人教版高中英語必修一unit1語法講練

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高中英語學(xué)習(xí)資料

madeofjingetieji

GrammarI.

DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech

主句動詞的變化

一般來說，主句謂語動詞常為saidorsaidto,變成間接引語時，當直

接引語是陳說句時，said-變said(that),butsaidto–toldsb.。

當直接引語是一般疑問句時，則變成asked/askedsb.+if/whether

當直接引語是特別疑問句時，則變成askedsb.+what等特別疑問詞指引

的句子（疑問詞后的句子為陳說句式）

1.Mr.Blacksaid,“I’mbusy.”

Mr.Blacksaidthathewasbusy.

2.“I’llgotoyourfarmtomorrow,”hesaidtoher.3.Hesaid,“Areyouready?”Heasked(us)ifwewereready.4.Hesaid,“Whatdoyouwanttodo?”HeaskedwhatIwantedtodo.如何變句型：

直接引語假如是陳說句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that指引的賓語從句。

E.g..Shesaid,"Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes."

Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.

直接引語假如是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if指引的賓語從句.

g.Hesaid,"Canyouswim,John?"

HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.

"Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven‘tyou?"mymotherasked.

MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework."Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?"

→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.

直接引語假如是特別問句，間接引語應(yīng)當改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞指引的賓語從句（賓語從句必然用陳說句語序）。

Sheaskedme,"Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?"

Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.

④直接引語假如是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為"tell(ask,order,advise,invite

等)sb(not)todosth."句型。

e.g.."Don’tmakeanynoise,"shesaidtothechildren.

Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise."Bringmeacupoftea,please,"saidshe.

Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.

⑤直接引語假如是以“Let‘開s頭”的祈使句，變成間接引語時，平時用“suggest+動句詞（或從句）。”

e.g..Hesaid,"Let’sgotothefilm."

Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.

或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.

如何變?nèi)朔Q

由直接引語變間接引語時，從句的主語人稱要依據(jù)一主、二賓、三不

變的原則。①直接引語的主語是第一人稱變成間接引語時要和主句的主

語保持一致。

②假如直接引語的主語是第二人稱變成間接引語時要與主句的賓語保持

一致。

③假如直接引語的主語是第三人稱變成間接引語時，人稱不變。

Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.

②Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”

SheaskedmeifIwasinterestedinscience.

③Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan'tgotoschool.”

Hismothertoldmethathecouldn'tgotoschool.

如何變時態(tài)：

(1.)直接引語變成間接引語時，假如主句中的謂語動詞是一般此刻時或

一般未來時，則間接引語從句的時態(tài)保持不變。E.g..1.Hesays,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”→Hesaysthathehasfinishedhishomework.2.Shewillsay,“I'lldoittomorrow.”→Shewillsaythatshe'lldoitthenextday.(2.)假如主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，從句的時態(tài)則應(yīng)是與主句時態(tài)相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。

直接引語間接引語各種此刻時一般此刻時一般過去時此刻進行時過去進行時此刻完成時過去完成時各種過去時一般過去時過去完成時過去進行時過去完成進行時（或不變）過去完成時過去完成時（不變）未來時一般未來時過去未來時Is(are)+不定式Was(were)+不定式E.g..1.Thegirlsaid,“I'msorryforbeinglateforclass.”Thegirlsaidthatshewassorryforbeinglateforclass.

2.Hesaidtome,“Iamwritingaletter.”

Hetoldmethathewaswritingaletter.

(3).直接引語假如是客觀事實或真諦，變成間接引語時，從句時態(tài)不變。

E.g..Theteachersaid,“Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”

Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.四、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化DirectspeechIndirectspeech指示代詞thisthatthesethose時間狀語NowThenTodaythatdayThismorning(week,thatmorning(week,month,month,etc)etc)YesterdaythedaybeforeThreedaysagothreedays________ThedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforeLastweek(month,year)theweek(month,year)beforeTomorrowthenext(following)dayThedayaftertomorrowtwodaysafter(intwodays’time)Nextweek(month,year)thenext/followingweek(month,year)地點狀語herethere動詞ComeGoBringTakeNote:表中這些變化，要依據(jù)詳盡時間和詳盡地點的狀況而定，不能夠機械照

搬。假如就在當?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here就不用改為there,come也不用改為go,

果就在當日轉(zhuǎn)述，yesterdayortomorrow等時間狀語也不用改變。

E.g..Shesaid,“I’llwaitforyouheretonight,Jane.”

ShetoldJanethatshewouldwaitforhimheretonight.

E.g..(1)Hesaid,“Nowitisyourturn.”

Hesaidthatthenitwasmyturn.

(2)Hesaid,“Ishallcomebacknextweek.”

Hesaidthathewouldcomebackthenextweek.

(3)Shesaid,“Iwillcomeherethisafternoon.”

Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatafternoon.

如

ExerciseforDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech(I)(

(

(

)1.TomaskedJack______________.

A.whyhewassoexcitedB.whywashesoexcited

C.whyishesoexcitedD.whyheissoexcited

)2.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heasked→Hemeasked.me_______.

A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIseenthefilm

C.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm

)3.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.

He______me_____thewindow.

(

(

A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closing

C.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose

)4.“Iamateacher,”Jack→saidHesaid._________.A.thatIamateacherB.Iwasateacher

C.thatheisateacherD.hewasateacher

)5.Hesaid,“Mother,boyisverynaughty.”

→He_____verynaughty.

A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyis

C.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas

( )6.“You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.

Sheasked________.

A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyou

B.whetherIhadalreadygotwell

C.haveIalreadygotwell

D.hadIalreadygotwell.

( )7.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”

Heaskedme_________.

A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

B.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

C.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

D.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.

( )8.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”→Heasked_______.

A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalong

C.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong

( )9.Heaskedme________withme.

A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwas

C.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter

( )10.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”

He_____me_______thatagain.

A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don’tdo

C.toldme;don’tdoD.toldme;nottodo

( )11.Whenwillhegofishing?

Doyouknow_______?

A.whenwillhegofishingB.whenhegofishing

C.whenhewillgofishingD.whendoeshegofishing

( )12.Theteacheraskedme____________.

A.thatIhadfinishedmyhomeworkB.thathadIfinishedmy