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會(huì)計(jì)資訊角色的演變國(guó)立中興大學(xué)會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)研究所陳育成

RoleofAccountingInformation⊙ StewardshipPerspective

⊙ InformationalPerspective

Market-basedResearch Positiveaccounting

StewardshipPerspectiveBasicAssumption:AccountingEarnings=EconomicEarningsFirm’sintrinsicvaluecouldbecalculatedfromF/SMethodology:DeductiveMainContribution:GAAPInformationalPerspectiveBasicAssumption:F/Sdatafacilitatedecisionmakersandcontractingbetweenparties.(informationalroles)Methodology:InductiveTopics:ReactionofF/SuserBenefitv.s.CostofAccountingInformationInformationalPerspective-Market-basedResearchCapitalassetpricingmodel,CAPMEfficientMarketHypothesis,EMHModernportfoliotheory

TypeofMarket-basedresearch

Market-basedresearch

Forexample:TestsofEMHv.s.MechanisticHypothesis

Kaplan&Roll,1972 Ball,1972 Sunder,1973,1975ExtensionofMechanisticHypothesis

FunctionalfixationhypothesisExtendedFunctionalfixationhypothesis(Hand,1990)

Market-basedresearch

TestsofinformationcontentofA/Calternatives(BeaverandDukes,1972)Testsofearnings/returnrelationship(ERCresearch,goodnews/badnewstesting….)

BallandBrown(1968)

Theyfoundasignificantassociationbetweenthesignofthepricechangesandthesignoftheearningschanges.ImplicationsTimelinessofAnnualreportAnnualreportisnotthesolesourceofinformationavailabletothemarket

Earningvs.ReturnRelationshipResearchdesignissues

AccountingvariableselectionwhyR2usuallylessthan5%(Lev,1989)ShortwindoworlongwindowAccountingvariableselectionEarningsqualityproblemLackoftheoreticalframeworkBottomlineorcomponentsofEarnings/CashFlow(Lipe,1986;LivnatandZarowin,1990)MarketAnomalies

JanuaryEffectMondayEffectSizeEffectPrice/EarningsRatioPostannouncementDriftTheBriloffEffectValueLine(itbeatthemarket?)PositiveAccountingResearch

WattsandZimmerman(1986)developindepththenotionthatmanyofthefirm’scontractsaredefinedintermsoffinancialreportingdata.Bonus

HypothesisDebtCovenantHypothesisPoliticalCostHypothesisEvidence:ZmijiewskiandHagerman(1981)Summary

TherelationshipbetweencapitalmarketandAccountinginformationisnotknee-jerkfashion.(butwhatelse?industry?non-accountinginformation?)Whatmodelanalystuse?(ValueLine)PositiveAccountingTheoryprovidesabasisforunderstandingwhymanagementr

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