時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)專升本課件

英語共有16種時(shí)態(tài)，其表現(xiàn)形式如下（以study為例）：一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在studystudiesamstudyingisstudyingarestudyinghavestudiedhasstudiedhavebeenstudyinghasbeenstudying過去studiedwasstudyingwerestudyinghadstudiedhadbeenstudying將來willstudyshallstudywillbestudyingshallbestudyingwillhave

studiedshallhavestudiedwillhavebeenstudyingshallhavebeenstudying過去將來wouldstudyshouldstudywouldbestudyingshouldbestudyingwouldhavestudiedshouldhavestudiedwouldhavebeenstudyingshouldhavebeenstudying第1頁/共20頁英語共有16種時(shí)態(tài)，其表現(xiàn)形式如下（以study為1返回一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用來表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)：表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often,always,fromtimetotime,everyday,sometimes等詞。例子：1.Heusuallygoestoworkat7o’clockeverymorning.2.ShehasabrotherwholivesinNewYork.3.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.4.GuangzhouissituatedinthesouthofChina.第2頁/共20頁返回一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第2頁/共20頁2考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境里，也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

IlearnedthattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonwhenIwasinprimaryschool.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替一般將來時(shí)。常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí)間：when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;條件：if,unless,providedIwillletherknowifshecomesback.考點(diǎn)三：在themore…themore…句型中，若主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theharderyoustudy,thebetterjobyouwillget.第3頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境里，也要用3二、一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說明過去。常跟明確的過去時(shí)間連用，如：yesterday,lastnight,in1984,atthetime/moment,once,duringthewar,before,afewdaysago,when…etc.考點(diǎn)一：usedtodo表示過去習(xí)慣做，但現(xiàn)在已不再做的事。區(qū)別：be/become/getusedtodoing表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣做某事。Heusedtosmokealot.Hehasgotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.Iamusedtohavingbreakfastnow.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替過去將來時(shí)。Hepromisedtobuymeacomputerifhegotaraise.Shewantedtogoshoppingifshehadmoney.第4頁/共20頁二、一般過去時(shí)第4頁/共20頁4三、一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和tomorrow,nextyear,in2020等表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用?？键c(diǎn)一：一般將來時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的主句中Wewillbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.（主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)）考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如：arrive,come,go,leave,start等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí)。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Iamcominghomesoon.考點(diǎn)三：祈使句+and/or+句子，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語用一般將來時(shí)。Studyhardandyouwillmakeitoneday!第5頁/共20頁三、一般將來時(shí)第5頁/共20頁5考點(diǎn)四：一般將來時(shí)的五種句型1.Willdo…2.Be(am,is,are)goingtodo…3.betodo…4.Beabouttodo…5.beonthepointofdoingIwasabouttosleepwhenshecalledme.TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.Itisonthepointofraining.第6頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)四：一般將來時(shí)的五種句型第6頁/共20頁6完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞：have結(jié)構(gòu)：have+動(dòng)詞（be動(dòng)詞）的過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have+done過去完成時(shí)：had+done將來完成時(shí)：willhave+done注意：1.完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；2.完成時(shí)與完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。第7頁/共20頁完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞：have第7頁/共20頁7四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，完成在過去，強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果和影響仍存在?？键c(diǎn)一：for+時(shí)間段；since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears./since1995.IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語:lately,recently,just,already,yet,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,thesedays,etc.Hasitstoppedrainingyet?Mygirlfriendhasbeenbackalready.考點(diǎn)三：表示“最近幾世紀(jì)、年、月以來…”時(shí)間狀語中，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days;overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies;throughcenturies;throughouthistory…etc.第8頁/共20頁四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)第8頁/共20頁8考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事”，或在“itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名詞+that”后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten.五、過去完成時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語。這種時(shí)態(tài)從來不孤立使用（before,after,by,uptill）。There

hadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwe

hadfinishedthebook.They

finishedearlierthan

we

hadexpected.第9頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事”，或在“itisthe9考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely…when;nosooner…than句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.

考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.Itwas3yearssincewehadbeenparted.考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,pan用過去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，打算和意圖。（表虛擬語氣）IhadhopedthatIcoulddothejob.IhadintendedtoseeyoubutIwastoobusy.第10頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely…when10六、將來完成時(shí)表示將來某時(shí)刻之前將會(huì)完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語非常明顯?？键c(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語一般用by+將來的時(shí)間。如：bytheendofthisyear,by8o’clockthisevening,byMarchnextyear以及由bythetime…,before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句Bytheendofnextmonth,hewillhavetraveled1000miles.Bythetimeyoureachthestation,thetrainwillhaveleft.BynextTuesday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexaminations.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，將來完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。Thechildrenwilldotheirhomeworkthemomenttheyhavearrivedbackfromschool.第11頁/共20頁六、將來完成時(shí)第11頁/共20頁11七、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)，或者表示感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語氣。與頻率副詞，如：always,constantly,continually,again等連用表示說話人的某種感情色彩（贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。WearehavingEnglishclass.Thehouseisbeingbuiltthesedays.考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語或條件狀語從句中表示將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Don’twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.考點(diǎn)二：表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。MarryisleavingonFriday.Iamcomingthisweekend.考點(diǎn)三：不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞P15第12頁/共20頁七、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)第12頁/共20頁12八、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamebackfromwork.Hewastakingawalkleisurelybythelakewhenheheardsomeoneshoutforthehelp.Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?Theradiowasbeingrepairedwhenyoucalledme.Iwassleepingwhenthethiefcameintomyhouse.第13頁/共20頁八、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)第13頁/共20頁13九、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)指動(dòng)作在完成時(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上還要繼續(xù)下去。Thecompanyhasbeenpromisingariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappened.十、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。I’llbedoingmyhomeworkthistimetomorrow.ThePresidentwillbemeetingtheforeigndelegationattheairport.第14頁/共20頁九、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)第14頁/共20頁14動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)受者，做題時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞不再有名詞或賓語。動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)，語氣和非謂語動(dòng)詞一起考，只是需要注意以下考點(diǎn)：考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組Cometrue,consistof,takeplace,happen,become,rise,occur,belong,breakout,appear,arrive,die,fall,last,exist,fail,succeed…etc.e.g.:Ittookplacebeforeliberation.第15頁/共20頁動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)第15頁/共20頁15考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義，而且常與well,quite,easily,badly等副詞連用。lock,wash,sell,read,wear,blame,ride,write…etc.Theproductssellswell.Thedoorlocks.考點(diǎn)三：一些常用的經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型Itissaid…,Itisreported…,Itiswidelybelieved…,Itisexpected…據(jù)說，人們認(rèn)為…第16頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義，而且常與well,16考點(diǎn)四：在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe,taste,smell等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加to。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)答題思路

先根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的區(qū)別確定考題要點(diǎn)的時(shí)態(tài)，然后回到題句中尋找給出的或暗示的時(shí)間狀語，縮小選擇范圍，進(jìn)而選出正確答案；根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞與句子主語或非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系，確定句子是主動(dòng)語態(tài)還是被動(dòng)語態(tài)。第17頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)四：在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及17Homework1.完成閱讀理解第一類型1，2兩篇文章P120、121及第二類型的閱讀1，2兩篇文章P140、141，共4篇。2.完成翻譯練習(xí)第一、二單元P151、152。3.復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)單詞、句型（教材上和補(bǔ)充的）。第18頁/共20頁Homework1.完成閱讀理解第一類型1，2兩篇文章P118EndoftheClass

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TobeConti19感謝您的觀看！第20頁/共20頁感謝您的觀看！第20頁/共20頁20

英語共有16種時(shí)態(tài)，其表現(xiàn)形式如下（以study為例）：一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在studystudiesamstudyingisstudyingarestudyinghavestudiedhasstudiedhavebeenstudyinghasbeenstudying過去studiedwasstudyingwerestudyinghadstudiedhadbeenstudying將來willstudyshallstudywillbestudyingshallbestudyingwillhave

studiedshallhavestudiedwillhavebeenstudyingshallhavebeenstudying過去將來wouldstudyshouldstudywouldbestudyingshouldbestudyingwouldhavestudiedshouldhavestudiedwouldhavebeenstudyingshouldhavebeenstudying第1頁/共20頁英語共有16種時(shí)態(tài)，其表現(xiàn)形式如下（以study為21返回一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用來表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)：表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often,always,fromtimetotime,everyday,sometimes等詞。例子：1.Heusuallygoestoworkat7o’clockeverymorning.2.ShehasabrotherwholivesinNewYork.3.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.4.GuangzhouissituatedinthesouthofChina.第2頁/共20頁返回一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第2頁/共20頁22考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境里，也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

IlearnedthattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonwhenIwasinprimaryschool.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替一般將來時(shí)。常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí)間：when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;條件：if,unless,providedIwillletherknowifshecomesback.考點(diǎn)三：在themore…themore…句型中，若主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theharderyoustudy,thebetterjobyouwillget.第3頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境里，也要用23二、一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說明過去。常跟明確的過去時(shí)間連用，如：yesterday,lastnight,in1984,atthetime/moment,once,duringthewar,before,afewdaysago,when…etc.考點(diǎn)一：usedtodo表示過去習(xí)慣做，但現(xiàn)在已不再做的事。區(qū)別：be/become/getusedtodoing表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣做某事。Heusedtosmokealot.Hehasgotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.Iamusedtohavingbreakfastnow.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替過去將來時(shí)。Hepromisedtobuymeacomputerifhegotaraise.Shewantedtogoshoppingifshehadmoney.第4頁/共20頁二、一般過去時(shí)第4頁/共20頁24三、一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和tomorrow,nextyear,in2020等表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用?？键c(diǎn)一：一般將來時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的主句中Wewillbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.（主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)）考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如：arrive,come,go,leave,start等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí)。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Iamcominghomesoon.考點(diǎn)三：祈使句+and/or+句子，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語用一般將來時(shí)。Studyhardandyouwillmakeitoneday!第5頁/共20頁三、一般將來時(shí)第5頁/共20頁25考點(diǎn)四：一般將來時(shí)的五種句型1.Willdo…2.Be(am,is,are)goingtodo…3.betodo…4.Beabouttodo…5.beonthepointofdoingIwasabouttosleepwhenshecalledme.TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.Itisonthepointofraining.第6頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)四：一般將來時(shí)的五種句型第6頁/共20頁26完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞：have結(jié)構(gòu)：have+動(dòng)詞（be動(dòng)詞）的過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have+done過去完成時(shí)：had+done將來完成時(shí)：willhave+done注意：1.完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；2.完成時(shí)與完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。第7頁/共20頁完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞：have第7頁/共20頁27四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，完成在過去，強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果和影響仍存在?？键c(diǎn)一：for+時(shí)間段；since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears./since1995.IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語:lately,recently,just,already,yet,uptonow,tillnow,sofar,thesedays,etc.Hasitstoppedrainingyet?Mygirlfriendhasbeenbackalready.考點(diǎn)三：表示“最近幾世紀(jì)、年、月以來…”時(shí)間狀語中，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days;overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies;throughcenturies;throughouthistory…etc.第8頁/共20頁四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)第8頁/共20頁28考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事”，或在“itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名詞+that”后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten.五、過去完成時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語。這種時(shí)態(tài)從來不孤立使用（before,after,by,uptill）。There

hadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwe

hadfinishedthebook.They

finishedearlierthan

we

hadexpected.第9頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事”，或在“itisthe29考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely…when;nosooner…than句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.

考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.Itwas3yearssincewehadbeenparted.考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,pan用過去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，打算和意圖。（表虛擬語氣）IhadhopedthatIcoulddothejob.IhadintendedtoseeyoubutIwastoobusy.第10頁/共20頁考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely…when30六、將來完成時(shí)表示將來某時(shí)刻之前將會(huì)完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語非常明顯。考點(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語一般用by+將來的時(shí)間。如：bytheendofthisyear,by8o’clockthisevening,byMarchnextyear以及由bythetime…,before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句Bytheendofnextmonth,hewillhavetraveled1000miles.Bythetimeyoureachthestation,thetrainwillhaveleft.BynextTuesday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexaminations.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，將來完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。Thechildrenwilldotheirhomeworkthemomenttheyhavearrivedbackfromschool.第11頁/共20頁六、將來完成時(shí)第11頁/共20頁31七、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)，或者表示感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語氣。與頻率副詞，如：always,constantly,continually,again等連用表示說話人的某種感情色彩（贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。WearehavingEnglishclass.Thehouseisbeingbuiltthesedays.考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語或條件狀語從句中表示將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Don’twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.考點(diǎn)二：表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。MarryisleavingonFriday.Iamcomingthisweekend.考點(diǎn)三：不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞P15第12頁/共20頁七、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)第12頁/共20頁32八、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamebackfromwork.Hewastakingawalkleisurelybythelakewhenheheardsomeoneshoutforthehelp.Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?Theradiowasbeingrepairedwhenyoucalledme.Iwassleepingwhenthethiefcameintomyhouse.第13頁/共20頁八、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)第13頁/共20頁33九、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)指動(dòng)作在完成時(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上還要繼續(xù)下去。Thecompanyhasbeenpromisingariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappened.十、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)