model 5 unit 3 知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)

Unit3Scienceandnature☆重點(diǎn)單詞☆1．a(chǎn)dopt(adopts/adopted/adopted/adopting)vt.收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；采用，采納(議案、意見等)同/近義詞：follow/takein溫馨提示：(構(gòu)詞法)adopt/adaptadopt＝ad＋opt,詞根ad-有“做……，加強(qiáng)……”之意。而opt是動(dòng)詞“選擇”的意思，它的名詞option是我們很熟悉的。合起來就是“做出選擇”即“采用”之意。這樣就不會(huì)把它記成adapt了。

adapt＝ad＋apt，詞根ad-有“做……，加強(qiáng)……”之意。apt是形容詞“合適的”，合起來就是“做點(diǎn)什么使之合適”即“使適應(yīng)”的意思了。常用搭配：adapt...to...“使適合，使適應(yīng)”；adapt...for...“為……改編”。如：Shehadtoadaptherselftolocalconditions.她必須使自己適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)氐那闆r。ThisEnglishnovelwasadaptedforthestage.這部小說被改編成了劇本。必記搭配：adoptmeasures/newmethods/anidea采取措施/采用新辦法/采納意見adoptaresolution通過一項(xiàng)議案anadoptedson養(yǎng)子adoptedwords外來詞2．succeed(succeeds/succeeded/succeeded/succeeding)vi.成功，獲得成功vt.接替，繼任，繼承，繼續(xù)，替代同/近義詞：achieve/accomplish溫馨提示：successn.成功successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.成功地succeedindoingsth.＝managetodosth.＝was/wereabletodosth.成功地做了困難的事必記搭配：succeedinsth./doingsth.成功地做了某事succeedsb.(as)．..接任某人做……succeedwiththepublic受公眾歡迎3．majority(pl.majorities)n．[C，U]大部分，大多數(shù)，超過半數(shù)同/近義詞：mass/most反義詞：minority溫馨提示：majority強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)團(tuán)體中的每一個(gè)分子，則動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：Themajoritywas/wereinfavouroftheproposal.majority常與of連用，themajorityof后可接單數(shù)名詞，也可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與of后面的名詞相一致。Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.大部分的損害很容易修復(fù)。Themajorityofteachersareyoungmen.大多數(shù)的教師是年輕人。必記搭配：beinthe/amajority占大多數(shù)byamajorityof以……的多數(shù)票4．consequence(pl.consequences)n．結(jié)果，后果，重要性，影響同/近義詞：result/effect/outcome必記搭配：take/suffer/face/dealwiththeconsequencesof承擔(dān)后果，自作自受answerfortheconsequences對(duì)后果負(fù)責(zé)inconsequence因此，結(jié)果(＝asaconsequence＝asaresult)in(asa)consequenceof因?yàn)?，由?＝becauseof＝asaresultof)4．consequence(pl.consequences)n．結(jié)果，后果，重要性，影響同/近義詞：result/effect/outcome必記搭配：take/suffer/face/dealwiththeconsequencesof承擔(dān)后果，自作自受answerfortheconsequences對(duì)后果負(fù)責(zé)inconsequence因此，結(jié)果(＝asaconsequence＝asaresult)in(asa)consequenceof因?yàn)椋捎?＝becauseof＝asaresultof)5．favour(favours/favoured/favoured/favouring)n．偏愛，偏袒；贊同，支持；恩惠，幫助vt.支持，贊同；偏愛，偏袒；有利于，有助于同義詞：prefer溫馨提示：favourableadj.贊成的；稱贊的；高興的favouriteadj.最喜歡的；最喜愛的必記搭配：dosb.afavour/doafavourforsb.幫某人忙askafavourofsb.請(qǐng)某人幫忙infavour受寵愛，受歡迎，流行insb.’sfavour對(duì)某人有利infavourof支持，贊同outoffavour失寵，不再受歡迎6．frighten(frightens/frightened/frightened/frightening)vt.使驚嚇，使恐懼同義詞：terrify/scare溫馨提示：befrightenedtodosth.不敢去做某事，指行為上不敢做；而befrightenedofdoing害怕做某事，指心理上恐懼做某事。必記搭配：odoingsth.嚇得某人做……frightensb.outofdoingsth.嚇得某人不做……frightenaway嚇跑，嚇走befrightenedat/by對(duì)……害怕infright驚恐的befrightenedtodosth.不敢去做某事befrightenedofdoing害怕做某事【運(yùn)用提升】Ⅰ.從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。()1.It’sunwiseofyounotto________hissuggestion.You’llregretitsoonerorlate.A．a(chǎn)daptB．a(chǎn)doptC．a(chǎn)dmitD．a(chǎn)dmire1．B。adopt“采納，接受”；adapt“適應(yīng)；改編”；admit“承認(rèn)，允許進(jìn)入”；admire“欽佩”。句意“你不采納他的建議是不明智的。你遲早會(huì)后悔的?！?/p>

()2.Manyhouseswerecompletelydestroyedinthehurricanewhichstruckthearealastweek.________，thevictimshadtoliveinthetemporarysheltersofferedbytheRedCross.A．AsaresultofB．AsaconsequenceC．AsusualD．Asfor2．B。asaresultof“因?yàn)?，由于”；asaconsequence“因此，結(jié)果”；asusual“跟往常一樣”；asfor“關(guān)于，至于”。

()3.MyEnglishteacherisreallyverykind.I’llneverforgetthe________hehasdoneforme.A．favourB．deedC．helpD．value3．A。doafavourforsb“幫某人忙”。句意“我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他給我的幫助?！?/p>

()4.Youmightwonderhowit________tolivewithouteatingforsomanymonths.A．keepsB．succeedsC．managesD．tries4．C。此處表示“它如何能成功做到幾個(gè)月不吃東西還存活下來”。“設(shè)法做到”可以用succeedindoingsth.或者managetodosth.所以答案為C。

()5.Thenumberofstudentsinourclass________63andthemajorityofthem________cleverandworkhard.A．is；isB．a(chǎn)re；areC．is；areD．a(chǎn)re；is5．C。thenumberof...“……的數(shù)量”，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，themajorityof...“大多數(shù)”，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于of后的名詞或代詞，故此題選C。

()6.Shewasnotfrightened________withstrangers,butshewasfrightened________withMr.Greentonight,becauseshethoughthimdangerous.A．ofdancing;ofdancingB．todance;ofdancingC．todance;todanceD．ofdancing;todance6．D。befrightenedtodosth“不敢去做某事”，指行為上不敢做；而befrightenedofdoing“害怕做某事”，指心理上恐懼做某事。Ⅱ.中譯英：1．自從商標(biāo)變化以來，產(chǎn)品獲利是以前的兩倍。(profit)______________________________________________2．新的教學(xué)方式贏得了中學(xué)生的極大支持。(favour)______________________________________________3．有趣的是，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家采取的解決辦法是一樣的。(adopt)______________________________________________1．Sincethechangeofthebrandname,theproducthasgainedtwiceasbigaprofitasbefore.2．Thenewteachingapproachhaswongreatfavourinmiddleschoolstudents.3．Interestingly,thesolutionadoptedinthesetwocountrieswasthesame.4．科技的進(jìn)步有時(shí)會(huì)無可避免地導(dǎo)致人們道德的缺失。(resultin)_________________________________________5．他恐嚇那位老人把所有的錢都給了他。(frighten)_________________________________________4．Sometimestheadvancementofscienceandtechnologywillinevitablyresultinthelossofpeople'smoralstandards.5．Hefrightenedtheoldmanintogivinghimallthemoney.1．根據(jù)個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)

apersonalnote短語(yǔ)會(huì)友照某人看來

one'sopinion就某人而言

one'spart據(jù)我所知

Iknow就……而言

oninonasfarasasfaras...beconcerned2．指出point

短語(yǔ)會(huì)友指著point

指向point

切中要點(diǎn)

point偏離要點(diǎn)

point就要做……之時(shí)

point

做……沒有意義

point

談?wù)}

tothepointoutattototheofftheat/ontheofdoingsth.thereisnoindoingcome3．一方面

(the)onehand短語(yǔ)會(huì)友另一方面

hand在手邊

hand手工做的

hand分發(fā)，散發(fā)hand

上交，遞交hand

和某人握手

hands

幫某人忙

hand傳下來，流傳hand

手拉手hand

hand第一手，親自

hand第二手，間接地

hand

onontheotheratbyoutinshakewithsb.give/lendsb.adownin(at)first(at)second4．把……當(dāng)兒戲；玩弄

with短語(yǔ)會(huì)友與……沖突，抵觸

with(偶爾)遇見；碰到；遭受

with同意，和……意見一致

with與……相聯(lián)合

with處理，對(duì)付；論述，涉及

with處理；對(duì)待____with與……相比

with以……裝備

with以……結(jié)束

with以……開始

with

toyconflictmeetagreecombinedealdocompareequipendbegin【運(yùn)用提升】Ⅰ.從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。()1.Seeingthestudentsworkinghardallthetime,theteacher________thatallworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.A．worksoutB．pointsoutC．makesoutD．turnsout1．B。workout“解答；鍛煉”；pointout“指出”；makeout“弄清楚；理解”；turnout“結(jié)果是，原來是”。句意“看到學(xué)生一直都非常用功，老師便指出：只會(huì)工作不會(huì)玩耍，聰明孩子也會(huì)變傻?！?/p>

()2.Thecitygovernmentis________theeconomicreformssoastoimproveallthepeople’slife.A．pushingaheadB．pushedonC．pushingthroughD．pushingaheadwith2．D。pushaheadwith“全力推進(jìn)”；pushon“推動(dòng)，推進(jìn)”；pushthrough“擠著穿過”。句意“市政府正努力推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革以改善人們的生活。”

()3.Whileshewastalkingonthephone,she________herpencil.A．involvedwithB．connectedwithC．toyedwithD．comparedwith3．C。toywith“玩弄”；involvewith“與……有密切聯(lián)系”；connectwith“與……聯(lián)系”；comparewith“與……比較”。句意“她一邊聽電話，一邊擺弄鉛筆。”

()4.________nopointinbeatingaroundthebush.Let’s________.A．It’s;comestraighttothepointB．There’s;cometothepointC．Thereis;gettothepointD．Thatis;reachthepoint4．B。Thereisnopointindoingsth“做……沒意義”；cometothepoint“談?wù)}”。句意“拐彎抹角沒什么意思，讓我們談?wù)}吧！”

()5.Heisanableman,but________hedemandstoomuchofpeople.A．a(chǎn)fterallB．a(chǎn)saresultC．inreturnD．ontheotherhand5．D。ontheotherhand“另一方面”；afterall“畢竟”；asaresult“因此，結(jié)果”；inreturn“作為回報(bào)”。句意“他是個(gè)能干的人，但另一方面，他對(duì)人要求太苛刻?！雹?根據(jù)句意，從所提供的詞組中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~組填入相關(guān)的句中。注意詞形的變化。1．Assomescientists________，humancloningisnotnecessarilyharmfultous.2．Hisspeechconfirmedthathewasourplan.3．Anyonewho________thelawwillpaydearlyforhisstupidbehaviorsoonerorlater.4．Asaseniorhighstudent,theonlythingyoushoulddoistomasteringasmuchknowledgeasyoucan.5．Ithinkscientistsshouldstopcloninghumans.________，doingsoisagainstourmoralideas.pointout

inagreementwith

toyswith

concentrateon

Afterall

6．CouldyouthecivilwartakingplaceinthatAfricancountry?7．________，Susaniswarm－h(huán)eartedandeasy－going,butsometimesshecanbealittlestubborn.8．TicketsfortheconcertgivenbyLangLangare________attheboxoffice.Let’shurrytoqueueup.9．Humancloningcanhelpthosewhocan’thaveababy,but,it’sagainstthenaturelaw.10．HehasdecidedtogoabroadtostudyimprovinghisEmenton

Ingeneral

forsale

ontheotherhand

withtheintentionof

☆關(guān)鍵句型及慣用法☆1．“Iamanxioustohaveachildofmyown”，shesays.“Idon'twanttoadoptsomeoneelse'schild－ifIhadthechance,Iwouldhaveaclonedbabyrightnow.”(P42，L22－24)譯：她說：“我非常想要有一個(gè)我自己的孩子。我不愿意領(lǐng)養(yǎng)別人的孩子——如果有機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)馬上要一個(gè)克隆嬰兒?！本渲衖f引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句，表示與現(xiàn)在相反的事實(shí)。If引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句歸納：If條件句謂語(yǔ)形式

主句謂語(yǔ)形式

與現(xiàn)在相反的事實(shí)

過去時(shí)(be的過去時(shí)用were)

would＋do

與過去相反的事實(shí)

haddone

wouldhavedone

與將來相反的事實(shí)

①過去時(shí)(be的過去時(shí)用were)②should＋do③were＋todo

would＋do

Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.如果沒有水和空氣，地球上就不會(huì)有生物。Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會(huì)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtalktohim.如果他明天來這兒的話，我就跟他談?wù)??！境脽岽蜩F】中譯英：①如果換了我是你，我會(huì)接受他的邀請(qǐng)。______________________________________②如果我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)出發(fā)，就不會(huì)趕不上這趟列車了。______________________________________③如果我有時(shí)間，下周我就去看你。______________________________________【答案】①IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisinvitation.②Ifwehadstartedearlier,wewouldnothavemissedthetrain.③IfIhadtime,Iwouldgotoseeyounextweek.思考：(1)if條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣可省略if，然后采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，你知道怎樣變化嗎？__________________________________________【答案】當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有were，should，had時(shí)，if可以省略，這時(shí)條件從句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把were，should，had等詞置于句首，這種多用于書面語(yǔ)。如：Shouldheagreetogothere，wewouldsendhimthere.要是他答應(yīng)去的話，我們就派他去。Wereshehere，shewouldagreewithus.如果她在這兒的話，她會(huì)同意我們的。Hadhelearntaboutcomputers，wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere.如果他懂一些電腦知識(shí)的話，我們已經(jīng)聘用他來這里工作了。(2)如果主句和if條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，主句和從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式該如何變化？_______________________________________【答案】有時(shí)候，如果主句和if條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)各自所指的時(shí)間來選擇相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞形式，這種虛擬條件句叫錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句。①?gòu)木涞膭?dòng)作與過去事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事實(shí)不符。IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.如果我在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的話，我現(xiàn)在也會(huì)成為一個(gè)工程師了。Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.如果他們通知過我們的話，我們現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)來這里了。②從句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與過去事實(shí)不符。如：Ifhewerefreetoday,wewouldhavesenthimtoBeijing.如果他今天有空的話，我們已經(jīng)派他去北京了。Ifheknewher,hewouldhavegreetedher.要是他認(rèn)識(shí)她的話，他肯定會(huì)去問候她了。(3)除了用if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句外，有時(shí)可用一些介詞或副詞表示隱含的虛擬條件句，你能寫出來嗎？________________________________________【答案】有時(shí)候without,butfor,otherwise等詞可表示隱含的虛擬條件句。如：Butforhishelp，wewouldbeworkingnow.要不是他的幫助，我們還會(huì)在工作呢。Withoutyourinstruction，Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.要是沒有你的指導(dǎo)，我不會(huì)取得如此大的進(jìn)步。Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber，otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.我們不知道他的電話號(hào)碼，否則我們就會(huì)給他打電話。2．Youwilloftenbeamazedtodiscoverthatwhatconfusedyouatfirstmakessenseuponfurtherreadings.(P43，Readingstrategy)譯：你經(jīng)常會(huì)驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過更進(jìn)一步的閱讀，原來不明白的地方也就弄懂了。本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在句中做主語(yǔ)。AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,whatourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.楊利偉成功地環(huán)繞地球飛行之后，我們的宇航員所渴望做的事情是在太空行走。

what用在名詞性從句中，或插入語(yǔ)中有豐富的語(yǔ)義，在不同的語(yǔ)境中有較活的翻譯。(1)表示“……的人”，相當(dāng)于thepersonthat...。如：Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.他不是幾年前的他了。(2)表示“……的東西或事情”，相當(dāng)于somethingthat...。如：They’vedonewhattheycantohelpher.他們已經(jīng)盡力幫助了她。(3)表示“……的地方”，相當(dāng)于theplacethat...。如：WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld.現(xiàn)在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)文明世界。(4)表示“……的數(shù)目”，相當(dāng)于theamount/numberthat...。如：Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago.我們現(xiàn)在的收入是十年前的兩倍。(5)表示“……的時(shí)間”，相當(dāng)于theperiodthat...。如：Afterwhatseemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.似乎過了幾個(gè)小時(shí)他才苦笑著出來。

【趁熱打鐵】英譯中：①Poorasthefamilywas，Abraham'smotherdidwhatshecouldtohelphimgetthebesteducation.___________________________________________②Beingagoodlisteneriswhatittakestobeawell－educatedperson._____________________________________________①盡管家境貧寒，Abraham的母親仍盡其所能地幫助他接受最好的教育。②要成為一個(gè)具有良好修養(yǎng)的人，必須要成為一個(gè)好的聆聽者。③Isthecitymuchdifferentfromwhatitwastenyearsago?___________________________________________④HHemadeastupidmistakeand，whatwasworse，refusedtoadmitit.___________________________________________③這個(gè)城市跟十年前大不一樣嗎？④他犯了一個(gè)愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。更糟的是，他拒絕承認(rèn)。中譯英：⑤不要相信他所說的話。____________________________________________⑥父母親應(yīng)該關(guān)心孩子心里所想的。____________________________________________⑦教師應(yīng)該多了解學(xué)生所需要的和感興趣的東西。____________________________________________⑤Don'tbelievewhathesaid.⑥Parentsshouldcareaboutwhatchildrenarethinkingabout.⑦Teachersshouldlearnmoreaboutwhatstudentsneedandareinterestedin.3．Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.(P59,L4－5)譯：轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。(1)本句以否定詞nowhere開頭，是倒裝語(yǔ)序。NowherecouldIfindapersontohelpmeatthattime.當(dāng)時(shí)我找不到一個(gè)可以幫助我的人。(2)句中nowhere...truer...是用比較級(jí)的形式，表示最高級(jí)的意義。NooneinmyclassworksharderthanJack.我們班沒有人比杰克更用功。思考：常有哪些形式的比較級(jí)可以表示最高級(jí)？__________________________________________【趁熱打鐵】完成句子：①再?zèng)]有比這種方式更好的了。________________thanthisone.②中國(guó)是亞洲最大的國(guó)家。Chinaislargerthan______________inAsia.①Nootherway/methodisbetter②anyothercountry/alltheothercountries英譯漢：③Ihaveneverreadamoreinterestingbook.___________________________________________④Nothingismorepreciousthanhealth.___________________________________________⑤ForlittleTom,thisstoryismoreinterestingthananyoneelse.___________________________________________③這是我讀過的最有趣的書。④身體健康是最寶貴的。⑤對(duì)小湯姆來說，這是最有趣的故事。單項(xiàng)選擇：⑥—Whatdoyouthinkoftheblindman?—I’veneverseenamanwith________senseoftouch.A．thebetterB．a(chǎn)betterC．a(chǎn)goodD．thebest⑥B。比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表示最高級(jí)。句意“這是我所見過的觸覺最好的盲人?！薄具\(yùn)用提升】從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。()1.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI________time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.(2012湖南)A．havehadB．hadhadC．haveD．had

1．D。根據(jù)上下文可知，這是對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，if從句用過去式，主句用would＋原形。()2.We________John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A．willputB．willhaveputC．wouldputD．wouldhaveput2．D?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣的用法。句意為“要不是因?yàn)樗罱軅?，我們本?yīng)該把John的名字加進(jìn)昨天的比賽名單中。”butfor是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的提示，yesterday表示過去的時(shí)間，對(duì)過去的虛擬，用would＋havedone表達(dá)，故選D。()3.Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn'taskfora________boss.A．betterB．goodC．bestD．stillbetter3．A?？疾楸容^級(jí)的用法。否定詞couldn't與better連用，表示“非常好”，等于最高級(jí)。stillbetter不能用于否定句中。句意為“為Stevenson先生工作真好，我實(shí)在找不到比他更好的老板了?！?)4.—HowareyourrecenttriptoSichuan?—I’veneverhad________onebefore.A．a(chǎn)pleasantB．a(chǎn)morepleasantC．a(chǎn)mostpleasantD．themostpleasant

4．B?？疾楸容^級(jí)的用法。否定詞never與amorepleasant連用，表示“非常愉快”，等于最高級(jí)。themostpleasant是特指，需要有比較的范圍，但是這個(gè)范圍并不存在。句意為“——最近你到四川的旅行怎么樣？——從來沒有這么愉快過?！?)5.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat________Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A．a(chǎn)sB．whichC．whatD．that5．C。從句法結(jié)構(gòu)上看，句中介詞at需要賓語(yǔ)，系動(dòng)詞was需要主語(yǔ)，而能同時(shí)在主、從句中作兩種句子成分的關(guān)系代詞有what,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等。從這一點(diǎn)出發(fā)，可知本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。句中what相當(dāng)于thespeedwhich，句子可直譯為“幾天前，我哥哥(或弟弟)在街上以我認(rèn)為是非常危險(xiǎn)的速度開車。”閱讀下面短文，在空格處填寫一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~使全文通順連貫，語(yǔ)法正確。DearEditor，Asaphysician,Ireadyourarticleabouthumancloningwithgreatanxiety.Ifirstheard1.________cloninganimalsfromasinglecell2.________IwenttoalectureaboutDollythesheep.Dollywasclonedin1996inBritain.Atthetime,Ithoughtthatthewholeconceptofcloningwasnotmoral.Ifwetoy3.________life,wemightcreateproblems.Whogaveustherighttodothis？And,whataretheconsequencesofouractions?of

when

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Itseems4.________Iwascorrecttohavedoubtsaboutpushingaheadwithcloning.Afterall,eventhoughDollylookedthesameas5.________normalsheep,shewasnothealthyanddiedyoung,andnooneknowstheexactreasonforthis.Thisideabehindcloningsoundsgood,6.________therearemanyreal－lifeproblems—mankindisnotreadyforthis.Ibelievethatweneedstrictlawstomake7.________acrimetodohumancloning.TheworkofthatItalianfellow,SeverinoAntinori,shouldnotbelegal.8.________IwerethePresidentofItaly,Iwouldthinkabouttakingawayhislicense. Yoursfaithfully， WangLinthat

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If

本單元我們復(fù)習(xí)的書面表達(dá)是議論文，即argumentation。寫作須知議論文是用擺事實(shí)、講道理的辦法，對(duì)客觀事物進(jìn)行評(píng)述和議論，闡明正確的觀點(diǎn)和主張或批駁錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)和主張的文章。議論文三要素：論點(diǎn)、論證和論據(jù)。議論文寫作要求：1．議題的提出要開門見山，不要拖泥帶水；2．正文部分是寫作的重點(diǎn)，議論時(shí)可以采用不同的方法進(jìn)行論證。可用歸納法、推理法、比較法等，也可引經(jīng)據(jù)典論證自己觀點(diǎn)的正確性；

3．在結(jié)論部分必須表明作者的觀點(diǎn)，對(duì)討論的問題做出總結(jié)；4．注意連接詞和過渡詞等詞語(yǔ)的使用，以增強(qiáng)文章的條理性和邏輯性。常用的過渡詞和連接詞包括：first，second，third，finally，inaddition，furthermore，besides，whatisworse，moreimportantly，incontrast，because，since，nowthat，therefore，consequently，inthatcase，asaresult/consequence，inconclusion，tosumup等等。魔力模版1．魔力句子(1)AsfarasI'mconcerned，I'minfavouroftheformerview.Therefore，myconclusionisthatwearecertaintosucceedaslongaswesticktowhatisrightandcorrectwhatiswrong.(2)Opinionsaredividedonthephenomenon.(3)DifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsontheissuesofwhetheritisnecessarytostartlearningEnglishfromchildhood.(4)Someholdtheviewthatdoingsportscankeepfit，whileothersthinkthatitisawasteoftimetodosports.(5)Asfortheexaminationstocollege，ononehand，weshouldtryourbest，ontheotherhand，weshouldkeepagoodstateofmind.(6)Someareinfavourofit.Intheiropinion，athleteshavewongreathonourforthecountry.寫作注意：1.不要逐條翻譯；2.詞數(shù)不少于120。參考詞匯：投訴complainv./complaintn.__________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeoplearegoingtodoshoppingonline.Likeeverythingelse，onlineshoppinghasbothfavourableandunfavourableaspects.Generally，thefavourableaspectscanbelistedasfollows：Firstly，themostimportantoneisitsconvenience.Peopledon'thavetowastetheirtimeandenergytogofromoneshoptoanothertobuycommoditiestheylike.Thisisespeciallyusefultothebusypeople，theagedandthedisabledpeoplewhocan'tgotoshopsinperson.Moreover，ontheInternetthereisenoughinformationofallkindsofcommodities，andpeopleareabletobuythingsfromadistantplace.Everycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.SomepeoplethinkthattherealgoodsmaybedifferentfromwhattheconsumershaveseenontheNet，thusthequalityofcommoditiesboughtonlinemaynotbeensured.What'sworse，oncecheatedonline，onemayfinditdifficulttomakeacomplaint.Inmyopinion，itisbetterforalltobecarefulwhenshoppingonline.Unit3ScienceandnatureⅠ.Directions：ForeachofthefollowingunfinishedsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD．Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.()1.Originally________LeiZhengxing,LeiFengwasbornonDecember18th，1940inafarmingfamily.A．callingB．calledC．beingcalledD．tocall1．B。句子主語(yǔ)LeiFeng與動(dòng)詞call是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用V-ed作非謂語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)。

()2.I________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A．couldn’thavegone B．didn’tgoC．wouldn’tgo D．hadn’tgone2．A。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。thatbitterperiod表示過去的時(shí)間，對(duì)過去的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/might＋havedone表達(dá)。句意“沒有你的慷慨幫助，我是不可能度過那段痛苦的時(shí)期的?！?)3.Ifyouliveinabigcity,you’re________surroundedbynoisefromcars,busesandtrains.A．brieflyB．instantlyC．constantlyD．a(chǎn)wfully3．C?？疾楦痹~。briefly簡(jiǎn)短地；instantly立即地；constantly連續(xù)不斷地；awfully糟糕地。

()4.Imustthankyouforyour________someofmymistakesinthecomposition.A．pointingout B．lookingoutC．takingout D．makingout4．A。本題考查短語(yǔ)辨析。pointout的意思是“指出”。lookout意思是“小心”；takeout意思是“拿去；去除；發(fā)泄”；makeout意思是“辨認(rèn)；理解；填寫；假裝”。()5.Don’ttrytopersuadeyourboss；hewon’thavethe________ofemployingme—afreshstudent.A．intentionB．a(chǎn)ttentionC．senseD．a(chǎn)ttraction5．A。句意：別去想法說服你老板了，他不會(huì)有意雇我這樣的新生的。intention意圖，打算；attention注意；sense感覺，感官；attraction吸引。根據(jù)題意可知選A。

()6.Nomatterwhathappenstohim，hewill________hisplanofdevelopingthisnewzone.A．dosomethingwith B．getalongwithC．takeawaywith D．pushaheadwith6．D。本題考查詞義辨析。pushaheadwith意思是“努力推行”。本句的意思是“不管他發(fā)生了什么，他都會(huì)努力推行開發(fā)這個(gè)新區(qū)域的計(jì)劃”。()7.Wehavenoextramoney.Soforthetimebeing,wecan’tmoveto________apartment.A．a(chǎn)niceB．thenicestC．a(chǎn)nicerD．thenice7．C。比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表最高級(jí)。句意：“……我們沒法搬到更好的公寓去住?！?/p>

()8.Withsomanyforms________，manystudentsfeelatalossbeforethecollegeentranceexam.A．tofillinB．filledinC．fillinginD．tobefilledin8．A。此處考查“with＋名詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)楸砀袷菍⒁?，所以要用?dòng)詞不定式；另外，此處盡管表格是被填寫，但句子有出現(xiàn)填寫的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者“manystudents”，所以要用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。()9.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheworld-famousfootballplayerMessifromArgentina?—I’veneverseen________onebefore.Hewasborntoplayfootball.A．a(chǎn)creativeB．a(chǎn)mostcreativeC．themostcreativeD．a(chǎn)morecreative

9．D。比較級(jí)與否定詞連用表最高級(jí)。句意：“……我沒見過更有創(chuàng)造力的球員了，他生來就是踢球的?！?/p>

()10.Thinkofthebodylikeaschool.Atthetopoftheschool________theheadmaster，________asthebrain.A．is；knowingB．is；knownC．a(chǎn)re；knownD．a(chǎn)re；knowing10．B。本句是考查beknownas意思為“被稱作為……”。首先句子是倒裝句，主語(yǔ)是theheadmaster，所以謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，后面是knownas過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。()11.Whenyoulookat________greateffectstheclimatechangehasonourlife,you’llagreethatitisthemostpressingglobalproblem.A．whichB．howC．whatD．why11．C。當(dāng)你看到氣候變化對(duì)我們的生活有多大影響時(shí)，你就會(huì)認(rèn)同這是一個(gè)棘手的全球性問題。這里是一個(gè)感嘆句作lookat的賓語(yǔ)。感嘆句可以用what和how來引導(dǎo)，用how引導(dǎo)時(shí)，應(yīng)該是how＋adj.＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)。

()12.Atproperhorseraceseveryonehasalreadystudiedtheformofthehorse________.A．behindtime B．inprogressC．inadvance D．intime12．C。此處考查短語(yǔ)辨析。inadvance的意思為“提前”。()13.________ourteamseemstolackatthemomentisthedeterminationtowinthematch.A．ThatB．WhatC．WhetherD．If13．B。主語(yǔ)從句中缺少lack的賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)中只有what可以作句子成份，故選B。

()14.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin________wasawastelandtenyearsago.A．what B．whichC．that D．where14．A?？疾靪hat引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。介詞in后面應(yīng)該是一個(gè)名詞性的結(jié)構(gòu)，再加上這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中缺少的是主語(yǔ)，而不是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此要首先排除D項(xiàng)；B、C兩項(xiàng)不合乎題意。句意“一座現(xiàn)代化城市已經(jīng)在十年前是垃圾場(chǎng)的地方撥地而起?！?/p>

()15.Terrorists________warontheUnitedStates，andwaris________theygot.A．declared；what B．a(chǎn)nnounced；thatC．informed；what D．sentout；all15．A?！靶麘?zhàn)”必須用declare。第二個(gè)空是填表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，且該引導(dǎo)詞還在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以選what。本句的意思是“恐怖分子向美國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)，而他們得到的就是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”。Ⅱ.Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD．Fillineachblankwithawordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Iwasasingleparentoffoursmallchildren，workingatalow-paidjob.Moneywasalwaystight，butwehada__16__overourheads，foodonthetable，clothesonourbacks，andifnotalot，alwaysenough.Notknowingwewerepoor，mykidsjustthoughtIwas__17__.I'vealwaysbeengladaboutthat.ItwasChristmastime，and__18__therewasn'tmoneyforalotofgifts，weplannedtocelebratewithafamilyparty.ButthebigexcitementforthekidswasthefunofChristmas__19__．Theyplannedweeksaheadoftime，askingeachotherwhattheywantedforChristmas.__20__，Ihadsaved$120forpresentstosharebyallfiveofus.Thebigdayarrived.Igaveeachkidatwenty-dollarbilland__21__themtolookforgiftsofaboutfourdollarseach.Theneveryonescattered(散開)．Wehadtwohourstoshop；thenwewouldmeetback__22__the“Santa'sWorkshop”．

Drivinghome，everyonewasinhighChristmasspirits，exceptmyyoungerdaughter，Ginger，whowasunusually__23__．Shehadonlyonesmall，flatbagwithafewcandies—fifty-centcandies!Iwassoangry，butIdidn'tsayanythinguntilwegothome.Icalledherintomybedroomandclosedthedoor，readytobeangryagain.Thisiswhatshe__24__me.“Iwaslookingaroundthinkingofwhattobuy，andI__25__toreadthelittlecardsontheGivingTrees.Onewasforalittlegirl，fouryearsold，andallshewantedforChristmaswasadoll(玩具娃娃).SoI__26__thecardoffthetreeandboughtthedollforher.Wehavesomuchandshedoesn'thaveanything.”

Ineverfeltso__27__asIdidthatday.()16.A.roofB．hatC．skyD．star

()17.A.busyB．serious C．strictD．kind16．A。作者說盡管錢不多，但是至少頭上還有屋頂，引申意為有房子。17．C。根據(jù)后面第五段“readytobeangry”，可得知父親是個(gè)在孩子看來很strict的人。()18.A.since B．unless C．evenif D．a(chǎn)lthough

()19.A.shoppingB．travelling C．partiesD．greetings18．D。從語(yǔ)義上看出，盡管沒有太多的錢買許多禮物，但是他們還是打算慶祝一下，所以是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。29．A。從下文看出，他們是去購(gòu)物了，所以選shopping。

()20.A.Unluckily B．Instead C．HoweverD．Fortunately()21.A.forcedB．reminded C．invitedD．begged

20．D。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義，孩子們?cè)谏塘恳I什么禮物，幸好作者已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了些錢。

21．B。此處是作者提醒孩子們買禮物的時(shí)候，每個(gè)禮物大概是四美元。()22.A.forB．on C．a(chǎn)tD．in

()23.A.quietB．excitedC．happyD．a(chǎn)shamed22．C。在某某門口，應(yīng)該用介詞at。23．A。其他孩子都情緒很高，只有她例外，所以應(yīng)選擇與熱烈相反的詞。

()24.A.askedB．toldC．showedD．called

()25.A.forgotB．stoppedC．failedD．hated24．B。下文就是孩子說的具體內(nèi)容，所以用told。25．B。stoptodo表示停下來去做某事。

()26.A.threwB．putC．tookD．cut

()27.A.angryB．bitterC．patientD．rich26．C。takesth.offsth.的意思是把某物從某物上取下來。27．D。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義，應(yīng)該選正面態(tài)度的詞，所以選rich。Ⅲ.Directions：Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.ASpanishwomanfromCaliciahasdecidedthatsheownsthesun,andhastheregistrationpaperstoproveit.AngelesDuran,49,saysthatthesunofficiallybelongstohernow,havinghadthecelestial(天空的)bodyregistered28.________hernameatalocalnotary(公證的)office.MsDuranexplainedthat29.________tookthestepafterrea