模塊-卡美課件-返情管理

RETURNER卡美農(nóng)業(yè)咨 您的國際外1內(nèi)ReasonsandconsequencesofFocus2內(nèi)ReasonsandconsequencesofFocus3返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofTherearemanyreasonstowhyasowreturns,itcanbeduemanagement,diseases,feedingdisorder,stress,hotweatherToknowwhattodoaboutit,weneedtoknowthe4返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofGestationbeginswhentheeggsarefertilizedafter First,theembryosaredistributedinbothuterus Afterthatthefetusesmakecontacttouterus,thisiscalled Thenthefetusesannouncethepregnancy,sothesowdoesnotreturn.5返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Thentheorgansdevelop,afterwhichtheembryoentersthefinalphaseofgrowth. Thefirstmonththeorgansaredeveloped,thenexttheyaredevelopedandmaturedwhilethelastalmosttwomonthsisusedforfetalgrowth.6返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofNormally85%ofthesowsthathavebeenservicedwillTheremaining15%can 4%inthenewestrus y21daysafterthelast8-10%arereturnedorculled While1-3%dieorarekilledbefore7返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofFetussurvivalFetussurvivalDays配種后天8返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Conditionsthatinhibittheearlyembryostageoraffecthormonalandcellularsignalsfromfetusesanduteruswall,leadingtoagreaterextentoffetaldeath. Causeoffetaldeathcanbehereditary,husbandryandfeedingconditionsorinfection.9返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof母豬21天內(nèi)可能原因之一是由于布魯氏菌病，流產(chǎn)可見縫衣線狀的薄膜上1cm長的，此時(shí)在胎膜Abortiononday21isseenforexamplewheninfectedbrucellosis,andthemiscarriageisseenassewingthread-likemembranesinwhichthefetuscanbeseenasasmall1cmlongthickeningonthefetalmembranes.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Abortioninthemiddleofthegestationperiodcanbeseenanumberofinfections,suchaserysipelas,influenzaandby Inthesecases,thefetusesbenormallydevelopedby PPVcaninrarecasescauseabortion,andtheabortedwouldclearlyhavediedatdifferentstagesof返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof ThetypicalsymptomofPRRSisthebirthofweakpigletsadaysbeforeexpected,withmilkshortageinthesow,andthushighpigletmortality. LeptospirosisisjustlikeaPPVinfection/outbreak,itresultsinanabortionofunequaldevelopedfetuses,butweseetheabortionaftergestationday100.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Thesowswithalongestrusarebredonlyafewtimesandearlyintheestrus.Thereasonisthatinmostfarmstheyhaveaservicestrategyoftwobreeding'spersow.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Sowsthatcomeearlyinestrusafterweaninghaveaestrusofmorethan60hoursandareovulatingafterabout40hours. Iftheyareservicedatthestartofestrusand24hoursthereisariskthatthefinalbreedingiscarriedouttooearlyinrelationtoovulation.返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofWhenthesowshavemorethan30-daylactationperiod,isincreasedriskthatthesowscomeintoestrusbefore Ifthisestrusisnotdetected,thesowalthoughitisnotestrusatthistime.Thiswillleadtothesow返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofExtremelyshortorlonglactationperiodwithseveralofthesowsisanindicatorofperiodicoverloadorpoorcontrolofthepressureofthefarrowingunit.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof所有胎次分娩率低的原LowfarrowingrateinallTheproblemiscausedbyafactorthatispresentinalllitter Thiscanbecausedbythefeed,stressduringhousing,poisoning,acuteoutbreaksofdisease,sterileboars,hightemperature/improperhandlingofsemen.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof后備母豬分娩率最低的原因Lowestfarrowingratein引進(jìn)的（也就是最年輕的）公豬群中有不育或 Thereisasterileorlowfertilityboaramongthoserecentlypurchased(andhenceyoungest) Thegiltscouldbeinfectedwithadiseasethatthesowshavealreadyachievedimmunityto(chronicinfectionintheherd).飼養(yǎng)員沒有受過關(guān)于控制和后備母豬配種的培訓(xùn)。Theherdsmanisnottrainedtocontroltheheatandservice返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof第二窩分娩率最低的原因Lowestfarrowingrateinthesecond Thesowsareservicedwithoutheatcontrolonafixedday Sincesecondlittersowsarethelargestgroupofsowsthatarenotinestrusontime,theyarealsothebiggestpartofthesowsintheservicestrategythatareservicedtooearlyrelativetoovulation.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof第二窩母豬斷奶時(shí)的激素治HormonetreatmentofsecondlittersowsatHeatinductionusuallyresultsinaslightlyreducedfarrowingParticularlyifthesowhasbeennursing Thelatterproblemcanbeexplainedbythefactthatevenabriefperiodofstoppedmilkyieldisenoughtoputanewestruscycleinmotionwhichisthereasonanumberofnursingsowsarecyclicat返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof老母豬分娩率最低的原Lowestfarrowingrateinolder HighmortalityamongolderCullingofoldersowsduetonotbeing返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof0-18天 sowcorpusluteumcannotbedissolvedwithin16daysafter這段時(shí)間之后， 溶解到下一 需要2-4天Afterthisittakes2-4daysfromthedissolutionofthecorpusluteumtothenextestrus.有4-6%的返情會發(fā)生在此期間，這種情況可以接受但并不理想Itiscommonthatthe4-6%ofallreturnersaredoneatthisinterval,andthisfrequencyshouldberegardedasacceptablebutnotdesirable.返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofDifferentkindsoferrorscancauseshortservice Thesowwasnotinestrusatfirst Secondbreedingiscarriedoutalreadyatthebeginningofthe返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof19-24天days ThisisthenaturalreturnerintervalofasowthatdidnotpregnantwhenItisexpectedthat30-60%ofallreturnerscanbefoundinthisintervaldependingontheheatcontrolintensity.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Theexplanationofthesereturnerscanbeaproblemwithinseminationormating,includingdefectsinthespermortheboarissterile.Brucellosiscausespersistentreturnerswithnormal3-weekintervals.Miscarriagecanbeseen3-4daysearlier.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof25-30天Prolongedoestrus Itisusuallyseenthat7-10%ofthesowshaveextendedestrus Lessthanfourfertilizedeggintheuteruswillcausereturnerswithregularorextendedreturninterval.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof Mostcommonreasonforprolongedreturnintervalistherehasbeenmatingwithoutproperheatcontrol,sothatthesowhasnotbeeninheatatthefirstservice,butonlyafewdayslater.返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofIrregularNormallyitisseenthatupto8%ofthereturnersareinthis Thereasonsmaybethesameasmentionedunderestrus返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofIfthesowsarefedlessinthefirstmonthafterThiscanleadtotheemptysowsdonotcomeintoheat,butinsteadeacyclic. Whenthefeedstrengthincreases,thesowscomeintoheat 返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof39-44RegularItisacceptablebutnotdesiredthat5percentofthereturnersarethis Elevatedfrequenciesareoftencausedbyalackof3-weekheat Thisoftenmeansthatthemanager/herdsmanisnotcarefulenoughwithheatcontrolandobservationoftheanimals.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof45-79天Late15percentofthereturnerscanbefoundinthisAfterday45,theembryosarenolonger Day45embryois y9cmlong,iftheythiswillmostlybe返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofMostofthesowsthatareemptyafterthisdatehaveprobablyneverbeenpregnant. Itisoftensowsthatarefoundbypregnancytest,andasaresultthattransferbacktotheserviceunitcomeintoheat Thesowsmayhavebeeneitheracyclicortheyhavesimplynotbeenobservedinheatduetopoorcontrol.返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof80天Verylate Thereshouldbenomorethan10%ofsowsthatarereturnerssoSowsthatareemptyduringthisperiodhaveagreatriskofbeingalthoughitdoesnotchangethenon-productivedayswhichtheyhavealreadycaused. Itisrarelyabortionsthathavecausedit,butitcan返情原因Reasons&ConsequenceofPeriodicvariationsmaybeduetorandomvariationswhichcanbeexplainedinafewsowsperperiod.Periodsofpoorperformancecanberelatedtoreplacement,periodsofhighworkload,changeoffeeds,changesinmanagement,outbreaksofdisease,weatherconditions,humidity,badmanagement,返情原因Reasons&Consequenceof天內(nèi)ReasonsandconsequencesofReducingreturnerFocusNon-Productive降低返情率的ReducingreturnerTherearesomemethodsthatcanbeusedtoreducethenumberofCommonforthemallismanagementthatisEnergybalanceoftheMovementoftheanimalsfromserviceunittogestation 降低返情率的ReducingreturnerEnergybalanceoftheIfthesowshavebeenlosingweightduringlactation,thereisincreasedriskofsowswillhaveanegativeenergybalanceintheirFromnatureanimals,theywill epregnantbeforeanimalsbodyconditionisgoodenoughtocarrypregnancy,thisisthesameforsowskeptforfarming.降低返情率的Reducingreturner在哺乳期合理飼喂，保持母豬不減重雖然非常，但還是有Feedingthesowssotheydonotlosebodyweightduringlactationcanbedifficult,butitispossible.Youneedtoknowhowmuchenergyandproteinthereisintheasifthesowcannoteatmanykgoffeed,itwillbenecessarytoincreasethedigestibleenergyandproteinlevels,thisshouldbediscusswiththenutritionist.Thenthesowwillneedtoeatlessfeedbutgetenoughenergyprotein,especiallyamino降低返情率的ReducingreturnerAddingtoomuchdigestibleproteinduringlactationcancauseproblemsforthesows,especiallyifthemixofAminoacidsisnotcorrect,thesowsthenneedstouseenergytoexcretetheexcessaminoacids.降低返情率的Reducingreturner Estruslengthisimportanttoknow,becauseyoucanmakemistakesifyoudonotknowthelengthoftheestrus.時(shí)候需要配種，這樣飼養(yǎng)員就應(yīng)該看這是不是問題所在，因此他應(yīng)該制定控制計(jì)劃表，以便檢查期的Thequestionisiftheherdsmanisgoodenoughtoknowthesowsneedservice,sotheherdsmanshouldinvestigateifthiswastheproblem,thereforetheherdsmancanintroduceaheatcontroltabletodetectthestartandendofestrusonthe降低返情率的ReducingreturnerIfyoudonotknowhowlongthefarmsaverageestruslengthis,youcanintroduceheatcontroltableintheherd. 母豬\星期星期星期星期星期Post后Post后pre前Pre前Post后Post后降低返情率的ReducingreturnerMovingthesowsafterservicemustbedoneinaquietandnonstressway,butalsoatthecorrecttime.EmbryoDevelopment胚胎發(fā)Overviewofembryonicdevelopment胚胎發(fā)育過1Theeggisfertilized卵細(xì)2Eggcelldividesfirsttime卵初次分3Eggcellsdividesthesecondtime.Eggnowconsistsof4卵再次分化，變?yōu)?個(gè)細(xì)胞6-Eggleavetheprotectivefilm脫離保護(hù)10-Fetalblistersgrowtoadiameterof1cm.Theeggsaredistributedintheuterus胚泡長到直徑一厘米大，卵分布在角降低返情率的ReducingreturnerEmbryoDevelopment胚胎發(fā)Day胚胎發(fā)育過程10-Embryoblistersextendedto1meterlongthreads,locatedeachinitsownareaoftheuterus.Ifthereareatthistimelessthantwoembryosineachofthetwouterushorns,thesowwillbeinestrusonday2113-和胎膜形成接觸（著床Increasedbloodflowinthecontact連接區(qū)血流量增Theplacentadevelops.胎盤開始發(fā)Fetalorgansaredeveloped.發(fā)降低返情率的Reducingreturner配種后兩2daysafter18天18dayold胎膜中2525dayoldfetusinfetal降低返情率的ReducingreturnerThereforethesowsBemovedstraightafterservice(0-3Orwaituntil4weeksafterAlwaysmovetheminaquiet內(nèi)ReasonsandconsequencesofReducingreturnerFocusNon-Productive須關(guān)注的母FocusDistributionofreturnersintervalsfor2,738returner間1.一總465967789須關(guān)注的母FocusSowstowhichthereshouldbeahigherfocus2.litterSowsthathavebeennursingSowsthathavehadalongnursingperiod