(完整版)外研版七年級下冊英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)(含練習(xí))

下冊重要知識點(diǎn)梳理語法知識點(diǎn).詞類：物主代詞、情態(tài)動詞can和方位介詞短語.時態(tài)：一般將來時態(tài)和一般過去時態(tài).句型：特殊疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和選擇疑問句詞類1）物主代詞：表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞（…屬于誰的）人稱單 數(shù)復(fù) 數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞形容性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞第一人稱mymineourours第二人稱youryoursyouryours第三人稱hishistheirTheirsherhersitsits形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系:形容詞性物主代詞：必須和名詞在一起。 Myfather,yourteacher…物主代q名詞性物主代詞：相當(dāng)于與之相對應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞 +名詞。Thisshirtismine.=Thisismyshirt.練習(xí)(1)選擇題。( )1.Lookat.A.himB.heC.his( )2.Idrivetotheparkeveryday.A.theyB.theirC.them( )3.classroomisbig.A.weB.usC.Our( )4.Ilove.A.sheB.herC.hers( )5.Doyouknow?A.IB.myC.me( )6.Iamson.A.theyB.theirC.them( )7.Thisisnotdesk..Mydeskisoverthere.A.IB.myC.me( )8.—Canyouspellname,Harry?—Sorry.A.youB.yourC.yours( )9.TomandJackarebrothers.Thisisroom.A.theyB.themC.their( )10.Weareinthesameclass.classroomisverynice.A.ourB.myC.ours( )11.Mrs.Greenismyteacher.I'mstudent.A.heB.hisC.him( )12.That'isMimi.A.ItB.It'sC.Its(2)用括號里的代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空MrYangis(we)teacher.(him)isfromBeijing.(his)teaches(our)English.Look,thereisacat.(they)isLily's.(it)nameisMimi.Let(I)tell(she)about(he)lifeatschool.Thisis(they)room.Whereis(our)?Don'tusetheeraser.is(me).Theladyunderthetreeis(me)aunt.(her)oftensingswith(she)husband情態(tài)動詞can.含義：表達(dá)人或物的能力，能或會….特點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動詞can沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動詞原形。.否定形式：cannot(正式用法)=can't(語).句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句： 主語+情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形+其他+oShe/Theycanswimwell.否定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+動詞原形+其他+。She/Theycannotswimwell.一般疑問句： 情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他+?Canshe/theyswimwell?Yes,she/theycan./No,she/theycan't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他+?Whycanshe/theyswimwell?Whocanswimwell?練習(xí)：( )1)Thesignonthewallmeansyoustayawayfromthebuilding.A.must B.can't C.shouldn't( )2)Howmanybooksyouseeonthedesk?A.mayB.canC.should( )3)youseethesignoverthere?Sorry,Ican't.A.CanB.Can'tC.Should.Icanrunfast.Ifast.(否定句).Hecanplaybasketballwell.(一般疑問句)hebasketballwell?介詞LinglingsitsbetweenTonyandDaming.玲玲坐在托尼和大明之間among在三者或三者以上之間MissLiisamonglotsofstudents.李老師在許多同學(xué)之間注意：介詞短語常和be動詞連用。時態(tài)一般將來時時間狀語：in+一段時間；tomorrow；inthefuture;next+時間；this+時間(表示將來時間的狀語)be(is,am.are)goingto的用法。含義：計劃，打算做某事將來時句型結(jié)構(gòu)：一般將來時begoingto+動詞原形肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+begoingto+動詞原形+其他.否定句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+benotgoingto+動詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：be動詞提前Be+主語+goingto+動詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主語+be.否定回答：No,主語+benot.注意：①表示計劃到某地去，謂語動詞go與going重復(fù)，一般只說begoingto+地點(diǎn).②come/go/arrive/leave等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行表將來。Eg:IamgoingtoLondonnextyear.Sheisgoingtocheckheremail.Look!Thebusiscoming.(H)由shall和will引導(dǎo)的一般將來時含義：將會…特點(diǎn)：助動詞shall和will沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，之后要加動詞原形。shall在一般將來時中，一般用于第一人稱之后。例如：I/WeshallhaveanEnglishlesson.我們將有一節(jié)英語課。否定形式：shallnot=shan'twillnot=won't將來時句型結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+shall/will+do否定句：主語+shall/will+not+do(willnot可縮寫成won'j)一般疑問句：shall/will+主語+do特殊疑問句：疑問詞+shall/will+主語+do

一般過去時.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時問狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。.標(biāo)志性時間狀語：yesterday（昨天），lastweek（上周），lastmonth（上個月）,lastyear（去年）,twomonthsago（兩個月前），thedaybeforeyesterday（前天），in1990（在1990年），inthosedays（在那些日子里）等表示過去的時問狀語連用。.動詞結(jié)構(gòu)：V-ed動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked.結(jié)尾是e力口d,如：taste-tasted.末尾是輔音字母加一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，冉力口-ed,如：stop-stopped.以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5.不規(guī)則動詞過去式:lose（^A失5.不規(guī)則動詞過去式:lose（^A失）—lostmake（制造）mademean（意思）meantmeet（見）metpay（付）paidsay（說）saidsell（賣）soldsend（送）sentsit（坐）satsleepf8）sleptsmell（嗅）smeltspell（拼寫）speltspend（度過）spentstand（站）stoodteach（教）taughtwin（贏）wonthink（想）thoughtunderstand（理解）understoodbegin（開始）beganblow（吹）blewbreak（打破）brokechoose他擇）chosedo（做）diddraw（畫）drewdrink（喝）drankdrive（駕駛）droveeat（吃）atefall（落下）fellfly（飛）flew

forget（忘）forgotgive（給）gavego（去）wentgrow（成長）grewknow（知道）knewlie（身自）—lay—lainring（按鈴）rangwrite（寫）wroteride（當(dāng)$）rodesee后見）sawshow（出示）showed4.句式變化規(guī)則：Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:wake（弄醒）wokesing（唱）sangspeak（講話）spokesteal（偷）wake（弄醒）wokesing（唱）sangspeak（講話）spokesteal（偷）stolewear（穿）woreswim（泳）swamtake（拿）tookthrow（扔）threwbecome（成為）becamecome（來）camerun（跑）ranare在——般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=weren't)(3)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定旬：didn't+動詞原形，如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？如：Jimwenthome_yesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?WhatdidJimdoyesterday?練習(xí)：一、填空我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打籃球。What nextMonday?Iplaybasketball.WhatyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancygoingtogocamping.I'llgoandjointhem(.改否定)Igojointhem.I'mgoingtogetupat6:30morrow.(改一般疑問句)togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑問句)meetatthebusstopat10:30.二、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。.Tom(visit)afarmlastweek.Thetwins(water)theflowersinthegardenyesterdaymorning.I(watch)afilmwithmyfriendlastFriday.Myfather(be)inLondonlastyear.What(do)youdothreedaysago?(be)thereanyparksherein1950?What(do)youdojustnow?I(wash)myclothes.三、收寫句子|Weareallhappy.（改成一般過去時）Weallhappy.Ivisitmygrandparentseveryweek.(用lastweek代替everyweek)Thereweresomezebrasinthezoolastyear.(改為——般疑問句并作肯定回答)四、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。I.Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother(go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He(go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)insects?It'sFridaytoday.What曲(do)thisweekend? She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.What(do)youdolastSunday?I(pick)applesonafarm. What(do)nextSunday?I(milk)cows.Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.I(plan)formystudynow.句型1）特殊疑問句。含義：以特殊疑問詞開頭的疑問句。特殊疑問詞總結(jié)：①what什么（職業(yè)，姓名等）whatday星期幾Whatdayisittoday?whatsize多大尺碼Whatsizeareyourshoes?whattime=when什么時間whatcolour什么顏色whatsize多大號②when什么時候（就時間提問）where什么地方（就地點(diǎn)提問）who誰（問人的身份，姓名等）which哪一個why為什么（就原因提問，常用because回答）how怎么樣howmany多少（提問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量） Howmanybooksdoyouhave?/多少（提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量）Howmuchwateristhereintheglass?Howmuch.：I多少錢（提問價格）Howold幾歲（提問年齡）1多長（提問長度）Howlongisthisruler?Howlongy 這把尺子有多長？匚多長時間（時間持續(xù)多久） Howlongdoyougotoschool?你去學(xué)校要多長時間？Howoften多久（提問頻率既單位時間發(fā)生多少次）Howsoon（還要多久時間才能開始或結(jié)束） Howsoonwillhecomeback?Howfar （提問距離有多遠(yuǎn)） 他多久才能回來？Howheavy（提問有多重）句型結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？Eg:WhydoyoulikewatchingTV?練習(xí)：就劃線部分提問。Heoftenhaslunchinthefactory.heoftenlunch?Theywillcomebackinamonth.willtheycomeback?HehurthisleglastSunday.hehurthisleg?Igotupatsjxthismorningyouupthismorning?TheyweredrawingahorsewhenIcamein.theywhenIcamein?Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIhadabadcold.yougotoschool?You'dbettertaketheNo.3bus.busIbettertake?He'sfeelingwell.hefeeling?Thegirlinaredcoatismysister.isyoursister?HecomestoChinaonceayear.hetoChina?Hegoestoseehisgrandma（twiceaweek）.的括號部分提問） ?Myfathergoestoworkbycar.（改為特殊疑問句） ?Ittake（15minutes）foraferrytocrosstheriver.（對括號部分提問） ?Youcandial（110）tocallthepolice.（對括號部分提問）canyoudialtocallthepoliceTedputhisbaginthedesk.（改為特殊疑問句）Tedinthedesk?Thestudents（wentcamping）lastweek.（對括號部分提問） ?Diogenescamefrom(Greece).(M括號部分提問)Diogenes?Thewaytokeepfitis(toeatfoodandtakemornexercise).(對括號部分提問)thewayto?2)祈使旬祈使句指的是表示命令、請求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語you常省略，謂語動詞用原形，句末用感嘆號或句號，讀降調(diào)。定的祈使句(1)動詞原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.請起立。Be+adj.Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/當(dāng)心！Let's+動詞原形Let'sgotoschooltogether.咱們——起上學(xué)去吧。2.否定的祈使句：有be動詞直