新編大學(xué)英語4教學(xué)課件：B4U6 Risks

UnitSix句型應(yīng)用

Itismuchmoredifficultwhenanxietyaboutotherformsofriskisconcerned,becausewithmanyrisks,thesituationisnotassimple.

(Line15)when…sth.isconcerned:就……來說，就……而言；有時常用asfarassth.isconcerned

表示。譯文Example談到政策，我得說幾句。As

far

as

policy

is

concerned,

I

have

to

say

something.就我們而言,你什么時候走都行。When

we’re

concerned,

you

can

go

whenever

youwant.

譯文

Itismuchmoredifficultwhenanxietyaboutotherformsofriskisconcerned,becausewithmanyrisks,thesituationisnotassimple.

(Line15)但當(dāng)涉及到其它形式的風(fēng)險時，事情就要困難得多，因為對許多風(fēng)險來說，情況并不那么簡單。句型應(yīng)用

Butwhatifyougethitfromthesideandenduptrappedinsidethevehicle,unabletoescapebecauseofadamagedseatbeltmechanism?

(Line20)譯文whatif…？相當(dāng)于

whatwouldhappenif…意為：“如果……那又怎么辦呢？”

如果她改變主意不來怎么辦?What

if

she

changes

her

mind

and

doesn’t

turn

up?要是他媽媽不喜歡這個女孩該怎么辦？What

ifhismotherdoesn’tlikethegirl?Example如果我們對家人和朋友不忠怎么辦？What

ifwearefaithlesstoourfriendsandfamilies?enduptrapped一句中

trapped是過去分詞表示伴隨，本分句譯為“最終被卡在車?yán)铩薄Ｋ詈蟪闪斯镜闹鞴?。Heendedup(as)headofthefirm.Exampleendup,最后成為（處于），后面可接名詞（短語）、形容詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞或介詞短語作狀語。你要繼續(xù)行竊終歸得進監(jiān)獄。Ifyoucontinuetostealyou’llendupinprison.一開始我們并不喜歡它，可最后我們卻為之歡呼。Wedidn’tlikeitfirst,butweendedupcheering.Example如果他繼續(xù)那樣開車的話，最后會送命的。Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,he’llendupdead.ExerciseTheparty_______________________ofAuldLangSyne.聚會在“友誼地久天長”的歌聲中結(jié)束。endedupwiththesingingIfyoudon’tworkhard,_____________________.如果你不努力，終將一事無成。you’llendupnowhere請完成下面的句子。Hejumpedintotherivertosavethechildbut________________________________.

他跳進河里去救那個小孩，結(jié)果卻被水草纏住了。endeduptrappedbythewaterweeds譯文

Butwhatifyougethitfromthesideandenduptrappedinsidethevehicle,unabletoescapebecauseofadamagedseatbeltmechanism?

(Line20)倘若你的車側(cè)面被撞，結(jié)果你被困在車?yán)铮忠虬踩珟аb置遭破壞而無法掙脫，那怎么辦呢？句子分析Inthecasejustdiscussed,wewouldfindtherelativesafetyofcartravelandcoalminingbydividingthenumbersofliveslostineachbythenumberofpeopleparticipatingineach.(Line57)這是一個簡單句，主干結(jié)構(gòu)為wewouldfindtherelativesafety，of引起的介詞短語作定語修飾前面的名詞relativesafety，bydividing…ineach是句子的方式狀語，句首的Inthecasejustdiscussed為狀語，意思是“在剛剛討論的情況中”。結(jié)尾中出現(xiàn)了兩個each都指的是eachactivity，“每一項活動”。譯文以6除30，答案為5。Ifyoudivide30by6,theansweris5.三十除以六等于五。Thirtydividedbysixisfive.Exampledivide…by…用……去除……譯文在剛才討論的例子中，我們可以用每一項活動中死亡的人數(shù)除以參與該活動的總?cè)藬?shù)，從而找出汽車旅行與采煤的相對安全性。Inthecasejustdiscussed,wewouldfindtherelativesafetyofcartravelandcoalminingbydividingthenumbersofliveslostineachbythenumberofpeopleparticipatingineach.(Line57)句子分析Onceweunderstandthat

riskcanneverbetotallyeliminatedfromanysituationandthat,therefore,nothingiscompletelysafe,we

willthenseethattheissueisnotoneofavoidingrisksaltogetherbutratheroneofmanagingrisksinasensibleway.(Line68)

本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，從句Once

weunderstand…safe

中，謂語

understand后有兩個由that引導(dǎo)的并列賓語從句，主句wewillthensee…way中,動詞see也帶了一個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)為theissueisnot…butrather…。譯文Once(conj.)

:

一旦一旦打開書本學(xué)習(xí)，就不接電話、不看電視、不讀報紙了。Oncethebooksareopen,phonecallsgounanswered,TVunwatchedandnewspapersunread.對環(huán)境一旦造成破壞，就要花很多年的時間才能使整個系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)。Onceenvironmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsforthesystemtorecover.Example譯文一旦我們懂得在任何情況下都不能完全排除危險，因而任何事情都不是絕對安全的，我們就會明白問題不在于徹底避免危險而在于如何理智地對付危險。Onceweunderstandthat

riskcanneverbetotallyeliminatedfromanysituationandthat,therefore,nothingiscompletelysafe,we

willthenseethattheissueisnotoneofavoidingrisksaltogetherbutratheroneofmanagingrisksinasensibleway.(Line68)

Shewasallowedtokeepthebookindefinitely.

indefinitely

(adv.)

(Line10,Para.1)她被允許無限期保存那本書。Translation那個關(guān)鍵的商務(wù)談判不能被無限期地推遲。Thatkeybusinesstalkshouldnotbepostponedindefinitely.

foraperiodoftimewithoutafixedlimit

無限期地definite–indefinite–indefinitely

definiteadj.clearlyknown,seen,orstated;withoutanyuncertainty明確的,一定的Exercise我們定一下下次比賽的確切日期吧。Let'sfix_____________forthenextmatch.adefinitedate受害者的父母要求一個明確的答復(fù)。Thevictim’sparentsdemanded_______________.adefiniteanswer請完成下面的句子。providingalastdecisionthatcannotbequestionedorchanged;conclusive

確定的，決定性的，有權(quán)威的definitive

(adj.)

(Line13,Para.2)Exercise＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

bytheSupremeCourtisunlikelytobechanged.最高法院的最終決定是不太可能改變的。Thedefinitivedecision___________________ofthatbookhasbeenrevisedseveraltimes.那本書的最終版本已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了幾次修改。Thedefinitiveedition請完成下面的句子。Thatdepartmentcouldprovideyouwith__________________________.那個部門能夠給你出具一份權(quán)威的鑒定書(appraisal)。apieceofdefinitiveappraisalpartial(Line12,Para.2)adj.1)notcomplete部分的，不完全的Shecouldonlyenjoyapartialrecovery.她只是部分地恢復(fù)了健康（她還沒有完全康復(fù)）。Translation在那座城堡的頂端可以欣賞到城市的部分景致。Apartialviewofthecitycanbeavailableatthetopofthecastle.

partialto

infml

havingastronglikingfor(非正式)過分喜歡，偏愛MysisterisverypartialtoSuperGirlZhangLiangying.我妹妹非常偏愛超級女生張靚穎。Translation我非常喜歡吃甜食。I’mverypartialtosweetfood.

adj.3)unfairlysupportingonepersonoronegroupagainstanother

偏向一方的，偏袒的，不公正的ExerciseThereferee______________________Bayen

MunichinthatEuropeanChampionsLeaguematch.

裁判在那場歐洲冠軍聯(lián)賽的比賽中明顯偏袒德國的拜仁慕尼黑隊。wasclearlypartialtowardYouareexpected_____________________________________________.你必須讓自己的判斷客觀公正。tokeepyourjudgmentawayfrom請完成下面的句子。anypartialattitudesaccidentally(Line26,Para.3)adv.happeningbychance,notbyplanorintention偶然地，意外地ShemetwithpopsingerTianZhenattheairportaccidentally.她在機場意外地遇見了著名歌手田震。Translation他在一個偶然的機會被那位著名導(dǎo)演看中，因此有機會在一部偶像劇中扮演關(guān)鍵角色。Hewasaccidentallychosenbythatfamousdirectortoplayakeyroleinanidoldrama.ExerciseHis_______________discouragedthewholeteam.他的意外失利挫傷了整個隊伍的士氣。accidentalfailure______________________offamouskungfuactorJetLi(LiLianjie)madealltheaudiencequiteexcited.著名功夫明星李連杰的意外出現(xiàn)讓所有的觀眾興奮不已。Theaccidentalappearance請完成下面的句子。形容詞形式：

accidental

adj.happeningbychance,notbyplanor

intention意外的,偶然的inflate(Line27,Para.3)v.1)tofillwithairorgastomakebigger

（使）充滿氣體，（使）膨脹Thekidwastryingtoinflateaballoonbutfailedatlast.那個孩子想給氣球充氣，但最后失敗了。Translation給那件救生衣(lifejacket)充氣需要特殊的技巧。Inflatingthatlifejacketneedsspecialskills.2)toraise(aprice)byinflation使……通貨膨脹TranslationThegovernmentofthatsmallcountryalwaysinflates

thepapercurrency.那個小國的政府總是濫發(fā)紙幣。名詞形式：

嚴(yán)重的通貨膨脹使那個國家的貧困家庭的生活雪上加霜。Serious

inflationworsenedthelivingconditionsofthepoorfamiliesofthatcountry.Governmentshouldtakemeasurestocontrolinflation.政府應(yīng)采取措施控制通貨膨脹。inflation(n.)

充氣，膨脹；通貨膨脹,(物價)暴漲Translationotherwise(Line28,Para.3)我們原打算去野餐(picnic)，可是天很熱，我們就決定干別的了。Weweregoingtopicnic,butitwassohotthatwedecidedtodootherwise.

Translation她認(rèn)為那位年輕的參賽者會輸，我的看法卻不是這樣。Shesaidthatyoungcontestantwouldlose,butIthoughtotherwise.

adv.1)inadifferentway;differently

不同地2)apartfromthat;inotherways

（在）其他方面請完成下面的句子。ExerciseItwasabitlong,but________________________.那影片是長了一點兒，其它方面倒還不錯。Hisnephewisnoisy,but__________________.他的外甥愛吵鬧，但在其他方面倒是一個好孩子。otherwiseaniceboyotherwiseitwasagoodfilmconj.3)ifnot（在不同情況下）否則Translation你最好現(xiàn)在就走，否則你就趕不上火車了。You’dbettergonow,otherwise

you’llmissyourtrain.

我又多寫了一頁，不然的話已經(jīng)完成了。I'vegotonemorepagetowrite;otherwiseI'vealreadyfinished.

reduce…to…(Line33,Para.4)Translation貪婪讓他變成了階下囚。Itisgreedthatreduced

himtoaprisoner.因為吸毒，他從一個百萬富翁淪為乞丐。Hewasreducedfromamillionairetoabeggarasaresultoftakingdrugs.

bringsomeoneorsomethingto(alowerorweakerstate,conditionorrole)使某人陷入某種（通常指更壞的）狀態(tài)或狀況中2)change(something)to(itsparts);presentaproblemorsubjectin(asimplifiedform)

將某事物概括或簡化成某種形式請完成下面的句子。ExerciseTheearthquake________________________.地震將房屋變成了瓦礫(rubble)。Thepresident’sspeechcan___________________________.總統(tǒng)的演講可以被歸納為三點。bereducedtothreereducedthemainpointshousetorubbleaccordingly(Line34,Para.4)請完成下面的句子。ExercisePleaseinformusofyourdecisionand_____________________.請告知我們你的決定，我們將會采取相應(yīng)的行動。wewillactHisfriendsallconsideredhimtheirleaderand____________________.他的朋友把他視做領(lǐng)袖并且用對待領(lǐng)袖的方式對待他。treatedhimaccordinglyadv.1)inawaythatisappropriateto

thesituation

相應(yīng)地accordingly2)asaresultofsomething因此，從而超級女生李宇春有男孩子的氣質(zhì)，因此，她能夠得到無數(shù)的女歌迷的支持。SuperGirlLiYuchunlooksratherboyish.Accordingly,shecouldgetcountlessgirlfans’support.Translation有無數(shù)的讀者對于武俠小說如癡如醉。因此，金庸先生才能夠在當(dāng)今中國文壇享有很高的地位。Thereareagreatnumberofreaderswhoarecrazyformartialartsnovels.Accordingly,Mr.JinYongcouldenjoyahighstatusintoday’sChineseliterature.

assess(Line50,Para.6)

請完成下面的句子。ExerciseThevalueofthatChenYifei’spainting______________________.那幅陳逸飛的油畫被估價為50萬美元。wasTheywillgotoBeijingto____________________________________.他們將前往北京邀請幾位專家來為那些古玩(curio)估價。inviteseveralexpertstov.1)calculatewhatsomethingcostsor

isworth

估價，估計assessedat$500,000assessthosecurios2)carefullyconsiderasituation,person,orprobleminordertomakeajudgment

評價，評定現(xiàn)在評價那部新法規(guī)的效果還為時尚早。It’stooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthatnewlegislation.Translation在評價別人的時候，不要有任何的偏見。Don’tassessotherswithanyprejudice.名詞形式：assessmentn.1)

估計，估算

2)評估，評價ratio(Line54,Para.6)n.arelationshipbetweentwothingsexpressedbytwonumbersoramounts比，比率，比例20比10相當(dāng)于2比1。Theratioof20to10is2to1.Translation那所小學(xué)的師生比例是1比30。Theratioofstudentstoteachersinthatelementaryschoolis30:1.這一地區(qū)，男子人數(shù)以三比一超過女子人數(shù)。Menoutnumberwomenintheratioofthreetoone

inthisregion.versus(Line56,Para.7)prep.(Abbr.v.orvs.)inoppositiontooragainstespeciallyinagameofsports（尤指在體育比賽中）……

對……，以……為對手；與……相比本賽季的NBA總決賽將會在休斯敦火箭隊和底特律活塞隊之間展開。It’sgoingtobeTheHustonRocketsversusTheDetroitPistonsinthisseason’sNBAFinals.

Translation有必要對減稅帶來的好處與民眾消費增長所帶來的好處進行對比。It’snecessarytoweighupthebenefitsoftaxcutsversusthoseofincreasedpublicspending.

Modernlifeisfullofallmannerofthreats.(L5)Risksarealmostalwaysamatterofprobabilitiesratherthancertainty.(L17)Ouruncertaintiesmultiplyindefinitely.(L9)現(xiàn)代生活中充滿了諸多威脅。危險幾乎總是一個可能而非確定。我們的疑慮無休止的增加。ShouldIwearaseatbelt?(L18)我應(yīng)該系安全帶嗎？Nothingwedoiscompletelysafe.(L29)Thepointistoactaccordingly.(L34)我們做的事沒一件是百分之百安全的。關(guān)鍵在于見機行事。Inthecasejustdiscussed(L57)從剛才討論的情況看Thelatterturnsouttobefourtimesriskierthantheformer.(L62)后者其實比前者危險四倍。

Vocabulary

Exercises:sensiblea.havingorshowinggoodsense;

reasonable通曉事理的；明智的sensitivea.

easilyhurt,upset,or

offendedbythingsthatpeoplesay

敏感的；神經(jīng)質(zhì)的relevanta.relativea.directlyconnectedwiththesubjectbeingdiscussed適宜的；切題的comparative相對的；比較的mechanismn.結(jié)構(gòu)，機構(gòu)；技巧RISKSrequirev.requestv.need需要，要求askforsomethingpolitelyorformally請求；懇求reducev.eliminatev.makesthsmallerinsize,number,degree,price,etc.縮減，減少completelygetridofsomethingthatisunwanted消除；排除crashn.collisionn.aviolentaccidentinvolvingoneormorevehicles（飛機）墜毀anaccidentinwhichtwoormorepeopleorvehicleshiteachotherwhilemovingindifferentdirections

（車、船）相撞2.1)character2)endup 3)Rarely 4)casual 5)risky6)allmannerof7)inform 8)sensible 9)definitively3.1)Onthestrength

of2)allmannerof3)feedon 4)reduce…to5)endup 6)associatedwith7)focuson 8)turnedto9)participatein10)involvedinPartFourFurtherDevelopmentWeighingtheRisks(Page247)1.Whataresomeofthenegativeeffectsoftechnologyonourhealth?airpollution;waterpollution;soilerosion;moredangerouschemicals;increasedamountsofgarbage;increasedratesofcancerandotherdiseases;morestressbecausethepaceoflifeisfaster;RISKSStep1:1)disasters2)poses3)damage4)thinking5)pollutants6)risk7)amount8)released9)effects10)variables2.Doyouthinkpeoplehaveinterferedtoomuchintheenvironment?Yes.G