Unit7講義 八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)

Unit7講義魯教版八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)1、掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的語法2、學(xué)會(huì)描述自己過去的經(jīng)歷3、掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的一些重點(diǎn)詞匯和重要句型，并能靈活運(yùn)用4、amuse

vt.使歡樂;使發(fā)笑；【拓展】

（1）amusement

n.

娛樂，消遣；They

often

sing

for

their

own

amusement.

他們常常唱歌自娛。

（2）娛樂活動(dòng)Reading

and

seeing

movies

are

my

amusements.

閱讀和看電影是我的娛樂活動(dòng)。5、fear

v.

害怕；擔(dān)心Many

people

fear

change

because

they

do

not

like

the

old

ways

to

be

changed.

很多人懼怕變化，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌矚g舊有的生活方式被改變。【辨析】afraid

adj.害怕的；擔(dān)心的be

afraid

of+doing

sth.

害怕做某事I

am

afraid

of

going

out

at

night.我害怕晚上出去。be

afraid

that+從句

恐怕...

I

am

afraid

that

you

have

to

call

him

now.恐怕你得現(xiàn)在就給他打電話。6、seem

v.

“好像，似乎”

【搭配】(1)seem其后加形容詞。He

seems

unhappy

today.他今天好像不高興。She

seems

very

sad.

她似乎很傷心。(2)

seem

+

(to

be)

+

n.They

seem

(to

be)

doctors.

他們好像是醫(yī)生。(3)

seem

+

(to

be)

+

介詞

It

seems

like

years

since

I

last

saw

her.

自從上次遇到她,好像已過了許多年。(4)

seem

to

do.He

seems

to

be

happy.

他好像很高興。My

mother

seemed

to

know

that.

我媽媽好像知道那件事。(5)It

seems

that

+

從句It

seems

that

he

is

happy.=

He

seems

(to

be)

happy.他好像很快樂。7、attract

v.吸引（1）用作及物動(dòng)詞，可直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語。The

noise

attracted

his

attention.喧嚷聲引起了他的注意。（2）

attract常用于be

attracted

to

sb

/

sth結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“喜愛某人或某物”。I’m

very

attracted

to

her.我非常喜歡她。8、quarter

n.

四分之一；一刻鐘

three

quarters

四分之三I’ve

got

to

go

in

a

quarter

of

an

hour.

一刻鐘以后我就得走了。9、wake

v.

醒來；喚醒

過去式--woke

過去分詞--wokenShe

went

upstairs

to

wake

John.她上樓去叫醒約翰?！敬钆洹縲ake

sb.

up

叫醒某人Don’t

wake

him

up.不要叫醒他。10、discover

v.發(fā)現(xiàn)（1）作“發(fā)現(xiàn)”講時(shí)，作及物動(dòng)詞，后跟名詞作賓語，指的是那些原已存在的，但不為人知的物或事等They

discovered

him

stealing

public

property.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他盜竊公共財(cái)產(chǎn)。Who

discovered

the

America?誰發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲？（2）discover還可意為“知道事實(shí)，答案”I

soon

discovered

the

truth.

不久我便知道了真相11、encourage

sb.

to

do

sth.

鼓勵(lì)某人做某事My

father

encouraged

me

to

take

part

in

the

sports

meeting.父親鼓勵(lì)我參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。12、on

the

one

hand…

on

the

other

hand一方面……另一方面……On

the

one

hand,

she

taught

English,

on

the

other

hand

she

learned

Chinese.

她一方面教英語,

一方面學(xué)習(xí)漢語。13、This

means

that

you

can

find

Disney

characters

all

over

the

roller

coaster.那意味著你會(huì)在旱冰場上到處看見迪斯尼的知名人物。

【用法】(1)mean表示“意味著”用來表示人的言論或行為，某一標(biāo)志或詞語的意思所指。What

do

you

mean?

你的話是什么意思。

What

does

this

word

mean?=What's

the

meaning

of

this

word?這個(gè)詞是什么意思？

(2)意欲，打算

He

means

to

go

tomorrow.他打算明天去。

He

meant

no

harm;

he

only

meant

to

help.他沒有惡意，僅想幫忙。(3)有意義，有價(jià)值，常和much,

little等連用。

His

work

means

a

lot

of

him.

他的工作對(duì)他意義很大。

It

doesn't

mean

a

thing

to

her

that

we

are

all

waiting

because

she's

late.因?yàn)樗t到我們都在等他，可他卻認(rèn)為這不是什么大不了的事。14、The

old

computers

were

much

bigger.

這些舊電腦要大得多?！居梅ā縨uch可修飾形容詞比較級(jí)，表示……得多。

much

richer，a

little,

even,

a

bit也可以修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。

15、Watching

the

tea

preparation

is

just

as

enjoyable

as

drinking

the

tea

itself.看沏茶的過程和飲茶本身一樣令人愉快?！就卣埂?able是一個(gè)典型的形容詞后綴,

可加在動(dòng)詞之后,

表示“可…..的;

能夠……的”。此處enjoyable(能使人快樂的;

令人愉快的)

便是一例,

再如:drinkable(可飲用的),

washable(可洗的),

readable(可讀的),

usable(可用的;

可使用的)等等。16、The

most

interesting

museum

I’ve

been

to

is

the

American

Computer

Museum.我去過的最有趣的博物館是美國電腦博物館。多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞最高級(jí)加most構(gòu)成，前面加the。the

most

beautiful

girl

最漂亮的女孩。17、I've

never

been

to

an

amusement

park

like

it

before.我以前從未去過那樣的露天游樂場。(1)副詞never作“永不，決不”解，表示全部否定，一般指經(jīng)常性的狀態(tài)，不用于修飾一次性的具體動(dòng)作；一般位于系動(dòng)詞及助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，如修飾動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞，則要放在不定式或分詞之前；never可用于句首加強(qiáng)語氣，其后的句子要主謂倒裝。I

can

never

understand

why

Mary

said

nothing

about

her

wrongs.我絕不理解瑪麗說的她什么也沒有做錯(cuò)。I

hope

never

to

see

him

again．

我希望再也不要見到他。He

is

never

late

for

class．

他上課從不遲到。Never

have

l

seen

such

a

strange

person．

我從來沒看見過這樣的怪人。(2)before用作副詞表示“以前”。泛指“以前”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞可用一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生過，，也可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。用于特指時(shí)通常置于表示具體時(shí)間的名詞之后。We

saw

that

film

before.

那部電影我們以前看過。I

have

never

seen

such

a

beautiful

scene.

我從來沒有見過這樣美麗的景象。It

came

across

my

mind

that

l

had

met

him

somewhere

before.我突然意識(shí)到我曾在什么地方見過他。18、—Have

you

ever

been

to

a

water

park?你曾去過水上公園嗎？—No，I

haven’t.

不，沒去過。—Me，neither.

我也沒去過?！居梅ā?1)have

been

to表示某人“去過某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了”，可用于各種人稱。I

have

been

to

the

Summer

Palace.

我去過頤和園。Have

you

ever

been

to

Shanghai?

你曾經(jīng)去過上海嗎？I

have

never

been

to

the

city.

我從沒去過那座城市。(2)副詞ever意為“曾經(jīng)，以前，無論何時(shí)”表示一個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間。主要用于否定句、疑問句、條件句、比較句等。Have

you

ever

been

to

Paris?

你曾去過巴黎嗎?We

hardly

ever

go

out

at

night.

我們晚上很少出去。(3)本句中Me，neither.

是口語化的簡略回答。一般情況下用Neither

have

I，為“neither

+

系/助/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)，neither在此意為“也不……”，表示主語所做的動(dòng)作與前面提到過的人或事相同，是為了避免語言重復(fù)，其中的系/助/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上與前一句保持一致，而在數(shù)上要與其后的主語一致。例如：—

I

can’t

swim.

我不會(huì)游泳。

—

Neither

can

I.

我也不會(huì)。I

don’t

want

to

go,

neither

will

I.

我不想去，也不會(huì)去。He

didn’t

go

to

school.

Neither

did

she.

他沒去上學(xué)，她也沒去。(4)若在肯定句中表示“也……”，則要用“so

+系/助/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”。I

am

a

student，so

is

my

sister.

我是學(xué)生，我妹妹也是學(xué)生。He

can

swim，so

can

I.

他會(huì)游泳，我也會(huì)。I

feel

happy，so

does

he.

我高興，他也高興。19、I

wonder

how

much

more

computer

will

be

able

to

do

in

the

future.不知道將來電腦還能夠做些什么事情呢?！居梅ā縲onder

表示“

(對(duì)某事)感到疑惑；想要知道；想弄明白；琢磨”，后面常接由what,how,

who

或者if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。I

wonder

how

they’re

getting

on.

我想知道他們現(xiàn)在過得怎樣。

I

just

wonder

if

they’ve

arrived

safely.

我就想知道他們是否安全抵達(dá)了。(2)

此句從句部分的原始結(jié)構(gòu)是:

How

much

more

will

computers

be

able

to

do

in

the

future?

是對(duì)陳述句Computers

will

be

able

to

do

(much)

more

in

the

future.(電腦將來能夠做更多的事情。)的提問。由于充當(dāng)了賓語從句,

疑問結(jié)構(gòu)改成了陳述結(jié)構(gòu):how

much

more

computers

will

be

able

to

do

in

the

future,

即:

將助動(dòng)詞還原到陳述句的位置。I

don’t

know

when

he

will

come.我不知道他什么時(shí)候來。I

don’t

know

where

he

lives.

我不知道他住在哪里。It

also

encourages

governments

and

social

groups

to

think

about

ways

to…20、I

learned

about

the

inventions

that

led

to

color

movies,

too.

我還了解了一些發(fā)明，它們成就了彩色電影?！居梅ā看颂巐earn是“了解；獲知；得知”的意思，由介詞about或of引入所獲知的具體內(nèi)容。例如：The

children

were

all

shocked

to

learn

of

the

death

of

their

headmaster.

得知校長去世，孩子們都十分震驚。I

only

learned

about

the

accident

later.

我只是后來才得知了事故的情況。21、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

（1）構(gòu)成

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由have的人稱形式加動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。它的肯定式、否定式及疑問式如下：肯定式

否定式

疑問式

I

(We,

You,

They

)

have

done

it.

He

(She)

has

done

it.

I

(We,

You,

They)

have

not

done

it.

He

(She)

has

not

done

it.

Have

you

(they,

I

,

we)

done

it?

Has

he

(she)

done

it?

（2）用法

a．表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響。She

has

been

ill

for

three

days.

He

has

already

left.

b．表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

We've

known

each

other

since

we

were

children.

注意：

在用already,

yet,

just,

ever,

never，so

far,

before

等副詞作狀語時(shí)，或者由for,

since引起的短語作狀語或狀語從句時(shí)，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。區(qū)別：

①for＋表示一段時(shí)間的詞語

②since＋表示過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語

③since＋表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句

④since＋一段時(shí)間＋ago.

常見終止性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換形式如下:1、borrow

/

lend→keep,

2、buy→have,

3、finish

/

end→be

over,

4、begin

/

start→be

on

5、open→be

open

6、

close→be

closed,

7、die→be

dead8、arrive

/come

/

go

/

move

/

reach

/get

to→be

in

/at

/

be

here

/be

there,9、leave→be

away（from）

10、go

to

school→be

in

school

/

be

a

student,

11、get

up→be

up,

12、fall

asleep→be

asleep

13、fall

ill→be

ill

14、get

to

know→know,

15、lose→be

lost

16、become→be

17、begin

to

study→study,18、return

/

come

back

/

get

back→be

back

19、join→be

in

/

be

a…member,20、join

the

army→be

in

the

army

/be

a

soldier

21、receive

/

get

a

letter→have

a

letter

22、

catch

/

get

a

cold→have

a

cold1）have

(