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上海市民辦東光明中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題31.Theyfelt________itwashightaxandlowincome________contributedtotheextrememiseryoftheworkingpeopleatthebottomoftheladder.A./;that

B.that;which

C.that;what

D./;which參考答案:A略2.Everyoneinthevillagehopedthathewould_______afterafewdays’treatment.A.pickup

B.comeup

C.keepup

D.makeup參考答案:A考查動詞短語辨析。句意:村子里每一個人都希望他經(jīng)過幾天的治療后能好起來。pickup好轉(zhuǎn);comeup過來;keepup保持;makeup組成,化妝。3.—Whatattractedyoutoouruniversity?

—YouhaveagreatbasketballteamandIcan

forit.A.workout

B.lookout

C.carryout

D.tryout參考答案:D略4.SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChinesecultures,Ithinkthefestivalisworth________.A.experiencing

B.beingexperiencedC.ofbeingexperienced

D.tobeexperienced參考答案:A考查固定短語。beworthdoing值得做某事,doing是主動形式,表示被動意義。選A。句意:既然你對中國傳統(tǒng)文化感興趣,我認(rèn)為這個節(jié)日值得經(jīng)歷。5.—James,IamsorryIusedyourcomputerwhenyouwereawaythismorning.

一______.Youcanuseit;A.That'sallright

B.It'sapleasureC.Youarewelcome

D.Don'tmentionit參考答案:A略6.Chinawillputculturalreformanddevelopmentat____importantplacein____comingfiveyears,and____quitelongperiodoftimeafterthat.A.an;the;a

B.a;the;the

C.the;a;a

D.the;the;a(此題涉及到三個不同的冠詞,根據(jù)高考題改編。)參考答案:A略7.Itwasonlyafterafamilyrelatedconversation______________Ifoundoutshewasactuallymydistantcousin.A.when B.thatC.which D.who參考答案:B【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意:只是在一次與家庭有關(guān)的談話后,我才發(fā)現(xiàn)她實際上是我的遠(yuǎn)房表妹。此處是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,句子強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語,故答案為that?!军c睛】淺談強(qiáng)調(diào)句1.用Itis/was...that/who...句型表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。(1)陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+that/who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人)+其它部分。e.g.ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.(2)一般疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:同上,只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?(3)特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分?e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?注:被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分(通常是句子的主語、狀語、賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語)放在is/was的后面,如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人,則后面可用who,whom等代替。2.not...until...句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句:句型為:Itis/wasnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其它部分:e.g.普通句:Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.強(qiáng)調(diào)句:Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.3.強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞:用助動詞do,does或did加動詞原形來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動詞。注意:此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/does和did,沒有別的形式;過去時態(tài)用did,后面的謂語動詞用原形。如:Docomeearly.務(wù)必早來。Hedidsendyoualetterlastweek.昨天他確實寄給你一封信。8.-----Oh,no,no.Ireallycouldn`taccept.

-----Nonsense.I___take“no”forananswer.A.don`t

B.shan`t

C.won`t

D.wouldn`t參考答案:C略9._________tosupportingthegrowingnumberofstudentsseekingoddjobs,wewillprovidethemwiththeinformationtheyneed.

A.Committing

B.Committed

C.Beingcommitted

D.Havingcommitted參考答案:B略10.—Let'sgotoseeamovieandthengoshopping.—

Ihappentobefreethisafternoon.A.Itdepends.

B.Anythingyousay.

C.Noway.

D.Goahead.參考答案:B11.Becauseofthelimitedtime,hedidn’tgointodetailsonthesubject.Heonlyspoke____.A.incommon

B.ingeneralC.inparticular

D.inpublic參考答案:B句意:由于時間有限,對于那個話題他沒有展開。他只是概括地說了一下。ingeneral是indetail(詳盡地)的反義詞。incommon共同的,共有的;inparticular尤其地,特別地;inpublic公開地,當(dāng)眾。12..Bothteamswereinhardtraining;

waswillingtolosethegame.A.none

B.one

C.neither

D.either參考答案:C略28.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake_____itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.A.towind

B.wind

C.winding

D.wound參考答案:C略14.Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoreto________thegapbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstandeachotherbetter.A.open

B.narrow

C.widen

D.leave參考答案:B15.—Idon’tmindtellingyouwhathappened.—You_________.I’mnotaskingyouforit.A.mustn’t

B.maynot

C.can’t

D.needn’t參考答案:D考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為“你沒必要告訴我。我沒有要求你那樣做?!?6.AvolcanoinIndonesiaeruptedonNovemberthe16th,2013,and_____,hundredsofpeoplewerekilled.

A.consequently B.continuously

C.constantl D.consistently參考答案:A二、填空17.NooneissurehowmanyAmericansbelongtoreadinggroupscalledbookclubs.Yet___61___(publisher)andbookstoresreportthatmoreandmorepeoplethroughouttheUnitedStatesarejoining___62___(they).Mostoftheclubsworkthesameway.Membersreadthesamebookatthesametime.Thentheymeettotalkaboutthebook.Membersmaybefriendsorpeople___63___liveneareachother.SomeAmericansbelongtoreadinggroupson___64___Internet.Thesegroupsincludepeoplearoundtheworldwhocommunicateaboutbookstheyread.Theysendelectronicmailsinsteadofgathering___65___(discuss)books.Mostreadinggroupsstudybooksby__66___(variety)writers.However,somegroupsreadtheworkofasinglewriter,

___67___(usual)onethathasbeenfamousforawhile.Othergroupsmay__68___(name)foranimportantpersonintheworkofthewriter,___69___aSherlockHolmesClub.Membersofthesebookclubsoftenareexpertsabouttheir___70___(choose)readingmaterials.OnememberofaHolmesreadinggroup,forexample,canidentifyalmosteverypersonineverySherlockHolmesstory.參考答案:61.publishers

62.them

63.who/that

64.the

65.todiscuss

66.various

67.usually

68.benamed

69.like

70.chosen本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了今日美國各種各樣的圖書俱樂部。61.考查名詞。因為名詞publisher是可數(shù)名詞,且bookstores用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故此處也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。句意:然而,出版商和書店報道,整個美國越來越多的人加入他們。故填publishers。62.考查代詞。這里代詞作賓語,故用賓格形式。句意:然而,出版商和書店報道,整個美國越來越多的人加入他們。故填them。63.考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。定語從句中先行詞為friendsorpeople,在從句中作主語,故用關(guān)系詞who/that。句意:成員可能是朋友或住在附近的人。故填who/that。64.考查冠詞。ontheInternet在網(wǎng)上,固定搭配,需加the。句意:一些美國人屬于網(wǎng)上閱讀團(tuán)體。故填the。65.考查非謂語動詞。這里的不定式to表示的目的性。句意:他們使用電子郵件而不是集會來討論書籍。故填todiscuss。66.考查形容詞。名詞writers前用形容詞修飾。句意:大多數(shù)閱讀小組學(xué)習(xí)各種作家寫的書。故填various

。67.考查副詞。這里修飾動詞read,故用副詞形式。句意:然而,一些小組僅僅研究一個作家的作品,通常那個作家是一個已紅極一時的人。故填usually

。68.考查語態(tài)。主語Othergroups與name之間為被動關(guān)系,故用被動形式。句意:其它的團(tuán)體可能是因為從一位重要作者中的作品而命名。故填benamed。69.考查介詞。這里是舉例,故用like,表示“像,比如”之意。句意:其它的團(tuán)體可能是因為從一位重要作者中的作品而命名,比如,夏洛克·福爾摩斯俱樂部。故填like。70.考查非謂語動詞。這里所填詞與修飾的名詞readingmaterials是被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞修飾。句意:這些讀書俱樂部的成員通常是他們所挑選的閱讀材料的專家。故填chosen。18.“Whateveryourjobis,thechancesarethatoneofthesemachinescandoitfasterorbetterthanyoucan.”Asinnovationaccelerates,thousandsofjobswilldisappear,justasithashappenedinthepreviouscyclesofindustrialrevolutions.MachinespoweredbynarrowAIalgorithmscanalreadyperformcertain3-Dtasks(“dull,dirtyanddangerous”)muchbetterthanhumans.Thismaycreateenormouspainforthosewhoarelosingtheirjobsoverthenextfewyears,particularlyiftheydon'tacquirethecomputer-relatedskillsthatwouldenablethemtofindmorecreativeopportunities.Wemustlearnfromthepreviouswavesofcreativedestructionifwearetolessenhumansufferingandincreasinginequality.Forexample,somestatisticsindicatethatasmuchas3%ofthepopulationindevelopedcountriesworkasdrivers.Whenautomatedcarsbecomearealityinthenext15to25years,wemustofferpeoplewhowillbe“structurallyunemployed”somesortofcompensationincome,trainingandre-positioningopportunities.Fortunately,theSchumpeterianwavesofdestructiveinnovationalsocreatejobs.Historyhasshowndisruptiveinnovationsarenotalwaysazero-sumgame.Inthelongrun,thelossoflow-added-valuejobstomachinescanhaveapositiveimpactintheoverallqualityoflifeofmostworkers.TheATMparadoxisagoodexampleofthis.Astheuseofautomatictellermachinesspreadinthe1980sand'90s,manypredictedmassiveunemploymentinthebankingsector.Instead,ATMscreatedmorejobsasthecostofopeningnewagenciesdecreased.Thenumberofagenciesmultiplied,asdidtheportfolioofbankingproducts.Thankstoautomation,goingtothebankoffersamuchbettercustomerexperiencethaninpreviousdecades.Andthejobsintheindustrybecamebetterpaidandwereofbetterquality.Thisoptimistscenarioassumes,however,thateducationsystemswilldoabetterjobofpreparingourchildrentobecomegoodatwhathumansdobest:creativeandcriticalthinking.Lesslearning-by-heartandmorelearning-by-doing.Fewerclericalskillsandmorephilosophicalinsightsabouthumannatureandhowtocatertoitsinfiniteneedsforartandculture.Tobecomecreativeandcriticalthinkers,ourchildrenwillneedknowledgeandwisdommorethanrawdatapoints.Theyneedtoask“why?”,“how?”and“whatif?”moreoftenthan“what?”,“who?”and“when?”Andtheymustconstructthisknowledgebyrelyingondatabasesascognitivepartnersassoonastheylearnhowtoreadandwrite.Thus,thefutureofhuman-machinecooperationlookslesslikethescenariointheTerminatormoviesandmorelikeaMinorityReport-styleof“augmentedintelligence”.Therewillbejobsifweadapttheeducationsystemtoequipourchildrentodowhathumansaregoodat:tothinkcriticallyandcreatively,todevelopknowledgeandwisdom,toappreciateandcreatebeautifulworksofart.Thatdoesnotmeanitwillbeapainlesstransition.Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyreplacethem,requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.No,artificialintelligencewon’t___51___yourchildren’sjobsPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsA____52____phenomenonWiththeriseofAI,machines____53____

threatenthesecurityofpeople’scurrentjobs,makingthefutureoftheworkforcelookratherdarkandgloomy.AnobjectiveanalysisThosenotskilledincomputerusingneedtoplan___54___,fortheyareatahigherriskoflosingtheirjobstomachines.Drivers,facedwiththeincreasingpopularityofautomatedcars,needtobecompensated,___55___forre-employment.ATMs,though,createwell-paidjobsaswellasincreasecustomers’____56____.ApracticalsolutionAdjustmentsneedtobemadetoeducationsystemsby

___57___ourchildrenforthejobs

___58___creativeandcriticalthinking.___59___oflearningphilosophyandchangeinthewayoflearningstyleswillbeintroducedfordevelopingcriticalthinkers.AsafeconclusionAIwon’tcostyourchildrentheirjobs.Instead,itwillmakethemmorecreativeand___60___.

參考答案:51.steal/take

52.worrying

53.seemingly

54.ahead/earlier

55.trained/retrained

56.satisfaction

57.equipping/preparing

58.involving

59.Transition

60.productive/fruitful本文是一篇說明文,是科普類的文章。機(jī)器和自動化可能會像過去一樣,奪走數(shù)百萬低質(zhì)量的工作崗位。但是高質(zhì)量的工作很可能會取代它們,需要更少的體力勞動和更短的時間來產(chǎn)生更好的結(jié)果。人工智能不會讓你的孩子失去工作。相反,它將使他們更有創(chuàng)造力和成果?!?1題詳解】根據(jù)第一段“Whateveryourjobis,thechancesarethatoneofthesemachinescandoitfasterorbetterthanyoucan.”(不管你的工作是什么,這些機(jī)器都有可能比你做得更快或更好。)和最后一段中根據(jù)最后一段中Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyreplacethem,requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.(機(jī)器和自動化可能會像過去一樣,奪走數(shù)百萬低質(zhì)量的工作崗位。但是高質(zhì)量的工作很可能會取代它們,需要更少的體力勞動和更短的時間來產(chǎn)生更好的結(jié)果。)可知,人工智能不會取代你孩子的工作。故答案為steal/take。【52題詳解】根據(jù)第二段中Asinnovationaccelerates,thousandsofjobswilldisappear,justasithashappenedinthepreviouscyclesofindustrialrevolutions.可知,這是一個令人擔(dān)憂的現(xiàn)象。故答案為worrying?!?3題詳解】根據(jù)第二段中MachinespoweredbynarrowAIalgorithmscanalreadyperformcertain3-Dtasks(“dull,dirtyanddangerous”)muchbetterthanhumans.Thismaycreateenormouspainforthosewhoarelosingtheirjobsoverthenextfewyears,particularlyiftheydon'tacquirethecomputer-relatedskillsthatwouldenablethemtofindmorecreativeopportunities.可知,隨著人工智能的崛起,機(jī)器似乎威脅著人們當(dāng)前工作的安全,使得勞動力的未來看起來相當(dāng)灰暗。故答案為seemingly?!?4題詳解】根據(jù)第二段中Thismaycreateenormouspainforthosewhoarelosingtheirjobsoverthenextfewyears,particularlyiftheydon'tacquirethecomputer-relatedskillsthatwouldenablethemtofindmorecreativeopportunities.可知,那些不熟練使用計算機(jī)的人需要提前計劃,因為他們面臨著被機(jī)器搶走工作的更高風(fēng)險。故答案為ahead/earlier?!?5題詳解】根據(jù)第三段中Whenautomatedcarsbecomearealityinthenext15to25years,wemustofferpeoplewhowillbe“structurallyunemployed”somesortofcompensationincome,trainingandre-positioningopportunities.可知,面對日益普及的自動化汽車,司機(jī)們需要得到補(bǔ)償,接受再就業(yè)培訓(xùn)。故答案為trained/retrained?!?6題詳解】根據(jù)第五段中Instead,ATMscreatedmorejobsasthecostofopeningnewagenciesdecreased.Thenumberofagenciesmultiplied,asdidtheportfolioofbankingproducts.Thankstoautomation,goingtothebankoffersamuchbettercustomerexperiencethaninpreviousdecades.Andthejobsintheindustrybecamebetterpaidandwereofbetterquality.可知,然而,自動取款機(jī)不僅能創(chuàng)造高薪工作,還能提高顧客的滿意度。故答案為satisfaction?!?7題詳解】根據(jù)第六段中Thisoptimistscenarioassumes,however,thateducationsystemswilldoabetterjobofpreparingourchildrentobecomegoodatwhathumansdobest:creativeandcriticalthinking.可知,我們需要調(diào)整教育體制,使我們的孩子能夠從事創(chuàng)造性和批判性思維的工作。故答案為equipping/preparing?!?8題詳解】根據(jù)第六段中Thisoptimistscenarioassumes,however,thateducationsystemswilldoabetterjobofpreparingourchildrentobecomegoodatwhathumansdobest:creativeandcriticalthinking.可知,我們需要調(diào)整教育體制,使我們的孩子能夠從事創(chuàng)造性和批判性思維的工作。故答案為involving。【59題詳解】根據(jù)第七段中Tobecomecreativeandcriticalthinkers,ourchildrenwillneedknowledgeandwisdommorethanrawdatapoints.可知,介紹學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)變和學(xué)習(xí)方式的變化,以培養(yǎng)批判性思考者。故答案為Transition?!?0題詳解】根據(jù)最后一段中Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyreplacethem,requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.可知,人工智能不會讓你的孩子失去工作。相反,它將使他們更有創(chuàng)造力和成果。故答案為productive/fruitful。三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A,B,C和D)中,選出最佳選項。Thecaseforcollegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.

Allhighschoolgraduatesoughttogo,saysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence,becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoney,become“better”people,andlearntobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon’tgo.

Butcollegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending,thosewhodon’tfitthepatternarebecomingmorenumerous,andmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother’sexperimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool.Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudies,anddropout------oftenencouragedbycollegeadministrators.Someobserverssaythefaultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves-----theyarespoiledandtheyareexpectingtoomuch.Butthatisacondemnationofthestudentsasawhole,anddoesnotexplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestateoftheworld,andtheyarepartlyright.We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycannotabsorbanarmyofuntrained18-year-olds.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrained22-year-olds,either.Someadventuresomeeducatorsandcampuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest,theproper,theonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhighschool.We_may_have_been_looking_at_all_those_surveys_and_statistics_upside_down,_it_seems,_and_through_the_rosy_glow_of_our_own_remembered_college_experiences.Perhapscollegedoesnotmakepeopleintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,orquicktolearnthings-----maybeitisjusttheotherwayround,andintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,quick-learningpeopleareonlythe

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