fast reading訓(xùn)練英語(yǔ)快速閱讀的技巧

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1fastreading訓(xùn)練英語(yǔ)快速閱讀的技巧110wpm,slowreader.240wpm,oralreader.400wpm,auditory

聽(tīng)覺(jué)的reader.1000wpm,visualreader.第1頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Fastreadinginvolvesthreemajorareas:1.comprehension,2.recognitionofnewwordsand3.flexibility靈活性inreadingspeed.Thebestwaytoimproveyourfastreadingabilityis,ofcourse,toread.Trainingthevisualsysteminconjunctionwithanalysis,criticismandsynthesis綜合分析isthekeytoreadingimprovement.Efficientreadingrequirestheuseofvariousproblem-solvingskills,suchasskimming

略讀readingandscanning

快讀reading,detailedreadingandguessingunknownwordsandsoon.第2頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Skimming第3頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)SkimmingunderstandingthemainideaofthematerialpartialreadingusedforlightreadingorreviewingfastestspeedComparatively相對(duì)的，比較的

lowerlevelofcomprehensionselectivelyomittingpartsofthematerialrememberingasmanydetailsaspossible第4頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Howtoskim?Readthefirstoneortwoparagraphs(usu.Entirely完全地)soastogetanoverallpictureofthematerial;(introduction)Readthekeysentences(usu.thefirstandthelast)oftheparagraphsinthemiddle;whiledoingthis,trytoremembersomeimportantwordsrelatedtothetopic;Readtheconcludingparagraphs(usu.entirely)soastofindtheconclusion/summary.(Introductionoftopic/subjectmatter/writingpurpose,etc.–Illustration/supportingdetails–conclusionthatechoestheintroduction)第5頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Usetheskillofrecognizingtypesofparagraphsinordertosavetimewhensummarizingthemainideaefficiently.Ifthemainideaisnotsummarizedinanyonesentence,trytodetectitfromseveralsentences.Takeadvantageoftypographical印刷上，排字上details,suchbolded-facedwords,italicizedwords,titlesandsubtitles,footnotes,etc.Payattentiontowordsandphraseswhichindicatelogicalrelationship邏輯關(guān)系inthecontext.(e.g.Adversativeconjunctions轉(zhuǎn)折連詞andcoordinatingconjunctions并列連詞)第6頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)SkimmingExercises第7頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Theconceptofanationalparkdiffersfromnationtonation.InAustralia,theUnitedStatesandJapanthelandinnationalparksisgovernment-ownedandthemanagementoftheseparksisdecidedbygovernmentpolicy.Activitiessuchashousingorindustrywithintheparksarediscouraged.InBritain,nationalparksarequitedifferent.ParkssuchastheLakeDistrict,DartMoorandExmoreincludetownsandvillageswherelargenumbersofpeoplelive.Muchofthelandinthesenationalparksisprivatelyowned,buttherearestrictcontrolsonitsuse,andontheappearanceofthelandscapeandbuildings,someofwhich(includingwholevillages)areheritageitems.ThisstyleofnationalparkiswellsuitedtothescenicareasofBritainwherehumaninfluencessuchashouses,farmsandfieldsarepartofthebeauty,andcombinewithnaturalscenerytoproduceanoverallattractiveness.InAfricaandSouthernAsia,largenationalparkshavebeensetuptopreserveanimalsinparticular.Thelandwithinthesenationalparksisownedbythegovernment,buttherearemanyprivatedevelopments,suchashotelsandshops,forthevisitorswhocometoseetheanimals.第8頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Thispassagemainlydiscusses________.a.Thepurposeofnationalparks b.Nationalparksindifferentnationsc.Thelocationsofnationalparks d.Theconceptofnationalparks第9頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)P(yáng)ara.1:theconceptofanationalparkdiffersfromnationtonation.Para.1:Australia,theUnitedStatesandJapanPara.2:BritainPara.3:AfricaandSouthernAsia第10頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Theaveragehumanspends1/3ofhisorherlifetimesleeping.Imaginehowmuchpeoplecouldaccomplishiftheyspentlesstimesleeping.Formanyhighschoolstudents,gettingenoughrestisnotapriority.ANationalSleepFoundationsurveyconfirmsthatteensarestayinguptoolateatnight,usuallygetting7hoursofsleepinsteadoftherecommended9hours.Althoughteenagers’internalclocksarepartiallytoblamefornotsleepingearlier,manystudentslosesleepbecauseofschool.Schoolsshouldallowstudentsampletimeforsleep,takingjobs,sports,andotherextracurricularactivitiesintoconsideration.Studentswhoareextremelybusyandlosesleepasaresultshouldnothavetodroptheiractivitiesinordertogetmorerest.Withcollegesbecomingincreasinglycompetitive,itisunreasonableforstudentstobeforcedtochoosebetweensleepingandexcelling.第11頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Thewriterisconcernedabout________.a.sleeptimeoftheaveragehuman b.thepriorityofsleepc.teenagers’internalclocks d.teensandtheirsleep第12頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)P(yáng)ara.1:highschoolstudents,teens,teenagers,sleeping,sleepPara.2:Schoolsshouldallowstudentsmuchtimeforsleep.Para.3:Studentsshouldhaveenoughsleepandexcelatthesametime.第13頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)ThetemperatureoftheSunisover5,000degreesFahrenheitatthesurface,butitrisestoperhapsmorethan16milliondegreesatthecenter.TheSunissomuchhotterthantheEarththatmattercanexistonlyasagas,exceptatthecore.InthecoreoftheSun,thepressuresaresogreatagainstthegasesthat,despitethehightemperature,theremaybeasolidcore.However,noonereallyknows,sincethecenteroftheSuncanneverbedirectlyobserved.SolarastronomersdoknowthattheSunisdividedintofivelayersorzones.StartingattheoutsideandgoingdownintotheSun,thezonesarethecorona,chromosphere,photosphere,convectionzone,andfinallythecore.ThefirstthreezonesareregardedastheSun’satmosphere.ButsincetheSunhasnosolidsurface,itishardtotellwheretheatmosphereendsandthemainbodyoftheSunbegins.第14頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Thesecondparagraphmainlydealswith________.a.thedivisionbetweenatmosphereandthe Sun’smainbodyb.thestudyoftheatmospherec.thestudyofthesun d.thestructureoftheSun第15頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)P(yáng)ara.1:ThetemperatureoftheSunPara.2:theSunisdividedintofivelayersorzones第16頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Stutteringiscausedbypoorconnectionsbetweentwoareasinthelefthemisphereofthebrain,Germanresearcherssaidrecently.Althoughscientistsknewthatstuttering–theinvoluntaryrepetitionofconsonants,soundsorwords–hadageneticlink,howandwhyitoccurshasremainedamystery.Germanscientists,usingmagneticresonance（共振）imaging(MRI)tolookintothebrainsofpeoplewhostutter,haveuncoverednewclues.“Fibersbetweenthespeechareaandlanguageplanningareaofthebrainseemtobedisrupted”,saidDr.ChristianBusheloftheUniversityofHamburg.Thedisturbedtiminginthespeech-relatedareasinthebraincausesthedifficultythatusuallybeginsbetweentheagesofthreeandfiveandaffectsupto7percentofchildrenandonepercentofadult.第17頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Thislastparagraphmainlydiscusses________.a.whatstutteringis b.causesofstutteringc.solutiontostuttering d.peopleliabletostuttering第18頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)P(yáng)ara.1:IntroducingthatGermanresearchers’recentfindingsaboutthecauseofstuttering.Para.2:researchquestionsParas.3–4:detailsoftheirfindings第19頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Scanning第20頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)ScanningUsedforlookingforspecificinformationPurposefulnessAccuracy第21頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Howtoscan?keepinmindexactlywhatitisyouaresearchingfor;letyoureyesrunrapidlyoverseverallinesofprintatatime;payattentiontothewordingoftheinformationthatmaybedifferentfromthewordingofwhatyouwant;(wordclassandwordassociation)Ifthematerialisfamiliarorrelativelybrief,youmaybeabletoscantheentirebodyofthetextinasinglesearch;Ifthematerialislengthyordifficult,apreliminary準(zhǔn)備，開(kāi)始skimmingtofindthepartofthetextinwhichtoscanforparticularinformationwillbemorehelpful.第22頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)ScanningExercises第23頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)ScanningExercise1:EyeMovementsReadacrosstheline,fromlefttoright,asfastasyoucanandcirclethewordsthatarethesameastheunderlinedword.fat far fat father future speak spell spoke speaks speak here hear heard here him telephone talk telephone type talkfifty fifteen fifty five four China Chinese chair China camepeople person people private pull terrible tell type typical pencilhandsome hand handle handsome hurt street strong stop stare street第24頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)ScanningExercise2:ScanningforinformationHereisaTableofContentsfromabeginner’sbookinEnglishasaSecondLanguage.Lookatitandanswerthequestions.Whatunittellsyouaboutmeat,fruitandvegetables? Whatunittellsyouabouthats,coatsanddresses? Whatunittellsyouabouttelevisions,calculatorsandcars? Whatunittellsyouaboutbrothers,sistersandcousins? WhatunittellsyouaboutJanuary,FebruaryandMarch? TableofContents Unit1 SayHello!----------------------------------------------3 Unit2 TheClothesYouWear----------------------------12 Unit3 TheJobsYouDo-----------------------------------24 Unit4 TheFoodsYouEat--------------------------------38 Unit5 ThePeopleinYourFamily-----------------------44 Unit6 TheRoomsinYourHouse-----------------------60 Unit7 TheDaysoftheWeek-----------------------------68 Unit8 TheWeather-----------------------------------------74 Unit9 ThePlacesYouGo---------------------------------83 Unit10 TheMachinesYouUse----------------------------92 Unit11 TheSortsYouPlay--------------------------------104 Unit12 ThePartsofBody----------------------------------114

第25頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)ScanningExercise3:ScanningforinformationLookoverthebusschedulequickly,andthenanswerthequestions.1.ThefirstbusfromYorktown:Departingtimeis________.a.11:00a.m. b.4:00p.m. c.6:00a.m.2.ThebustripfromYorktowntoBoxfordis________.a.twohours b.onehour c.threehours3.ThefirstbusfromBoxfordtoYorktownisat________.a.1:20p.m. b.8:30a.m. c.6:00a.m.4.Thereare________morningbustripstoBoxford.a.one b.two c.three5.Thepriceofaone-wayticketfromBoxfordtoYorktownis________.a.$5.00 b.$10.00 c.$15.00BusScheduleHudsonBusCompanyYORKTOWN–BOXFORD TIMEOF TIMEOFDEPARTING DEPARTURE ARRIVING ARRIVALYOURTOWN 6:00a.m. BOXFORD 8:00a.m.BOXFORD 8:30a.m. YORKTOWN 10:30a.m.YORKTOWN 11:00a.m. BOXFORD 1:00p.m.BOXFORD 1:30p.m. YORKTOWN 3:30p.m.YORKTOWN 4:00p.m. BOXFORD 6:00p.m.第26頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Skimmingvs.ScanningFindingawordinthedictionary;Locatingacertainstreetortownonamap;Findingacertaintrain'sdeparturetimeinatraintimetable;Lookingfornewsofaspecificathlete,meeting,ortrafficaccidentinthenewspaper;Findingthesubject,author,ortitleyouwantinthelibrary'scardcatalogorontheshelf;Locatinginformationinabookindexortableofcontents.Rereadingmaterialyouhavealreadystudied.Lookingoverandsortoutyourmail.Flippingthroughanewbookormagazine.Keepinginformedinageneralwayaboutthenews.第27頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Skimming:generalScanning:specific第28頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)SpeedReading第29頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)VisualSpanThevisualspan視覺(jué)廣度orattentionwindowistheareathatthebrainhasselectedtoanalyzewithfulldetailduringafixation.注視Theeyeshavethecapacitytoperceive看見(jiàn)withsufficientdetailtextinanareaofroughly30characterswideby10lineshigh.Howeverasreadingisnotonlyseeing,thislargespancannotbeexploited開(kāi)發(fā).Fortheaveragereadervisualspancorrespondstooneword;whileforthegoodreaderitisaboutfivewordsatatime.第30頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Mostpeoplereadonewordatatime,sayingthewordtothemselves.Thisisaslowwayofdoingthetask,especiallywhenyourmindiscapableofprocessinginformationatamuchhigherrate.LookatgroupsofwordsOneoftheprimarytricksinspeed-readingistolookatphrasesandgroupsofwordsinsteadofindividualwords.Insteadofreadingword-by-word,youreadinchunks大量的ofinformation.Youdon'thavetosaythewordtounderstandwhatitmeans.Groupingwords第31頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)Thedogisgoingtothestoretoeatbacon.Thedogisgoingtothestoretoeatbacon.Bybreakingthissentencedowninthoselocations,youcanreaditmuchfastersinceyouonlyhavetostopandprocessfivetimes(withchunking)asopposedtotentimes(word-by-word).第32頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)P(yáng)racticewithnewspaperTryreadingseveralwords,aphrase,orevenasentenceatatime.Agoodwaytopracticethisistoreadnewspaperarticlesbyscanningdownthecolumn專(zhuān)欄，列,digestingallthewordsacross,insteadofreadingeachwordatatime.Anewspapercolumnusuallyhas4or5wordsperline,andyoushouldbeabletoprocessallofthematonce.Thismethodisoneofthebestforgettingusedtoreadingphasesinsteadofwords.Justpracticingreadingthiswayshouldnoticeablyincreaseyourspeed.第33頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)BritishGasisatyourserviceallwinter.Theweatherforecastsaysthatcoldweatheriscoming.Afalloffivedegreescentigradecancausea20%increaseintheuseofgas,sotheengineersatBritishGassentouttheweatherinformationtotheircompressorstation.Thelocalworkersturnonthejetengines,whichincreasetheflowofgasthroughthepipelines.So,withplanningandtheskillsofitsengineeringforce,BritishGasmeetsthechangingdemandsthattheBritishclimatemakes.Partsofthecountrymaybecutoffbysnow,butthegasneverfails.第34頁(yè)/共39頁(yè)BritishGasis//atyourservice//allwinter.Theweatherforecastsays//thatcoldweatheriscoming.//Afalloffivedegreescentigrade//cancausea20%increase//intheuseofgas,//sotheengineersatBritishGas//sentouttheweatherinformation//totheircompressorstation.//Thelocalworkers//turnonthejetengines,whichincreasetheflowofgas//throughthepipelines.So,withplanningandtheskills//ofitsengineeringforce,//BritishGasmeets//thechangingdemands//thattheBritishclimatemakes.//Partsofthe