現(xiàn)在完成時講解與練習(xí)題(含答案)

..時態(tài)講解：現(xiàn)在完成時〔1構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞have+過去分詞構(gòu)成,助動詞have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has,其余用have.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式直接在助動詞后面加上not、疑問式是把助動詞提到主語之前。以study為例,其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：否定式疑問式Ihavenot<haven’t>studied….HaveIstudied…?Youhavenot<haven’t>studied….Haveyoustudied…?Hehasnot<hasn’t>studied….Hashestudied…?否定疑問式簡單回答〔肯定/否定HaveInot<Haven’tI>studied…?Yes,youhave.No,youhaven’t.Haveyounot<Haven’tyou>studied…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Hashenot<Hasn’the>studied…?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.〔2用法：1現(xiàn)在完成時通常表示在說話之前已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。說話人強調(diào)的是該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或影響。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女兒剛出去。I’msurewe’vemetbefore.我肯定我們以前見過面。Shehasarrived.她到了。2表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時間的狀語連用,如recently,already,just,lately,for…,since…,yet等。如：Ihaven’theardfromherthesedays.這些日子我沒有收到她的信。Wehaven’tseenyourecently.最近我們沒有見到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.★注意：1since和for的區(qū)別since后接時間點,如1993,lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgotthere。for后接一段時間,表示"長達(dá)多久",如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since和for填空1.JimhasbeeninIreland______Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland______threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia______15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere______7o'clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.6.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting______20minutes.7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty______manyyears.8.Mikehasbeenill______alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital______October.2表示短暫意義的動詞如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等,在完成時當(dāng)中不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用,因為它們表示的動作不可能持續(xù)。因此,不能說：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.×Theoldmanhasdiedfor4months.×Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.×以上三句話可以改為：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhas_____________for4months.Theyhave__________onlyfor5minutes.3have<has>been和have<has>gone的區(qū)別：表示"曾到過某地"要用"have<has>been";表示"已經(jīng)去某地"要用"have<has>gone"。試比較：Wherehashebeen?他剛才到哪里去了？〔已經(jīng)回來了Wherehashegone?他上哪兒去了？〔人不在TheyhavebeentoCanada.他們到過加拿大?！铂F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在加拿大TheyhavegonetoCanada.他們到加拿大去了?！部赡茉诼飞虾鸵呀?jīng)到加拿大.4現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用,如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein,但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等連用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已經(jīng)來了。Ihaven’treadityet.我還沒讀過這個。Ihavemethimbefore.我從前曾見過他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.馬紅一直是個好學(xué)生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我經(jīng)常在街上看見他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan’an.他們從未去過XX。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近來沒看到他。IrregularVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1.I____already____<see>thefilm.I________<see>itlastweek.2._____he____<finish>hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather____just____<come>backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where’sLiMing?He__________<go>totheteacher’soffice.5.I__________<work>heresinceI______<move>herein1999.6.SofarI_______________<make>quiteafewfriendshere.7.Howlong________theWangs______________<stay>here?Fortwoweeks.8.I________just___________<finish>myhomework.9.He________<go>toschoolonfooteveryday.10.____you______<find>yoursciencebookyet?11.Ifit____<be>finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.12.Thestudents____________<read>Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey__________<climb>thetree.14.Mymother__________<come>toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen._________you________<see>itanywhere?II.Choosethebestanswer.1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?A.come B.got C.arrived D.been2.Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2 B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2. D.myagewas6.3.Janehas_____toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.been B.gone C.went D.neverbeen4.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.A.after B.since C.for D.that5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.A.met B.havemet C.hadmet D.willmeet6.--Whatanicedress!Howlong_____you_____it?--Just2weeks.A.will,buy B.did,buy C.are,having D.have,had7.--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?--Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemade B.havebecome C.havebeen D.haveturned8.TheSmiths_______inChinafor8years.A.haslived B.lived C.havebeen D.live9.--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.He______theBainiaoParkA.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.wentto D.willgoto10.--____youever____totheUS?--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,been C,Do,go D.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.<改為否定句>

I__________________beentoMacaubefore.

2.Hehasn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.<就劃線部分提問>_____________hecometoschool?

3.Iboughanewbikejustnow.<用just改寫>

I____just____anewbike.

4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.<改為同義句>We________English____threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,______________?〔改成反意疑問句6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.<對劃線部分提問>______________havetheybeenhere?7.Theoldman_________lastyear.Hehas______________forayear.<die>〔動詞填空8.MissGaoleftanhourago.<同義句轉(zhuǎn)換>MissGaohas_______________________anhourago.Ⅳ.Askthequestions1>Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?2>Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?3>Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4>Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook?Ⅴ.Use"never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since"tofillintheblanks.1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4."Haveyou________seenthefilm?""No,Ihave________seenit."5."Hasthebusleft_______?""Yes,ithas_________left."現(xiàn)在完成時練習(xí)題及答案一、翻譯下列句子：1．你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯條嗎？2.我剛剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。3.我以前從來沒去過那個農(nóng)場。4.他已經(jīng)吃過午飯5.你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？6.我哥哥還沒回來。7.這本字典我已買了三年了。8.他離開中國三年了。9.我認(rèn)識他們五年了。10.他們已去了美國五年了。11.自從他搬到XX,他就住這兒了。12.我妹妹成為一個大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。13.自從1999年以來他們就認(rèn)識。14.我來到這個學(xué)校已3年多了。二、用since和for填空1.______twoyears2.____twoyearsago3.___lastmonth4.______19995._______yesterday6._______4o’clock74hours8._____anhourago9.___wewerechildren10._____lunchtime11.____shelefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.13.I’veknownhim______wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese______threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity______abouttenyears.16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.三、結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語。①arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp→beinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1>HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.2>ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3>Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor.4>Theycameherelastweek.They___________heresince_____________.②cometo/gobackto/returnto→bebacktogoout→beout1>Hecameouttwoyearsago.He______________for____________.2>WereturntoBeijingyesterday.We_______________toBeijingsince__________.③become→be1>Ibecameateacherin2000.I________________ateacherfor_________________.2>Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver______________dirtyfor_______________.④close→beclosedopen→beopen1>Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_____________________for_________________.2>Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beup；die→bedead；leavesp.→beawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep；finish/end→beover；marry→bemarried；1>Igotuptwohoursago.I_____________________since_______________.2>HeleftShanghaijustnow.He__________________________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.3>Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa__________________for_______________.4>Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.5>Igottosleeptwohoursago.I________________since__________________.6>Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth.；begin→beon1>Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.2>Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep；lose→nothave；buy→have；puton→wearcatch/getacold→haveacold；gettoknow→know1>Theyborroweditlastweek.They__________itsince_____________.2>Iboughtapentwohoursago.I____________apenfor_____________.3>Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________himsince___________.4>Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_________myglassesfor______________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy→bealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldier→beamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmy1>Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a_________________fortwoyears.He___________a_________the________fortwoyears.He_______________________theleaguefortwoyears.2>Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother_________a________for______________________.Mybrother___________in___________fortwoyears.四、劃線提問1>Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?2>Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?3>Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4>Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook五、用have<has>been或have<has>gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanIslandA:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIslandB:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各種形式填空。1>WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.2>David________theparkjustnow.3>John_______Englandsincehecameback.4>Howlong_____they_____thisvillage?5>TheSmiths______Beijingforyears.6>_____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.7>I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8>WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.9>When_____he_____?He_______anhourago.10>Wouldyouliketo_____tothezoowithme?---Yes,butI_____therebefore.11>Where_____you_____now?---I____tothezoo.12>Heoften_____swimming.13>_____you______therelastyear?14>_____theyoften______skatinginwinter?七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4."Haveyou________seenthefilm?""No,Ihave________seenit."5."Hasthebusleft_______?""Yes,ithas_________left."八.用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)填空：1.She’s_____________<live>hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem________________<be>inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem____________<come>toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour__________<pass>sincethetrain__________<leave>.5.Mary________<lose>herpen.________you_______<see>ithereandthere?6._________you_____<find>yourwatchyet?7.---Areyouthirsty?---NoI_________just_________<have>someorange.8.We----already_________<return>thebook.9.________they_______<build>anewschoolinthevillage?10.I_____________<notfinish>myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11.Myfather_____<read>thenoveltwice.12.I_________<buy>abookjustnow.13.I_________<lost>mywatchyesterday.14.Myfather___________<read>thisbooksinceyesterday.答案一．翻譯下列句子：1.Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.5.Haveyouseenthemovieyet?6.Mybrotherhasn’tcome/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasn’treturnedyet.7.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.9.Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.10.TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.11.HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12.Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.13.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14.Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthreeyears.二、用since或者for填空1.for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since9.since10.since11.since12.since13.since14.for15.for16.since三、結(jié)束性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語①1.hasbeenin,fiveminutes2.havebeenin,20083.havebeenat,twodays4.havebeen,lastweek②1.havebeenout,twoyears2.havebeenback,yesterday③1.havebeen,nineyears2.hasbeen,twoyears④1.hasbeenclosed,twohours2.hasbeenopen⑤1.havebeenup,twohoursago2.hasbeenawayfrom3.hasbeendead,sevenyears4.hasbeenover5.havebeenasleep,twohoursago6.havebeenmarried,