_e_0zdev/hdal/mnt/hdalext3defauIts&輸入紅框里的內(nèi)容。第十一步，’輸入完后，進行重啟，然后再用df-查看一下，這時會發(fā)現(xiàn)文件自動掛載上了— 3 [rootO1oca1host~1#df-hFilesystemSizeUsedAvai1UsezMountedon/deu/sda37.1GZ.8G4.0G4Zz//deu/sdal || Z51M16MZZ3M7z/boottmufslimnB113M曲/deu/shm/dev/hdal931M18M867MZz/mnt/hdal第十二步：再次打開vi/etc/fstab針對用戶和組進行限制，下圖是對用戶進行的限制，編寫完后保存退出，然后重啟LABEL=/LABEL=/bootdeuptstmpfsprocsysfsLABEL=SWAP-sdaZ/deu/hdal08/boot/deu/ptszdeu/shm/proc/syssuapzmnt/hdalLABEL=/LABEL=/bootdeuptstmpfsprocsysfsLABEL=SWAP-sdaZ/deu/hdal08/boot/deu/ptszdeu/shm/proc/syssuapzmnt/hdalext3ext3deuptstmpfsprocsysfsswapdefanItsdefanItsgid=5jmode=620defan1tsdefau1tsdefau1tsdefau1tsdefau11首jusrquota第十三步：然后用mount查看一下，會出現(xiàn)下圖[root@lo匚nlh□百t~1#mountzdeu/sda3on/typeext3(rw)procon/proctypeproc(rw)sysfson/systypesysfs(rw)tteuptson/deu/ptstypedeupts(rw,gid=5,mode=620)zdeu/sdalon/boottypeext3(rw)tmpfson/deu/shmtypetmpfs(rw)zdeu/hdalon/mnt/hdaltypeext3(ru,usrquota)nioneon/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misctypebinfmt_misc(rw)sunrpcon/uar/1ib/nfs/rpc_pipefstypefpc_pipefs(rw)「1fiLH1 m"Iit 第十四步：然后quotacheck-uvg檢測一下看看是不是產(chǎn)生了支持配額的兩個文件[roots1oca1host~litquotacheck-auugquotacheck:ScanningTReu/hdal[/mnt/hdai]quotacheck:Cannotstatolduserquot卜file：Nosuchfileordirectoryquotacheck:Oldgroupfilenotfound?Useg巳ui11notbesubstracted?donequotacheck:Checked3directoriesandZfilesquotacheck:Oldfilenotfound?[ruotljlocnlhost~1#Is/mnt/hdalhqiiote.u百Er1 [第十五步：新建一個用戶useraddyypasswdyy123456,出現(xiàn)下圖[rootP1oca1host~1#fuseraddyy[rootP1oca1host小litpns百yyChangingpassuordforuseryy.NeuUNIXpassuord:pADFASSUORD:itistoosimp1istic/systematicRetypeneuUNIXpassuord:f |passud:allauthenticationtokensupdated[successfullu■第十六步：進行配置edquotauyy然后出現(xiàn)下圖進行編輯第十七步：編輯完后，保存退出，然后利用命令quotaon-av啟動配額服務(wù)

第十七步：給新建的用戶yy寫入hdal權(quán)限，輸入下列命令troot!?1oca1host~1#chmodo=rwx/mnt/hdal第十八步：然后進入新建的用戶，利用下列命令進行測試一下繼續(xù)寫入，看看是不