《研究生學(xué)術(shù)英語讀譯教程》課件Unit 14 Artificial Intelligence

PreviewDiscussion1.Whatistheabbreviationfor“artificialintelligence”?Inwhatfieldsisitapplied?2.What

doyouthinkoftheprospectsofartificialintelligence?3.Whatmoralorethicalproblemsmightarisefromit?Howcanweavoidthepossibleproblems?VideoThevideoprovidesanswerstothefollowingquestions.Whilewatchingthevideo,payspecialattentiontowhenthekeywordsappear.WhatwouldthespeakercallAI?Whathasbeenasuccess?Whathasbeenadisaster?Whatanalogydoesthespeakerusetoexplaintheterm“envelopingtheworld”?Intowhatistheenvironmenttransforming?VideoWhatwouldthespeakercallAI?Smarttechnologies.Whathasbeenasuccess?Whathasbeenadisaster?AI/ENG.AI/C.S.D.Whatanalogydoesthespeakerusetoexplaintheterm“envelopingtheworld”?Dishwasher.Intowhatistheenvironmenttransforming?AnAI-friendlyenvironment.FastReadingReadONLYthetransitionsbetweenparagraphs.Underlinekeywords.10minutes.TrytofinishExerciseIII.SkimingtheTextTrytofinishExerciseIin10minutes.Whileskimmingthecontext,DON’Treadthecontent,BUTpayattentionto3typesofclues:Pronouns(指代詞)Keywords(關(guān)鍵詞)Transitions(關(guān)聯(lián)詞)Tense(時態(tài))ClueswithinthemissingsentencesA.Bythelate1980sand1990s,AIresearchhaddevelopedmethodsfordealingwithuncertainorincompleteinformation,employingconceptsfromprobabilityandeconomics.B.ManytoolsareusedinAI,includingversionsofsearchandmathematicaloptimization,neuralnetworksandmethodsbasedonstatistics,probabilityandeconomics.C.Emotionandsocialskillsareimportanttoanintelligentagentfortworeasons.D.Thesemanticsofthesearecapturedasdescriptionlogicconcepts,roles,andindividuals,andtypicallyimplementedasclasses,properties,andindividualsintheWebOntologyLanguage.E.Theseconsistofparticulartraitsorcapabilitiesthatresearchersexpectanintelligentsystemtodisplay.F.Majorpublishersnowuseartificialintelligence(AI)technologytopoststoriesmoreeffectively.G.Manyoftheproblemsabovealsorequirethatgeneralintelligencebesolved.H.Regressionistheattempttoproduceafunctionthatdescribestherelationshipbetweeninputsandoutputsandpredictshowtheoutputsshouldchangeastheinputschange.I.Somestraightforwardapplicationsofnaturallanguageprocessingincludeinformationretrieval,textmining,questionansweringandmachinetranslation.ReadforSpecificDetailsReadthetextagainandfinishExerciseIV.TranslationRevisionArtificialintelligenceisbasedon"humanintelligencecanbeaccuratelydescribed,sowecanmakeamachinetoimitatehumanintelligence"claim.Thiscauseddsiscussionaboutthenatureofhumanintelligenceandthatartificiallifeissimilartohumanintelligence.

Theaboveproblems,sincetheancienttimespeoplebymyth,fictionandphilosophyhavebeendiscussed.Somepeoplethinkthatifthisartificialintelligencestrongmomentumofdevelopment,itwillbringthreattothehuman;Othersthinkthatartificialintelligencewillbringmainthreattoemployment.Areferencerateisveryhigh,co-authoredbyMichaelOsborneandCarlBenediktFreyarticlefoundthatbecauseoftheartificialintelligence,almosthalfoftheworkintheUnitedStateswillbereplacedbyautomation.Butwhatshouldnotbeignoredisinthe21stcentury,withthedevelopmentofcom