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power韜光養(yǎng)晦hideone'scapacitiesandbideone'stime有所作為dosomething;makeadifference;amounttosomething美蘇兩級對峙US-Sovietconfrontation多極化multi-polarization全球化globalization全球化與本土化GlobalizationandLocalization反全球化Anti-globalization反全球化運動Anti-globalizationMovement全球化進程globalizationprocess多樣化diversification霸權(quán)主義hegemonism國際行為主體（internationalactor）internationalmainactionbodyinternationalbehaviormainbodies新干涉主義neo-interventionism新興市場國家emergingmarketcountries;EmergingEconomies;emergingcountries古典現(xiàn)實主義ClassicalRealism新現(xiàn)實主義neorealism新制度主義newinstitutionalism構(gòu)建主義constructivism信條creed;belief（doctrine主義；學(xué)說；教義；信條）主權(quán)國sovereignstate主權(quán)sovereignrights;sovereignty:國家主權(quán)statesovereignty;領(lǐng)土主權(quán)territorialsovereignty;國家實力nationaleconomicstrength；nationalstrength；Statepower國家實力綜合指數(shù)CompositeIndexofNationalCapability國家軟實力SoftPoweroftheCountry;softpowerofthenation;NationalSoftPower顯示我們國家的實力Displayournationalstrength（英、美、蘇三國政府首腦）雅爾塔會議YaltaConference雅爾塔體系Yaltasystem鐵幕IronCurtain遏制containment馬歇爾計劃TheMarshallPlan，(官方名稱為歐洲復(fù)興計劃EuropeanRecoveryProgram）北大西洋公約組織NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization(NATO)杜魯門主義TrumanDoctrine莫洛托夫計劃MolotovPlan經(jīng)互會theCouncilofMutualEconomicAssistance(CMEA/Comecon);CouncilforMutualEconomicAid華約theWarsawTreatyOrganization大國主義GreatPowerChauvinism(Russianchauvinism)歐共體（歐洲煤鋼共同體、歐洲原子能共同體和歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體的總稱。又稱歐洲共同市場，簡稱歐共體）EuropeanCommunities；EuropeanEconomicCommunity歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation亞非會議theAsian-AfricanConference不結(jié)盟國家首腦會議thesummitofthenon-alignedcountries緩和緊張局勢ease[relax]internationaltension;信息技術(shù)革命revolutionininformationtechnology分裂主義

splittism;separatism；secessionism,(nationalseparatism)分化瓦解disintegrate；divideanddemoralize政治多元化politicalpluralism；politicalmultiplicity地緣政治geopolitics尼克松主義(NixonDoctrine)：尼克松總統(tǒng)制訂的收縮美國全球義務(wù)，調(diào)整國際關(guān)系的外交新方針。南北對話North-Southdialogue南南合作South-Southcooperation.拉丁美洲經(jīng)濟體系LatinAmericanEconomicSystem（1975年10月17日，拉美23國政府代表簽署《巴拿馬協(xié)議》，宣告成立拉丁美洲經(jīng)濟體系。1976年6月7日協(xié)議正式生效。）東南亞國家聯(lián)盟AssociationofSouth-EastAsianNations（ASEAN）（1967年8月7－8日，印度尼西亞、泰國、新加坡、菲律賓四國外長和馬來西亞副總理在曼谷舉行會議，發(fā)表了《曼谷宣言》，正式宣告東南亞國家聯(lián)盟成立。）南亞區(qū)域合作聯(lián)盟theSouthAsianAssociationforRegionalCooperation(SAARC)（1985年成立）單邊主義Unilateralism多邊主義Multilateralism零和博弈Zero-sumgame美國“重返亞太”戰(zhàn)略舉動U.S."returntoAsia"strategicmove金融危機FinancialCrisis顏色革命Colourrevolution;Flowerrevolution租借法案Lend-LeaseAct布雷頓森林協(xié)定BrettonWoodsAgreement關(guān)稅與貿(mào)易總協(xié)定GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade(GATT)美元危機DollarCrisis固定匯率fixed/peggedexchangerate浮動匯率floatingexchangerate貶值devaluation升值appreciation波動fluctuation金融動蕩financialturbulence拋售bearsales瘋狂拋售bearraid;(undersell;dump;unload)道奇路線DodgeLine新殖民主義Neo-colonialism第四點計劃PointFourProgram國民生產(chǎn)總值grossnationalproduct人均國民生產(chǎn)總值percapitaGNP;percapitagrossnationalproduct;grossnationalproductpercapita;實際國民生產(chǎn)總值real/actualgrossnationalproduct平均國民生產(chǎn)總值averagegrossnationalproduct國際收支平衡balanceofpayments;balanceofinternationalpayments;BalanceofPaymentsStatement;國際收支狀況balanceofpaymentsposition/situation禁運embargo制裁sanction中東戰(zhàn)爭MiddleEastWar;Arab-IsraeliConflict凱恩斯主義Keynesianism滯漲stagflation（經(jīng)濟停滯(Stagnation)與高通貨膨脹(Inflation)，失業(yè)以及不景氣同時存在的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象）三足鼎立asituationoftripartiteconfrontation;likethethreelegsofatripod；athree-wayrace；“threepillar”structure貿(mào)易順差tradesurplus;favorablebalanceoftrade貿(mào)易逆差tradedeficit；unfavourabletradebalance;adversetradebalance;赤字（支出多于收入）deficit:赤字財政deficitfinancing;赤字財政理論deficitfinancing;debtfinance;赤字財政政策deficitfinancepolicy;債權(quán)國creditorcountry;creditornation債務(wù)國debtornation經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)economicstructure;economicalstructure經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整economicrestructuring；economicstructuraladjustment歐盟EUEuropeanUnion北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)NAFTANorthAmericanFreeTradeArea亞太經(jīng)合組織APECAsia-PacificEconomicCooperation自由貿(mào)易區(qū)freetradearea南方共同市場SouthCommonMarket安第斯共同市場ANCOMAndeanCommonMarket安第斯共同體AndeanCommunity南美洲國家聯(lián)盟UnionofSouthAmericanNation海灣合作委員會GulfCooperationCouncil加勒比國家共同體CARICOMCaribbeancountriescommunity阿拉伯石油輸出國組織OAPECOrganizationofArabPetroleumExportingCountries國際貨幣基金組織IMFInternationalMonetaryFund世界銀行WorldBank一體化integration一體化經(jīng)濟學(xué)economicsofintegration; 一體化區(qū)域合作integratedregionalcooperation;理性reason;rationality次級抵押貸款危機Subprimemortgagecrisis金融衍生品financialderivativeinstrument;financialderivatives多米諾骨牌效應(yīng)DominoEffect崛起（突起）riseabruptly;risesharply;suddenlyappearonthehorizon:泡沫經(jīng)濟bubbleeconomy;foameconomy衰退recession貝爾斯登公司BearStearns(曾經(jīng)是美國第五大投資銀行)美林證券MerrillLynch(financialmanagementandadvisory)雷曼兄弟公司LehmanBrothers雷曼兄弟公司LehmanBrothersHoldings;LehmanBrothers;LEHLehmanBrothersHoldingsInc雷曼兄弟控股公司LehmanBrothersHoldingsInc;LehmanBrothers;LEHMQ雷曼兄弟亞洲公司LehmanBrothersAsia摩根士丹利MorganStanley摩根士丹利亞洲MorganStanleyAsia摩根士丹利國際MorganStanleyInternational高盛GoldmanSachs高盛國際GoldmanSachsInternational破產(chǎn)bankruptcy；gobroke;gobankrupt;becomeimpoverished破產(chǎn)的bankrupt;broke;insolvent;破產(chǎn)政策liquidationstrategy破產(chǎn)法院bankruptcycourt;CourtofBankruptcy;產(chǎn)業(yè)空心化industryhollowing虛擬經(jīng)濟fictitiouseconomy;virtualeconomy監(jiān)管機構(gòu)regulator;supervisionorganization;regulatorybody;regulatoryagency金融業(yè)監(jiān)管機構(gòu)FinancialIndustryRegulatoryAuthority主要美國監(jiān)管機構(gòu)primaryUSregulators金融服務(wù)監(jiān)管機構(gòu)OJK;FinancialServicesAgency金磚四國BRICs經(jīng)濟增長點economicgrowthpoint;新經(jīng)濟增長點newsourcesofeconomicgrowth經(jīng)濟增長方式economicgrowthmode最不發(fā)達國家leastdevelopedcountries私有化privatization轉(zhuǎn)型國家countriesintransition;transitioncountries(正在向工業(yè)國過渡的發(fā)展中國家)跨國公司MNCsmultinationalcorporations壟斷monopoly壟斷地租monopolyrent;壟斷集團ring;monopolygroup;壟斷價格monopolyprices;administeredprice;cartelprice;壟斷交易ringtrading;兼并merger東印度公司EastIndiaCompany杜邦DuPont,thesecond-largestchemicalcompanyintheUnitedStates殼牌石油ShellOilCompany;Shell;ShellOilCo;SOPUS殼牌集團RoyalDutchShell;ShellGroup三菱銀行MitsubishiBank東京銀行BankofTokyo三菱東京銀行MitsubishiTokyoFinancialGroup;BOTM奔馳Mercedes-Benz克萊斯勒Chrysler波音BoeingCompany麥道公司McDonnellDouglas美國麥道飛機公司McDonnellDouglasAutomation英國電信BTBritishTelecom;BTGroupPlc美國電話電報公司AT&TAmericanTelephoneandTelegraphCompany強強聯(lián)合alliancebetweengiants;powerfulcombination;associationbetweenstrongenterprises獨資經(jīng)營soleproprietorship；individualproprietorship合資經(jīng)營jointventure合作經(jīng)營cooperativemanagement;cooperativebusinessoperation技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓transferoftechnology;technicaltransformation;transferofskill;technologytransfer服務(wù)業(yè)serviceindustry超級企業(yè)megacorporation;supercorp;superenterprise世界貿(mào)易worldtrade;worldcommerce;internationaltrade;globaltrade貨物貿(mào)易tradeingoods;goodstrade;cargotrade;commoditytrade有形貿(mào)易visibletrade;tangibletrade無形貿(mào)易invisibletrade;intangibletrade服務(wù)貿(mào)易servicetrade;tradeinservice咨詢counsel;consultation;counseling;咨詢服務(wù)ConsultingServices;advisoryservices;referenceservice;counseling咨詢公司Consulting;Corporation;consultants;consultancy咨詢顧問Consultant;OracleEBS;BusinessConsultant;BOC-GD公平貿(mào)易原則、透明度原則、非歧視性貿(mào)易原則fairtradeprinciple,transparencyprincipleandnodiscriminationtradeprinciple互惠和減讓關(guān)稅原則principleofreciprocityandtariffsreduction互惠關(guān)稅mutuallypreferentialtariff取消數(shù)量限制原則EliminationofQuantitativeRestrictions磋商調(diào)解原則RuleofConsultationandMediation多邊貿(mào)易體制theMultilateralTradingSystem貿(mào)易保護主義tradeprotectionism反傾銷anti-dumping反傾銷法anti-dumpinglaw世界經(jīng)濟運行金融業(yè)financialindustry;bankingbusiness;financialsector;金融業(yè)監(jiān)管機構(gòu)FinancialIndustryRegulatoryAuthority財務(wù)公司financecompany;financecorporation多邊支付multilateralpayments外匯forex;foreigncurrency;foreignexchange外匯儲備foreignexchangereserve;exchangecover;外匯波動foreignexchangefluctuation;外匯管理foreignexchangeadministration;foreignexchangemanagement;foreignexchangecontrol中國外匯管理局StateAdministrationofForeignExchange;SAFE入口外匯管理申報exchangecontroldeclare;exchangecontroldeclaration;牙買加體系Jamaicasystem儲備reserve;store儲備貨幣reservecurrency;worldreservecurrency;anchorcurrency;reservemoney儲備基金reservefund;外匯儲備foreignexchangereserve; 自給自足經(jīng)濟self-containedeconomy;self-supportingeconomy;self-sufficienteconomy替罪羊scapegoat;fallguy;分工divisionoflabour垂直分工verticaldivisionoflabor垂直分工貿(mào)易vertical-specialization-basedtrade垂直分工體系perpendicularitydivisionsystem水平分工horizontaldivisionoflabour水平型國際分工horizontalinternationaldivisionoflabour流通circulating;circulation流通領(lǐng)域fieldofcirculation;circulationarea;circulationfield;fieldofdistribution貨幣流通currencycirculation生產(chǎn)部門productionsector；productiondepartment配置allocation;configuration;disposition組合combination;assembly;group投資組合portfolio;investmentportfolio;PortfolioInvestment;BusinessPortfolio營銷組合marketingmix;FourPs;Thefourpsofmarketing;P's優(yōu)勢互補(oftwocountriesorcompanies)havecomplementaryadvantages受益者beneficiary制造業(yè)manufacturingindustry；manufacturingsector后發(fā)優(yōu)勢late-moveradvantage;second-moveradvantage資源resource短語水力資源hydropower;waterpower;hydroelectric;hydroelectricenergy資源枯竭resourcedepletion;resourceexhaustion;exhaustedresource;exhaustionofresources中央集權(quán)centralization(ofauthority)政府主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟government'sleading/dominanteconomy社會市場經(jīng)濟socialmarketeconomy混合型經(jīng)濟mixedeconomy看不見的手invisiblehand方興未艾bejustunfolding;beintheascendant;bestillgrowing;bestillmakingprogress;經(jīng)濟增長模式modeofeconomicdevelopment集約型經(jīng)濟增長模式intensivemodeofeconomicgrowth粗放型經(jīng)濟增長模式extensiveeconomygrowthmode勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)labourconcentratedindustry;labourintensiveindustry資本密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)capitalconcentratedindustry信息密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)informationintensiveindustry經(jīng)濟發(fā)展不平衡unbalancedeconomicdevelopment;uneveneconomicdevelopment金融市場動蕩turbulenceinthefinancialmarkets巴林銀行BaringsBank市場開拓marketdevelopment;marketexploitation國際市場開拓internationalmarketexpansion金融工具financialinstruments;monetaryinstrument derivativefinancialinstruments證券security;bond;negotiablesecurities:證券兌換exchangeofsecurities;證券包銷人[承購人]underwriter;證券化securitization宏觀經(jīng)濟調(diào)控macroeconomicregulationandcontrol;macroeconomiccontrolandadjustment宏觀經(jīng)濟調(diào)控措施macroeconomicadjustmentandcontrolmeasure;macro-economiccontrolmeasures宏觀經(jīng)濟狀況macroeconomiccondition；macroeconomicsituation短期投機資本short-termspeculativecapital熱錢hotmoney，又稱游資refugeecapital利潤profit;margin(毛利)晴雨表barometer;weatherglass;glass金融相關(guān)率FIRFinancialInterrelationsRatio,正相關(guān)positivecorrelation；positiverelationship生態(tài)平衡ecologicalbalance;ecologicalequilibrium生存環(huán)境livingenvironment；survivalenvironment；existingcircumstance可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainabledevelopment生產(chǎn)方式productionmode;modeofproduction替代產(chǎn)品substituteproducts;surrogateproducts節(jié)約自然資源savenaturalresources消費結(jié)構(gòu)consumptionstructure;patternofconsumption溫室氣體排放量greenhousegasemissionsChapter3西方中心主義WesternCentrism；Eurocentrism意識形態(tài)ideology經(jīng)濟合作與發(fā)展OECDOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment國家干預(yù)經(jīng)濟interventionbygovernment充分就業(yè)fullemployment新保守主義neo-conservatism新自由主義neoliberalism貨幣主義monetarism供應(yīng)經(jīng)濟學(xué)派supply-sideeconomics第三條道路ThirdWay人民資本主義people'scapitalism國有化nationalization私有化privatization福利國welfarestate私人壟斷privatemonopoly國家壟斷statemonopoly;nationalmonopoly國民收入再分配redistributionofnationalincome社會保障socialsecurity;socialinsurance住房補貼housingallowance.housingadd;rentalallowance住房公積金housingfund;legalreservesofhousingacquisitionprovidentFund;housingaccumulationfunds;housingprovidentfund住房抵押貸款homemortgage;housingmortgageloan;residentialmortgageloan勞資合作labor-managementcooperation;collaborationbetweenlabourandcapital科學(xué)管理scientificmanagementTaylorism;Taylorization;Principleofscientificmanagement行為科學(xué)behaviouralscience勞動人事管理laborandpersonnelmanagement微觀經(jīng)濟學(xué)microeconomics市場財務(wù)管理financialmanagementofthemarket戰(zhàn)略管理strategicmanagement(是指對一個企業(yè)或組織在一定時期的全局的、長遠的發(fā)展方向、目標(biāo)、任務(wù)和政策，以及資源調(diào)配做出的決策和管理藝術(shù)。)價值觀values國際經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)機制internationaleconomiccoordinationmechanism廣場協(xié)議PlazaAccord命運共同體acommondestiny;communityofdestiny;communityoffate;FateCommunity;co-destiny階級分層stratification流派school;genre;sect:學(xué)術(shù)流派schoolsofthought思潮ideologicaltrend;trendofthought異化dissimilation;alienation；foreignization 資本主義的異化capitalistalienation民權(quán)運動civilrightsmovement黨綱partyplatform；partyprogramme;programmeoftheParty中庸moderation；thewayofmedium；goldenmean;wayofmean自由放任的經(jīng)濟政策laissezfaireeconomicpolicy民主社會主義democraticsocialism實用主義pragmatism折中主義eclecticism改良主義reformism利益集團interestgroup壓力集團pressuregroup或院外集團lobbyinggroups水門事件WatergateEvent;WatergateCase;WatergateScandal貪污腐敗corruption新聞自由freedomofthepress;pressfreedom;freedomofinformation;公民自由civilliberty誹謗罪crimeofdefamation;offenseoflibel新聞檢查presscensorship;newscensoring普選generalelection投票vote;voting;ballot;poll公民投票referendum;plebiscite;Ballotreferendum;Ballotinitiative分權(quán)separationofpowers;decentralizationofauthority制衡checkandbalance；counterbalance;行政administration；executive（行政機構(gòu)）行政部門executivebranch行政命令administrativeorder；executiveorder行政專橫administrativeabsolutism立法legislation;lawmaking;legalization；legislature(立法機構(gòu))司法judiciary;judicature；judiciary（司法部門）司法部長attorneygeneral;司法裁決judicialdecision;司法程序judicialprocess;judicialprocedure;司法處理權(quán)judicialdiscretion;議會至上parliamentarysupremacy君主立憲（制）constitutionalmonarchy議會共和制parliamentaryrepublic總統(tǒng)共和制presidentialrepublic；apresidentialrepublic委員會制commissionsystem資產(chǎn)階級民主制bourgeoisdemocracy聯(lián)邦制federalism;federalsystem邦聯(lián)制confederation人民主權(quán)popularsovereignty;sovereigntyinthepeople;sovereignpeople代議制representativegovernment;representativedemocracy一黨制single-partysystem;兩黨制two-partysystem多黨制multi-partysystem公務(wù)員制civilservantsystem;檢察機關(guān)state'sattorney;procuratorialorgan獨立公斷人independentarbitrator兩院制bicameralism;two-chambersystem;bicameralsystem;bicamerallegislature一院制unicameralism;unicamerallegislature陪審actasanassessor;serveasanassessor;serveonajury:大陪審團grandjury;特別陪審團specialjury;小陪審團trialjury陪審?fù)uryroom;陪審團jury;陪審席(jury)box;陪審員juror;juryman;陪審制度jurysystem;systemofassessors審理hear;try;trial裁決makearuling;judge;decide;rule;adjudicate;adjudication;arbitration;award;ruling;verdict訴訟lawsuit;litigation辯護plead;defend;assert;defense辯護律師counselforthedefense;defensecounsel;虛位元首titularhead內(nèi)閣cabinet半總統(tǒng)制semi-presidentsystem半總統(tǒng)半議會制half-presidentialandhalf-parliamentarysystem行使權(quán)利exerciseright;enforcementofright不信任投票權(quán)（倒閣權(quán)）voteofnoconfidence；thevoteofnoconfidence權(quán)力獨占monopolizedpower排外exclusive;antiforeigner;opposeeverythingforeign:盲目排外blindoppositiontoeverythingforeign排外運動anti-foreignmovement;排外政策theexclusionpolicy;apolicyofdiscriminationagainstforeigners;排外主義exclusivism;exclusionism;antiforeignism;排外主義者exclusionist種族歧視racism;racialdiscrimination狹隘民族主義narrownationalism;parochialnationalism偏執(zhí)stubborn;bigoted個人主義individualism;.(individualisticadj.)相對主義relativism道德（人們共同生活及其行為的準(zhǔn)則和規(guī)范）morals;morality;ethics:道德敗壞degenerate;moraldegradation;公共道德publicmorals;舊道德觀念oldmoralconcepts;商業(yè)道德commercialmorality;businessethics;體育道德sportsmanship;東方的倫理道德Easternmorals;違背道德transgressmorality;布熱津斯基ZbigniewBrzezinski虛無主義nihilism邪教heresy邪教徒heretic民兵militia;militiaman;minuteman孤立主義isolationism啟蒙enlightenment;initiation啟蒙時代theAgeofEnlightenment;啟蒙時期periodofenlightenment;裁軍disarmament西半球防務(wù)條約theRioTreatyfordefenseoftheWesternHemisphere核訛詐nuclearblackmail戰(zhàn)爭邊緣政策brinkofwarpolicy;brinkmanship后盾prop；posteriorshield；backing；backupforce；supporter先發(fā)制人strikefirsttogaintheinitiative；beattothedraw；dominatetheenemybystrikingfirst；firethefirstshot；getthedroponsb.超越遏制戰(zhàn)略beyondcontainmentstrategy歐元區(qū)Eurozone;Eurogroup;Euroland常任主席permanent/standingpresident歐洲理事會EuropeanCouncil歐盟委員會EuropeanCommission高級代表HighRepresentative(“歐盟外長”，負責(zé)歐盟外長理事會，同時兼任歐盟委員會副主席，掌管歐洲對外事物)社會達爾文主義SocialDarwinism叢林法則thelawofthejungle亞非會議theAsian-AfricanConference底格里斯河theTigrisRiver幼發(fā)拉底河theEuphratesRiver恒河theGangesRiver軍人政治militarypolitics政教合一unificationofthestateandthechurch.神權(quán)政治theocracy部落酋長制tribalchiefsystem部落制tribalism軍事政變militarycoup基督教Christianity伊斯蘭教Islam;Mohammedanism遜尼派Sunnite什葉派Shiah;Shi'i正統(tǒng)派orthodox正統(tǒng)派猶太教OrthodoxJudaism;OrthodoxJew極端正統(tǒng)派猶太教ultra-Orthodox正統(tǒng)派基督教fundamentalism非正統(tǒng)派heterodox圣戰(zhàn)HolyWar二元經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)dualeconomicstructure債務(wù)危機debtcrisis主權(quán)債務(wù)危機sovereigndebtcrisis糧食危機foodcrisis人口問題populationproblem華盛頓共識WashingtonConsensus后華盛頓共識Post-WashingtonConsensus北京共識BeijingConsensus和平共處五項原則theFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistence互相尊重主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整mutualrespectforterritorialintegrityandsovereignty；互不侵犯mutualnon-aggression；互不干涉內(nèi)政non-interferenceineachother'sinternalaffairs；平等互利equalityandmutualbenefit維也納體系Viennasystem（19世紀(jì)初拿破侖帝國崩潰后，以英、俄、奧、普為首的戰(zhàn)勝國通過維也納會議在歐洲大陸上建立的新均勢體系。）美西戰(zhàn)爭American-SpanishWar(1898)；英布戰(zhàn)爭Anglo-BoerWar（1899年10月11日–1902年5月31日）（英國同荷蘭移民后裔布爾人建立的南非共和國和奧蘭治自由邦為爭奪南非領(lǐng)土和地下資源而進行的一場戰(zhàn)爭。又稱南非戰(zhàn)爭、布爾戰(zhàn)爭或第二次布爾戰(zhàn)爭。）日俄戰(zhàn)爭Russo-JapaneseWar(1904-1905)時代主題eratheme；themeoftimes；無政府a(chǎn)narchy；nongovernmental憲章charter；constitution權(quán)威的authoritative；canonical貧困poverty;impoverished；poverty-stricken兩黨的bipartisan1.但是霸權(quán)主義和強權(quán)政治依然存在，局部地區(qū)的武裝沖突還在繼續(xù)，天下仍不太平。However,hegemonismandpowerpoliticscontinuetohangon,regionalarmedconflictspersist,andtheworldisstillnottranquil.2.在國際事務(wù)中，我們將繼續(xù)伸張正義，反對霸權(quán)主義和強權(quán)政治，維護世界和平與穩(wěn)定，促進人類的共同發(fā)展。Ininternationalaffairs,wewillcontinuetoupholdjustice,opposehegemonismandpowerpolitics,maintainworldpeaceandstabilityandpromotecommondevelopmentofmankind.3．國際沖突是國際行為主體之間經(jīng)常發(fā)生的國際現(xiàn)象，是國際政治學(xué)研究的重要內(nèi)容。Internationalconflictasfrequentinternationalphenomenonamonginternationalbehaviormainbodiesareimportantcontentsininternationalpolitics.4.同時，它還為美國爭奪世界霸權(quán)的行為提供理論依據(jù)，為美國的新干涉主義提供現(xiàn)實借口。ThenitprovidedAmericanbehavioroffightingsupremeoftheworldwiththeoryfoundationandprovidedrealisticpretextforAmericannewinterventionism.5.隨著美蘇兩級對峙戰(zhàn)略格局的瓦解，世界終于走出了冷戰(zhàn)。WiththestrategicsituationiscollapseofUS-Sovietconfrontation,finally,theworldoutoftheColdwar.6.或者說，古典現(xiàn)實主義國際關(guān)系理論成為我們理解冷戰(zhàn)時期國際法與國際組織實踐的一個重要途徑。Inotherwords,theinternationalrelationstheoryofclassicalrealismhasbecomeanimportantwayforustounderstandthepracticeduringtheColdWar.7.該倡議似乎符合華盛頓的立場，而且這番講話強烈反射出被外交人士稱之為“新現(xiàn)實主義”的奧巴馬外交政策。TheinitiativeseemedtohavebeensquaredwithWashingtonandthespeechreflectedstronglywhatdiplomatsaredescribingasthe"newrealism"ofBarackObama'sforeignpolicy.8.作為歐洲一體化理論的三大流派之一，新制度主義運用新制度經(jīng)濟學(xué)范式來考察歐洲一體化進程。AmongthemainstreamoftheoriesofEuropeanintegration,thenewinstitutionalismtakesoneofthethreemainvariants.9.根據(jù)構(gòu)建主義理論，知識的構(gòu)建過程不是一個人的封閉系統(tǒng)，只有在與他人的相互作用，相互合作的活動中才可能實現(xiàn)。Accordingtothetheoryofconstructivism,theconstructivistprocessofknowledgeisnotone'sclosedsystem.Onlywhenonesinteractonandcooperatewitheachother,canitbeachieved.10.Independenceandsovereignequalityamongstatesisafundamentalprincipleofinternationallaw.國家的獨立和主權(quán)平等，是國際法上的一項根本原則。11.ThelegalbasisoftheYaltaSystemwasalloftheagreementsreachedinaseriesofrelatedmeetingsaroundtheYaltameeting.TheEstablishmentoftheYaltaSystemandtheSettingUpoftheSovietSphereofInfluence.雅爾塔體制是以雅爾塔會議前后一系列相關(guān)會議達成的所有協(xié)定為法律基礎(chǔ)的;雅爾塔體制的形成與蘇聯(lián)勢力范圍的確立.12.ThewithdrawalofSovieteconomicandtechnicalaidintheearly-1960scausedtradetoshiftawayfromtheUSSRanditsComeconpartnerstowardsJapanandWesternEurope.20世紀(jì)60年代，蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟和技術(shù)援助撤走，導(dǎo)致了中國與蘇聯(lián)及經(jīng)互會成員國的貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)向于日本和西歐國家的貿(mào)易。13.新的世界格局尚未形成。Thenewsetupoftheworldhasnotformed.14.因此，美國也極其重視對東歐政策，試圖通過其對東歐政策目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)來分化瓦解社會主義陣營，孤立和打擊蘇聯(lián)，最終獲得冷戰(zhàn)的勝利。Therefore,allpreviousUSgovernmentshavebeentryingtopursueapolicythatwouldimpelothersocialismcountriestobreakawayfromSovietcampandeventuallygaveupsocialism.15.新世紀(jì)的開端，經(jīng)濟全球化、政治多元化、教育國際化等趨勢方興未艾。Onthethresholdofthenewcentury,varioustendencieshavingbeenintheirbooms,suchastheeconomicalglobalization,thepoliticalmultiplicity,educationalinternationalizationandsoon.16.WhileAmericahasbeenpreoccupiedwithIraqandAfghanistan,whatnewgeo-politicaldevelopmentsformationofalliances,etc.當(dāng)美國正忙于伊拉克問題,和阿富汗問題時，在地緣政治發(fā)展方面,如建立聯(lián)盟，等等。17.雙方應(yīng)深化在非傳統(tǒng)安全領(lǐng)域的合作，努力促進南北對話和南南合作。Bothsidesshouldreinforcecooperationinnon-traditionalsecurityareasandpromoteSouth-NorthdialogueandSouth-Southcooperation.18.南亞區(qū)域聯(lián)盟是南亞地區(qū)重要的區(qū)域合作組織，對維護南亞地區(qū)的穩(wěn)定，促進南亞地區(qū)的共同發(fā)展發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。SAARCisanimportantregionalcooperativeorganizationinSouthAsiaandithasaveryimportantroleinsafeguardingstabilityandpromotingcommondevelopmentinSouthAsia.19.正是因為有了這種相互連通，21世紀(jì)的實力之爭已不再是一場零和博弈；一國成功無須以損害另一國的利益為代價。Andgiventhatinterconnection,powerinthe21stcenturyisnolongerazero-sumgame;onecountry'ssuccessneednotcomeattheexpenseofanother.20.奧巴馬加速重返亞太的戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整將對中國實施遠海戰(zhàn)略與拓展戰(zhàn)略縱深以及推行和諧周邊的外交戰(zhàn)略產(chǎn)生沖擊。Obama'sstrategicreadjustmentinreturningtotheAsia-PacificwillaffectChina'sbluewaterstrategy,theextensionofstrategicdepthandthepromotionoftheharmoniousperipheralenvironment.21.TheBrettonWoodssystemwasforgedby44countriesatatimethatpowerwasconcentratedinasmallnumberofstates.AftertheBrettonWoodssystemcollapsedin1971,tradeimbalancesceasedtobemuchofaconstraintonthedevelopedworld.“布雷頓森林體系”由44個國家共同制定，而其制定的時代背景是權(quán)力集中在少數(shù)國家手上。布雷頓森林體系在1971年垮臺后，貿(mào)易不平衡對于發(fā)達國家不再有多大的制約作用。22.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)：富蘭克林·德拉諾·羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)簽署通過了租借法案，該法案允許盟軍可以貸款購得美國制造的戰(zhàn)爭物資。WorldWarII:PresidentFranklinDelanoRooseveltsignstheLend-LeaseActintolaw,allowingAmerican-builtwarsuppliestobeshippedtotheAlliesonloan.23.沒錯，我們可以要求中國減少貿(mào)易順差——但是如果對抗中國是奧巴馬先生所建議的，他就應(yīng)該明確說出來。Yes,wecoulddemandthatChinashrinkitstradesurplus—but