經(jīng)濟(jì)類單詞十

經(jīng)濟(jì)類單詞十常見經(jīng)濟(jì)類詞匯ZTeconomist經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家socialisteconomy社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)caitalisteconomy資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)collectiveeconomy集體經(jīng)濟(jì)lannedeconomy計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)controlledeconomy管制經(jīng)濟(jì)ruraleconomics農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)liberaleconomy自由經(jīng)濟(jì)mixedeconomy混合經(jīng)濟(jì)oliticaleconomy政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)rotectionism保護(hù)主義autarchy閉關(guān)自守rimarysector初級(jí)成分rivatesector私營(yíng)成分,私營(yíng)部門ublicsector公共部門,公共成分economicchannels經(jīng)濟(jì)渠道economicbalance經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡economicfluctuation經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng)economicderession經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退economicstability經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定economicolicy經(jīng)濟(jì)政策economicrecovery經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)原understanding約定concentration集中holdingcomany控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特爾rateofgrowth增長(zhǎng)economictrend經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢(shì)economicsituation經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)infrastructure基本建設(shè)standardofliving生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn),生活水平urchasingower,buyingower購(gòu)買力scarcity短缺stagnation停滯,蕭條,不景氣underdeveloment不發(fā)達(dá)underdeveloed不發(fā)達(dá)的develoing發(fā)展中的initialcaital創(chuàng)辦資本frozencaital凍結(jié)資金frozenassets凍結(jié)資產(chǎn)fixedassets固定資產(chǎn)realestate不動(dòng)產(chǎn),房地產(chǎn)circulatingcaital,workingcaital流動(dòng)資本availablecaital可用資產(chǎn)caitalgoods資本貨物reserve準(zhǔn)備金,儲(chǔ)備金callinguofcaital催繳資本allocationoffunds資金分配contributionoffunds資金捐獻(xiàn)workingcaitalfund周轉(zhuǎn)基金revolvingfund循環(huán)基金,周轉(zhuǎn)性基金contingencyfund意外開支,準(zhǔn)備金reservefund準(zhǔn)備金bufferfund緩沖基金,平準(zhǔn)基金sinkingfund償債基金investment投資,資產(chǎn)investor投資人self-financing自籌經(jīng)費(fèi),經(jīng)費(fèi)自給bank銀行currentaccount經(jīng)常帳戶(美作:checkingaccount)current-accountholder支票帳戶(美作:checking-accountholder)cheque支票(美作:check)bearercheque,chequeayabletobearer無(wú)記名支票,來人支票crossedcheque劃線支票traveller'scheque旅行支票chequebook支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook)endorsement背書transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓,轉(zhuǎn)帳,過戶money貨幣issue發(fā)行readymoney現(xiàn)錢cash現(xiàn)金readymoneybusiness,nocreditgiven現(xiàn)金,概不賒欠change零錢banknote,note鈔票,紙幣(美作:bill)toay(in)cash付現(xiàn)金domesticcurrency,localcurrency]本國(guó)貨幣convertibility可兌換性convertiblecurrencies可自由兌換貨幣exchangerate匯率,兌換率foreignexchange外匯floatingexchangerate浮動(dòng)匯率freeexchangerates自由匯兌市場(chǎng)foreignexchangecertificate外匯兌換券hardcurrency硬通貨seculation投機(jī)saving儲(chǔ)裝,存款dereciation減價(jià),貶值devaluation(貨幣)貶值revaluation重估價(jià)runawayinflation無(wú)法控制的通貨膨脹deflation通貨緊縮caitalflight資本外逃securitiesbusiness證券市場(chǎng)stockexchange股票市場(chǎng)stockexchangecororation證券所stockexchange證券所,股票所quotation,牌價(jià)share股份,股票shareholder,stockholder股票持有人,股東dividend股息,紅利cashdividend現(xiàn)金配股stockinvestment股票投資investmenttrust投資信托stock-jobber股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人stockcomany,stockbrokeragefirm證券公司securities有價(jià)證券share,commonstock普通股referencestock優(yōu)先股incomegain股利收入issue發(fā)行股票arvalue股面,票面bull買手,多頭bear賣手,空頭assigned過戶oeningrice開盤closingrice收盤hardtimes低潮businessrecession景氣衰退doldrums景氣停滯dull盤整ease松弛raisinglimit漲停板break暴跌bond,debenture債券WallStreet華爾街shorttermloan短期貸款longtermloan長(zhǎng)期貸款mediumtermloan中期貸款lender債權(quán)人creditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人,借方borrower借方,借款人borrowing借款interest利息rateofinterest利率discount貼現(xiàn),扣rediscount再貼現(xiàn)annuity年金maturity到期日,償還日amortization攤銷,攤還,分期償付redemtion償還insurance保險(xiǎn)mortgage抵押allotment撥款shorttermcredit短期信貸consolidateddebt合并債務(wù)fundeddebt固定債務(wù),長(zhǎng)期債務(wù)floatingdebt流動(dòng)債務(wù)drawing提款,提存aid援助allowance,grant,subsidy補(bǔ)貼,補(bǔ)助金,津貼cost成本,費(fèi)用exenditure,outgoings開支,支出fixedcosts固定成本overheadcosts營(yíng)業(yè)間接成本overheads雜項(xiàng)開支,間接成本oeratingcosts生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用,營(yíng)業(yè)成本oeratingexenses營(yíng)業(yè)費(fèi)用runningexenses日常費(fèi)用,經(jīng)營(yíng)費(fèi)用miscellaneouscosts雜項(xiàng)費(fèi)用overheadexenses間接費(fèi)用,管理費(fèi)用ukeecosts,maintenancecosts維修費(fèi)用,養(yǎng)護(hù)費(fèi)用transortcosts運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用socialcharges社會(huì)負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用contingentexenses,contingencies或有費(fèi)用aortionmentofexenses分?jǐn)傎M(fèi)用income收入,收益earnings利潤(rùn),收益grossincome,grossearnings總收入,總收益grossrofit,grossbenefit毛利,總利潤(rùn),利益毛額netincome純收益,凈收入,收益凈額averageincome平均收入nationalincome國(guó)民收入rofitability,rofitearningcaacity利潤(rùn)率,贏利率yield產(chǎn)量收益,收益率increaseinvalue,areciation增值,升值duty稅taxationsystem稅制taxation征稅,納稅fiscalcharges財(cái)務(wù)稅收rogressivetaxation累進(jìn)稅制graduatedtax累進(jìn)稅valueaddedtax增值稅incometax所得稅landtax地租,地價(jià)稅excisetax特許權(quán)稅basisofassessment估稅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)taxableincome須納稅的收入fiscality檢查tax-free免稅的taxexemtion免稅taxayer納稅人taxcollector收稅員國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值GN(GrossNationalroduct)人均國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值ercaitaGN產(chǎn)值oututvalue鼓勵(lì)giveincentiveto投入inut宏觀控制exercisemacro-control優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)otimizetheeconomicstructure輸入活力bringvigorinto改善經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境imroveeconomicenvironment整頓經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序rectifyeconomicorder有效地控制通貨膨脹effectivelycontrolinflation非公有成分non-ublicsectors主要成分dominantsector實(shí)在的tangible全體會(huì)議lenarysession解放生產(chǎn)力liberate/unshackle/releasetheroductiveforces引入歧途leadonetoablindalley舉措move實(shí)事求是seektruthfromfacts引進(jìn)、輸入imortation和平演變eacefulevolution試一下haveago(atsth.)精華、精粹、實(shí)質(zhì)quintessence家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責(zé)任承包制family-contractresonsibilitysystem搞活企業(yè)invigorateenterrises商品經(jīng)濟(jì)commodityeconomy基石cornerstone零售retail發(fā)電量electricenergyroduction有色金屬nonferrousmetals人均收入ercaitaincome使負(fù)擔(dān)besaddledwith營(yíng)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的公司goingconcerns被兼并或擠掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness善于接受的recetive增額、增值、增長(zhǎng)increment發(fā)展過快excessivegrowth抽樣調(diào)查datafromthesamlesurvey扣除物價(jià)上漲部分riceincreasearededucted(excluded)實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)率actualgrowthrate國(guó)際收支internationalbalanceofayments流通制度circulationsystem總工資totalwages分配形式formsofdistribution風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資金riskfunds管理不善oormanagement農(nóng)業(yè)farming林業(yè)forestry畜牧業(yè)animalhusbandry副業(yè)sidelineroduction漁業(yè)fishing第一產(chǎn)業(yè)rimaryindustry第二產(chǎn)業(yè)secondaryindustry第三產(chǎn)業(yè)tertiaryindustry生產(chǎn)資料meansofroduction生活資料meansoflivelihood/subsistence生產(chǎn)關(guān)系relationsofroduction生產(chǎn)力roductiveforces公有制ublicownershi私有制rivateownershi全民所有制ownershibytheentire/wholeeole社會(huì)主義集體所有制socialistcollectiveownershi厲行節(jié)約反對(duì)浪費(fèi)toracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste外資企業(yè)foreign-fundedenterrise合資企業(yè)jointventure合作企業(yè)cooerativeenterrise獨(dú)資企業(yè)whollyforeignowned/fundedenterrise一個(gè)中心、兩個(gè)基本點(diǎn)onecentraltaskandtwobasicoints以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則（1）社會(huì)主義道（2）黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（3）人民民主專政（4）馬列主義毛澤東思想、堅(jiān)持改革開放thecentraltaskreferstoeconomicconstructionandtwobasicointsarethefourcardinalrinciles-adherencetothesocialistroad,toCommunistartyleadershi,totheeole'sdemocraticdictatorshiandtoMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought-andersistinginreformandoening.改革是“社會(huì)主義制度的自我完善和自我發(fā)展”。Reformis"theself-erfectionandself-develomentofthesocialistsystem."我們辨別的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是看這樣做是否有利于發(fā)展社會(huì)主義的生產(chǎn)力是否有利于增強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義國(guó)家的綜合國(guó)力是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。Thecriterionforourjudgementiswhetherthemovefacilitatesthedevelomentofsocialistroductiveforces,whetherithelsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountry,andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards.社會(huì)主義的最終目標(biāo)是解放生產(chǎn)力消滅剝削消除貧富兩極分化最終達(dá)到共同富裕。Themaingoalsofsocialismaretheliberationanddevelomentofroductiveforces,theeliminationofexloitationandolarizationbetweentherichandtheoorandthefinalachievementofcommonroserity.要人們警惕右和“左”的影響特別是“左”的根深蒂固的影響。towarneoleoftheinfluenceofboththeRightandthe"Left"deviations,articularlyofthedee-rooted"Left"influence.中國(guó)要警惕右但更要防“左”。ChinaneedstobevigilantagainsttheRightdeviation,butrimarily,itshouldguardagainstthe"Left"deviation.資本主義和社會(huì)主義并不是以計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場(chǎng)的多少來劃分的。Socialismandcaitalismarenotdistinguishedbytheroortionoflannedandmarketeconomy.隨著改革的深化國(guó)家指令性計(jì)劃的范圍將會(huì)縮小而市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)的范圍將會(huì)擴(kuò)大。Asthereformfurtherdevelos,thescoeformandatorystatelanswillbenarrowed,whilethescoeformarketforceswillbeenlarged.初步建立社會(huì)主義計(jì)劃商品經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制。toestablishatareliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistlannedcommodityeconomy.各盡所能按勞/需分配。fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohiswork/needs.經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革。reformineconomicstructure剩余勞動(dòng)力。surluslabor經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制oerativemechanism發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)的調(diào)節(jié)作用togivelaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket經(jīng)濟(jì)和法律的杠桿economicandlegalleverages經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃和市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合tocombineeconomiclanningwithmarketregulation計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)和市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)相結(jié)合的機(jī)制amechanismthatcombineslannedeconomyandmarketregulation取消國(guó)家對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的統(tǒng)購(gòu)統(tǒng)銷tocancelthestate'smonoolyontheurchaseandmarketingofagriculturalroducts改革重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到城市thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities國(guó)家的根本任務(wù)是集中力量進(jìn)行社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、國(guó)防和科學(xué)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)代化把我國(guó)建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)、民主、文明的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家。tomodernizethecountry'sindustry,agriculture,nationaldefenceandscienceandtechnologystebystetoturnChinaintoastrongandroseroussocialistcountrywithahighlevelofcultureanddemocracy.社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的基礎(chǔ)是生產(chǎn)資料的社會(huì)主義公有制即全民所有制和勞動(dòng)群眾集體所有制。Thebasisofthesocialisteconomicsystemissocialistublicownershiofthemeansofroduction,namely,ownershibythewholeeoleandcollectiveownershibytheworkingeole.國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)即社會(huì)主義全民所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的主導(dǎo)力量。Thestateeconomyisthesectorofsocialisteconomyunderownershibythewholeeole;itistheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.國(guó)家保障國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)的鞏固和發(fā)展。Thestateensurestheconsolidationandgrowthofthestateeconomy.ChinaCouncilfortheromotionofInternationalTrade,C.C..I.T.中國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)NationalCouncilforUS-ChinaTrade美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)理事會(huì)Jaan-ChinaEconomicAssociation日中經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會(huì)AssociationfortheromotionofInternationalTrade,Jaan國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)會(huì)BritishCouncilfortheromotionofInternationalTrade英國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)InternationalChamberofCommerce國(guó)際商會(huì)InternationalUnionofMarineInsurance國(guó)際海洋運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)協(xié)會(huì)InternationalAluminaAssociation國(guó)際鋁礬土協(xié)會(huì)UniversalostalUnion,UU萬(wàn)國(guó)郵政聯(lián)盟CustomsCo-oerationCouncil,CCC關(guān)稅合作理事會(huì)UnitedNationsTradeandDevelomentBoard聯(lián)合國(guó)貿(mào)易與發(fā)展理事會(huì)OrganizationforEconomiccooerationandDeveloment,DECD經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與開發(fā)組織EuroeanEconomicCommunity,EEC,EuroeanCommonMarket歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體EuroeanFreeTradeAssociation,EFTA歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟EuroeanFreeTradeArea,EFTA歐洲自由貿(mào)易區(qū)CouncilforMutualEconomicAid,CMEA經(jīng)濟(jì)互助委員會(huì)Eurogrou歐洲集團(tuán)GrouofTen十國(guó)集團(tuán)CommitteeofTwenty(arisClub)二十國(guó)委員會(huì)CoordinatingCommittee,COCOM巴黎統(tǒng)籌委員會(huì)CaribbeanCommonMarket,CCM,CaribbeanFree-TradeAssociation,CARIFTA加勒比共同市場(chǎng)（加勒比自由貿(mào)易同盟）AndeansCommonMarket,ACM,AndeansTreatyOrganization,ATO安第斯共同市場(chǎng)LatinAmericanFreeTradeAssociation,LAFTA拉丁美洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟CentralAmericanCommonMarket,CACM中美洲共同市場(chǎng)AfricanandMalagasyCommonOrganization,OCAM非洲與馬爾加什共同組織EastAfricanCommonMarket,EACM東非共同市場(chǎng)CentralAfricanCustomsandEconomicUnion,CEUCA中非關(guān)稅經(jīng)濟(jì)同盟WestAfricanEconomicCommunity,WAEC西非經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體OrganizationoftheetroleumExortingCountries,OEC石油輸出國(guó)組織OrganizationofArabetroleumExortingCountries,OAEC阿拉伯石油輸出國(guó)組織CommonwealthreferenceArea英聯(lián)邦區(qū)CentreNationalduCommerceExterieur,NationalCenterofExternalTrade法國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易中心eole'sBankofChina中國(guó)人民銀行BankofChina中國(guó)銀行InternationalBankforReconstructionanddeveloment,IBRD國(guó)際復(fù)興開發(fā)銀行WorldBank世界銀行InternationalDevelomentassociation,IDA國(guó)際開發(fā)協(xié)會(huì)InternationalMonetaryFoundAgreement國(guó)際貨幣基金協(xié)定InternationalMonetaryFound,IMF國(guó)際貨幣基金組織EuroeanEconomicandMonetaryUnion歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)與貨幣同盟EuroeanMonetaryCooerationFund歐洲貨幣合作基金B(yǎng)ankforInternationalSettlements,BIS國(guó)際結(jié)算銀行AfricanDevelo