60 考博英語(yǔ)作文

(1)不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型(選擇型)Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat_作文題目.Butitiswellknownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Amajorityofpeoplethinkthat_觀點(diǎn)一.Intheirviewsthereare2factorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:inthefirstplace,原因一.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,原因二.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat觀點(diǎn)一.People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeopleholdtheideathat觀點(diǎn)二.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand,原因一.Ontheotherhand,原因二.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthat觀占一八、、-??AsfarasIamconcerned,Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat—觀點(diǎn)一或二.Itisnotonlybecause,butalsobecause.Themore,themore.joozone(2)利弊型的議論文Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)作文題目.Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin_題目議題.Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,優(yōu)點(diǎn)——.Andsecondly優(yōu)點(diǎn)二.JustAsapopularsayinggoes,neverycoinhastwosides”,—討論議題isnoexception,andinanotherword,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,缺點(diǎn)——.Inaddition,缺點(diǎn)二.Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof_討論議題intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakeabetteruseofthe討論議題.(3)答題性議論文Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)—作文題目.Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,—途徑一?Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofthesolvingproblemis―途徑二.Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof作文題目,weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,方法.(4)諺語(yǔ)警句性議論文Itiswellknowtousthattheproverb:“諺語(yǔ)"hasaprofoundsignificanceandvaluenotonlyinourjobbutalsoinourstudy.Itmeans諺語(yǔ)的含義.Thesayingcanbeillustratedthroughaseriesofexamplesasfollows.(alsotheoretically)Acaseinpointis彳列子一.Therefore,itisgoeswithoutsayingthatitisofgreatofimportancetopracticetheproverb諺語(yǔ).WiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinChina,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethatitisalsoofpracticalusetosticktothesaying:諺語(yǔ).Themoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.(5)圖表作文的框架Asisshown/indicated/illustratedbythefigure/percentageinthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart),作文題目的議題hasbeenonrise/decrease(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadilyrising/decreasingfromintoin.Fromthesharp/markeddecline/riseinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat.Thereareatleasttwogoodreasonsaccountingfor.Ontheonehand,.Ontheotherhand,isduetothefactthat.Inaddition,isresponsiblefor.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonlyconvincing.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iholdthepointofviewthat.Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.(6)實(shí)用性寫(xiě)作(申請(qǐng)信)YouraddressMonth,Date,yearReceiver'saddressDearIamextremelypleasedtohearfromyou./toseeyouradvertisementforthepositionin....AndIwouldliketowritealettertotellyouthat.../1amconfidentthatIamsuitableforthekindofthejobyouareadvertising..../1feelIamcompetenttomeettherequirementsyouhavelisted.Ontheonehand,....Ontheotherhand,....Iamenclosingmyresumeforyourkindconsiderationandreference.Ishallbemuchobligedifyouwilloffermeapreciousopportunitytoaninterview.Iwillgreatlyappreciatearesponsefromyouatyourearliestconvenience/1amlookingforwardtoyourrepliesatyourearliestconvenience.Bestregardsforyourhealthandsuccess.Sincerelyyours,XXX01TheLanguageofMusicApainterhangshisorherfinishedpicturesonawall,andeveryonecanseeit.Acomposerwritesawork,butnoonecanhearituntilitisperformed.Professionalsingersandplayershavegreatresponsibilities,forthecomposerisutterlydependentonthem.Astudentofmusicneedsaslongandasarduousatrainingtobecomeaperformerasamedicalstudentneedstobecomeadoctor.Mosttrainingisconcernedwithtechnique,formusicianshavetohavethemuscularproficiencyofanathleteoraballetdancer.Singerspracticebreathingeveryday,astheirvocalchordswouldbeinadequatewithoutcontrolledmuscularsupport.Stringplayerspracticemovingthefingersofthelefthandupanddown,whiledrawingthebowtoandfrowiththerightarm—twoentirelydifferentmovements.Singersandinstrumentshavetobeabletogeteverynoteperfectlyintune.Pianistsaresparedthisparticularanxiety,forthenotesarealreadythere,waitingforthem,anditisthepianotuner'sresponsibilitytotunetheinstrumentfbrthem.Buttheyhavetheirowndifficulties;thehammersthathitthestringhavetobecoaxednottosoundlikepercussion,andeachoverlappingtonehastosoundclear.Thisproblemofgettingcleartextureisonethatconfrontsstudentconductors:theyhavetolearntoknoweverynoteofthemusicandhowitshouldsound,andtheyhavetoaimatcontrollingthesesoundwithfanaticalbutselflessauthority.Techniqueisofnouseunlessitiscombinedwithmusicalknowledgeandunderstanding.Greatartistsarethosewhoaresothoroughlyathomeinthelanguageofmusicthattheycanenjoyperformingworkswritteninanycentury.02SchoolingandEducationItiscommonlybelievedinUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.Nevertheless,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.Thedistinctionbetweenschoolingandeducationimpliedbythisremarkisimportant.Educationismuchmoreopen-endedandall-inclusivethanschooling.Educationknowsnobounds.Itcantakeplaceanywhere,whetherintheshowerorinthejob,whetherinakitchenoronatractor.Itincludesboththeformallearningthattakesplaceinschoolsandthewholeuniverseofinformallearning.Theagentsofeducationcanrangefromareveredgrandparenttothepeopledebatingpoliticsontheradio,fromachildtoadistinguishedscientist.Whereasschoolinghasacertainpredictability,educationquiteoftenproducessurprises.Achanceconversationwithastrangermayleadapersontodiscoverhowlittleisknownofotherreligions.Peopleareengagedineducationfrominfancyon.Education,then,isaverybroad,inclusiveterm.Itisalifelongprocess,aprocessthatstartslongbeforethestartofschool,andonethatshouldbeanintegralpartofone'sentirelife.Schooling,ontheotherhand,isaspecific,formalizedprocess,whosegeneralpatternvarieslittlefromonesettingtothenext.Throughoutacountry,childrenarriveatschoolatapproximatelythesametime,takeassignedscats,arctaughtbyanadult,usesimilartextbooks,dohomework,takeexams,andsoon.Theslicesofrealitythataretobelearned,whethertheyarethealphabetoranunderstandingoftheworkingofgovernment,haveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught.Forexample,highschoolstudentsknowthattherenotlikelytofindoutintheirclassesthetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunitiesorwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.Therearedefiniteconditionssurroundingtheformalizedprocessofschooling.03TheDefinitionof"Price”P(pán)ricesdeterminehowresourcesaretobeused.Theyarealsothemeansbywhichproductsandservicesthatareinlimitedsupplyarerationedamongbuyers.ThepricesystemoftheUnitedStatesisacomplexnetworkcomposedofthepricesofalltheproductsboughtandsoldintheeconomyaswellasthoseofamyriadofservices,includinglabor,professional,transportation,andpublic-utilityservices.Theinterrelationshipsofallthesepricesmakeupthe“system”ofprices.Thepriceofanyparticularproductorserviceislinkedtoabroad,complicatedsystemofpricesinwhicheverythingseemstodependmoreorlessuponeverythingelse.Ifoneweretoaskagroupofrandomlyselectedindividualstodefine“price"，manywouldreplythatpriceisanamountofmoneypaidbythebuyertothesellerofaproductorserviceor,inotherwordsthatpriceisthemoneyvaluesofaproductorserviceasagreeduponinamarkettransaction.Thisdefinitionis,ofcourse,validasfarasitgoes.Foracompleteunderstandingofapriceinanyparticulartransaction,muchmorethantheamountofmoneyinvolvedmustbeknown.Boththebuyerandthesellershouldbefamiliarwithnotonlythemoneyamount,butwiththeamountandqualityoftheproductorservicetobeexchanged,thetimeandplaceatwhichtheexchangewilltakeplaceandpaymentwillbemade,theformofmoneytobeused,thecredittermsanddiscountsthatapplytothetransaction,guaranteesontheproductorservice,deliveryterms,returnprivileges,andotherfactors.Inotherwords,bothbuyerandsellershouldbefullyawareofallthefactorsthatcomprisethetotal"package"beingexchangedfortheasked-foramountofmoneyinorderthattheymayevaluateagivenprice.04ElectricityThemodernageisanageofelectricity.Peoplearesousedtoelectriclights,radio,televisions,andtelephonesthatitishardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutthem.Whenthereisapowerfailure,peoplegropeaboutinflickeringcandlelight,carshesitateinthestreetsbecausetherearenotrafficlightstoguidethem,andfoodspoilsinsilentrefrigerators.Yet,peoplebegantounderstandhowelectricityworksonlyalittlemorethantwocenturiesago.Naturehasapparentlybeenexperimentinginthisfieldformillionofyears.Scientistsarediscoveringmoreandmorethatthelivingworldmayholdmanyinterestingsecretsofelectricitythatcouldbenefithumanity.Alllivingcellsendouttinypulsesofelectricity.Astheheartbeats,itsendsoutpulsesofrecord;theyformanelectrocardiogram,whichadoctorcanstudytodeterminehowwelltheheartisworking.Thebrain,too,sendsoutbrainwavesofelectricity,whichcanberecordedinanelectroencephalogram.Theelectriccurrentsgeneratedbymostlivingcellsareextremelysmall-oftensosmallthatsensitiveinstrumentsareneededtorecordthem.Butinsomeanimals,certainmusclecellshavebecomesospecializedaselectricalgeneratorsthattheydonotworkasmusclecellsatall.Whenlargenumbersofthesecellarelinkedtogether,theeffectscanbeastonishing.Theelectriccclisanamazingstoragebattery.Itcanseedajoltofasmuchaseighthundredvoltsofelectricitythroughthewaterinwhichitlive.(Anelectrichousecurrentisonlyonehundredtwentyvolts.)Asmanyasfour-fifthsofallthecellsintheelectriceel'sbodyarespecializedforgeneratingelectricity,andthestrengthoftheshockitcandelivercorrespondsroughlytolengthofitsbody.05TheBeginningofDramaTherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonmostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld-eventheseasonalchanges-asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeanstocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused,Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformancesandwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthenactingarea”andthenauditorium.nInaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun-asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisviestales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.06TelevisionTelevisionthemostpervasiveandpersuasiveofmodemtechnologies,markedbyrapidchangeandgrowth-ismovingintoanewera,aneraofextraordinarysophisticationandversatility,whichpromisestoreshapeourlivesandourworld.Itisanelectronicrevolutionofsorts,madepossiblebythemarriageoftelevisionandcomputertechnologies.Theword"television",derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(visio:sight)roots,canliterallybeinterpretedassightfromadistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireorcable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicsystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehicleforcommunication,andassuchbecomesapowerfultoolforreachingotherhumanbeings.Thefieldoftelevisioncanbedividedintotwocategoriesdeterminedbyitsmeansoftransmission.First,thereisbroadcasttelevision,whichreachesthemassesthroughbroad-basedairwavetransmissionoftelevisionsignals.Second,thereisnonbroadcasttelevision,whichprovidesfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroupsthroughcontrolledtransmissiontechniques.Traditionally,televisionhasbeenamediumofthemasses.Wearemostfamiliarwithbroadcasttelevisionbecauseithasbeenwithusforaboutthirty-sevenyearsinaformsimilartowhatexiststoday.Duringthoseyears,ithasbeencontrolled,forthemostpart,bythebroadcastnetworks,ABC,NBC,andCBS,whohavebeenthemajorpurveyorsofnews,information,andentertainment.Thesegiantsofbroadcastinghaveactuallyshapednotonlytelevisionbutourperceptionofitaswell.Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.07AndrewCarnegiepAndrewCarnegie,knownastheKingofSteel,builtthesteelindustryintheUnitedStates,and,intheprocess,becameoneofthewealthiestmeninAmerica.Hissuccessresultedinpartfromhisabilitytoselltheproductandinpartfromhispolicyofexpandingduringperiodsofeconomicdecline,whenmostofhiscompetitorswerereducingtheirinvestments.Carnegiebelievedthatindividualsshouldprogressthroughhardwork,buthealsofeltstronglythatthewealthyshouldusetheirfortunesforthebenefitofsociety.Heopposedcharity,preferringinsteadtoprovideeducationalopportunitiesthatwouldallowotherstohelpthemselves.HHewhodiesrich,diesdisgraced/1heoftensaid.Amonghismorenoteworthycontributionstosocietyarethosethatbearhisname,includingtheCarnegieInstituteofPittsburgh,whichhasalibrary,amuseumoffinearts,andamuseumofnationalhistory.HealsofoundedaschooloftechnologythatisnowpartofCarnegie-MellonUniversity.OtherphilanthrophicgiftsaretheCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeacetopromoteunderstandingbetweennations,theCarnegieInstituteofWashingtontofundscientificresearch,andCarnegieHalltoprovideacenterforthearts.FewAmericanshavebeenleftuntouchedbyAndrewCarnegie'sgenerosity.Hiscontributionsofmorethanfivemilliondollarsestablished2,500librariesinsmallcommunitiesthroughoutthecountryandformedthenucleusofthepubliclibrarysystemthatweallenjoytoday.寫(xiě)好考博作文的幾點(diǎn)看法變囹互本人也曾是考研、考博大軍中的一員，深知作文的好壞直接影響總分，怎樣才能得到好的分?jǐn)?shù)呢？主要有以下幾點(diǎn)體會(huì)：一是要背一些句型，各種長(zhǎng)短句的搭配運(yùn)用能有效提高作文的檔次，當(dāng)然分值也就提高了；二是要記一些不同類(lèi)型作文的框架，針對(duì)不同的題材，通過(guò)修飾、潤(rùn)色，基本就差不多了；三是要學(xué)會(huì)舉例子，在寫(xiě)到山窮水盡時(shí)，不妨來(lái)個(gè)例子，盡可在不偏離主題的情況下自由發(fā)揮，要求的字?jǐn)?shù)也就上去了。這僅僅是我自己感覺(jué)寫(xiě)作中較重要的三點(diǎn)，不能以偏概全，其他還有許多要注意的問(wèn)題，由于本文篇幅所限，不再贅述，這也只是應(yīng)試的小體會(huì)，要真正提高寫(xiě)作能力，諸君要多練、多體會(huì)才是。仿照下面幾篇文章，大家改寫(xiě)試試，說(shuō)不定會(huì)有所幫助。I.Directions:Womenmakeagreatcontributiontotheprogressofmodernsociety.Buttherearestillsomepeoplewhodon'tagreewithit.Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyontheissueinanewspaper.Writeanessaytothenewspaperbasedonthefollowingoutline.RoleofwomeninmodernsocietyPrejudicesanddiscriminationagainstwomenMycommentYoushouldwriteabout200wordswithin40minutes.Womenplayanimportantpartinmodemsociety.Nowmanywomenaregoingintoprofessions,suchasmedicine,lawandengineering.Theycomprisealargepartoftheworkersinofficesandfactories.Manyjobstheyareengagedinareinlinewiththeirspecialcapabilitiesoftheirsex.Inaddition,someofareworkinguptoimportantpositionswhichusedtobeheldmainlybymen.Thereareevensomebusinesseswhichareruncompletelybywomen.Itisobviousthatwomenaremakinganoutstandingcontributiontotheprogressofmodernsociety.Thereare,however,stillsomepeoplewhoassertthatmenaresuperiortowomeninmanyways.Inthefirstplace,manyjobsmendocanhardlybedonebywomen,whoarephysicallynotstrongenough.Theybelievethatwomenaretheweakersex-bothphysicallyandemotionally.Thus,womenarenaturallysuited,muchmoresothanmen,totheperformanceofdomesticduties.Accordingtothem,awoman'splaceiswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome.Secondly,mostoftheworld-famousscientistsandstatesmenarefoundtobemales.Finally,thewholesocietyseemstohavealwaysbeendominatedbymenonly.Intheiropinion,menshouldenjoymorerightsthandowomen.Personally,I'mfirmlystandingonthesideofthosewomenrightdefenders.Sincebothmenandwomenareequallyimportantinhumanactivities,theyshouldbeonanequalfooting.(242words)Directions:Inthispart,youaretowriteanessayofabout200wordswithin40minutes.Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinformationgiveninthetable.Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.Outline:1.Changesinpeople'sdailyexpansesinthepastfiveyearsPossiblereasonsforthechangesMyownconclusionFood65%60%48%42%35%Clothing5%7%10%13%15%Recreation3%5%7%8%13%Others24%26%33%36%38%Total100%100%100%100%100%Inthepastfiveyears,therehavebeengreatchangesinpeople'sdailyexpensesinXXcity.Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,theamountofmoneyspentonfooddecreasedgradually,accountingfor35percentin2001.However,therewasarapidincreaseinclothingexpenses,whichmadeup15%in2001.Inaddition,thetableshowsanupwardtendencyinrecreationexpenses.Thesamewasthecasewithotherexpenses.Whatcausedtheseremarkablechanges?Inmyopinion,thereareatleastthreegoodreasons.Tobeginwith,withtherapiddevelopmentofagricultureinChina,theoutputofgrain,fruit,vegetablesandmilkhassharplyincreased,whichcontributestothedeclineintheirprices.Secondly,thefamilyincomesofpeoplebothinthecityandinthecountryhavegreatlyrisensothat