2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：讀后續(xù)寫之對話高分技巧(1)課件30張

讀后續(xù)寫微技能

———“說”

04/原版小說03/四大技巧02/標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號01/注意要點(diǎn)目錄英文原版借鑒

-----LittleWomen

Chapter101Chapter1Playingpilgrams“CHRISTMASwon'tbeChristmaswithoutanypresents,”grumbledJo,lyingontherug.“It'ssodreadfultobepoor!”sighedMeg,lookingdownatherolddress.“Idon'tthinkit'sfairforsomegirlstohaveplentyofprettythings,andothergirlsnothingatall,”addedlittleAmy,withaninjuredsniff.“We'vegotFatherandMotherandeachother,”saidBethcontentedlyfromhercorner.抱怨；嘟囔Thefouryoungfacesonwhichthefirelightshonebright-enedatthecheerfulwords,butdarkenedagainasJosaidsadly,“Wehaven'tgotFather,andshallnothavehimforalongtime.”Shedidn'tsay“perhapsnever,”buteachsilently

addedit,thinkingofFatherfaraway,wherethefightingwas.Nobodyspokeforaminute;thenMegsaidinanalteredtone,“YouknowthereasonMotherproposednothavinganypresentsthisChristmaswasbecauseitisgoingtobeahardwinterforeveryone;andshethinksweoughtnottospendmoneyforpleasure,whenourmenaresufferingsointhearmy.Wecan'tdomuch,butwecanmakeourlittlesacrifices,andoughttodoitgladly.ButIamafraidIdon't.”AndMegshookherhead,asshethoughtregretfullyofalltheprettythingsshewanted.“ButIdon'tthinkthelittleweshouldspendwoulddoanygood.We'veeachgotadollar,andthearmywouldn'tbemuchhelpedbyourgivingthat.IagreenottoexpectanythingfromMotheroryou,butIdowanttobuyUndineandSintramformyself.I'vewanteditsolong,”saidJo,whowasabookworm.“Iplannedtospendmineinnewmusic,”saidBeth,withalittlesigh,whichnooneheardbutthehearthbrushandkettleholder.02對話描寫注意要點(diǎn)

美國作家兼寫作導(dǎo)師GloriaKempton的一番話道出了對話的重要性:“對話不僅為頁面留白，創(chuàng)造視覺上的吸引力，還令故事中的人物生動鮮活，創(chuàng)造情感上的吸引力。故事背景若通過對話場景展示，我們會興趣大增。對話透露了人物的動機(jī)，展現(xiàn)了與其表面活動截然相反的目標(biāo)。充滿張力的人物對話能使讀者了解人物的內(nèi)心世界，并為故事發(fā)展制造懸念。對話場景經(jīng)展開便可加快故事的節(jié)奏。對話使讀者對故事背景產(chǎn)生身臨其境之感。”1）對話描寫必須為推動故事情節(jié)服務(wù)，是情節(jié)發(fā)展的一個環(huán)節(jié)，每段出現(xiàn)一兩句即可；2）對話描寫必須反映人物的心理與情感，刻畫人物的性格；3）對話描寫不宜過長，側(cè)重口語化詞匯，避開生僻詞匯；4）對話描寫要盡可能結(jié)合動作描寫，明確對誰說，具有畫面感；5）對話描寫中要學(xué)會使用幾個感嘆詞，表示說話人的喜、怒、哀、樂等情緒。02標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號和大小寫

準(zhǔn)確標(biāo)點(diǎn)，使人物對話“完整”1.

對話標(biāo)簽在前Shesaid,“Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIhaven’tfinishedmyhomework.”2.

對話標(biāo)簽在后“Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIhaven’tfinishedmyhomework，”shesaid.3.

對話標(biāo)簽在句子中間“Iwouldliketogowithyou,”shesaid,“butIhaven’tfinishedmyhomework.”（引用內(nèi)容放在sb.said前面時，引號內(nèi)不能用句號結(jié)尾，只能用逗號，除感嘆號和問號外。）"Mr.Craven?"Maryaskedinastonishment."Well,Idolikebirds!"Marygrinned.注意：對話標(biāo)簽在后或者在句子中間時（第2,3種情況），如果主語是名詞，則可以倒裝。而代詞不可以倒裝，saidshe是錯誤的。“Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIhaven’tfinishedmyhomework,”saidEmily（或者Emilysaid.）“Iwouldliketogowithyou,”saidEmily/Emilysaid,“butIhaven’tfinishedmyhomework.”對話模式舉例1.

"....,"hesaid,

doing

...

--say后接分詞作狀語1)"Ididn'tknowwhatIwasdoing,"shesaid,laughingatthememory.2)"I'llgetussomecoffee,"shesaid,headingforthekitchen.3)"That'snice,"Alexsaidquietly,focusingonhisplate.4)"Veryclever,"saidtheteacher,noddinghisheadasifpleased.5)"Uncle,forgiveme,Ididthat...unintentionally,"hesaid,pointingtothebrokenglass.6)"Wedon'tdoanyharm,"saidtheboy,evidentlyfrightenedbymywords.2.

"...,"hesaid,

as/when/before/asif...

--say后接時間狀語從句1)"Watchout!"sheshouted,asthecarstartedtomove.2)"Whatabeauty!"saidthenurseasshecametothedoor.3.

"....,"hesaid,

and

(thenhe)did....--say后接and,先后動作或構(gòu)成并列句1)"Goodmorning,children!"saidtheminister,andhekindlyshookhandswithboth.2)"Yes,Ithinkso,"hesaidreluctantly,andleftthestudy.3)"Comehere,"saidthelittleman,andtookhertooneofthecornersofthebuilding.4.

"....,"hesaid,

“...”--say后接要說的另一句話1)"Sheisaveryadmirableandexcellentyoungwoman,"saidLily,"andyoumustgoandhelpher."2)"Sinceyoulovehimsowell,"saidtheking,"Iwilltellyousomething.

5.

"....,"saidtheman,

who...

--用定語從句補(bǔ)充說明說話的人1)"Idon'tknow,"saidZeb,whowasstillconfused.2)"Toyourhealth!"saidMr.White,whoalsoemptiedhisglass,andwipedhismouthwithhishandkerchief.

6.

"....,"hesaid+方式副詞(-ly)或短語,

--作狀語修飾say1）"Ofcourse,"Nacyrepliedwithasmile.2）"I'msorry,"shesaidwithasigh.3）"Buttheydon'tunderstandourtalkatall,"saidthedancerwithapuzzledsmile.4）"Natasha,youloveme?"shesaid

inasofttrustfulwhisper.5）"CometoyourPapaatonce,please!"saidshewithastrangelook.對話描寫四個技巧03細(xì)節(jié)描寫，令人物對話顯“豐滿”標(biāo)題

以《典范英語10秘密花園》為例，通過對話描寫的技巧分析和佳句賞析，來探討和學(xué)習(xí)

人物對話描寫的寫作技能，更深層次地把握人物對話描寫的準(zhǔn)確傳神。

(1)Marshachewedherlip."Don'ttellnobodyItoldyouthat,willyou?I'llbeinsuchtroubleifyoudo."(P11)

(2)Colinglaredather."Youdidn’tcometoseeme!"(P50)

(3)"Ishan't!"Marysaid,stungasifshehadbeenaccusedofsomething.(4)"I’vemetDickon!Hebroughtmethingsforthegardon,”shegasped,hurlingherselfintotheirchairatherdiningtable.(P30)(5))"Idon'tlikethemoors,"Marysaidrememberingthebleak,blackwildernesstheyhadcrossedthedaybefore.(P11)“chewedherlip”，用具體動作代替nervous具體動作代替angryasif虛擬語氣，描繪出了說話人當(dāng)時惱羞成怒的樣子。(4)(5)中都運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)作狀語表示伴隨或原因，描寫說話人說話時的伴隨動作。Waystoexpress“say”morevividlyTip1UsedifferentverbsTip2Useverbs+adv

Tip3Useverbs+prepphraseTip4Useverbs+伴隨狀語（adj,doing,done）

說道________回答道________問道_________補(bǔ)充說_______解釋道________嘆氣地說_______

承認(rèn)道_______同意地說_______大笑地說_______尖叫道_________大聲地吼道________________通知________

承諾________宣布__________

安慰________

道歉________陳述_______低/耳語________

低語/嘟囔_______辯論______抱怨道________

爭論_______說服________

shout/yell/roarlaughsayreplyaskaddexplainsighadmitagreescream/exclaiminformcomplaincomfortmurmurpromisewhisperstateannounceapologizeTip1Usedifferentverbsarguepersuadedebate

1)_______________激動地說

2)said________輕柔地說

3)_____________冷靜地說

4)replied________________________

不冷不熱地說5)answered________膽怯地說

6)________________冷冷地回答

timidly

saidexcitedlyrepliedcoldlysaidcalmlyhalfcoldly,halfkindlysoftlyTip2Useverbs+adv

1)saidMr.Wilson_____________________________

一臉嚴(yán)肅地2)hesaid______________________

用一種堅定地語調(diào)3)Hesaid__________他慌慌張張地說4)shesaid______________________

用一種堅定地表情5)Jennylaughed________________興奮地笑了起來

6)saidthestranger_________________冷笑著說7)Sheasked____________________

用一種夢幻般地語調(diào)說

inadream-likevoiceinaflurrywithaseriouslookonhisfaceinadetermined/firmvoicewithadeterminedlookwithexcitementwithacoldsmileTip3Useverbs+prepphrases

1)saidNewland,__________________

心里暗自高興

2)shebeggedhim,______________________眼睛充滿恐懼3)shesaid,_________________________

眼睛在跳躍著/閃閃4)shemurmured,______________________

又沮喪又擔(dān)憂

upsetandconcernedhereyesdancing/shininghereyesfilledwithfearsecretlydelightedTip4Useverbs+伴隨狀語（adj,doing,done）2023/1/18⑴Ashepassedthemilkontoher,mumsaidthatshehadsomethingforhimtoo.⑵Ashepassedthemilkontoher,mumsaid“Wait,Ihavesomethingforyoutoo.”

④---“Hereyouare.”

(Hepassedthemilkontoher.)⑤---“Wait,Ihavesomethingforyoutoo.”

“Surpriseforyou,dear!”2.

對話描寫過多，不夠精簡。3.追求花哨，過度使用對話標(biāo)簽“Thatisfantasticnews,”hesaidhappily.此句中完全沒有必要加上一個happily來表達(dá)說的方式，因為句中的fantastic一詞足以說明說話人了表情，過度強(qiáng)調(diào)

會讓讀者的注意力集中在“說話的方式”而不是“說話的內(nèi)容”。建議改為：“Thatisfantasticnews！”hesaid/screamed/exclaimed.一個感嘆號和一個fantastic已經(jīng)足以讓讀者想象當(dāng)時的情景。適當(dāng)?shù)摹八囆g(shù)留白”也是需要的，這樣會留給讀者想象的空間。還有一種避免過度的dialoguetags的方法是運(yùn)用“動作描寫”，尤其是表情上動作來取而代之。如：Hereyesreflectedthecandlelightasshesmiledatherson.

“Everyoneisunique.Justfollowyourheartandbeyourself!”當(dāng)她對兒子微笑時，她的眼睛反射著燭光?！懊總€人都是獨(dú)一無二的。只要跟隨你的心，做你自己！”4.

對話對象十分明確，仍使用對話標(biāo)簽“Itoldyoualready,”Isaid,glaring.評析：此句貌似豪華，其實對話中的主語“I”已經(jīng)清晰地說明了說話者，完全沒有必要用對話標(biāo)簽“Isaid”

來說說話對象。糾正方法：加上一點(diǎn)動作描寫就可以避免這種錯誤，并且提升語言的生動性。Iglaredathim.

“Itoldyoualready.”以讀促寫情景賞析:Jane和Rochester的經(jīng)典對白"ItellyouImustgo!"Janeretorted,rousedtosomethinglikepassion(被熱情之類的東西喚醒/激起berousedtosth.),"Doyouthink,becauseIampoor,obscure(默默無聞),plain(長相平庸),andlittle,Iamsoulessandheartless?”Rochesterwasspeechless,eyebrowsfrowned.“Youthinkwrong!Ihaveasmuchsoulasyou,andfullasmuchheart!"respondedJane,withhereyesfocusedonRochester,expectingthereply.

仿寫：阿甘正傳的經(jīng)典片段“Hello.Myname’sForrest.ForrestGump,”Gumpventured,rousedtosomethinglikeinterest.Thewomannoddedwithnoreply,eyesfocusedonherbook.“Doyouwantachocolate?”askedGump,withaboxofchocolatesinhishandandcontinued,”Mymamaalwayssaidlifewaslikeaboxofchocolates.Youneverknowwhatyou’regoingtoeat,”mumbledGump,expectingthereply.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動積累1."Ishouldn'ttellyouthat!"heblurtedout.

脫口說道2."Why,whatonearthdoesthismean,John?"hestammered.結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地3.Isaywithanedgeofbitte