天然氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫新工藝的中國(guó)氣體分離設(shè)備商務(wù)網(wǎng)

天然氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫新工藝

的研究學(xué)生汪叢偉導(dǎo)師王樹東研究員Friday,January6,2023內(nèi)容綱要天然氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫的意義及優(yōu)勢(shì)天然氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫的新工藝總結(jié)與展望研究背景分散站制氫規(guī)模集中制氫ON-BOARDFUELPROCESSINGGO/NO-GODECISIONDOEDECISIONTEAMCOMMITTEEREPORT,August2004車載制氫設(shè)備投資大氫氣儲(chǔ)運(yùn)、分配困難啟動(dòng)時(shí)間(10min)啟動(dòng)能量(7MJ/50kw）天然氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫優(yōu)勢(shì)原燃料比較充足（天然氣水合物）天然氣清潔,能量密度大供給方便(完善的輸運(yùn)管道)制氫成本低，是目前最廉價(jià)的制氫方式之一天然氣水蒸汽轉(zhuǎn)化CO高溫變換CO低溫變換CO甲烷化CO2脫除H2分離天然氣水蒸汽重整制氫（大規(guī)模）US$3.66~5/kgH2天然氣水蒸汽重整制氫(小規(guī)模)US$12

/kgH2目前天然氣水蒸汽規(guī)模制氫與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫的成本比較高成本高成本現(xiàn)有天然氣水蒸汽重整工藝用于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫是極其昂貴的，開發(fā)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫新工藝與新技術(shù)已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急?。。≈攸c(diǎn)：1.產(chǎn)氫,純化一體化,技術(shù)集成,縮短工藝流程;2.裝置投資小,生產(chǎn)成本低;天然氣水蒸汽重整CH4+H2O=CO+3H2，△H298K=206kJ/molCH4+2H2O=CO2+3H2，△H298K=165kJ/molCH4+2O2=CO2+2H2O，△H298K=-804kJ/mol天然氣自熱重整CH4+0.5O2=CO+2H2，△H298K=-36kJ/molCH4+H2O=CO+3H2，△H298K=206kJ/molCH4+2H2O=CO2+3H2，△H298K=165kJ/mol天然氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫的技術(shù)路線產(chǎn)氫純度高，分離相對(duì)易，但能效相對(duì)不高能量效率高，但分離能耗相對(duì)較大天然氣現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫新工藝集成換熱式(反應(yīng)耦合）循環(huán)利用熱流：壁式反應(yīng)器，兩段式反應(yīng)器，多層套筒式反應(yīng)器降低傳熱傳質(zhì)阻力：板式反應(yīng)器，微通道反應(yīng)器凈化純化式制備高純度H2

：膜反應(yīng)器降低CO排放：雙層催化劑無(wú)CO反應(yīng)器

壁式反應(yīng)器TheophilosIoannides,XenophonE.Verykios,Developmentofanovelheat-integratedwallreactorforthepartialoxidationofmethanetosynthesisgas,CatalysisToday46(1998)71-81UniversityofPatras,Greece反應(yīng)器由陶瓷管組成，陶瓷管內(nèi)表面沉積燃燒催化劑層，外表面沉積重整催化劑層原料從里面的管子進(jìn)入后被外層的出口氣體預(yù)熱，在反應(yīng)區(qū)發(fā)生反應(yīng)，放出的熱量通過(guò)管壁傳到外層，在那里發(fā)生吸熱的重整反應(yīng)。循環(huán)利用熱流Ⅰ

兩段式重整反應(yīng)器FraunhoferInstitute

，Germany甲烷和水作為冷料通入換熱器中與燃燒尾氣換熱，被加熱至450－600℃進(jìn)入一次重整器中進(jìn)行重整反應(yīng)（熱量來(lái)自燃燒尾氣的對(duì)流換熱）進(jìn)入二次重整，熱量來(lái)自陶瓷燃燒器的直接熱輻射Vogel,B.,G.Schaumberg,A.Schuler,1998,.HydrogenGenerationTechnologiesforPEMFuelCells,.1998FuelCellSeminarAbstracts,November16-19,1998,PalmSprings,CA,pp.364-367.循環(huán)利用熱流Ⅱ

多層套筒式式重整反應(yīng)應(yīng)器Anovelsteamreformingreactorforfuelcelldistributedpowergeneration,CaliforniaEnergyCommission,May2000存在問(wèn)題：：傳熱阻力力較大系統(tǒng)較龐大大循環(huán)利用熱熱流Ⅲ板式反應(yīng)器器催化劑層＆＆板的厚度度很薄,大大提高高了反應(yīng)器器的結(jié)構(gòu)緊緊湊性,降低了傳熱熱與傳質(zhì)阻阻力板式反應(yīng)器器的效率比比傳統(tǒng)水蒸蒸汽重整器器高一個(gè)數(shù)數(shù)量級(jí)，而而體積和催催化劑重量量低2個(gè)數(shù)數(shù)量級(jí)板式反應(yīng)器器的換熱效效率提高。。壁面和氣氣相截面溫溫度分布更更均勻M.Zanir,A.Gavriilidis,Catalyticcombustionassistedmethanesteamreforminginacatalyticplatereactor,ChemicalEngineeringScience58(2003)3947–3960存在問(wèn)題：：催化劑涂涂覆困難降低傳熱傳傳質(zhì)阻力ⅠⅠ微通道反應(yīng)應(yīng)器PictureofaVelocy’smanufacturingscale-upmicrochannelreactor(PacificNorthwestNationalLaboratory)微通道可把把傳熱傳質(zhì)質(zhì)速率提高高1～2個(gè)個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)由于過(guò)程強(qiáng)強(qiáng)化降低了了操作成本本均勻布氧，，先部分氧氧化后完全全燃燒為原原料預(yù)熱和和重整供熱熱A.Y.Tonkovicha,S.Perrya,W.A.Rogers,Microchannelprocesstechnologyforcompactmethanesteamreforming,ChemicalEngineeringScience59(2004)4819–4824存在問(wèn)題：：反應(yīng)器加工工成本高通道阻力降降大降低傳熱傳傳質(zhì)阻力ⅡⅡ集成化膜反反應(yīng)器Yu-MingLin,Min-HonRei,ProcessdevelopmentforgeneratinghighpurityhydrogenbyusingsupportedpalladiummembranereactorassteamReformer,InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy25(2000)211±219CH4存在問(wèn)題：：鈀膜具有有氫脆現(xiàn)象象，如何增增強(qiáng)穩(wěn)定性性？?jī)艋兓绞舰駜蓪哟呋瘎﹦o(wú)CO水水蒸氣制氫氫反應(yīng)器VladimirGalvitaa,KaiSundmacher,Hydrogenproductionfrommethanebysteamreforminginaperiodicallyoperatedtwo-layercatalyticreactor,AppliedCatalysisA:General289(2005)121–127MaxPlanckInstituteforDynamicsofComplexTechnicalSystems,Magdeburg,GermanyStep1:ReductionPt-CeO2-ZrO2Fe3O4-CeO2-ZrO2CH4CO+H2H2O+CO2H2H2OH2O+H2Pt-Ce2O3-ZrO2Fe-Ce2O3-ZrO2Step2:Re-oxidation存在問(wèn)題：：催化劑表表面沉積碳碳，實(shí)際應(yīng)應(yīng)用?凈化純化式式Ⅱ總結(jié)與展望望將重整制氫氫,供熱,純純化一體化化,實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程強(qiáng)化、、系統(tǒng)高度集成是是降低制氫氫成本的出出路集成換熱式式(熱量耦耦合）凈化純化式式（降低成成本）現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫新新工藝要真真正走向?qū)崒?shí)際應(yīng)用，，還需切實(shí)實(shí)解決自身身的關(guān)鍵技技術(shù)，揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)避短謝謝大家!參考文獻(xiàn)1.ON-BOARDFUELPROCESSINGGO/NO-GODECISION,DOEDECISIONTEAMCOMMITTEEREPORT,August20042.TheophilosI,XenophonE.Verykios,Developmentofanovelheat-integratedwallreactorforthepartialoxidationofmethanetosynthesisgas,CatalysisToday46(1998)71-813.M.Zanir,A.Gavriilidis,Catalyticcombustionassistedmethanesteamreforminginacatalyticplatereactor,ChemicalEngineeringScience58(2003)3947––39604.Vogel,B.,G.Schaumberg,A.Schuler,andA.Henizel,1998,.HydrogenGenerationTechnologiesforPEMFuelCells,.1998FuelCellSeminarAbstracts,November16-19,1998,PalmSprings,CA,pp.364-367.5.A.Y.Tonkovicha,S.Perrya,W.A.Rogersa,Microchannelprocesstechnologyforcompactmethanesteamreforming,ChemicalEngineeringScience59(2004)4819––48246.VladimirG,KaiS,Hydrogenproductionfrommethanebysteamreforminginaperiodicallyoperatedtwo-layercatalyticreactor,AppliedCatalysisA:General289(2005)121–1277.Anovelsteamreformingreactorforfuelcelldistributedpowergeneration,CaliforniaEnergyCommission,May2000參考文獻(xiàn)(續(xù))8.YuML,MinHR,ProcessdevelopmentforgeneratinghighpurityhydrogenbyusingsupportedpalladiummembranereactorassteamReformer,InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy25(2000)211-2199.SLin,YChen,CLee,Dynamicmodelingandcontrolstructuredesignofanexperimentalfuelprocessor,InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy(inpress)10.SheldonLee,,DanielV.A,ShabbirA,Hydrogenfromnaturalgas:partI—autothermalreforminginanintegratedfuelprocessor,InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy30(2005)829––84211.A.Siddle,K.D.Pointon,R.W.JuddandS.L.Jones,FUELPROCESSINGFORFUELCELLS––ASTATUSREVIEWANDASSESSMENTOFPROSPECTS現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制氫的的市場(chǎng)需求求分析加氫站分散電站其他工業(yè)半導(dǎo)體，電電子行業(yè)高高純氫軍事電源：：戰(zhàn)地指揮揮、潛水艇艇應(yīng)急電源：：要害部門門如銀行、、醫(yī)院、證證券交易所所9、靜夜四四無(wú)鄰，，荒居舊舊業(yè)貧。。。12月-2212月-22Thursday,December29,202210、雨中黃葉葉樹，燈下下白頭人。。。12:17:2612:17:2612:1712/29/202212:17:26PM11、以我獨(dú)沈沈久，愧君君相見頻。。。12月-2212:17:2612:17Dec-2229-Dec-2212、故人江海別別，幾度隔山山川。。12:17:2612:17:2612:17Thursday,December29,202213、乍見翻疑疑夢(mèng)，相悲悲各問(wèn)年。。。12月-2212月-2212:17:2612:17:26December29,202214、他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)發(fā)，舊國(guó)見青青山。。29十二月月202212:17:26下午午12:17:2612月-2215、比不了了得就不不比，得得不到的的就不要要。。。十二月2212:17下下午12月-2212:17December29,202216、行動(dòng)出成成果，工作作出財(cái)富。。。2022/12/2912:17:2612:17:2629December202217、做前，能夠夠環(huán)視四周；；做時(shí)，你只只能或者最好好沿著以腳為為起點(diǎn)的射線線向前。。12:17:26下午午12:17下下午12:17:2612月-229、沒(méi)有失失敗，只只有暫時(shí)時(shí)停止成成功！。。12月-2212月-22Thursday,December29,202210、很多事情努努力了未必有有結(jié)果，但是是不努力卻什什么改變也沒(méi)沒(méi)有。。12:17:2612:17:2612:1712/29/202212:17:26PM11、成成功功就就是是日日復(fù)復(fù)一一日日那那一一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小小小小努努力力的的積積累累。。。。12月月-2212:17:2612:17Dec-2229-Dec-2212、世間間成事事，不不求其其絕對(duì)對(duì)圓滿滿，留留一份份不足足，可可得無(wú)無(wú)限完完美。。。12:17:2612:17:2612:17Thursday,December29,202213、不知香積積寺，數(shù)里里入云峰。。。12月-2212月-2212:17:2612:17:26December29,202214、意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)強(qiáng)的人能把把世界放在在手中像泥泥塊一樣任任意揉捏。。29十二二月202212:17:26下下午12:17:2612月-2215、楚塞塞三湘湘接，，荊門門九派派通。。。。十二月月2212:17下下午12月月-2212:17December29,202216、少年十五五二十時(shí)，，步行奪得得胡馬騎。。。2022/12/2912:17:2612:17:2629December202217、空山新雨雨后，天氣氣晚來(lái)秋。。。12:17:26下下午12:17下午12:17:2612月-229、楊柳散和風(fēng)風(fēng)，青山澹吾吾慮。。12月-2212月-22Thursday,December29,202210、閱讀讀一切切好書書如同同和過(guò)過(guò)去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