高考英語短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)考策略

6/6高考英語短文改錯(cuò)備考策略高考短文改錯(cuò)題目考查方向：《一》語法方面主要測(cè)試動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，主謂一致，非謂語動(dòng)詞，短語動(dòng)詞；名詞，代詞的各種形式，形容詞和副詞以及比較等級(jí)的用法；連詞、冠詞、介詞，固定搭配；簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句，以及倒裝、省略句等?！抖沸形倪壿嫹矫嬷饕疾槿宋锏男詣e及相應(yīng)的指代代詞或物的數(shù)量及相應(yīng)的指代代詞的一致，句子的并列、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等的相應(yīng)關(guān)聯(lián)詞；時(shí)間的先后順序等解題方法點(diǎn)撥1.通讀短文明確中心主題，整體把握時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件和行文邏輯2.看標(biāo)點(diǎn)確定句子頭尾，明確句子特點(diǎn)（簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句、特別句式）;抓關(guān)鍵謂語動(dòng)詞看主語明確主謂關(guān)系，確保主謂人稱、語態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)一致。3.劃分意群，明確成分，化整為零，各個(gè)擊破。4.了解考點(diǎn)，依據(jù)原則，運(yùn)用知識(shí)，分析解決。6.通覽檢查，糾錯(cuò)補(bǔ)漏，確定結(jié)果短文改錯(cuò)是一個(gè)綜合性很強(qiáng)的題型，既考查基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，又考查綜合技能。要做好題目，必須做到：平時(shí)多閱讀，多練習(xí)，熟悉英文的謀篇布局和行文邏輯，形成語感。牢記英語句子的三個(gè)一致的原則：即主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致、指代一致。熟悉同根的動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞等的用法區(qū)別，檢查出詞類誤用的情況。注意冠詞、介詞、連詞、物主代詞、不定式符號(hào)等的遺漏或誤用。在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上查錯(cuò)，同時(shí)留心行尾和行首的漏詞、多詞和錯(cuò)用詞情況?？键c(diǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)策略歸納：1.抓主語，看謂語，主謂關(guān)系要統(tǒng)一（語態(tài)、一致和時(shí)態(tài)，語氣,形式需考慮）1）AnEnglishladywasfinallydecidedthatshereallyshouldlearntodrive.2）Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.3）Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.4)Ofcourse,whenmymotherwasasked,“Haveyou…”5)Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.6)CharlesandLindawereseeingnearthetopofthebuilding.2.名詞性質(zhì)要關(guān)注，可數(shù)與否須清楚。名詞具有受限性，限制(特指、確指和泛指）、修飾要重視。1)KatecovereditwithalotofChristmaslight2)…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.3)Goodhealthisperson’smostvaluablepossession.4)Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.5)Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.6)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.7)Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.8)Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.3代詞出現(xiàn)不起眼，指代不明生疑點(diǎn)，驗(yàn)名正身別怕煩，確保一致心里安。1)Ijustsmiledtomeandthought,“WhatcanIdo?”2)Finally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves.3)Ireadyoure-mailtomyparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome.4)IlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthatithelpedme.5)Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.4.英漢詞性易混亂，形、副、名、介較常見，成分關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵。形作定表，副作狀，名詞功能莫要忘。1).Hecamebacklatelylastnight.2).Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.3).Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework.4).Charlessaid,“AssoonasIseearealtallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.5).Hepracticedhardandpastthedriving-test.6).I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytime.7).Unfortunate，therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.8).Thebeautifulofthelakeattractsusalot.5.連接詞語需檢驗(yàn)，邏輯關(guān)系前后辨。1).Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo.2).ItoldMother,Father,Sister,allmyfriendsherewhatagreattimeIhad.3).ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.4).Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.5).ThemarketatthecornerofFriendshipStreetandXinhuaRoadhasgivenwaytoasupermarket.Besides,thebookstorenexttoourmiddleschoolisstillthere.6).Itstartedtorisehigheragain.Soitwasstilltooclosetothewater.7).I’dliketostaythereforhalfamonth,visitingplacesofinterestorpracticingmyEnglishaswell.6.介詞多少也要看，搭配錯(cuò)誤較常見。1).Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.2).Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood.3).AtChristmasEve,JimwentwithhisfathertochooseaChristmastree.4).Afterfiveyearsawayinmyhometown,Ifindthat…5)AsyouareverypopularlywithusChinesehighschoolstudents,we’dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition.6).…..sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren.7).…sothatwecanhelpeachotheronthecoursework.7.非謂語動(dòng)詞是考點(diǎn)，見面驗(yàn)證別嫌煩。1).Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycanmakesure…2).Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.3).SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.4).Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.5).Lookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.6).Ihaveoftendreamedoftalkfacetofacewithyou.7).Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso…8.固定搭配看清楚，習(xí)慣用法要關(guān)注。句式特點(diǎn)整體看，引導(dǎo)詞語是關(guān)鍵。1).Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacher.2).Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.3).Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.4).IthinkI’demailyouandletyouknowwhatthingsaregoing.5).IliveinBeijing，whereisthecapitalofChina.6).Itwasturnedouttobeherowncup,thatshe’dleftontheshelfbymistake.【練習(xí)鞏固】Passage1Ifeelquitesurethechemistrytestthatwe’regoingtohavetomorrow.TheteacherhasalreadytoldusexactwhattostudyandIthinkmygradesonhomeworkhasbeengood．Inafact,IthinkchemistryhasalwaysbeenoneofthesubjectsthatIenjoyitmost.SusanandIhadalreadyspenttwohoursreviewpages115-140tonight.Wearegoingtodevoteanotherhourtopractisewithsomeofthesample(實(shí)例)problem.ThenIwillreadyforthetest.Passage2DearMary,IreceiveyourE-mailjustnow.Don’tworryaboutme.I’mgettingonwellwithmyresearchworkinthelab.ButtomygreatlysurpriseyousayyouwillgiveuplearnEnglish.Thereasonisbecauseyouhavenotdonewellinitrecentlyandyouhavelostinterests.I’mafraidIcouldn’tagreewithyou.IknowitisdifficultytolearnEnglish,andEnglishiswidelyusedintheworldtoday.Itwillbeimportanttoolinourfuturework.Beside,itisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinourdailylife.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillbesucceed.Dorememberthatwherethereisawill,thereisaway.I’mlookingforwardtohearinggoodnewsfromyou.Yours,LiHuaPassage3DearRalph,Iamanuniversitystudent.Ioncethoughtlifeattheuniversitymustbeexcellent,butnowIchangedmymind.Ihavethreeroommates,andIwasthelastonetomoveintothedormitory.Lastterm,Igotalongpeacefullyandhappy.ButIfindtheyarenotwillingtobewithmenow.Theydon’ttalkwithme,andthey’vebecomecoldtowardme.Manytime,IhavewantedtotalkwiththemabouthowIfeltlike,butIfailedtofindanopening.Whenleavingalone,Ialwaysrecallthissadness.ButIamanhoneststudent.Whydon’tIwintruefriendship?七選五練習(xí)ADearSir,IhavetotraveleverydayfromSoUKRoadtotheairport.Twobusestravelalongthisroute:No.49andNo.16.However,bythetimeNo.16reachesSoUKRoad,itisalwaysfull.__1__ThetimetablestatesthattherearebusesfromSoUKRoadtotheairporteverytenminutes.__2__Theinstructionsstatethatifthereareemptyseatsonabus,thebusmuststopateverystopwherepeoplearewaiting.__3__Theinstructionsstatethatnobusmaycarrymorethan40seatedpassengersand20standingpassengers.Yesterday,Iwasthefirsttogetoffthebuswhenitreachedtheairport.__4___Therewere129ofthem.Clearlyprintedonthebackofeverybusisasignthatsays“Maximumspeed:50mph.”___5__SaturdaymorningaNo.49bustraveledthedistanceintenminutes,atanaveragespeedof60mph.Attimesitmusthavedoneatleast80oreven90mph.Itisobviousthatourbuscompanieshaveneitherrespectfortheinstructionsnorconsiderationfortheirpassengers.Cannothingbedoneaboutthis?JerryA.Icountedtheotherpassengersastheygotoff.B.Isthereanythingwecandotochangethis?C.Theproblemisthatwehavetopaymoreforourtrip.D.ThedistancefromSoUKRoadtotheairportis10miles.E.ThisleavesNo.49whichsometimeshasemptyseatsonit.F.Ifthisisso,whydoIhavetowaithalfanhourforabusnearlyeveryday?G.Whyisitthathalf-emptybusesgostraightpastmewhenIamstandingatthebusstop?BMymotherisadiligentandkindwoman.Sheisverybusyfrommorningtillnight.Asateacher,sheworkshard.1BothmybrotherandIloveherdearlyasshelovesus.Mymotherhasbeenteachingmathatamiddleschoolinmyhometown.Shegoestoworkearlyinthemorninganddoesnotreturnhomeuntillateintheafternoon.2Shetreatsthemwithpatienceandteachesthemwell.Forherexcellentqualityandverygoodteachingresults,shehasbeenelectedasamodelteacherseveraltimes.3Everyday,whenshecomesbackhomefromwork,shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythingingoodorder.Sheseemstobebusyallthetime.Asshehasbeenverybusyworkingeveryday,shelooksolderthanherage.Butshelooksascheerfulandhappyasever.Motherneverbuysexpensivedresse