英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)

大四級(jí)語(yǔ)法復(fù)1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)同時(shí)注意如Hardly…when…等經(jīng)常考查的表示時(shí)間的固定句式。2（1（3）分詞作狀語(yǔ)。3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)4、定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從定語(yǔ)從句：近五年必考。：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別，aswhich的區(qū)別限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別定語(yǔ)從句和5、狀語(yǔ)從重點(diǎn)關(guān)注incase,unless等連詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句注意while,whenuntil,not…until,before,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。同時(shí)關(guān)注：6、特殊句特殊句式注意倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、反意疑問(wèn)句、祈使句和省略句英語(yǔ)四級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)技巧詳[完形填空綜合全文，著眼細(xì)[寫(xiě)作借助閱讀善打草迅速地看一文題，讓其在大腦中留有一席之地，這樣便于在做詞作文無(wú)非就考一下記敘文和說(shuō)明文，偶爾會(huì)考寫(xiě)信圖*考試&大一種表達(dá)法或一種句式作文和選擇是分開(kāi)齊的,所以一定要先涂卡,再寫(xiě)作文,否則提最重要的一點(diǎn),在考試前一個(gè)月,把前10次的考試題目集中做有用的.一定不能不做.有時(shí)間的話應(yīng)該至少做3遍.最后一個(gè)具體的建議,目前,每周做兩套,一天一篇閱(過(guò)10分鐘),一周一篇寫(xiě)作.等到離考試還有20天,每天做一,循環(huán)做2次,正好可以做兩遍做題目贏E幣，每日一練日積月累【翻譯】 四級(jí)考試翻譯的復(fù)習(xí)與應(yīng)翻譯是一門(mén)藝術(shù),同時(shí)又是一種實(shí)踐它是對(duì)英語(yǔ)綜合能力的考在學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)掌握一些翻譯的基本和一些常用方法,針對(duì)考試中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的一些語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象,仔細(xì)分析一些翻譯實(shí)例,總結(jié)出一些規(guī)律性的東西,再加以必要的練習(xí),對(duì)考生來(lái)說(shuō)是非常必要的，而一、試題與考生應(yīng)試情況考查的翻譯技巧主要包括(1)定語(yǔ)從句的譯法(2)語(yǔ)態(tài)的處理(3)長(zhǎng)句的處理等等形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)，。形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)分為原級(jí) 和最，。詞前加moremost。同級(jí)比較時(shí)常常用as…as…以及notso(as)…as…如：Iamnotsogoodaplayerasyouare.可以修飾的詞有：much,many,alot,even,far,abit,alittle,still,yet,byfar,any,agreatdeal表示一方隨另一方變化時(shí)用“themore…themore…”句型。如：Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyouwill用來(lái)表達(dá)的意思。如：Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday.表示倍數(shù)的有如下幾種句型Ourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanyours./Ourschoolisfourtimesaslargeasyours./Ourschoolisfourtimesthesizeof表示“最高程度“的形容詞沒(méi)有和。如：favourite,excellent,extreme,perfect。介介詞分類(lèi)簡(jiǎn)單介詞about,across,after,against,among,around,at,below,beyond,during,in,on合成介詞inside,into,onto,outof,outside,throughout,upon,within,without短語(yǔ)介詞accordingto,becauseof,insteadof,upto,dueto,owingto,thanksto雙重介詞fromamong,frombehind,fromunder,tillafter,inbet分詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的介詞considering(就而論),形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的介詞like,unlike,near,next,常用介詞區(qū)別表示時(shí)間的in,on,atat表示片刻的時(shí)間，in表示一段的時(shí)間，on表示時(shí)間的since,fromsince指從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間和完成時(shí)連用，from指從時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)開(kāi)始表示時(shí)間的in,afterin指在一段時(shí)間之后，after表示某一具體時(shí)表示地理位置的in,on,toin表示在某范圍內(nèi)，on指與什么毗鄰to指在某環(huán)境范圍之表示“在…上”on,inon只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某表示“穿過(guò)”的through,acrossthrough表示從內(nèi)部通過(guò)in有關(guān)across表示在表面上通過(guò)，與on有表示“關(guān)于”的about,onabout指涉及到，on指專(zhuān)門(mén)論between與among的區(qū)別between表示在兩者之間，among用于三besides與except的區(qū)別besides指“除了…還有再加上”，except“除了，減去什么”，不放在句表示“用”in,withwith表示具體的工具，in表示材料，方式，as與like的區(qū)別as意為“作為，以…地位或”，like為“象…in與into區(qū)別in通常表示位置（靜態(tài)），into表示，不表示動(dòng)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一共有16種，以ask為例，將其各種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式現(xiàn)在時(shí)去時(shí)來(lái)時(shí)去將來(lái)一般ask/asksaskedshall/willaskshould/would進(jìn)行am/is/areaskingwas/wereaskingshall/willbeaskingshould/wouldbeasking完成have/hasaskedhadaskedshall/willhaveaskedshould/wouldhaveasked完成進(jìn)行have/hasbeenaskinghadbeenaskingshall/willhavebeenaskingshould/wouldhavebeenasking現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別Ihavealreadyreadthenovelwrittenbytheworld-famouswriter.(已經(jīng)看過(guò)，且了解這本書(shū)的內(nèi)容Ireadthenovellastmonth.(只說(shuō)明上個(gè)月看了不涉及現(xiàn)在是否記IlivedinBeijingfortenyears.（只說(shuō)明在住過(guò)十年，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別Ihavereadthatbook.我讀過(guò)那本書(shū)了Ihavebeenreadingthatbookallthemorning.我早上一直在讀那一般將來(lái)時(shí)的表達(dá)方式將來(lái)時(shí)法will/shall+動(dòng)詞表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Mysisterwillbetennextyear.begoingto+動(dòng)詞含有“打算，計(jì)劃，即將”做某事，或表示很有可能要發(fā)生某事It’sgoingtoclearup.We’regoingtohaveapartybe+ng進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)go,come,start,move,leave,arrive等詞可用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作HeismovingtothesAretheyleavingforbeaboutto+動(dòng)詞表示安排或計(jì)劃中的馬上就要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)IwasabouttoleavewhenthebellranThemeetingisabouttobeto+動(dòng)詞表示按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)We’retomeetattheschoolgateatnoon.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事情，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)Themeetingstartsatfiveo’clock.Theplaneleavesattenthis動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)常用語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成常用語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/areasked6過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/werebeing一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/wereasked7現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeen一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/willbeasked8過(guò)去完成時(shí)hadbeen過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)should/wouldbeasked9將來(lái)完成時(shí)will/wouldhavebeenasked現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeingasked10含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的can/must/maybeasked注意事項(xiàng)：語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定式是在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not，短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的態(tài)不可漏掉其中介副詞。固定結(jié)構(gòu)begoingto,usedto,haveto,hadbetter變?yōu)閼B(tài)時(shí)，只需將其后的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閼B(tài)。如：Treesshouldnotbeplantedinsummer./Theboywasmadefunofbyhisclassmates.Newspapersusedtobesentherebythelittle漢語(yǔ)有一類(lèi)句子不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)，在英語(yǔ)中一般可用結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如：Itisbelievedthat…Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…ItissaidthaItiswellknownthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…Itissupposedthat…Itisreportedthat…Itmustbeadmittedthat…Itishoped下面主動(dòng)形式常表示意義：如Thewindowwants/needs/requiresrepairing.Thebookisworthreadingtwice.Thedoorwon’tshut./Theplaywon’tact.Theclotheswashesl./ThebooksellsThedishtastesdelicious./Waterfeelsvery下面詞或短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有態(tài)leave,enter,reach, e,benefit,cost,equal,contain,last,lack,fit,fail,have,appear,happen,occur,belongto,takeplace,breakout,comeabout,agreewith,keepupwith,consistof,haveon,loseheart等等情態(tài)動(dòng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞法定式問(wèn)式與簡(jiǎn)can能力（體力，智力，技能）允許或（口語(yǔ)中常用）可能性（表猜測(cè)，用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中）cannot/cannot/can’tdoCan…do…?couldcouldn’tmay可以（問(wèn)句中表示請(qǐng)求）祝愿（用于倒裝句中）maynotdoMay…do…?Yes,…may.mightmightnotdoMight…do…?Yes,…mightNo,…mightnot.must必須，應(yīng)該（表要求肯定，想必（肯定句中表推測(cè)）mustnot/mustn’tdoMust…do…?No,…needn’t/don’thavehaveto只好，不得不（客觀的必須，有時(shí)態(tài)人稱(chēng)變化）don’thavetodoDo…h(huán)avetoYes,…do.oughtto應(yīng)當(dāng)（表示義務(wù)責(zé)任，口語(yǔ)中多用shouldoughtnotto/oughtn’ttodoOught…todo…?Yes,…ought.No,…oughtn’t.shall將要，會(huì)用于一三人稱(chēng)征求對(duì)方意用于二三人稱(chēng)表示許諾、命令、警告、等shallnot/shan’tdoSYes,…shall.should應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該（表義務(wù)責(zé)任本該（含有責(zé)備意味）shouldnot/shouldn’tdowill意愿，決請(qǐng)求，建議，用在問(wèn)句中would比較委婉willnot/won’tdoWill…dYes,…will.No,…won’t.wouldwouldnot/wouldn’tdodare（常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中）darenot/daren’tdoYes,…dare.No,…daren’t.need需要必須（常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中）neednot/needn’tdoYes,…must.usedto過(guò)去常常（現(xiàn)在已不再）usednot/usedn’t/usen’ttododidn’tusetodoUsed…todo…?Yes,…used.No,…use(d)n’t.Did…usetodo…?Yes,…did.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,may,might,could,can表示推測(cè)以must為例。must+do(be)是推測(cè)現(xiàn)在存在的一般狀態(tài)進(jìn)行+be ng推測(cè)可能正在進(jìn)行的事情；must+havedone是推測(cè)可能must“肯定，一定”語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，只用于肯定句中HemustbeamanfromAmerica./Hemustbetalkingwithhisfriend./Hemusthavealreadyarrivedthere.may和might“也許”，后者語(yǔ)氣弱，更沒(méi)有把握?？捎糜诳隙ň浜虷emaynotbeathome./Theymighthavefinishedtheircancould“可能”，could表示可疑的可能性，不及can’t語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，TheweatherinthatcitycouldbecoldWecouldhavewalkedthere;itwassonear.（推測(cè)某事本來(lái)可能發(fā)Canhebeintheofficenow?No,hecan’tbethere,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.(語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)，常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞canbeableto:都可以表示能力。但beableto可以表達(dá)“某事終于成功”，而can無(wú)法表達(dá)此意。Beableto有的時(shí)態(tài)。另外，兩者不能使用。usedto和would:usedto表示過(guò)去常常做現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再有的習(xí)慣，would只表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或喜好，不涉及現(xiàn)在。need和dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別tdo；Need/dare…do…?dared)todo,don’t(doesn’t/didn’t)need/dareto非謂語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)形式構(gòu)成特征和作用時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)定合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式todoto tohavedonetobetohavebeendone在非謂語(yǔ)前加notforsb.todosth.具有名詞，分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 havingdonebeinghavingbeendone具有副詞和形容詞的作用過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)名 havingdonebeinghavingbeendonesb’sng具有名詞的作用做賓語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞比較只接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,ha只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,prevent,keep,dislike,avoid,risk,resist,considercan’thelp,feellike,succeedin,befondof,objectto,getdownto,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,beproudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,lookforwardto,devoteoneselfto,beworth,bebusy,payattentionto,stickto兩者都基本相同begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,need,want,require（接動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示意義若接不定式則應(yīng)用形式）意義相反stoptodo停止手中事，去做另一件 ng停止正在做的意義不同remember/forget/regrettodo（指動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）remember/forget/regretng（指動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）goontodo（接做另外一件事goon trytodo（設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力） ng（試試去做，看有何結(jié)果）meantodo（打算做，企圖做） ng（意識(shí)是，意味著）can’thelptodo（不能幫忙做）can’thelpng（要做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系及時(shí)間概念不定式ask,beg,expect,get,order,l,want,wish,encourage主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成Iheardhimcallmeseveraltihave,notice,see,watch,hear,feel,let,現(xiàn)在分notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，尚未完成Ifoundherlisteningtotheradio.過(guò)去分詞賓關(guān)系。動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別不定式與被修飾詞往往有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，一般式表示將來(lái)，進(jìn)行式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成式表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生Ihavealotofpaperstotype.Ihavealotofpaperstobe動(dòng)名詞常指被修飾詞的用途，無(wú)邏輯上的任何關(guān)系Shallwegototheswimmingpool?現(xiàn)在分詞與被修飾詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生theboilingwater/theboiledwaterthedevelocountry/thedevelopedcountrythefallingleaves/thefallenleaves過(guò)去分詞與被修飾詞之間是關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別不定式多表示一個(gè)特定的具體的將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)可以借助于不變，并且還能用what來(lái)提問(wèn)主語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。Mydreamistobecomeateacher.Toobeythelawis(dream,business,wish,idea,plan,duty,task做主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用動(dòng)名詞與不定式的功能區(qū)別不大，然而它更接近于名詞，表示的動(dòng)作比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)也可以用it做形式主語(yǔ)，做表語(yǔ)時(shí)可以和主語(yǔ)互換位置。ItisnousesayingthatagainandTeachingismy分詞無(wú)名詞的性質(zhì)，不能做主語(yǔ)。但是有形容詞的性質(zhì)，可以做表語(yǔ)多表明主語(yǔ)的特征性質(zhì)或者狀態(tài)等可被very,quite,rather等詞修飾現(xiàn)在分詞多含有“令人…,,”之意，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)特征，多表示主動(dòng)主語(yǔ)多為物過(guò)去分詞一般表示或主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)含有“感到…”之意，主語(yǔ)多是人。Thesituationisencouraging.Thebookiswell(常見(jiàn)分詞有astonishing,moving,tiring,disappointing,puzzling,shocking,boring,amusing及其-ed形式)定語(yǔ)從關(guān)系代詞who人主語(yǔ)Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？梢允÷?，但介詞提前時(shí)后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人賓語(yǔ)Mr.Smithisthe withwhomIamworkingTheboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..whoseIlikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistoTheboywhosefatherworksabroadismythat人，物語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人，物主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)Heissucha asisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as做賓語(yǔ)一般不省關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhere點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.inwhy因狀I(lǐng)can’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forthatwhich,who,whom的用法區(qū)別只用that的情況1行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代詞時(shí)。先行詞被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修先行詞有形容詞和序數(shù)詞修飾先行詞既指人又指物先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾句中已經(jīng)有whowhich時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)1.HetoldmeerythingthatheAllthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverWetalkedabout sandthingsthatweHeistheonlymanthatIwanttoWhoisthemanthatismakinga只用which,who,whom的情況1非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，只能用which指代物，用hom指人。先行詞本身是that時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用which,先行詞為those,one,時(shí)多用whoHehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.Ilikethe towhomtheteacheristalking.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyaswhich的區(qū)別：定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別例句限制性定語(yǔ)從句中詞前有such和thesame修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用as,不能用whichHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’t非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中aswhich都可以指代前面整個(gè)主句。如果s；而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放主句后，并無(wú)“正如”的意思。Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’tAsiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起修飾限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就TheaccidenthappenedatthetimewhenI 能用that引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)也不能省略。Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,diedtenyearsago.名詞性主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中做主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于名詞，一般置謂語(yǔ)之前，也可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句放主句之后that,whether,if,asif,asthough,who,whose,which,how,when,where,why,what,whatever,whoever,whereverWhetherhewillcomeornotdoesn’tmattermWhoevercomesherewill sasifitisgoingto賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中做賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于名詞Heaskedmewhichteamcouldwinthegame.同位語(yǔ)從句放在名詞之后(news,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,thought,hope,fact等)表明其具體內(nèi)容Youhavenoideahowworriedweare.Thefactthatheliedagaingreatlysurprised狀語(yǔ)從時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)when,whenever,while,as,before,after,until,till,bythetime,assoonas,hardly…when,nosooner…than,themoment,theminute,y,directly,instantly主句表示將來(lái)意義時(shí)，從句須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；while引導(dǎo)的從句中動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的；until用在肯定句中主句動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性的而否定句中主句動(dòng)詞為短暫地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)where,原因狀語(yǔ)because,as,since,nowthatbecause語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)since較弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as又次之。條件狀語(yǔ)if,unless,once,incase,aslongas,onconditionthat從目的狀語(yǔ)sothat,inorderthat,forfearthatsothat和inorder后常接may,could,would等情態(tài)動(dòng)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)so…that,比較狀語(yǔ)than,as…as,notso/as…as,themore…the方式狀語(yǔ)asif,asthough,asasifasthough引導(dǎo)的從句一般用讓步狀語(yǔ)though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,nomatterwhat,whatever,nomatterwho,whoever,nomatterwhich,whichever,nomatterhow,however,nomatterwhen,wheneveras在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中常用倒裝形式ough和though用正常語(yǔ)序，可和yet連用，但不可和but連用種類(lèi)裝條件完全倒裝here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子表示強(qiáng)調(diào)Outrushedthechildren.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)位于句首Underthetreestoodtwotablesandfourchairs.強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)，置于句首，或?yàn)楸３志渥悠胶釶resentatthemeetingwere1,000students.部分倒裝never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,notuntil,not等表示否定意義的副詞放于句首HardlydidIknowwhathadonly和修飾的狀語(yǔ)放于句首OnlythendidherealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.notonly…butalso連接并列的句子，前倒后不倒NotonlydoesheknowFrench,butalsoheisexpertatit.neither…nor…連接并列的句子，前后都倒裝NeitherdoIknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.so…that,such…that中的sosuch及修飾的成分放于句首時(shí)前倒后不倒Sobusyishethathecannotgoonaas引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)Childasheis,hehaslearnedaso,neither或nor表示前句內(nèi)容也適用于另外的人或事。Hecanplaythepiano.Socani.用于表示祝愿的祈使句中Mayyoubeingood省略if的虛擬條件WereIyou,Iwouldnotdoitinthis虛擬語(yǔ)類(lèi)別If引導(dǎo)的條件從句現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反句動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去式（bewere）主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：had+過(guò)去分主句動(dòng)詞：should/would/could/might+have+過(guò)去分詞IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisited與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反從句動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去式/should+動(dòng)詞/were+不定主句動(dòng)詞should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocam其它狀語(yǔ)從asif引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去完成Theyaretalkingasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforinorderthat/sothat引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞用can/could/may/might/would等+動(dòng)詞Turnonthelightsothatwecanseeit賓語(yǔ)從句demand,suggest,order,insist后接的從句中動(dòng)詞為動(dòng)詞suggestedthatwenotchangeourwish后的從句中分別用過(guò)去式，過(guò)去完成式和should/would+動(dòng)詞原形表示與現(xiàn)在，過(guò)去和將來(lái)情況相反IwishIcouldbeapopsinge主語(yǔ)從句Itisnecessary/important/strangethat…,Itissuggested/demanded/ordered/requestedthat…等從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞Itisstrangethatsucha shouldbeourfriends.其它句型中Itistimethat…句型中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形It’shightimethatwewouldrather所接的從句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或者過(guò)去完成式IwouldratheryoustayedathomeIfonly句型中動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式或者過(guò)去完成式表示愿望Ifonlyourdreamhadcome動(dòng)詞搭addto加，增進(jìn)addto…加進(jìn)…addup加addupto計(jì)，所有這一切說(shuō)breakawayfrom打破，脫breakdown毛病身體(精神)breakoff停，中斷breakin行進(jìn)入，插話breakinto入breakintopieces為碎breakoutbreakthroughbringaboutbringout出，

bringin入，引進(jìn)，掙錢(qián)bringback回想起bringdown下降，使callon號(hào)召，拜訪（callat訪、參觀（某地）callfor去叫,要求,需callup回憶召入伍callin召集，請(qǐng)來(lái)callout喊，高叫calloff消，不舉comeabout生，出現(xiàn)comedown跌，落，降，傳下comeincomeinto(sight/being/existcomeon臨comeout，結(jié)果comealong道來(lái)，趕cometo(anend/anagreement/astop)蘇醒合計(jì)comeover過(guò)來(lái)comeup芽，走近c(diǎn)omeacross然碰到comeback想起comefrom自，源自cutacross近c(diǎn)utdown倒，削cutup根拔除，切碎through斷，鑿穿cutout（?。┑?，戒cutindieof(disease/hunger/grief/oldage（疾病饑餓，diefrom（意外事故情形dieaway漸消dieout

diedown(爐火)漸熄dieoff一死去fallbehindfalloverone'sfeetfalldown下，跌fallback退，后gothrough過(guò)，經(jīng)goover習(xí)，檢goup（價(jià)格）上漲，建造起來(lái)goafter捕，追趕goagainstgoahead行，開(kāi)始吧，問(wèn)吧，goawaygoby間過(guò)goon(with)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行g(shù)owith配，陪同gowithout有，缺goout出，熄goallout力以gooff進(jìn)行變壞斷電，gobackon約，食gobeyondgetdownto力于，專(zhuān)心于getoff下,下車(chē)getin集，插（話getaway跑，逃脫，去休假getalongwith展，相getupgetthrough打通，完成，getround息傳getclosetosth近，幾getinto

gettogetback回，收getgiveaway，，出giveoff發(fā)出（光、熱、氣體givein(tosb.)giveup棄，讓?zhuān)ㄗ籬andin上，提ha