高考英語（江蘇專用）大一輪寫作專題：第四周 定語從句的寫作

第四周定語從句的寫作一、寫作中常用的幾種定語從句1．關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞who，whom，whose，that，which，as引導(dǎo)的定語從句是寫作的一大重點(diǎn)，尤其是which和as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句在高考范文中更是屢見不鮮。Asailorwhohasexperiencednostormwillneverbecomeanexcellentsailor.(2013·福建高考滿分作文)沒經(jīng)歷過暴風(fēng)雨的水手永遠(yuǎn)不會成為一名優(yōu)秀的水手。Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhileeatingmooncakes,whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.(2013·遼寧高考滿分作文)人們可以一邊吃月餅一邊賞月，月餅是這個(gè)節(jié)日的特殊食品。2．關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句是指when，where，why引導(dǎo)的定語從句。Thereasonwhypeoplecelebratethefestivalisthattheybelieveitisthetimewhenthemoonisatitsfullestandbrightestinthewholeyear,andpeoplewillgathertogethereatingmooncakesandappreciatingthefullmoon.(2013·遼寧高考滿分作文)人們慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日的原因是，他們相信這時(shí)候是一年中月亮最滿、最亮的時(shí)候，人們聚在一起吃月餅、賞滿月。3．“介詞＋which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句Yearsofschoollifehavetaughtmealotofthings,ofwhichwhatstrikesmemostisthatweshouldtakecarenottohurtotherswithourwords,deliberatelyorbyaccident.(2013·湖北高考滿分作文)多年的校園生活教會了我很多東西，其中使我印象最深的是我們應(yīng)該盡量不要用言語傷害別人，無論是故意還是無意。[即時(shí)演練]用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1．Thosewhodosimpleandordinaryjobsarealsopromotingthedevelopmentofthesociety.(2013·廣東高考滿分作文)2．Asweallknow,cleaningstreetsisoneofthehardestwork.(2013·廣東高考滿分作文)3．Myteacheradvisedmetorepeatthematerialsseveraltimesandreadthemaloud,whichtheythinkwillhelpimprovemymemory.(2013·四川高考書面表達(dá))4．Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedinthesmalltown.5．ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,afterwhichshewenttohaveheradvancedstudy二、定語從句的寫法定語從句是比較難掌握而又是學(xué)生在寫作中喜歡嘗試的復(fù)雜句，因此在寫作時(shí)可采用“三步法”：eq\x(\a\al(第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡單句。,第二步：在一個(gè)簡單句中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯，這個(gè)詞在兩個(gè)簡單句中都有。,第三步：把另一個(gè)簡單句改成定語從句，要特別注意引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。))[示例]第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡單句。①TheforeignerisfromCanada.②Hevisitedourclassyesterday.第二步：在句①中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯：theforeigner。第三步：用句②充當(dāng)定語從句，theforeigner為先行詞指人，句②中的代詞he指代theforeigner且在句子中作主語，故用who或that作引導(dǎo)詞。Theforeignerwho/thatvisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.[即時(shí)演練]把下列每組題中的兩個(gè)簡單句合并為一個(gè)含有定語從句的復(fù)合句1．I'vealwayslongedforthedays.Iwillbeabletobeindependentthen.I've_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent.2．Ihaveafriend.Herfatherisanengineer.I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.3．Theyplantedthetrees.Thetreesdidn'tneedmuchwater.They_planted_the_trees_that/which_didn't_need_much_water.4．Thisisthebestmethod.Itcanbeusedagainstpollution.This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution.5．Theysenttheelderlysomefruits,cleanedtheroomsandhadagoodchatwiththem.Theelderlyalwaysfeellonely.They_sent_some_fruits_to_the_elderly_who_always_feel_lonely,_cleaned_the_rooms_and_had_a_good_chat_with_them.三、定語從句寫作的幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)1．誤用關(guān)系詞誤：IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.正：IliveinBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChina.誤：Ihaveafriend,who'snameisLiuMei.正：Ihaveafriend,whosenameisLiuMei.2．句子殘缺誤：ThereweremanystudentstookpartintheEnglishcompetition.正：ThereweremanystudentswhotookpartintheEnglishcompetition.誤：Thosewhoinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.正：Thosewhoareinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.3．有多余詞誤：ThefilmIsawitlastnightwasreallyverygood.正：ThefilmIsawlastnightwasreallyverygood.誤：Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupthereinmychildhood.正：Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupinmychildhood.4．定語從句與并列句的混淆誤：Infact,smokingisabadhabit,itdoesgreatharmtopeople'shealth.正：Infact,smokingisabadhabit,which/anditdoesgreatharmtopeople'shealth.誤：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,itdidn'thelp.正：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,which/butitdidn'thelp.[即時(shí)演練]單句改錯(cuò)1．Thosehaveworkexperiencecanfindajobeasily.________________答案：Those后加who2．Somesongsremindusofthepeoplewhichwelove.________________答案：which→who(m)3．Thisisthefactorywevisiteditlastyear.________________答案：去掉it4．Shehasbeenateacherfor30yearsintheplacewhereusedtobeapoorarea.________________答案：where→which/that5．Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,itisnamedafterhisgrandfather.________________答案：it→which或在it前加and[綜合演練提升]Ⅰ.完成句子1．我總是會參觀一些博物館，這些博物館對于拓寬視野、豐富知識來說是不應(yīng)錯(cuò)過的。Iwouldvisitsomemuseumswhich_should_not_be_missedtowidenmyhorizonsaswellasenrichmyknowledge.(2013·山東高考滿分作文)2．當(dāng)今，父母為他們的獨(dú)生子女做所有的事情，這使得這些獨(dú)生子女非常依賴于父母。Nowadaysparentshavedoneeverythingfortheirsinglechildren,which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parentsbadly.(2013·福建高考滿分作文)3．你知道，中國結(jié)非常受中國人的喜歡。As_you_know,_ChineseknotsareverypopularwithChinesepeople.(2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文)4．你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市參加一個(gè)國際會議。Youknow,myuncleLiMingisgoingtothecitywhereyoulivetoattendaninternationalmeeting.(2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)5．我經(jīng)常想起被陌生人的言語傷害和侮辱的時(shí)候，甚至有時(shí)是來自熟悉的人。IoftenthinkaboutthetimeswhenIhavefelthurtandinsultedbyruderemarksfromstrangersandsometimesevenfromacquaintances.(2013·湖北高考滿分作文)Ⅱ.請按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一篇有關(guān)你的同學(xué)Kate的英語短文，盡可能多地使用定語從句。1．我有一個(gè)同學(xué)叫Kate，她的媽媽是我以前的英語老師。2．Kate是一個(gè)容易相處的人，我們都喜歡她。3．Kate在此次口語競賽中獲得第一名，這使得她媽媽很高興。4．新年就要到了，到時(shí)Kate會和她媽媽一起去香港。5．眾所周知，香港是一個(gè)購物天堂，Kate打算在那里買她需要的東西。參考范文：IhaveaclassmatecalledKate,whosemotherismyformerEnglishteacher.Kateisagirlwhoiseasytogetalongwi