【課件】Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures不定式作定語和狀語課件-2021-2022學(xué)年高中英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

Book3Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructuresLearningObjectivesBytheendoftheclass,you’llbeableto:1.studyinfinitivesastheattributiveandadverbial2.useinfinitivesastheattributiveandadverbialStep1Lead-in1.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot.2.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.3.Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.4.Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdreamtoexplorespace.5.On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Whatarethefunctionsoftheunderlinedpart?Step1Lead-in1.Lookingupatthestars,peoplehavealwayswanted

tolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofind

answers.2.Theymake

vehicles

tocarry

bravepeopleintospaceto

find

out

thesecretsofthe

universe.3.Forexample,America'sNASAspace

agency

launchedVoyager1on5September1977

tostudy

deepspace,anditstilltransmits

data

today.Findmoreexamplesfromthisunit.

4.Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadand

disappointed,

butthe

desire

toexplore

theuniverseneverdied.5.Chinabecame

thethirdcountryintheworldto

independentlysend

humansinto

spacein2003,whenYangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthinthe

Shenzhou5spacecraft.6.This

signalled

onestepfurtherinChina’splanto

establish

aspacestationinthefuture.

Step2Presentation不定式的定義

不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式,

由“todo

”構(gòu)成，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨(dú)立作謂語。

動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，同時(shí)保留動(dòng)詞的特征，在句子中可以作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)Step2PresentationStep3

作定語1.

Ihavenodesiretowrite.2.

TheSmithswerethefirsttoarrive.3.Therewasnothingtobedone.4.

Ihavealottosay.5.

Ihavenoideawheretogo.6.TheconferencetotakeplaceinShanghainextweekisofgreatimportance.句子成分用法不定式在句中中作___________1.可修飾：2.多置于被修飾詞___________3.多表示_____________的動(dòng)作。觀察總結(jié)定語名詞或者代詞之后作后置定語未來的Step3

作定語1.Pleasemakeanefforttocatchthebus.2.Hemadeapromisetocomehereontimetomorrow.3.Ihavenodesiretowrite.4.thankstoyourencouragement,Ifinallygotthecouragetofacethechallenge.5.Hisabilitytogetonwellwithpeopleishischiefadvantage.總結(jié)1.抽象名詞ability,aim,attempt,right,chance,opportunity,way,courage,decision,hope,wish,dream等后常用不定式作定語。觀察總結(jié)高考鏈接語法填空Thiscanbeusefulforbusinesssuchasrestaurantsandsttoresbecauseitoffersanewway_____________(attract)customers.toattract

Step3

作定語1.ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.2.Youaretheonlypersontobelateforsuchanimportantmeeting.3.Itisrecognizedthatheisthebestmantodothejob.4.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.總結(jié)2.序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)和thelast/theonly/thenext等后或被這些詞修飾的名詞后常用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。觀察總結(jié)高考鏈接語法填空(全國Ⅰ卷語法填空改編)Chinahasbecomethefirstcountry________(land)aspacecraftonthefarsideofthe

moon.toland

Step3

作定語1.Ihavenothingtofearbutfearitself.2.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?3.Thereisnothingtoworryabout/tobeworriedabout.總結(jié)3.somthing,nothing,anything等不定代詞后常用動(dòng)詞不定式。4.在therebe句型中，作主語的名詞后可接不定式作定語，不定式用主動(dòng)式或者被動(dòng)式均可。Step3

作定語1.Givemeapen

towritewith.2.Heislookingforaroom

tolivein.3.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.4.Hereisapieceofpaperforyoutowriteon.總結(jié)5.作定語的動(dòng)詞不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。Step3

主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)？1.Weneedsomeonetohelpwiththework.2.Thecompetitiontobeheldnextyearwillsurelyattractmanyinternationaltourists.3.Tomhasalargefamilytosupport.總結(jié)1.不定式的動(dòng)詞與被修飾詞存在主謂關(guān)系，用不定式的主動(dòng)式；2.不定式作定語時(shí)，如果和前面的名詞存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，則用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。3.如果句子主語發(fā)出不定時(shí)的動(dòng)作，即使不定式和前面的名詞存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，也多用不定式的被動(dòng)式。觀察總結(jié)高考鏈接1.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain___________.(天津高考)A.catchingB.caughtC.tocatchD.tobecaught2.Theairport________________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthsiarea.CtobecompletedStep4

作狀語1.Scientistsworkhardtofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.2.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.3.Youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.4.I'mafraidthewholeprocessistoocomplicatedtoexplaininafewwords.5.Weweresurprisedtofindthathehadalreadyleft.觀察總結(jié)句子成分用法不定式在句中作______________1.可表示：________________2.常見結(jié)構(gòu)有：目的、結(jié)果或原因狀語inordertodoadj+enoughtodo/tootodoStep4

作狀語1.Tolearnalanguagewell,youmustmakepaintstakingefforts.2.Heranfastallthewaysoastocatchthefirstbus.3.Inordertopasstheexam,heworkedhardtillmidnight.動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，可位于句首或者句末，

常用結(jié)構(gòu)有inorderto和soasto,但soasto不可位于句首。

高考鏈接1._____________uspreparefortheexam,theteacheresuggestedreadingthroughoutnotes.(天津高考)A.TohelpB.HelpedC.HelpingD.Beinghelped2.Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallance,oftencameover__________(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.（2021浙江語法填空改編）Atoplant1.Iamsoexcited

tobe

here!2.Iammorethandelighted

tobe

withyou!3.Sheisproud

tohavewonthefirstplace.4.Heisglad

tobeinvitedtothemeeting.

動(dòng)詞不定式作原因狀語，常用于“主語+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，此類形容詞多是anxious,glad,excited,disappointed,lucky,proud,sorry,shocked,worried等表示喜怒哀樂的形容詞。Step4

作狀語1.Heboughtabookandwassurprised_________(find)apictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesamegardenashisfather’spainting.2.Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy_________(watch)anythingthathappenedtobeon.tofindtowatchStep4

作狀語1.Yesterday,Iwenttoseeheronlytolearnthatshehadgoneabroadaweekbefore.2.Thetravelerlookedupsuddenlytofindaleopardinthetree.3.Helefthishometownwhenshewasten,nevertoreturn.動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語，常常含有“令人意想不到”的意思，其中“使人不愉快的結(jié)果”較為常見。動(dòng)詞不定式之前有時(shí)可以加上only或butonly,以加強(qiáng)語氣。Step4

作狀語高考鏈接Georgereturnedafterthewar,only__________(tell)thathiswifehadlefthim.tobetoldStep5

語篇演練 Hello,mydearfriends!Iamgreatlyhonoured________(share)theeventwithyou.Thethemeoftheactivityis___________(introduce)Chinesetraditionalculture.Duringthismonth,therewillbevariousactivitiesforyou____________(experience)therichandcolourfulChineseculture.Youwillhaveachance___________(make)paper-cuttingor____________(appreciate)Chinesearts. Therewillbesomelecturesforyou_________(attend),_______isbeneficialtoyourunderstandingaboutChina.________(learn)moreaboutChina,don’thesitate_________(contact)usandbethefirst________(sign)upfortheactivity.tosharetointroducetoexperiencetomaketoappreciatetoattendwhichTolearntocontacttosignStep5語篇演練Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal_________(achieve).Oneoftheproblemsisthatthetripwouldtakeaverylongtime.Forexample,__________(use)currenttechno