2018-2019學(xué)年英語(yǔ)新導(dǎo)學(xué)譯林版必修三試題：Unit 2 單元加餐練（二）

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精單元加餐練（二)Ⅰ.完形填空Kokoisthefirstgorilla（大猩猩)tohavebeentaughtsignlanguage。KokolivesintheSantaCruzMountains。Shehasherownhouseandanoutsideenclosure（圈起的地）whereshespendsher1whenitisnotraining。“Coldbad，Gorillahate，”Kokotellsme,asIstandoutsideofherhouse。But2Kokowasinterestedinme，andtoldme“Visitorgood”，itisherconversationswithDr。PennyPatterson,18，thatare3。PattersonwasapsychologystudentwhenKokowasborninSanFranciscozooin1971.Language4hadbeenmadeusingchimpanzees(黑猩猩)before，but5withagorilla。“AtfirstmyexpectationwasthatI’d6withKokoforfouryears,”shesays.“Butafterafeweveningstogether，Icouldn'tputherdown.Iendedupstayingwithher7she’dfallasleep.”Whenshebegan8Kokothesignlanguagethatdeaf。mutepeople9，forcingthelittlefingersoftheone。year-oldgorillaintothe10positionsfor“drink”，“eat"，“move"andrewarding（獎(jiǎng)賞)herwith11，shehadnoideahowquicklyKokowould12.NowKokoissogoodatsignlanguagethatifshedoesn’tknowaword，she13one.Forexample,shedidn'tknowtheword14“ring”，soshejoinedthesignsfor“finger”and“bracelet（手鐲）”toexpressit.Whathasbeenunrecognizedbyscienceisthatgorillasalsohavecomplexemotions—Kokowasseeninanupsetstatewhensheheardhercareers’15theeventsofSeptember11.WhenPattersonaskedherwhatshewould16forher11thbirthday，Koko17shewantedacat。ThestoryofKoko'scatenabledPattersontolearn18aboutheremotions。Thecatwas19byacarandPattersonhadto20thenewstoKoko,whosigned“Cry，sad，frown”．語(yǔ)篇解讀博士通過(guò)教給大猩猩做手勢(shì)語(yǔ)來(lái)研究語(yǔ)言.而且在教的過(guò)程中她發(fā)現(xiàn)大猩猩有著復(fù)雜的情感與創(chuàng)造力.1．A。holidays B．nightsC．days D．a(chǎn)fternoons答案C解析由前面“圈起的地”以及后面“當(dāng)天不下雨”推斷,大猩猩喜歡白天呆在室外。2．A。what B．sinceC．when D．a(chǎn)lthough答案D解析盡管大猩猩告訴我對(duì)我感興趣而且說(shuō)“有客人來(lái)訪真好"，但還是它跟另外一個(gè)18歲的博士之間的談話更令人振奮。因此應(yīng)用although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。其他選項(xiàng)不能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。3．A.boring B．excitingC．useful D．meaningful答案B解析此處表示大猩猩與博士之間的交談非?！傲钊苏駣^”,從下文看，博士跟大猩猩之間的交流確實(shí)非同一般。4．A.courses B．learningC．studies D．tests答案C解析此處是說(shuō)原來(lái)曾經(jīng)用黑猩猩做過(guò)語(yǔ)言方面的研究，但從來(lái)沒(méi)有用過(guò)大猩猩做過(guò)類似的研究.make。。。studies進(jìn)行……研究.5．A.once B．a(chǎn)lwaysC．usually D．never答案D解析由轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可以斷定,“從來(lái)”沒(méi)有對(duì)大猩猩進(jìn)行過(guò)語(yǔ)言方面的研究。6．A。work B．liveC．study D．help答案A解析workwith此處作“以……為工作對(duì)象"講，而不是“跟某人一塊工作”。7．A。unless B．untilC．sothat D．because答案B解析表示那位博士“一直”呆到大猩猩入睡。until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。8．A.telling B．showingC．teaching D．improving答案C解析此處表示她開(kāi)始“教”大猩猩手勢(shì)語(yǔ)言，故用teachsb。sth.。9．A。need B．haveC．use D．speak答案C解析從常識(shí)判斷，聾啞人“使用”手勢(shì)語(yǔ)。10．A.correct B．normalC．wrong D．possible答案A解析博士教大猩猩手勢(shì)語(yǔ)，讓它的手指形成“正確的”姿勢(shì)來(lái)表達(dá)不同的意義.11．A。money B．foodC．music D．flowers答案B解析根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷,當(dāng)動(dòng)物所做的事情符合人的要求時(shí),人們往往用“食物”來(lái)獎(jiǎng)賞它們.12．A。pickitup B．finditoutC．giveitup D．pickitout答案A解析開(kāi)始教大猩猩手勢(shì)語(yǔ)時(shí)，博士也不知道，它會(huì)“學(xué)”得多快.picksth。up此處作“學(xué)會(huì)某事”講。13．A.makes B．inventsC．finds D．borrows答案B解析句意為：當(dāng)大猩猩不知道一個(gè)單詞怎樣表達(dá)時(shí)，它就“創(chuàng)造”一個(gè).此處說(shuō)明大猩猩有一定的創(chuàng)造力.14．A。asB．ofC．forD．with答案C解析此處是介詞的特殊搭配，for作“適合……;針對(duì)……”講。15．A。discussing B．watchingC．learning D．escaping答案A解析此處是指大猩猩聽(tīng)到了它的飼養(yǎng)員們?cè)谡務(wù)?·11事件，故用discuss。16．A.haveB．buyC．likeD．keep答案C解析wouldlikesth.想要某物。17．A。wrote B．a(chǎn)dmittedC．signed D．said答案C解析大猩猩只能用“手勢(shì)語(yǔ)"來(lái)表達(dá)自己的意思，故用sign“打手勢(shì)"。18．A.muchB．nothingC．lessD．more答案D解析通過(guò)大猩猩與寵物之間的故事，博士對(duì)它的情感有了“更多的”了解，從下文敘述的內(nèi)容可得出答案。19．A.hit B．carriedC．sent D．run答案A解析從下文大猩猩得知貓的消息后“哭泣、傷心、皺眉頭”，可以推斷出貓被車“撞”了。20．A.keep B．breakC．spread D．report答案B解析breakthenewstosb。(第一個(gè)將壞消息)公布/告知給某人。此處意為：Patterson不得不把這個(gè)消息告訴Koko.Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2017·常州高級(jí)中學(xué)高一期中）Six。month-oldbabiesarestrictlylimitedinwhattheycanrememberabouttheobjectstheyseeintheworld。Ifyouhideseveralobjectsfrombabies，theywillonlyrememberoneofthoseobjects.Butanewstudy,whichwaspublishedinanissueofPsychologicalScience，ajournaloftheAssociationforPsychologicalScience,findsthatwhenbabies“forget”aboutanobject，notallislost。Researchersusedtothinkthatbabieslessthantwoyearsolddidnotunderstandthatanobjectcontinuestoexistwhenitisnotinthebaby’sview.Butinthemid.1980s，newwaysofdoingexperimentswithbabiesfoundthattheydo，infact，knowthatobjectsdon’tdisappearwhentheydonotlookatthem—aconceptknownasobjectpermanence.Butitwasstillunknownwhatbabiesneededtorememberaboutobjectsinordertoremembertheirexistence.NowMelissaKibbe，ofJohnHopkinsUniversity，andAlanLeslie，ofRutgersUniversity，areworkingtofigureoutexactlywhatitisthatbabiesrememberaboutobjects.Forthenewstudy，theyshowedsix。month。oldbabiestwoobjects，adiskandatriangle。Thentheyhidtheobjectsbehindsmallscreens，firstoneshape，thentheother.Earlierresearchhasshownthatyoungbabiescanrememberwhatwashiddenmostrecently，buthavemoretroublerememberingthefirstobjectthatwashidden.Oncetheshapeswerehidden，theyliftedthescreeninfrontofthefirstobject。Sometimestheyshowedbabiestheshapethatwashiddenthereoriginally，butsometimesitwastheothershape，andsometimestheobjecthadvanishedcompletely.Psychologists(心理學(xué)家）measurehowlongbabieslookatsomethingtoseehowsurprisedtheyare.InKibbeandLeslie’sstudy，babiesweren’tparticularlysurprisedtoseethatscreenhadchanged，forexample，fromatriangletoadisk.Butiftheobjectwasgonealtogether，thebabieslookedsignificantlylonger,indicatingsurpriseatanunexpectedresult:“Thisshowsthateventhoughbabiesdon'tremembertheshapeoftheobject，theyknowthatitshouldcontinuetoexist，”Kibbesays.“Theyremembertheobjectwithoutrememberingthefeaturesthatidentify(鑒別)thatobject.”“Thishelpsexplainhowtheyoungbrainprocessesinformationaboutobjects,”Lesliesays。Hethinksthebrainhasastructurethatactslikeakindofpointer,amentalfingerthatpointsatanobject.語(yǔ)篇解讀文章主要介紹了研究者的一項(xiàng)最新發(fā)現(xiàn):嬰幼兒有一定的記憶力，并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明盡管嬰幼兒記不住物體的大小形狀，但他們知道物體的存在。21．Beforethestudy，whichofthefollowingwasunclear？A．Whetherbabiesknewobjectsweregone.B．Whatmadebabiesrememberobjects’existence.C．Whetherbabiescouldrememberwhatwashiddenfirst.D．Whybabieswereinterestedinwhatwashidden。答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可知，在研究之前，科學(xué)家們不知道什么使嬰幼兒記住物品的存在。故選B.22．Inthesecondparagraph，theunderlinedword“vanished”probablymeans“"．A．forgotten B．disappearedC．discovered D．hidden答案B解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家們把圓形與三角形放在屏幕后面。然后有時(shí)把最初放在屏幕后的形狀給嬰幼兒看，有時(shí)換一種形狀，還有時(shí)把屏幕后面的物品完全拿走。通過(guò)看嬰幼兒的反應(yīng)來(lái)進(jìn)行分析.由此可推知vanish意為“消失"，故選B。23．Thestudyhelpsusbetterunderstand。A．howtheyoungbraindealswithinformationaboutobjectsB．whetherbabiescanrememberfeaturesofhiddenobjectsC．whetherbabiesaresurprisedwhentheyfindtheobjectsdisappearD．whybabieslessthantwoyearsdon'tunderstandahiddenobjectstillexist答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，這項(xiàng)研究有助于解釋人類大腦是如何加工有關(guān)物品的信息的。故選A。24．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？A．ANewConcept—ObjectPermanenceB．AllRememberedIsn’tLostC．WhatBabiesRememberAboutObjectsD．ANewStudyonPsychology答案B解析標(biāo)題歸納題?？v觀全文，本文主要講述了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰幼兒有一定的記憶力，一些物體暫時(shí)看不見(jiàn)了，但他們知道這些物體并未消失.BLanguageasaSystemofSymbols(符號(hào))Ofallsystemsofsymbols,languageisthemosthighlydeveloped.Ithasbeenpointedoutthathumanbeings，byagreement，canmakeanythingstandforanything.Humanbeingshaveagreed，inthecourseofcenturiesofmutual(相互的)dependency，toletthevariousnoisesthattheycanproducewiththeirlungs，throats，tongues，teeth，andlipssystematicallystandforcertainhappeningsintheirnervoussystems。Wecallthatsystemofagreementslanguage.Thereisnonecessaryconnectionbetweenthesymbolandthatwhichitstandsfor.Justassocialpositionscanbesymbolizedbyfeatherswornonthehead，bygoldonthewatchchain,orbyathousandotherthingsaccordingtotheculturewelivein，sothefactofbeinghungrycanbesymbolizedbyathousanddifferentnoisesaccordingtotheculturewelivein.Howeverobviousthesefactsmayappearatfirstglance，theyareactuallynotsoobviousastheyseemexceptwhenwetakespecialpainstothinkaboutthesubject.Symbolsandthethingstheystandforareindependentofeachother，yetweallhaveawayoffeelingasif，andsometimesactingasif,therewerenecessaryconnections.Forexample，therearepeoplewhofeelthatforeignlanguagesareunreasonablebynature；foreignershavesuchfunnynamesforthings，andwhycan'ttheycallthingsbytheirrightnames？ThisfeelingexhibitsitselfmoststronglyinthoseEnglishandAmericantouristswhoseemtobelievethattheycanmakethenativesofanycountryunderstandEnglishiftheyshoutloudenough。Likethelittleboywhoisreportedtohavesaid，“Pigsarecalledpigsbecausetheyaresuchdirtyanimals，”theyfeelthatthesymbolisinherently(內(nèi)在地）connectedinsomewaywiththethingssymbolized。eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀語(yǔ)言作為高度發(fā)展了的符號(hào)體系，它與文化有著密切的聯(lián)系。)25．Languageisahighlydevelopedsystemofsymbolsbecausehumanbeings.A．havemadeuseoflanguageforcenturiesB．useournervoussystemstosupportlanguageC．havemadevariousnoisesstandforanyeventsD．canmakeanythingstandforanythingbyagreement答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知選D項(xiàng)。26．Whatcanweconcludefrom