復(fù)習(xí)-外英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)總結(jié)

編稿： 審稿： 責(zé)編:（一）I1Heishonestandhardworking.Ifoundthebookinteresting.Therichandthepoorliveindifferentpartsofthecity.TheEnglishliketobewiththeirfamilies.thesecondfiveinterestingbignewredChinesewall2一般說(shuō)來(lái)，單音節(jié)詞及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在后加-erest來(lái)構(gòu)成和其他雙音節(jié)詞及多音節(jié)詞加more,good(well)-better-bestbad(ill)-worse-worstmanymuch)-more-most①表示兩者的比較，用形容詞的+than.如HeisclevererthantheotherThisoneismorebeautifulthanthat +of(inHeisthecleverestboyinhis③表示兩者是同等程度，用"as形容詞原級(jí)+as".HeisastallasIhaveasmanybooksas…越例如：ThemoreIlearnthehappierI⑤Youcanneverbetoocareful.越越又如：Youcanneverpraisetheteachertoo⑥IhaveneverspentamoreworryingIhaveneverhadabetter⑦M(jìn)yEnglishisnobetterthan1agobeforealreadyjustnowearly,late,finally,tomorrow等herethereneararoundinoutup,down,back,away,outside等。carefullyquickly,poliy,nervously等。almostnearlymuchgreatlyabitalittle,hardly,so,very等。2Ofalltheboyshesings(the)mostbeautifully.Wemustworkharder.3already,yet,already表示某事物已經(jīng)發(fā)生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事發(fā)生，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句；still表示某事We'vealreadywatchedthatIhaven'tfinishedmyyet.Hestillworksuntillateeverynight.too,aswell,also,tooaswell和also用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，tooaswell在句中與動(dòng)詞連用。either用于否定句和否定的疑問(wèn)句，往HewentthereHedidn'tgothereeither.Ilikeyouaswell.Ialsowenthard,hardly意為"幾乎"與hardIworkhardeveryIcanhardlyrememberlate,lalay意為"最近、近來(lái)"，late意為"晚、遲"。如HenevercomesHaveyoubeentothemuseumlaII例1Tom'sfatherthinksheisalready Ahighenough BtallenoughCenough Cenough,高用high,enough修飾形容詞要放在形容詞后面。因此該題選B。例2 theworseIseemtobe.AWhenItakemoremedicineBThemoremedicineICTakingmoreoftheDMoremedicine解析該題正確答案為B"the+形容詞+…,the+例3"Ihaven'tbeentoLondonyet"."Ihaven'tbeenthere A B C D解析：該題正確答案為C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意為否定"兩者都不"，而C-either則用于否定例4MrSmithwas movedattheA B Cvery Dquite體的深，如digdeep,而B(niǎo)-deeply則修飾表示感彩的詞，deeplymoved.另如deeplyregretD-quite和deeply均為副詞，不能互相修飾。（二）Iatinonaboutacrossbefore,beside,for,to,without等。bymeansofalongwithbecauseofinfrontof,insteadof等。agreewithaskforbelongto,breakawayfrom,careabout等。afraidofangrywithdifferentfrom,goodatanswertokeytoreasonforcauseof,visitto等.right,just,badly,all,well,directly,compley等少數(shù)幾個(gè)副HecamerightafterHelivesdirectlyoppositethe4atonin（表時(shí)間表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)用at,atfouro'clockatmidnight等；表示at,atthattimeatChristmas指某天用on,如onMondayontheendofNovember,指某天的朝夕用on,onFridaymorning,ontheafternoonofSeptemberlst等。指長(zhǎng)于或短于一天的時(shí)段用in,intheafternooninFebruary,inSummer,in1999等。,between僅用于二者之間，但說(shuō)三者或三者以上中的每between,如I'msittingbetweenTomandAlice.ThevillageliesbetweenthreeHeisthebestamongthebeside,HesatbesideWhatdoyouwantbesidesinthetree,ontheinthetree指動(dòng)物或人在樹(shù)上，而onthetree指果實(shí)、onthewayinthewaybythewayinthiswayontheway指在intheway指擋道bythewayinthiswayinthecorner,attheinthecorneratthecornerinthemorning,ontheinthemorningonthemorning特指某一天bybus,onthebybusonthebusII例1Doyouknowanyotherforeign AexceptBbutCbesideDbut…"C-意為"在…旁邊"，不符合題意。而D-besides, 例2Hesuddenlyreturned arainyAonBatCinD解析：我們均知道，atnightnight前on來(lái)修飾，故該題A。例3I'mlookingforward yourAtoBinCatDA。lookforwardto為固定搭配，（三）I1and,for,or,both…and,either…or,neither…nor等。thatifwhetherwhen,after,assoonas等。2andTheydrankandsangallboth…and和，既…也…BothmyparentsandIwentthere.butI'msad,butheiseither…or或…或……要么…Eitheryou'rewrong,orIam.forIaskedhimtostay,forIhadsomethingtolhoweverAffirst,hedidn'twanttogothere.Later,however,hedecidedtogo.neither…nor既不…Neithermyparentsnormyauntagreeswithnotonly…but(also)不但…而且Henotonlysingswell,butalsodancesorHurryup,oryou'llbelate.Areyouaworkeroradoctor?soIt'sgettinglate,soImustalthoughAlthoughitwaslate,theywentonassoonas…I'lllhimassoonasIseebecauseHedidn'tgotoschool,becausehewasunlessIwon'tgounlessitisfineuntil直到Hedidn'tleaveuntileleven瞬間動(dòng)詞用于notuntil構(gòu)Hestayedthereuntilwhile當(dāng)…(表示對(duì)比WhileIstayedthereImetafriendofmine(while后不可MypenisredwhilehisisforHewasillforhedidn'tcome.結(jié)論是推斷出來(lái)的since自從Ihavelivedheresincemyunclehardlywhen一…Ihadhardlygottothestationwhenthetrainasfaras就…AsfarasIknow,thatcountryisveryYoumaywalkasfarasthelake一直走到湖那里II例1Johnplaysfootball ,ifnotbetterthan,AaswellBaswellasCsowellDsowellDavid一樣好。和…一樣好為aswellas.故該題正確答案為B。2ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.AwhenBwhereCwhichD例3Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?A.andB.thenC.orD.英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)難點(diǎn)（二（四）I1sometimesalwaysofteneverydaySometimes,wegoswimmingafterTheearthgoesroundthe2,presentWhatareyoungalwayscontinuallyHeisalwaysnggood3once,never等詞連用。如:HaveyoueverbeentotomorrownextyearI'llmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrowmorning.We'regoingtoseeafilmnextMonday.狀態(tài)，常與yetedy,latya,in98,amontao等詞連IthappenedmanyyearsWhatwereyoungthistime7ThetrainhadalreadyleftbeforeweHesaidhewouldcome,buthe９、語(yǔ) hadbeenbeengivenbeengiven例１Ilearnedthatherfather inAhaddiedBdiedCdeadDis間狀語(yǔ)in1950,例２Thefive-year-oldgirl byherparents.AislookedBhaslookedforCisbeinglookedforDhasbeen（五）I詞（be形had２、should動(dòng)詞原wereto形形were或hadshould,couldif省去,但要倒裝。如：Hadyou(Ifyouhad)invitedus,wewouldhavecometoyour（１）其謂語(yǔ)形式是"should(可省)＋動(dòng)詞"，常用于以下三種句型一：Itisnecessaryimportantnaturalstrangeetc)句型二：Itisapityashamenowonderetc句型三：Itissuggested(requestedproposeddesiredetc)ItisstrangethatheshouldhavedoneItisapitythathe(should)besoItisrequestedthatwe(should)beso（２）suggest,propose,move,insist,desiredemandrequestordercommand等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句Isuggestthatwe(should)go（３）在表語(yǔ)從句中，表示間接令，要求、請(qǐng)求、suggestion,proposal,request,orders,idea等。從句謂語(yǔ)形式是"(should)＋動(dòng)詞Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatWereceivedorderthattheworkbedoneat（５）Itistimethat…句型中，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式是"動(dòng)"should＋動(dòng)詞",should不可省。如It'stime(that)wewent(shouldgo)toII例１Wehadhopedthathe AstaysBhavestayedCstayedDwouldthink,expect等，后面的句子需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣"Marywantstoseeyou"Iwouldrathershe tomorrowthantoday."AcomesBcameCshouldcomeDwillcomewouldrather后面的從句需用虛例３Hadshebeenolder,she itbetter.AhaddoneBmighthavedoneCmightdoDwould解析：HadshebeenolderIfshehadbeenold.故該題正確（六）I（１）常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)ookfor,lookafter,sendfor,careabout,askfor,laughathearof(fromaddtoleadto等。這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓Don'tlaughatIdidn'tcareabout（２）常見(jiàn)的有g(shù)iveuppickupthinkoverfindouthandinpointout等。這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)如果是名詞，既可放在副詞前You'llhandinyourtomorrow.Pleasedon'tforgettohanditin.（３）常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)ookdownupon,goonwith,breakawayfrom,adduptocatchupwithAllhismoneyaddeduptonomorethanAfterashortrest,hewentonwithhisresearch（４）常見(jiàn)的有takecareof,makeuseof,payattentionto,makefunofYoushouldpayattentiontoyourhandwriting.Weshouldmakefulluseofourtime.（５）常見(jiàn)的有l(wèi)eaveopensetfreecutopenTheprisonersweresetfree.Hecutitopen.（６）常見(jiàn)的有takeplacemakefriendsThisstorytookplacethreeyearsago.Imakefriendswithalotofpeople.giveaway(讓給，)和giveup（放棄，停止）putaway（放起，收起）和putout（撲滅）turnup（出席，放大）和turnon（打開(kāi)）keepout（）和keepoff（不讓靠近）makeup（編造，補(bǔ)上）makeout（辨認(rèn)）takeoff（脫，起飛）和takeout（拿出）II例１Itiswisetohavesomemoney foroldAputawayBkeptupCgivenawayDlaidgiveaway意為"分發(fā)"；layup"貯藏"例２Here'smycard.Let'skeepin AtouchBrelationCconnectionD例３ !There'satrainALookoutBLookaroundCLookforwardDLook解析：該題選A.lookout意為""（七）Iwrite式｜totobetohavetohavebeentobetohavebeen２、不定式的句（１）TohearfromyouisTobeagoodteacherisnot不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式It'snicetohearfromIt'snoteasytobeagood（２）want,hope,wish,like,need,hate,begin,start,rememberagreelearnpretendrefusemanagehelp等詞后。IforgottolockthePleaseremembertowriteto（３）MyjobistopickupHeseemedtohaveheard（４）Ihavetwoletterstowrite.Ihavealotofworkto（５）通常用于want,wish,ask,order,l,know,help,advise,allow,cause,force等詞后。如：Heorderedhertoleaveatonce.Hewasforcedtoobeyhisorder.（６）HegotupearlytocatchthefirstHeworkedhardtocatchupwiththeother（７）Tolyouthetruth,Itolda（８）"疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式"Idon'tknowhowtochoosethem.Icannotdecidewheretogo.IdecidednottoHeseemedtohavecleanedtheroombeforeIcamein.Theboyissaidtohavebeensenttothehospitallastweek.too…toHewastooexcitedtogotoHewasonlytoogladtogo他太高興了，樂(lè)意去Thebookiseasytoread.Ihaveabooktoread.例１Ihaven'tgotachair AtositBfortositonCtositonDforCtositon在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名chair.因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ胶退揎椀拿~間是"動(dòng)賓關(guān)系"，所on不能省略。例2Hewasmade AgoBgoneCgoingDto解析：該題選D。makesb.dosth.如果是形式，不定doto不能省略。例3Anewfactoryis verysoon.AtobebuiltBbuiltCtobuildDtoA。istobebuilt意為"將要被建"（八）Iwrite式|beinghavinghavingnot（１）Playingfootballismyfavoritesport.Travellingwithfriendsatweekendisfun.Itisfuntravellingwithfriendsat（２）IenjoyplayingPCHegaveupwritingfiveyears（３）Whathehatedmostwasngnothing.Seeingisbelieving.（４）There'sadiningroominmyschool.Allthepeoplewatchinglaughed.（５）"物主代詞（或名詞的所有格Tom'sgoinghomelatemadehermotherangry.Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?Thegirlswereafraidofthedoorsuddenlyclosing.Fireburnsbetterbyoxygenbeingatwork.HaveyoueverheardofgirlsDoyoustillremembermyparentsandmecomingtoseeyouthatday?mind,enjoy,finish,consider,practise,magine,keep,suggest,advise,allow,permit,beworthng,beusedtong,bebusycan'thelpng,itisnogoodng,itisnouselookforwardtong,sticktong,payattentiontong,devotetong,leadtong例１Shesaysshedoesn'tfeellike outwithAgoingBtogoCforgoingDAfeellikewant,like為例２Thegardenneeds AwaterBwateringCtowaterD解析：該題正確答案為B。need=want=require.如果物tobedone這一結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)。例３Excuseme AinterruptingBtointerruptCinterruptedDtohaveme為動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)（常用于口語(yǔ)中）。（九）IIliketoreadthenovelwrittenbyLuThewomansittingbesidethebrokenwindowwasafriendofWhenIcameintotheroom,Ifoundthewindowwasbroken.I'minterestedinthisbook.I'mgoingtohavemybikeWhenIwalkedhome,IsawthethiefcaughtbytheSeenfromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksTheteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbyhisSeeingfromthetopofthemountain,IfoundthecitywasWalkingalongthestreet,theysuddenlysawIhatebeingspokenillHeconsideredvisitingJapanduringthewinterSeeingisbelieving.Thebookisinteresting.InoticedhimcrossingtheMothercaughthimsmokingintheDoyouknowthemanwritingaTheworkerrunningamachineismyHavingcleanedtheroom,IwentNothavingreceivedanyletter,hefeltalittleIfoundthemankilledIfoundthemanstanding4、haveWehavethecarrepaired.Wehaverepairedthecar.WehaveTomrepairthecar.WehaveTomrepairingthecarthewholeWewereexcitedatthenews.Thefootballgameisexciting.Itbeingafineday,wewentouttovisittheII例1、 ，I'llgoon icwithA.permitB.topermitC.permittedD.DTimepermitting…是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，例2 ifhehadanybadhabit,sherepliedthatheaheavyA.AskB.ToaskC.AskedD.解析：該題答案為Cshe英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)難點(diǎn)（三（十）I動(dòng)詞有b,d,hv,hllhudlludancudmaymgtut,heo,ohto,nd,da,hl,hud,l,od.可，如:Youcangonow.canIcanyouCanIbuyyouadrink?can和beabletobe如:Althoughthedriverwasbadlyhurt,hewasabletoexplainwhathadhappened.maygo.Hemaynotberight.3、musthavemust表上的必須，haveto表客觀上的必須，如:It'sgettinglate.Ihavetogo.-MustIgonow.-Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thave4、needdare這二詞有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞兩種詞性，如詞。NeedIgonow?--Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.)5、shall用于第一人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中表說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)求，如，Shallwebeginourlesson?脅等口吻，如Youshallfailifyoudon'tworkourbesttomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.7、will"Willyoulendmeyourbook?""Yes,Iwill."，8、shouldhavedone表應(yīng)該做而未做musthavedone表對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的肯定推測(cè)couldhavedone表本可以做某事9、判斷句：肯定句用must,否定句用can't,may,HemustbeintheofficeHemusthavegonetobed,forthelightisout.Hecan'tbeintheoffice.Heisathome.Hecouldn'thavecleanedtheclassroom,becausehedidn'tcomeheretoday.Hemightbeintheoffice,IamnotHemighthavecleanedtheroom,III例1，They towalkinthestreetatA.didn't B.not C.not D.daredA面是towalkdidn'tdaredare過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的否定形例2，Whenhewasveryold,Mr.Smith hourswithoutsayingaA. B. C. D.

sit動(dòng)作，意為"總是"如:Whenwewerechildren,wewouldgoswimmingeverysummer.（十一）I詞是thinkexpectbelievesupposeguessfancyimagine等，到主句謂語(yǔ)上，如:Idon'tthinkheisright.neverseldom,hardlyscarcely,rarelybarely:Ihaveneverbeenthereneeddare既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，又可作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，在反問(wèn)部分須加以區(qū)別，如Weneedn'tleave,needwe?Wedon'tneedtoleave,dowe?陳述部分出現(xiàn)否定意義的副詞或代詞如neverseldom,fewhardlylittleHeseldomcomes,doeshe?it，如：Nothingcanstopme,can陳述部分用everybodyeveryonesomebodysomeoneittheythat,don'tusedto時(shí)，反問(wèn)部分可有兩種形式，如:Youusedtogetupearly,usedn't(didn't)you?陳述部分是"therebe"結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，反問(wèn)部分用there，如:There'ssomethingwrongwithyou,isn'tthere?分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)和主句保持一致，如:Henevertoldotherswhathethought,didhe?IthinkIbelieve+和從句的動(dòng)詞保持一致，如，Idon'tthinkheisright,ishe?Idon'tbelievehedoesthat,doeshe?what或Whatabeautifulparkitis.Howbeautifulaparkitis.Howbeautifultheparkis.Howweworked!Takecare!Don'tstandPleaseopenthedoorfortheold例1，Don'tforgettoposttheletter, A.will B.do C.won't D.shallA"willyou"?，但肯定的祈使句后可用如，Waitforme,will(won't,can,can't,could)you?例2，Let'sgooutforawalk, A.will B.won't C.shall D.doClet's…客氣，而在letuswillyou。例3，Hehardlywritestoyou, A.doesn't B.does C.do D.has解析：該題答案為B，hardly否定副詞，反問(wèn)部分要用肯（十二）I1WhathewantsisapieceofItisbelievedthathecansolvetheIdon'tknowhowtosolvetheproblem.Doyouknowwherehelives?Theproblemiswhocanhelpme.ThisiswhyIcamehere.IhavenoideawhereheIheardthenewsthathewouldthat引導(dǎo)，常跟在fact,idea,news,promise,thoughtmessagehopebeliefdoubt等詞后，that在從句中不who,whom,whose,which,that,as,when,where,why。thatwhich互換，但在下列情況下，要用thatwhich。先行詞有alleverythingEverything(that)hedidis先行詞被alleverynosomeanylittlemuch等修飾時(shí)，I'llreadallthebooks(that)youlendThisisthefirstletter(that)theboyhastheonlytheverythesamethelastHeistheveryman(that)I'mlookingwhichThisisthebookaboutwhichwehavetalkedaThebook,whichhegavemeyesterday,isverywherewhen作關(guān)系副詞ThisistheroomwhereIworked.ThisistheroomwhichIstayedin.Irememberedthedaywhenwelivedthere.IrememberedthedaythatIspentthere.asaswhich不可以Asyouknow,heisgoodatEnglish.threeofthem和threeofwhichIhavealotofbooks,threeofwhichareinIhavealotofbooksandthreeofthemareinII例1、

IacceptthegiftorrefuseitisnoneofA. B. C.Even D.Nomatter解析：該題答案為B。whether可以和or連用，if不可以，此外if一般僅用于賓語(yǔ)從句。例2、Theway

thesecomradeslookatproblemsA. B.in D.with解析：該題答案為C，先行詞是wayinwhich例3， alongtimesinceIsawyoulastA．It B.It C.Ithad D.ItcanB，Itis時(shí)間數(shù)since引導(dǎo)的從句是一（十三）IToworkhardisnecessaryfora、用and或both……and連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)BothheandIare語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如Histeacherandfriendisabeautifulaswellas,but,except,besides,with,alongwith,togetherwith,like等，謂語(yǔ)Theteacheraswellashisstudentsis如:Everyonehasabook.people,cattle,clothes等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，如，Alotofpeoplearedancingoutside.Twentyyearsisnotalong、表示總稱(chēng)意義的名詞public,,cattle,PeoplearetalkingabouttheMyfamilyisabigMyfamilyarewatchingor,either……or,neither……nor,whether……or,notonly…butalso,等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，如果一個(gè)是單數(shù)，一個(gè)是EitheryouorIam例1、Thechemicalworks workedforthirtyyearsin

wheremyfatherA.wasbuiltB.werebuiltC.isbuiltD.areA。works形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，意思上是單數(shù)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，類(lèi)似的還有newsmathspolitics,例2、Theyeach acopyofthenewphysics.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.A。Theyeach不等于eachofeachofeachofthestudentshandsintheir，而theyeach作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)要隨each前面的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)難點(diǎn)（四（十四）ItherebeThereisgoingtobeameeting.Thereisabookonthetable.here,there,now,then,in,out等副詞置于句首時(shí)，主Herecomesthebus.Herehecomes."Whathesaidmeantnothing",saidthe銜接時(shí)須完全倒裝，如，Infrontofthehousesatasmallboy.Ilikeswimming,sodoesmy（2）only+狀語(yǔ)放在句首，如，Onlythroughthismethodcanwewin.Onlyinthiswaycanwedotheworkseldom,nosooner,never,little,atnotime,innoway,nomoreNeverhadIheardLittledidIknowabout以oftenso形容詞或副詞開(kāi)頭的句子，如，Soheavyistheboxthathecannotcarryit.ifhad,were,shouldWereIyou,Iwouldn'tdothat.Hadhecome,wewouldhavewon.Mayyoubehappyfor例1、Notonly thismachinebut A.canherun……canherepair B.canherun……h(huán)ecanC.hecanrun……h(huán)ecanrepair D.hecanrun……canhebut前面的部分倒裝，but后面仍是正常語(yǔ)序。例2、 ,itisquiteeasytodrillaholeinitwithlaser（激A.Hardalthoughthe B.HardasthediamondC.Asthediamondis D.Hashardisthe以表示though，但要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例3、Onlyinthisway toimprovethesituationA.canyouhope B.youcanhope C.hopecan youhopeAonly（十五）ittherebeI1、itthis,that，如，Ihaveanewpen.ItisTheBrownshaveanewbaby.It'sIt'stwelveo'clocknow.It'sfinetoday.用作引導(dǎo)詞，代替由不定式，ing形式或從句表示的It'snogoodlinghimthat.It'snecessaryforyoutodoso.用在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句式：Itis/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who/whom句子其余部分，可強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)以外的ItwasthismorningthatIsawhiminthestreet.ItwasIwhosawhiminthestreetthismorning.ItwasinthestreetthatIsawhimthismorning.ItwashimwhomIsawinthestreetthis2、therebeTherearealotofstudentsplayingontheground.Thereisgoingtobeatestthisafternoon.be常和最近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)Thereisapenandthreepencilsinthepencil-box.Thereisn'tadesk,abenchandthreechairsintheroom.Therearelotsofpeoplelikeit,aren'tthere?therebebe位置移動(dòng)等意義的不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組，如exist,stand,lie,enter,come,happentobe,appeartobe等，如，Therestandsahouseatthefootofthe"主語(yǔ)+have"therebe句型，如：Therearefivedoorsinthehouse.Thehousehasfivedoors.therebe1、Theremustbeameetinginthe2、Therehavebeengreatchangessince1979.3、TherebeingnobuswehadtowalkI例１ thathewenttoAItwasuntil BThatwasuntilCItwasnotuntil DThatwasnotuntil解析：該題答案為C。強(qiáng)調(diào)until結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要將否定詞not移到untiledidn'tleaveuntiltwelve改為Itwasnotuntiltwelvethatheleft.例２Therearealotofstudents intheclassA B C DtoAlotofstudentsaretalkingintheclassroom.Thereisalotofnoiseheardoutinthestreet.（十六）INosmokingThanksslot!2.（１）語(yǔ)都可以省略。如：（Itis）Nicetoseeyou!(Thisis)LiMing（２）I'mgoingtovisitTom's(house).Imethimatthetailor's(shop).（３）兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞不定式并列在一起時(shí)，第toto.如Hisjobistocleanandmendthemachine.（４）（賓tobeHewasconsidered(tobe)thebeststudentintheclass.（５）Therebetherebe如：(IsthereAnything（６）表示的yearsold,表示鐘點(diǎn)的o'clock,等常省略。如：WhattimeisitnowIt'sten3（１）which,when,where,howwhy引wh－一詞。如：Hewillcome,butwedon'tknowwhen(hewillcome).Hedidn'tcome,Iwonderedwhy(hedidn'tcome).（２）Theman(whom)Isawinthestreettheotherdayismy（３）狀語(yǔ)從句，在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方式、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，或從句主語(yǔ)是it，則be動(dòng)詞及其主語(yǔ)?？墒÷?。如：I'lllhimthatwhen(itis)possible.Iwon'tgothereunless(I'm)invited.例１Abeamoflightwillnotbend（彎曲）roundcorners todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice（反射裝AmadeBbeingmadeChavingmadeDtobeAunless后省略了itismakesb(sth)dosth變成語(yǔ)態(tài)則為sth/sbbemadetodo.例２While my,IheardacryforAdoBdidCngDhaving解析：該題答案為CI'm,whileI'mngmyhomework.如：Whileplayingguitar,heissinging.Hewasagoodswimmersohe swimtotheriverbankwhentheboatsank.A. B. C.couldbeable D.wasableAttheChristmaspartySantaClaus(圣誕老人) presentsunderthetree.handed B.handedC.handed D.handedTears thelittlematchgirl'seyesasshethoughtofherkindgrandfather.A.ran B.fell C.came D.rolledAchildcan'tlearn without tospell,helB.spelling,C.spell,being D.spelling,beingOnlyonemanhadeverbeenelectedfourtimes,FranklinD.for B.suchC.theoneof D.thatisto,themedicalteamismadeupoftwelveA. B. C.Comple D. ----HaveagoodI'vetoseethedoctorIt'stimeforIwenttotheconcertlastI'mgoingtoapartyThemanlivesina place.Thatis,helives faraway,far B.faraway,C.faraway, D.faraway,farThepatient'sprogresswasencouragingashecould getoutofbedwithoutA. B. C. D.Wehavetosetoffrightaway, weA. B. C. D.Thestreetlights onwhennightwillhave B.willhavebeenC.willbe D.willbe"Well,inthetranslation,theword adifferentmeaning,"saidMissDianna.A.takes B.takes C.looks D.hasalookWhenhewasthrough hegotupandA.to B.tobe C. D.beingThetownhas afineold B.anoldfineC.afineold D.anoldfineIdidn'tbuytheapples;hegavethemtome A. B. C. D. speaktomelikethatA. B. C.Not D.Egyptis theoldestcountriesintheA. B. C. D.inthemiddleTheyfought theendandwon theA.in, B.to, C.in, D.to,I threehourson