模塊三第一單元名詞性從句

Unit1GrammarandusageNounclauses名詞性從句(NounClauses)①在句子中起____作用的句子，②在復合句中能擔任_____、_____、_____、

_________等③根據從句在句中不同的語法功能，可分為____________(SubjectClause)、____________(PredicativeClause)、____________(ObjectClause)____________(AppositiveClause)名詞主語表語賓語同位語主語從句表語從句賓語從句同位語從句名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.主語Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.表語Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.賓語Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefact

thatheisateacher.同位語1.

(主語從句)e.g.Thathecanhelpmemakesmehappy.

Whytheyhavenotleftyetisnotclearsofar.Nounclauses用it作形式主語，代替主語從句e.g.Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegot

backsafely.2.賓語從句e.g.Iwonderif/whetherthat’sagoodidea.I’minterestedinwhothattallmanis.用it作形式賓語，代替賓語從句e.g.Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthe

foghadfinallygone.Theconductorhasmadeitclear

thatnobuseswillberunning.3.表語從句e.g.Thetruthisthatit’stoofoggyforthebustorunthatfar.MyquestioniswhetherPollycanfindherwayhome.4.同位語從句e.g.Shehadafeelingthatshewas

beingwatched.Thenews

thathecouldn’tcome

madeusupset.連接詞：that、if、whether不作成分無意義2.連接代詞

：who、whom、whose、what、

which、

whoever,whatever3.連接副詞：when、where、why、how“是否”作狀語作主/賓/表

II.名詞性從句的引導詞：e.g.Nooneknewif/whetherhelosthissightbecauseofanaccident.Shecouldn’timaginehowtheblindmanhadfoundher.Readthearticleonpage9anddescribethemainideainyourownwords.Whilereading,underlineallthenounclausesyoucanfindinthisarticle.名詞性從句考點歸納一、名詞性從句的語序(1)名詞性從句構成有兩種a.That+陳述句e.g.Thathediditrightisknowntoall.b.疑問詞+句子的剩余成分e.g.Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.(2)疑問詞引導的名詞性從句要求使用陳述句語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。

Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.FT你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？

Couldyoutellmewherehelives?Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?TF二、名詞性從句連接詞的選用(1)that和what的選用that和what都可引導所有的名詞從句。但是，what除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當成分，可做從句的主語、賓語、或表語。而that在名詞性從句中不充當任何成分，只起連接作用。1.______hewantsisabook.2._____hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis____wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?WhatThatthatwhatthatorwhat?what6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.whatthatwhat(2)if和whether的選用whether和if都可以使用的情況：

1)引導動詞的賓語從句時；2)在be+adj.之后時；3)在主語從句中，it用作形式主語時。只能用whether的情況：1)在非正式文體中,if...ornot也是正確的。但與ornot直接連用時,只能用whether(即whetherornot),而不能用if(即ifornot)；2)引導表語從句和同位語從句時；3)引導主語從句，且位于句首時；4)引導介詞后的賓語從句時；5)后面直接跟動詞不定式時；6)if引起歧義時。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.if/whetherWhetheriforwhether3.We’reworriedabout_______heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow_______ornotheiswell.whetherwhether/ifwhether6.Thequestionis________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.whetherwhetherwhether9.Iwonder__________thenewsistrue.10.Hewasnotsure__________itwasright.11.Ithasn’tbeendecided_____________weshallattendthemeeting.

if/whether

if/whether

if/whether12.Wehaven’tdecided_________toattendthemeetingornot.13.Idon’tknow__________hefinallyfoundhismissingbikeornot.14.Idon’tknow________ornothefinallyfoundhismissingbike.whether

if/whetherwhether15.Thequestionis_________thefilmisworthseeing.16.Theproblem________weshouldcontinuetheexperimentremainsunsolved.whetherwhether17.________ourteamhaswonthematchisunknown.18.Italldependson_______hewillsupportus.19.Pleaseletmeknow_______youlikeit.Whetherwhetherwhether其它連接代詞和副詞的連用主要根據名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確的選擇who/which/when/where/why/how等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時在從句中充當各種成分。我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。

_____weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.

我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。

Idon’tknow____broketheglassyesterday.Whenwho我不知道他長的什么樣子。Ihavenoidea_____helookslike.

這就是我忘記眼鏡的地方。

Thisis______Ileftmyglasses.whatwhere引導詞that的省略1.that引導賓語從句時，可以省略；2.如果有兩個that引導的賓語從句，則第二個賓語從句中的that不可省略；3.介詞后的賓語從句中的that不可省略;4.如果that連接的賓語從句中緊接著一個由其他連詞引導的狀語從句，that不能省略；下列名詞性從句中的that是否可以省略。1.ItwasreportedthatthefootballteamwaswarmlyreceivedbytheQueen.2.Idon’tbelievethathehaseverreadanyofShakespeare’sworksorthathehaseverheardofhim.3.Hiscompositionisverygoodexcept

thattherearesomespellingmistakes.4.Thecauseoftheaccidentliesinthat

thedriverwascareless.5.Hesaidthat,ifIdidnothavetime,Imightchoosenottogo.6.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.只有第2題第一個that可以省略，其他名詞性從句中，that不可以省略。that/(that)1.Idon’tthink_____sheiscoming.

2.Itisapity____hehasmadesuchamistake.

3.Thereasonis____heiscareless.4.Thenews_____ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.(that)thatthatthat5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary____youshouldreadEnglishaloud.

6.Hetoldme_____hisfatherhaddiedand____hehadtomakealivingalone.that(that)that三、同位語從句的引導和辨別1.同位語從句的格式：n.+連接詞+從句2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：fact/idea/news/information/order/belief/advicesuggestion,等3.連接詞通常是that,也可根據含義選用

whether,what,when,where等來引導同位語從句。Ihavenoidea_____hecomesfrom.

2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion____hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions____weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.that/whether/where/howwherehowthat4.Ihavenodoubt____hewillwin.

5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.thatwhether同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別:1.定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞的具體內容。定語從句中that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當一個句子成分，充當從句的賓語成分時可省略。2.同位語從句對中心詞的內容作進一步的解釋和說明，表明中心詞的具體內容。引導同位語從句的that在同位語從句中不做任何成分,只起連接作用,無具體含義,且不可省略。1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.ATAPAttributiveorAppositive1.Theinformationhasbeenannounced

thatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.

2.Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.ATAP名詞demand,suggestion,proposal,advice等詞后的同位語從句的語氣要用虛擬語氣,結構為should+do,should可省略

e.g.HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應如果主句時態(tài)是現在時或將來時,從句謂語可根據句意需要而選用任一種時態(tài)。a.他相信他的夢想總有一天會實現的。

Hebelieves_________________________________.hisdreamwillcometruesomedayb.請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么。

Pleasetellme_____________________________________.

whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday2.如果主句謂語是過去時,從句謂語動詞一般用過去的某種時態(tài),但從句表達的是客觀事實、真理、自然規(guī)律等時，從句謂語通常用一般現在時。他告訴我他正在為考試做準備。

Hetoldme_________________________________.他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。

Hetoldme_______________________________________________.hewaspreparingfortheexaminationhehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears老師告訴我們光是沿直線運行的。

Theteachertellus__________________________lighttravelsinastraightline.Readthearticleaboutoursensesonpage11andcircletherightwords.Answers:1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________ifthatthatthatwhetherthatCompletethestoryonpage11usingthat,whetherorif.Answers:1.________2.________3.________4.________5.________6.________7.________8.________thatthatthatif/whetherthatif/whetherthatthat考點點撥考例回顧1.Theradioannouncedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfog.(P10)[考點]that引導名詞性從句時，在從句中不充當成分，在動詞后面的賓語從句中可以省略，在介詞后面的賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中均不可省略。[考例1]Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_____hewasamanofaction.(湖南2006)A.which B.that C.what D.whether[解析]：根據句子結構，pleased后面應接賓語從句，hewasamanofaction是個完整的句子，從句中不缺成分，故選that。[考例2]Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_____itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.(上海2006)A.how B.why C.that D.when解析：is后面是表語從句，從句中不缺成分，故選that。[考例3]Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome____Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.(安徽2006)A.if B.when C.that D.which解析：此句是同位語從句，thought與從句thatImight...被謂語suddenlycametome隔開。同位語從句中的引導詞that不充當成分，只起一個連接的作用。2.Sheisnotcertainaboutwhethershehasdoneanythingwrong.(P10)[考點]在介詞后面的賓語從句中表示“是否”時，只用whether，不用if。[考例]Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof_____itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.(江蘇2006)A.if B.where C.whether D.that句意：我們還沒有解決他是否有必要去國外學習這一問題。根據句意，可排除B和D兩項。介詞of后面接賓語從句時，只用whether，不用if。故選C項。3.Hesaid(that)helikedrainverymuchandthathewouldn’tuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining.(P10)[考點]當一個句子有兩個或多個賓語從句時，引導第一個從句的that可以省略，而引導第二個和以后幾個從句的that不可省略，且最后兩個從句之間要用and，but或or連接。[考例]Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and_____allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.(湖南2007)A.whyB.that C.when D.where解析：動詞checked后接兩個賓語從句，第一個是thedoorswereclosed，引導從句的that被省略；第二個是allthelightswereoff，從句中不缺成分，故選that，且that不可省略。1.Itnowappears______theyareinneedofhelp.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how2.Itisgoodnews______theywillarriveinafewdays.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how3.It______Joedrivesbadly.A.thoughtthatB.thinksthatC.isthinkthatD.isthoughtthat4.It______heislateforclass.A.maythatB.mightthatC.maybethatD.mightbewhat5.Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.which C.thatD.what6.Thequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.what C.whichD.when7.Thequestionis____itisworthdoing.A.ifB.whetherC.whichD.what8.Thereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.why C.thatD.what9.Mysuggestionis______weshouldturnthelandintoricefields.A.whatB.that C.whichD.where10.Hisproposalisthatthedam_____atthefootofthemountain.A.buildB.willbuild C.bebuiltD.willbebuilt11.Myadviceisthathe______regularhouse.A.keepB.wouldkeep C.keepsD.kept______knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.A.WhothatB.Whoever C.W