西南大學(xué)英語答辯

Digestibiliyand

feedingvalue

of

peanut

hulls

for

swine主講人：刁程ContentsBasicinformation(基本信息)1ExperimentalProcedure(試驗的步驟)2Thetestresults(試驗結(jié)果)3BasicinformationM.D.Lindemann,E.T.KornegayandR.J.Moore.VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity.J

ANIM

SCI

1986、62:412-421。BasicinformationBackground(背景）Peanuthulls,aby-productofthepeanutshellingindustry,havebeenusedforlivestockandpoultrybreeding,asafuelsourcebyindustrieslocatednearshellingplantsandasfeedforruminants.Theuseofpeanuthullsinswinedietshasbeenlimitedduetotheirhighfibercontentandlackofinformationoftheirfeedingvalueforswine.Theexperimentdesignideas(實驗的設(shè)計思路)

Digestionandmetabolismexperiment(消化代謝試驗)、feedingtrials（飼養(yǎng)試驗）andsetsalgorithm（套算法)combinedapproachtostudytheeffectsofdifferentpeanutshellsaddtheamountofpigdigestionandmetabolism,growthanddevelopment,bloodindicatorsofpeanutshells,andthenevaluatetheeffectofproposedsuitablethequantityoftheadditiveinanattempttodevelopanewtypeofanimalfeed.keytechnologies(關(guān)鍵技術(shù)）Kjeldahldetermination

（凱氏定氮法）Soxhletextraction（索氏提取法）oxygenbombcombustion（氧彈燃燒法）colorimetricmethod

（比色法）trichloroaceticacidprecipitationmethod（三氯乙酸沉淀法）.Significance(意義）1:PeanutHullchangedharminto,turningwasteintotreasuresustainableeconomicdevelopmentoftheroad;2:Thedevelopmentofanewtypeofanimalfeed;3:Peanuthullcontainingaclassofflavonoidshaveantioxidantfunctionsasafungicideandnutritionaladditives.KeyWords（關(guān)鍵詞）

ArachisHypogaea,Pigs,DigestibilityExperimentalProcedure(試驗的步驟)BalanceTrials.Twenty-fourcrossbredgiltsaveraging720.7kgwereusedintwobalancetrials(12giltspertrial).Thefourdietarytreatmentswere0,7.5,15.0and30.0%peanuthulls(groundthrougha16-ramscreen)substitutedforthe14%crudeproteinbasaldietwhichcontained20%groundoats(table1).Analysisofthepeanuthullsusedinthesetrialsisgivenintables2and3.Giltswererandomlyallottedtostainless-steelmetabolismcagesandfedthebasaldiet,allowingaminimumof7dtoadapttothecages.ExperimentalProcedure(試驗的步驟)Thegiltswerefedtheexperimentaldietsforanadjustmentperiodof7dbeforea5-dcollectionperiodbegan.Asecond5-dcollectionperiodwasinitiatedeither1(trial2)or3d(trial1)aftercompletionoftheinitialcollectionperiod.Thepigswerefedtheirrespectivedietsinagruelform(1,000mlofwatermixedwithfeedequalto4%ofthebodyweightofthepig);one-halfofthedailyfeedwasfedat0800handtheremainderat1600h.FeedingTrials.Twotrialsusing120crossbredpigs(32barrowsand88gilts)wereconductedattwolocations(Blacksburgand

Suffolk)toevaluatetheeffectsof0,7.5,15.0

and22.5%peanuthullsincorn-soybeanmealbaseddietsonperformanceofgrowing-finishingpigs.Foreachtrial,blocks(replicates)were

formedonthebasisofinitialweight;

ExperimentalProcedure(試驗的步驟)withinreplicates,pigswererandomlyassignedtodietsfromhomogenousoutcomegroupsformedaccordingtosexandlitter.Thepigswerehousedfourorfiveperpen.Thegrowerdiet(table1)wasfedfrom29to60kgandthefinisherdietwasthenfeduntilterminationofthetrialat99kg.ExperimentalProcedure(試驗的步驟)ResultsandDiscussion（結(jié)果和討論)BalanceTrial.Twogiltswereremovedfromthetrials(onegiltfromboththe0and15%peanuthullsubstitutionlevel)duetofailuretoadapttothemetabolismcages.Theremaininggiltsusedinthetwobalancetrialsgainedanaverageof478to604g/d(table4).Theadditionofpeanuthullstothedietincreasedfecaloutput(P<.001)onbothawetanddrybasisbutdidnotalterfecaldrymatterpercentage(P<.19).ResultsandDiscussion（結(jié)果和討論)Thefailureofaddedfiberfrompeanuthullstoalterfecaldrymatterpercentagewasincontrasttoobservationsofareductioninfecaldrymatterpercentagewithadditionsoffiberfromsoybeanhulls(Kornegay,1978),dehydratedalfalfameal(Henry,1976;Kassetal.,1980)andwheatbran(Henry,1976).FeedingTrials.Thedatafromthetwo

trialswerecombinedduetothesimilarityof

responseanderrormeansquare.Dailygainwas

similarduringbothperiodsandoverallforall

levelsofpeanuthulls(table8).Themaintenanceofsimilargainswasaccomplishedby

greaterdailyfeedintakesduringperiod1

(P<.04)andperiod2(P<.001)ofpigsfedthe

incrementallevelsofpeanuthulls.Thisresulted

inlinear(P<.01)differencesinfeed/gain.ResultsandDiscussion（結(jié)果和討論)Thequadraticeffect(P<.03)observedinthefeed/gainresponseinperiod1wouldindicatesomeimprovementinutilizationofthepeanuthullsatthehigherlevel;thiswasnotobservedinperiod2.The

predicteddigestibilitiesofdry

matter,nitrogenandenergywere

approximately30%.This,coupled