2000-2006年大學(xué)英語四級考試試題及參考答案040604

2004年6月19日試卷PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Example:Youwillhear:Youwillread:Attheoffice.Inthewaitingroom.Attheairport.Inarestaurant.Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheywillstartat9o'clockinthemorningandhavetofinishat2intheafternoon.Therefore,A)Attheoffice"isthe”correctanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.SampleAnswer[AHB][C][D]A)ThemansawMarkonthestreettwomonthsago.ThewomanhadforgottenMark'sphonenumberThewomanmadeaphonecalltoMarkyesterday.Markandthewomanhadnotbeenintouchforsometime.A)Themanislateforthetripbecauseheisbusy.ThewomanisgladtomeetMr.Browninperson.ThemanismeetingthewomanonbehalfofMr.Brown.ThewomanfeelssorrythatMr.Brownisunabletocome.A)At10:30. C)At10:40.At10:25. D)At10:45.A)Themannolongersmokes.Themanisunderpressurefromhiswife.Themanusuallyfollowshiswife'sadvice.Themanrefusestolistentohisdoctor'sadvice.A) Movetoabigcity. C) Gobacktoschool.Becomeateacher. D) WorkinNewYork.A) Quitdeliveringflowers. C) Bringherflowerseveryday.Workatarestaurant. D) Leavehisjobtoworkfor her.A)Shecanfindtherightpersontohelptheman.Shecanhelpthemanout.She'salsoinneedofatextbook.Shepickedupthebookfromthebusfloor.A)Themanwasconfusedaboutthedateoftheappointment.Themanwantstochangethedateoftheappointment.Themanisgladhe'sgotintouchwiththedoctor.Themancan'tcomefortheappointmentat4:15.A)Thetwospeakersareatalosswhattodo.Themanisworriedabouthisfuture.Thetwospeakersareseniorsatcollege.Thewomanregretsspendinghertimeidly.A)Shehaslearnedalotfromthenovel.Shealsofoundtheplotdifficulttofollow.Sheusuallyhasdifficultyrememberingnames.Shecanrecallthenamesofmostcharactersinthenovel.SectionBCompoundDictationDirections: Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfromSItoS7withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.ForblanksnumberedfromS8toSIOyouarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.TheLibraryofCongressisAmerica’snationallibrary.Ithasmillionsofbooksandotherobjects.Ithasnewspapers,(S1) publicationsaswellaslettersof(S2) interest.Italsohasmaps,photographs,art(S3) ,movies,soundrecordingsandmusical(S4) .Alltogether,ithasmorethan100millionobjects.TheLibraryofCongressisopentothepublicMondaythroughSaturday,exceptforpublicholidays.Anyonemaygothereandreadanythinginthecollection.Butnooneis(S5) totakebooksoutofthebuilding.TheLibraryofCongresswas(S6) in1800.ItstartedwithelevenboxesofbooksinoneroomoftheCapitolbuilding.By1814,thecollectionhadincreasedtoabout3,000books.Theywereall(S7) thatyearwhentheCapitolwasburneddownduringAmerica’swarwithBritain.Tohelpre-buildthelibrary,CongressboughtthebooksofPresidentThomasJefferson.Mr.Jefferson’scollectionincluded7,000booksinsevenlanguages..Today,threebuildingsholdthelibrary’scollection..Itbuyssomeofitsbooksandgetsothersasgifts.Italsogetsmaterialsthroughitscopyrightoffice.(S10) .ThismeanstheLibraryofCongressreceivesalmosteverythingthatispublishedintheUnitedStates.PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Direction:PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aisforalwaysgettingtoworkontime.Bisforbeingextremelybusy.Cisfortheconscientious(勤勤懇懇的)wayyoudoyourjob.Youmaybeallthesethingsattheoffice,andmore.Butwhenitcomestogettingahead,expertssay,theABCsofbusinessshouldincludeaP,forpolitics,asinofficepolitics.DaleCarnegiesuggestedasmuchmorethan50yearsago:Hardworkalonedoesn'tensurecareeradvancement.Youhavetobeabletosellyourselfandyourideas,bothpubliclyandbehindthescenes.Yet,despitetheobviousrewardsofengaginginofficepolitics—abetterjob,araise,praise—manypeoplearestillunable—orunwilling—to"playthegame.""Peopleassumethatofficepoliticsinvolvessomemanipulative(工于心計(jì)的)behavior,"saysDeborahComer,anassistantprofessorofmanagementatHofstraUniversity."Butpoliticsderivesfromtheword'polite'.Itcanmeanlobbyingandformingassociations.Itcanmeanbeingkindandhelpful,oreventryingtopleaseyoursuperior,andthenexpectingsomethinginreturn."Infact,today,expertsdefineofficepoliticsasproperbehaviorusedtopursueone'sownself-interestintheworkplace.Inmanycases,thisinvolvessomeformOfSocializingwithintheofficeenvironment—notjustinlargecompanies,butinsmallworkplacesaswell."Thefirstthingpeopleareusuallyjudgedonistheirabilitytoperformwellonaconsistentbasis,'"saysNeilPLewis,amanagementpsychologist. tw“ooBrutthirfeecandidatesareupforapromotion,eachofwhomhasreasonablysimilarability,amanagerisgoingtopromotethepersonheorshelikesbest.It'ssimplehumannature. ”Yet,psychologistssay,manyemployeesandemployershavetroublewiththeconceptofpoliticsintheoffice.Somepeople,theysay,haveanidealisticvisionofworkandwhatittakestosucceed.Stillothersassociatepoliticswithflattery(奉承),fearfulthat,iftheyspeakupforthemselves,theymayappeartobeflatteringtheirbossforfavors.Expertssuggestalteringthisnegativepicturebyrecognizingtheneedforsomeself-promotion."Officepolitics"(Line2,Para.4)isusedinthepassagetoreferto .thecodeofbehaviorforcompanystaffthepoliticalviewsandbeliefsofofficeworkerstheinterpersonalrelationshipswithinacompanythevariousqualitiesrequiredforasuccessfulcareerTogetpromoted,onemustnotonlybecompetentbut .A)givehisbossagoodimpression B)honestandloyaltohiscompanyC)getalongwellwithhiscolleagues D)avoidbeingtoooutstandingWhyaremanypeopleunwillingto"playthegame"(Line4,Para.5)?Theybelievethatdoingsoisimpractical.Theyfeelthatsuchbehaviorisunprincipled.Theyarenotgoodatmanipulatingcolleagues.Theythinktheeffortwillgetthemnowhere.Theauthorconsidersofficepoliticstobe .unwelcomeattheworkplacebadforinterpersonalrelationshipsindispensabletothedevelopmentofcompanycultureanimportantfactorforpersonaladvancementItistheauthor'sviewthat .speakingupforoneselfispartofhumannatureself-promotiondoesnotnecessarilymeanflatteryhardworkcontributesverylittletoone'spromotionmanyemployeesfailtorecognizetheneedofflatteryPassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:AssoonasitwasrevealedthatareporterforProgressivemagazinehaddiscoveredhowtomakeahydrogenbomb,agroupoffirearm(火器)fansformedtheNationalHydrogenBombAssociation,andtheyarenowlobbyingagainstanylegislationtostopAmericansfromowningone.“TheConstitution,”saidtheassociation’sspokesman,“giveseveryonetherighttoownarms.Itdoesn’tspelloutwhatkindofarms.Butsinceanyonecannowmakeahydrogenbomb,thepublicshouldbeabletobuyittoprotectthemselves.”"Don'tyouthinkit'sdangeroustohaveoneinthehouse,particularlywheretherearechildrenaround?""TheNationalHydrogenBombAssociationhopestoeducatepeopleinthesafehandlingofthistypeofweapon.Weareinstructingownerstokeepthebombinalockedcabinetandthefuse(導(dǎo)火索)separatelyinadrawer.""Somepeopleconsiderthehydrogenbombaveryfatalweaponwhichcouldkillsomebody."Thespokesmansaid,"Hydrogenbombsdon'tkillpeople—peoplekillpeople.Thebombisforself-protectionanditalsohasadeterrenteffect.Ifsomebodyknowsyouhaveanuclearweaponinyourhouse,they'regoingtothinktwiceaboutbreakingin.""ButthosewhowanttobanthebombforAmericancitizensclaimthatifyouhaveonelockedinthecabinet,withthefuseinadrawer,youwouldneverbeabletoassembleitintimetostopanintruder(侵入者).""Anotherargumentagainstallowingpeopletoownabombisthatatthemomentitisveryexpensivetobuildone.Sowhatyourassociationisbackingisaprogramwhichwouldallowthemiddleandupperclassestoacquireabombwhilepoorpeoplewillbeleftdefenselesswithjusthandguns."Accordingtothepassage,somepeoplestartedanationalassociationsoasto .blockanylegislationtobantheprivatepossessionofthebombcoordinatethemassproductionofthedestructiveweaponinstructpeoplehowtokeepthebombsafeathomepromotethelarge-scalesaleofthisnewlyinventedweaponSomepeopleopposetheownershipofH-bombsbyindividualsonthegroundsthat .thesizeofthebombmakesitdifficulttokeepinadrawermostpeopledon'tknowhowtohandletheweaponpeople'sliveswillbethreatenedbytheweapontheymayfallintothehandsofcriminalsBysayingthatthebombalsohasadeterrenteffectthespokesmanmeansthatit .willfrightenawayanypossibleintruderscanshowthespecialstatusofitsownerswillthreatenthesafetyoftheownersaswellcankillthoseenteringothers'housesbyforceAccordingtothepassage,opponentsoftheprivateownershipofH-bombsareverymuchworriedthat .theinfluenceoftheassociationistoopowerfulforthelessprivilegedtoovercomepoorly-educatedAmericanswillfinditdifficulttomakeuseoftheweaponthewideuseoftheweaponwillpushuplivingexpensestremendouslythecostoftheweaponwillputcitizensonanunequalbasisFromthetoneofthepassageweknowthattheauthoris .doubtfulaboutthenecessityofkeepingH-bombsathomeforsafetyunhappywiththosewhovoteagainsttheownershipofH-bombsnotseriousabouttheprivateownershipofH-bombsconcernedaboutthespreadofnuclearweaponsPassageThreeQuesti0ns21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Signhasbecomeascientifichotbutton.Onlyinthepast20yearshavespecialistsinlanguagestudyrealizedthatsignedlanguagesareunique—aspeechofthehand.Theyofferanewwaytoprobehowthebraingeneratesandunderstandslanguage,andthrownewlightonanoldscientificcontroversy:whetherlanguage,completewithgrammar,issomethingthatwearebornWith,orwhetheritisalearnedbehavior.ThecurrentinterestinsignlanguagehasrootsinthepioneeringworkofonerebelteacheratGallaudetUniversityinWashington,D.C.,theworld'sonlyliberalartsuniversityfordeafpeople.WhenBillStokoewenttoGallaudettoteachEnglish,theschoolenrolledhiminacourseinsigning.ButStokoenoticedsomethingodd:amongthemselves,studentssigneddifferentlyfromhisclassroomteacher.Stokoehadbeentaughtasortofgesturalcode,eachmovementofthehandsrepresentingawordinEnglish.Atthetime,AmericanSignLanguage(ASL)wasthoughttobenomorethanaformofpidginEnglish(混雜英語).ButStokoebelievedthe"handtalk"hisstudentsusedlookedricher.Hewondered:Mightdeafpeopleactually:haveagenuinelanguage?AndcouldthatlanguagebeunlikeanyotheronEarth?Itwas1955,whenevendeafpeopledismissedtheirsigningas"substandard".Stokoe'sideawasacademicheresy(異端邪說).Itis37yearslater.Stokoe—-nowdevotinghistimetowritingandeditingbooksandjournalsandtoproducingvideomaterialsonASLandthedeafculture—ishavinglunchatacafeneartheGallaudetcampusandexplaininghowhestartedarevolution.FordecadeseducatorsfoughthisideathatsignedlanguagesarenaturallanguageslikeEnglish,FrenchandJapanese.Theyassumedlanguagemustbebasedonspeech,themodulation(調(diào)節(jié))ofsound.Butsignlanguageisbasedonthemovementofhands,themodulationofspace."WhatIsaid,"Stokoeexplains,"isthatlanguageisnotmouthstuff—it'sbrainstuff."Thestudyofsignlanguageisthoughttobe .anewwaytolookatthelearningoflanguageachallengetotraditional,viewsonthenatureoflanguageanapproach:tosimplifyingthegrammaticalstructureofalanguageanattempttoclarifymisunderstandingabouttheoriginoflanguage22.The,presentgrowinginterestinsignlanguagewasstimulatedby .afamousscholarinthestudyofthehumanbrainaleadingspecialistinthestudyofliberalartsanEnglishteacherinauniversityforthedeafSomeseniorexpertsinAmericanSignLanguageAccordingtoStokoe,signlanguageis .aSubstandardlanguage C)anartificiallanguageagenuinelanguage D)aninternationallanguageMosteducatorsobjectedtoStokoe'sideabecausetheythought .signlanguagewasnotextensivelyusedevenbydeafpeoplesignlanguagewastooartificialtobewidelyacceptedalanguageshouldbeeasytouseandunderstandalanguagecouldonlyexistintheformofspeechsoundsStokoe'sargumentisbasedonhisbeliefthat .signlanguageisasefficientasanyotherlanguagesignlanguageisderivedfromnaturallanguagelanguageisasystemofmeaningfulcodeslanguageisaproductofthebrainPassageFourQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ItcameassomethingofasurprisewhenDiana,PrincessofWales,madeatriptoAngolain1997,tosupporttheRedCross'scampaignforatotalbanonallanti-personnellandmines.WithinhoursofarrivinginAngola,televisionscreensaroundtheWorldwerefilledwithimagesofhercomfortingvictimsinjuredinexplosionscausedbylandmines."Iknewthestatistics,"shesaid."Butputtingafacetothosefiguresbroughttherealityhometome;likeWhenImetSandra,a13-year-oldgirlwhohadlostherleg,andpeoplelikeher."ThePrincessconcluded,withasimplemessage:"Wemuststoplandmines".Andsheusedeveryopportunityduringhervisittorepeatthismessage.But,backinLondon,herviewswerenotsharedbysomemembersoftheBritishgovernment,whichrefusedtosupportabanontheseweapons.Angrypoliticianslaunchedan,attackonthePrincessinthepress.Theydescribedheras"veryill-informed"anda"loosecannon(亂放炮的人)."ThePrincessrespondedbybrushingasidethecriticisms:"Thisisadistraction(干擾)wedonotneed.AllI'mtryingtodoishelp."Oppositionparties,themediaandthePublicimmediatelyvoicedtheirsupportforthePrincess.Tomakemattersworseforthegovernment,itsoonemergedthatthePrincess'striphadbeenapprovedbytheForeignOffice,andthatshewasinfactverywell-informedaboutboththesituationinAngolaandtheBritishgovernment'spolicyregardinglandmines.Theresultwasasevereembarrassmentforthegovernment.Totryandlimitthedamage,theForeignSecretary,MalcolmRifkind,claimedthatthePrincess'sviewsonlandmineswerenotverydifferentfromgovernmentpolicy,andthatitwas"workingtowards"aworldwideban.TheDefenceSecretary,MichaelPortillo,claimedthematterwas"amisinterpretationormisunderstanding."ForthePrincess,thetriptothiswar-torncountrywasanexcellentopportunitytouseherpopularitytoshowtheworldhowmuchdestructionandsufferinglandminescancause.ShesaidthattheexperiencehadalsogivenhertheChancetogetclosertopeopleandtheirproblems.PrincessDianapaidavisittoAngolain1997 .tovoicehersupportforatotalbanoflandminestoclarifytheBritishgovernment'sstandonlandminestoinvestigatethesufferingsoflandminevictimstheretoestablishherimageasafriendoflandminevictimsWhatdidDianameanwhenshesaid"...puttingafacetothosefiguresbroughttherealityhometome"(Line5,Para.1)?Shejustcouldn'tbeartomeetthelandminevictimsfacetoface.TheactualsituationinAngolamadeherfeellikegoingbackhome.Meetingthelandminevictimsinpersonmadeherbelievethestatistics.Seeingthepainofthevictimsmadeherrealizetheseriousnessofthesituation.SomemembersoftheBritishgovernmentcriticizedDianabecause .shewasill-informedofthegovernment'spolicytheywereactuallyopposedtobanninglandminesshehadnotconsultedthegovernmentbeforethevisittheybelievedthatshehadmisinterpretedthesituationinAngolaHowdidDianarespondtothecriticisms?Shepaidnoattentiontothem.ShemademoreappearancesonTV.Shemetthe13-year-oldgirlasplanned.Sherosetoarguewithheropponents.WhatdidPrincessDianathinkofhervisittoAngola?IthadcausedembarrassmenttotheBritishgovernment.Ithadbroughtherclosertotheordinarypeople.Ithadgreatlypromotedherpopularity.IthadaffectedherrelationswiththeBritishgovernment.PartIIIVocabularyandStructure(20minutes)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Iwentalongthinkingofnothing ,onlylookingatthingsaroundme,inparticular C)indoubtinharmony D)inbriefCriticsbelievethatthecontroloftelevisionbymassadvertisinghas thequalityoftheprograms.lessened C)affecteddeclined D)effectedImustcongratulateyou theexcellentdesignofthenewbridge.with C) atof D) onThereisafully healthcenteronthegroundfloorofthemainofficebuilding.installed C) providedequipped D) projectedFormorethan20years,we'vebeensupportingeducationalprogramsthat fromkindergartenstocolleges.move C) rangeshift D) spreadThe atthemilitaryacademyissorigidthatstudentscanhardlybearit.convention C) principleconfinement D) disciplineThetestresultsarebeyond ;theyhavebeenrepeatedinlabsallovertheworld.negotiation C) bargainconflict D) disputeIwasso intoday'shistorylesson.Ididn'tunderstandathing.amazed C) confusedneglected D) amusedIt youtoatleast50%offtheregularpriceofeitherframesorlenseswhenyoubuyboth.presents C)creditsentitles D)tipsDesertsandhighmountainshavealwaysbeena tothemovementofpeoplefromplacetoplace.barrier C)preventionfence D)jamInordertomakethingsconvenientforthepeople,thedepartmentisplanningtosetupsome shopsintheresidentialarea.flowing C) mobiledrifting D) unstableMr.Smithsays:"Themediaareverygoodatsensingamoodandthen it."overtaking C) wideningenlarging D) exaggeratingThisisnotaneconomicalwaytogetmorewater; ,itisveryexpensive.ontheotherhand C) inshortonthecontrary D) orelseItwasthefirsttimethatsucha hadtobetakenataBritishnuclearpowerstation.presentation C) preparationprecaution D) prediction thathewasn'thappywiththearrangements,Itriedtobookadifferenthotel.Perceiving C) PuzzlingPenetrating D) PreservingTheboardofthecompanyhasdecidedto itsoperationstoincludeallaspectsoftheclothingbusiness.multiply C)expandlengthen D)stretchHisbusinesswasverysuccessful,butitwasatthe ofhis.familylife.consumption C) exhaustioncredit D) expenseFirstpublishedin1927,thechartsremainan sourceforresearchers.identical C) intelligentindispensable D) inevitableJoeisnotgoodatsports,butwhenit mathematics,heisthe'bestintheesto C)comesontocomesupto D)comesaroundtoDoctorswarnedagainstchewingtobaccoasa forsmoking.relief C) substituterevival D) successionWhencarbonisaddedtoironinproper theresultissteel.rates C) proportionsthicknesses D) densitiesYoushouldtryto yourambitionandbemorerealistic.reserve C) retainrestrain D) replaceNancyisonlyasortof ofherhusband'sopinionandhasnoideasofherown.sample C) shadowreproduction D) echoNowthatspringishere,youcan thesefurcoatstillyouneedthemagainnextwinter.putover C) putoffputaway D) putdownThereisa ofimpatienceinthetoneofhisvoice.hint C) dotnotion D) phrasePlease dictionarieswhenyouarenotsureofwordspellingormeaning.seek C) searchinquire D) consultAtyesterday'sparty,Elizabeth'sboyfriendamusedusby CharlieChaplin.copying C) imitatingfollowing D) modelingShekeepsasupplyofcandlesinthehouseincaseofpower failure C) absencelack D) dropThegroupoftechniciansareengagedinastudywhich allaspectsofurbanplanning.inserts C) performsgrips D) embracesThelecturewhichlastedaboutthreehourswasso thattheaudiencecouldn'thelpyawning.tedious C)clumsybored D)tiredCloze(15minutes)Directions: Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.HistorianstendtotellthesamejokewhentheyaredescribinghistoryeducationinAmerica.It'stheone__61__theteacherstandingintheschoolroomdoor__62__goodbyetostudentsforthesummerandcalling__63__them,"Bytheway,wewonWorldWarII."Theproblemwiththejoke,ofcourse,isthatit's__64__funny.Therecentsurveyson__65__illiteracy(無知 )arebeginningtonumb(令人震驚 ):nearlyonethirdofAmerican17-year-oldscannoteven__66__whichcountriestheUnitedStates__67__againstinthatwar.Onethirdhaveno__68__whentheDeclarationofIndependencewas__69__.OnethirdthoughtColumbusreachedtheNewWorldafter1750.Twothirdscannotcorrectly__70__theCivilWarbetween1850and1900.__71__whentheygettheanswersright,someare__72__guessing.Unlikemathorscience,ignoranceofhistorycan