詞匯前綴和單詞

會計學(xué)1詞匯前綴和單詞evoke,convoke,provoke,revoke這一組詞共享詞根vok，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為voc，為“聲音、呼喚(voiceortocall)”之意。evokev.喚起,引起e-(out)+vok(tocall)

evocationn.喚出,喚起,招魂

evocativeadj.喚出的,喚起的

Thatoldfilmevokedourfathergeneration'smemoriesoftheyearsofthewar.convokev.召集

con-(together)+vok(tocall)

convocationn.集會,召集

ThePrimeMinister

convokedParliamenttodecideapolicy.第1頁/共82頁provokev.激怒,挑撥,煽動,惹起

pro-(forward)+vok(tocall)

provocationn.激怒,刺激,挑釁

provocativeadj.煽動的；挑釁的

Heclaimedthatitwasherrudenessthat

provokedhimtostrikeher.revokev.撤回,廢除

revocationn.撤回

irrevocableadj.不能取消的

Herlicensewasrevoked.第2頁/共82頁由詞根voc及其變體構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：voicen.vocaladj.advocatev.&n.

ad-(to)+voc(tocall)+-ate(person)vocationn.

voc(tocall)+-ation(thestateorresult）

vocationaladj.vocabularyn.

voc(word)+abul(able)+-ary(thing)=wholebodyofwordsvoweln.*第3頁/共82頁compel,impel,dispel,repel,expel,propel這一組詞共享詞根pel，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為puls，為“驅(qū)使、推動(todrive,topush)”之意。compelv.強迫,迫使

com-(emphatic)+pel(todrive,push)

compulsionn強迫，強制

compulsoryadj.強迫的，義務(wù)的，必需做的

Myconsciencecompelsmetotellthetruth.impelv.推進,激勵,驅(qū)使

im-(on)+pel(todriveorpush)

impulsionn.驅(qū)使；沖動

impulsiveadj.有推動力的;沖動的

Hesaidhehadbeenimpelledtocrimebypoverty.

第4頁/共82頁dispelv.驅(qū)散,驅(qū)逐,使消散

dis-(away)+pel(todriveorpush)

Thesunsoondispelledthethickfogoverthefield.repelv.擊退,抵制,使厭惡

re-(back)+pel(todrive)

repulsionn.推斥,排斥

repulsiveadj.推斥的,排斥的

Electricchargesofthesamesignrepeloneanother.expelv.驅(qū)逐,開除,排出

ex-(out)+pel(todrive)

expulsionn.逐出,開除

expulsiveadj.逐出的,開除的

Afterhisexpulsionfromthecabinettheministerbecamethesubjectofasmearcampaign.Itseemsthemediaandthepublicaliketakepleasureinhittingamanwhenhe'sdown.第5頁/共82頁propelv.推進,驅(qū)使

pro-(forward)+pel(todrive)

propulsionn.推進,推進力

propulsiveadj.推進的,有推進力的

Thisaircraftworksbyjetpropulsion

第6頁/共82頁由詞根pel及其變體構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：pulsen.impulsen.impulsiveadj.Apollo

push

appealpolishPolitepushup*第7頁/共82頁precede,recede,retrocede,intercede,accede,concede這一組詞共享詞根ced，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為cess，并有變體ceed，為“走動(togo)”之意。

precedev.領(lǐng)先于,先于

pre-(before)+ced(togo)

precessionn.先行

Heprecededhisspeechwithwelcometotheguests.recedev.后退

re-(back)+ced(togo)

recessionn.撤回,退回,衰退

Asthetiderecededwewereabletolookforshells.Ifwecanpullthroughthisrecession,wewillbeingoodshape.retrocedev.回去，后退

retro-(backward)+ced(togo)

retrocessionn.退卻

Undertheviolentattack,theenemyretrocededtotheforest.第8頁/共82頁intercedev.調(diào)解，求情

inter-(between)+ced(togo)

intercessionn.代為求情,代禱,調(diào)解

Thelawyerintercededwiththegovernorforacondemnedman.accedev.同意,加入

ac-(toward)+ced(togo)accessionn.就職,就任

Onhisaccessiontothethrone,heinheritedvastestate.concedev.勉強,承認,退讓

con-(thoroughly)+ced(togo)

concessionn.讓步

YoumustconcedethatIhavetriedmybest.

Employersmadeconcessionstotheworkersinnegotiations.第9頁/共82頁由詞根ced構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：ceduren.

pro-(forward)+ced(togo)+-ure(manner)幻燈片13succeedv.

suc-(sub:fromunder)+ceed(togo)

successn.

successionn.

successorn.

successiveadj.accessn.

ac-(ad:to)+cess(togo)exceedv.

excessn.

excessiveadj.*announce第10頁/共82頁A．a(chǎn)nce-,ante-ancestorn.antecedev.antennan.B．fore-foregroundn.foresee

v.foretellv.

forecastn.&v.第11頁/共82頁C．pre-prefacen.precautionn.preliminaryadj.。D．pro-progressn.→sperv.→prosperousadj.繁榮的E．ex-ex-presidentn.幻燈片12第12頁/共82頁supersede,succeed,proceed,exceed,accede,antecede,cede,concede,intercede,precede,recede,secede第13頁/共82頁announce,denounce,enounce,pronounce,renounce這一組詞共享詞根nounc，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為nunc，為“呼喊(totellorspeak)”之意。announcev.宣布,通告

an-(toward)+nounc(tocall)

announcementn.宣告,發(fā)表

Thegovernmentannouncedthattheywouldbuildanewhighwaytothemountain.denouncev.公開指責(zé),公然抨擊

de-

(down)+nounc

(tocall)

denunciationn.譴責(zé),告發(fā)

Theminister'sactionwasdenouncedinthenewspaper.

enouncev.宣言,聲明,說出

e-(out)+nounc(tocall)

enunciationn.宣言,聲明

Heenouncedhisrevolutionaryfaith,hishatredofcapitalism.第14頁/共82頁pronouncev.發(fā)音,宣告,斷言

pro-(forward)+nounc(tocall)

pronunciationn.發(fā)音

Theministerwasaskedtopronounceontheproposednewlegislation.

renouncev.放棄

re-(back)+nounc(tocall)幻燈片17

renunciationn.放棄,棄權(quán),脫離關(guān)系

Herenouncedhisclaimtotheproperty.

*declaim第15頁/共82頁A．post-postponev.posthumousadj.B．re-

retreatv.&n.reflectv.resistv.revoltv.&n.retaliatev.→retaliationn.C．retro-retrospectv.&n.幻燈片16第16頁/共82頁declaim,exclaim,proclaim,acclaim,disclaim,reclaim這一組詞共享詞根claim，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為clam，為“呼喊(tocalloutorshout)”之意。

declaimv.慷慨陳詞,高聲朗讀，猛烈抨擊，演講

de-(completely)+claim(toshout)

declamationn.雄辨

ThemayordeliveredalongdeclamationontheNationalDay.

exclaimv.呼喊,驚叫,大聲叫

ex-(out)+claim(toshout)exclamation(n.驚呼,感嘆)

Tclaimv.宣布,聲明

pro-(forward)+claim(toshout)

proclamationn.宣布

Theringingbellsproclaimedthenewsofthebirthoftheprince.第17頁/共82頁acclaimv.&n.喝彩,歡呼

ac-(toward)+claim(toshout)

acclamationn.喝彩,歡呼

Hewasacclaimedasthewinner.

disclaimv.放棄,棄權(quán),否認

dis-(away)+claim(toshout)

disclamationn.放棄

Theemployerdisclaimedallresponsibilityforthefireaccident.reclaimv.要求歸還,回收,開墾

re-(back)+claim(toshout)

reclamationn.開墾,改造,回收

Youmaybeentitledtoreclaimsomeofthetaxyoupaidlastyear.第18頁/共82頁由詞根claim構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：clamourn.&v.喧鬧，叫嚷，大聲要求

clam(toshout)+our(thestate)

clamorousadj.大喊大叫的

Owenpaused,andimmediatelytherearoseagreatclamourfromthelisteners.*第19頁/共82頁confuse,diffuse,effuse,profuse,suffuse,infuse這一組詞共享詞根fus，為“熔化，澆注(tomeltorpour)”之意，fund

和found

為此詞根的變體。

confusev.使混亂，混淆

con-(together)+fus(tomelt)

confusionn.混亂，混淆

TheyaskedmesomanyquestionsthatIgotconfused.diffusev.散播,傳播,漫射,擴散

dif-(away)+fus(tomelt)

diffusionn.擴散,傳播,漫射

Adropofmilkdiffusedinthewater,anditbecamecloudy.

effusev.涌出,流出,瀉出，傾吐，抒發(fā)

ef-(out)+fus(tomelt)

effusionn.流出物,瀉出

Thecriticsobjectedtohisliteraryeffusionbecauseitwastooflowery.第20頁/共82頁profuseadj.極其豐富的

pro-(forward)+fus(topour)

profusionn.豐富

Thereisaprofusionofflowersinthegardeninsummer.suffusev.彌漫于,充滿或擴散

suf-(down)+fus(topour)

suffusionn.

Hereyesweresuffusedwithwarm,excitedtears.

infusev.灌輸,注入幻燈片24

infusionn.灌輸

Theleaderhadthegiftofbeingabletoinfuseenthusiasmintothemostskepticalmemberofthegroup.第21頁/共82頁由詞根fus構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：refundv.fusev.refusev.foundv.foundern.foundryn.funneln.refutev.*aggress第22頁/共82頁A．im-,in-,il-,ir-imprisonv.impulsen.&v.inflatev.inflationn.illustratev.illustrationn.irrigatev.irrigationn.B．em-,en-embracen.&v.

enrollv.&n.第23頁/共82頁A．ex-前綴ex-有多個變體，如：e-,ec-和ef-，表示三種含義：1）out,outof（出來）,2)former（前任）,3)thoroughlyandcompletely（完全），此前綴的構(gòu)詞能力很強，主要構(gòu)成以下詞匯：emerge

v.

excludev.B.exo-exoticadj.C.extra-extracurricularadj.幻燈片22第24頁/共82頁aggress,digress,egress,regress,transgress,progress,retrogress

這一組詞共享詞根gress，為“行走(tostep)”之意，來自于拉丁語gradus，因而有變體grad和gred。

aggressv.攻擊,侵犯

ag(toward)-+gress(tostep)

aggressionn.進攻,侵略

aggressiveadj.侵略的;攻擊的;挑釁的

Thewarringnationsaccusedofeachotherofaggression.digressv.離題

di-(aside)+gress(tostep)

digressionn.離題

digressiveadj.離題的,枝節(jié)的

Theoldprofessorusedtodigressfromhissubjectforamomenttotellhisstudentsafunnystory.egressn.&v.出口,外出

e-(out)+gress(tostep)

egressionn.外出

Theenemyblockedthenarrowpasssothatnoegresswaspossibleforoursoldiers.

regressv.退回,回歸

re-+gress

regressionn.衰退,倒退

Manymen,whenveryangry,regresstotheirchildhoodandshowtheirbadtemperbyshoutingandstampingtheirfeet.第25頁/共82頁transgressv.越界,違法

trans-(across)+gress(tostep)

transgressionn.違反,犯罪

Hisbehaviortransgressedthemoralrulesofthesocialconduct.

progressv.&n.前進,進步

progressionn.前進

progressiveadj.前進的

Theshipmadeslowprogressthroughtheroughsea.

retrogressv.倒退,退步,衰退

retrogressionn.后退,衰退,退化

Exposedtotheimmoralenvironment,theseyoungmenweredegenerated,anddegenerationsignifiesmoralretrogression.第26頁/共82頁由詞根gress構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：graden.gradualadj.graduatev.&n.congressn.degradev.degreen.ingredientn.centigraden.&adj.*第27頁/共82頁detain,pertain,retain,attain,abstain,contain,maintain,sustain這一組詞共享詞根tain，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為ten,tent,tin，為“握，持(tohold)，伸，拉”之意。detainv.拘留,留住,阻止

de-(away)+tain(tohold)

detentionn.拘留,留住

Iwasdetainedbyanunexpectedvisitorthatmorning.

pertainv.有關(guān)聯(lián),適合,屬于

per-(through)+tain(tohold)

pertinentadj.有關(guān)的,相干的,中肯的

Hisremarkdidnotpertaintothequestion.retainv.保持,保留

re-(back)+tain(tohold)

retentionn保持,保留

Weretainedtheoriginalfireplacewhenwedecoratedtheroom.

attainv.達到,獲得

at-(toward)+tain(tohold)

attainableadj.可到達的,可得到的

LeeattainedthepositionofPresidentoftheFordMotors.第28頁/共82頁abstainv.禁絕,放棄

abs-(away)+tain(tohold)

abstentionn.節(jié)制

abstinencen.節(jié)制,節(jié)欲,戒酒

abstinentadj.飲食有度的,有節(jié)制的,禁欲的

Fivemembersvotedfortheproposal,eightvotedagainst,andtwoabstained.containv.包含,容納

con-(together)+tain(tohold)

Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.maintainv.維持,維修,繼續(xù)

main-(hand)+tain(tohold)

maintenancen.維護,保持

Inordertomaintainphysicalwellbeing,apersonshouldeatwholesomefoodandgetsufficientexercise.

sustainv.支撐,撐住,維持,持續(xù)

sus-(under)+tain(tohold)幻燈片31

sustenancen.食物,生計

Theseawallsustainstheshockofthewaves.幻燈片33第29頁/共82頁A．over-overcastadj.v.&n.B．super-superstructuren.superficialadj.superstitionn.C．sur-surpassv.第30頁/共82頁A．sub-源于拉丁語的英語前綴sub-具有以下含義：1）under;beneath（在……之下）,2)secondary;subordinate（低于，次于）,3)lessthan（不如），它根據(jù)后接詞干的首字母的不同而改變形狀，因而有多種變體：suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sup-,sur-,sus-，主要構(gòu)成以下詞匯：submergev.

submarinen.subordinateadj.n.B．de-.

devaluev.depress

v.

C．under-underminev.D．hypo-hypothesisn.幻燈片30第31頁/共82頁由詞根tain構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：tenantn.

ten(tohold)+-ant(person)continentn.

con(together)+tin(tohold)+-ent(thing)

continentaladj.continuev.

con(together)+tinu(tohold)+elieutenantn.

lieu(aplace)+ten(tohold)+-ant(person)contentn.&a.entertainv.tennisn.第32頁/共82頁enseadj.pretendv.obtainv.thinadj.*第33頁/共82頁attract,contract,detract,distract,extract,subtract,protract這一組詞共享詞根tract，為“拉，抽(todraw)”之意。attractv.吸引

at-(toward)+tract(todraw)

attractionn.吸引

attractiveadj.吸引人的,有魅力的

Shewasattractedbythenoveladvertisement.contractn.&v.契約，合同；收縮

con-(together)+tract(todraw)

contractionn.收縮,緊縮

Theirfirmhavecontractedtobuildadouble-purposebridgeacrosstheriver.detractv.轉(zhuǎn)移,削弱;貶低

de-(away)+tract(todraw)

detractionn.誹謗

Thatdoesnotdetractfromhismerit.distractv.分散(注意力等);使分心

dis-(apart)+tract(todraw)

distractionn.娛樂,分心

distractiveadj.分散注意力的,擾亂的

Myattentionsaredistractedfrommystudy.第34頁/共82頁extractv.拔出,榨取

ex-(out)+tract(todraw)

extractionn.榨取，提取

Wecanextractoilfromolive.subtractv.減去,扣除

sub-+tract

subtractionn.減少

Thatsubtractsnothingfromhismerit.

protractv.延長，拖延

pro-(forward)+tract(todraw)

protractionn.延長，伸長第35頁/共82頁由詞根tract構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：abstractn.

adj.&v.trace

n.trait

n.tractor

n.trackn.trail

n.trainn.retreatv.&n.*第36頁/共82頁reduce,deduce,educe,induce,seduce,produce這一組詞共享詞根duc，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為duct，為“引導(dǎo)(tolead)”之意。reducev.減少,縮小,簡化,還原，降級

re-(back)+duc(tolead)

reductionn.減少,縮小

reductiveadj.減少的,還原的

They'vereducedthepricesintheshop,soit'sagoodtimetobuy.deducev.演繹推理

de-(downfrom)+duc(tolead)

deductionn.減除,推論,演繹

deductiveadj.推論的,演繹的

Ifyouseeadoctorleavingahouse,cev.得出,導(dǎo)出,引出

e-(out)+duc(tolead)

eductionn.導(dǎo)出,引出

Theteacher’squestionseducedmanyfactsabouthomegardens.第37頁/共82頁inducev.勸誘,促使,導(dǎo)致,引起,感應(yīng)，歸納

in-(into)+duc(tolead)

inductionn.感應(yīng),感應(yīng)現(xiàn)象,歸納

inductiveadj.誘導(dǎo)的,歸納的

Whatinducedyoutodosuchafoolishthing?

seducev.誘惑,引誘,使著迷

se-(away)+duc(tolead)

seductionn.誘惑

seductiveadj.誘人的

Shewasseducedbyamanwhoneverkepthispromisetomarryher.

producev.生產(chǎn),制造,引起,招致

pro-(forward)+duc(tolead)

productn.產(chǎn)品

productionn.生產(chǎn)

productiveadj.生產(chǎn)的,能產(chǎn)的,多產(chǎn)的

Hisannouncementproducedgaspsofamazement.第38頁/共82頁由詞根duc構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：conductv.&catev.

e-(ex-)(outof)+duc(tolead)+-roducev.

intro-(into)+duc(tolead)+-eabductv.

ab(awayfrom)+duct(tolead)duke

n.duchessn.dockn.tuckv.tugv.*第39頁/共82頁ascribe,describe,inscribe,prescribe,proscribe,subscribe,transcribe

這一組詞共享詞根scrib，該詞根在名詞和形容詞之中一般改為script，為“書寫(towrite)”之意。

ascribev.歸因于

a-(toward)+scrib(towrite)

Sheascribeddifficultiestooverspending.describev.描寫,記述

de-(down)+scrib(towrite)

descriptionn.描寫

descriptiveadj.描述的,敘述的

Thebeautyofthesunriseisbeyonddescription.inscribe

v.記下，題寫

in-(into)+scrib(towrite)

inscriptionn.題字，碑銘

Themonumentwasinscribedwithnamesofthewardead.

第40頁/共82頁prescribev.指示，規(guī)定，開處方

pre-(before)+scrib(towrite)

prescriptionn.指示，規(guī)定，處方

prescriptiveadj.說明性的

Tscribev.禁止

pro-(before)+scrib(towrite)

proscriptionn.放逐,禁止subscribev.簽署，訂閱，捐款

sub-(underneath)+scrib(towrite)

subscriptionn.捐獻，定金，簽署，訂閱

subscribern.訂戶，簽署者，捐獻者transcribe

v.轉(zhuǎn)錄

trans-(from…to…)+scrib(towrite)

transcriptn.抄本

transcriptionn.抄，轉(zhuǎn)錄

That,hereflected,mightalmosthavebeenatranscriptionfromatextbook.第41頁/共82頁由詞根scrib構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：conscriptv.&n.征兵，應(yīng)征士兵

con-(together)+script(towrite)

conscriptionn.

征兵

Heescapedconscriptionbecausehewastoofat.scriben.抄寫者

scriptn.手跡，筆跡scribblev.潦草得涂，潦草得畫

postscriptn.附言manuscriptn.circumscribev.*第42頁/共82頁concur,incur,occur,recur

這一組詞共享詞根cur，該詞根還有變體cur,cour，cor,car,char源于拉丁語currere，為“跑(torun)”之意。concurv.

同時發(fā)生，同意

con-(together)+cur(togo,run)

concurrentadj.并發(fā)的，協(xié)作的，一致的

concurrencen.同時發(fā)生

concoursen.集合，合流，群眾

Everythingconcurredtoproduceasuccessfulresult.

incurv.招致

in-(into)+cur(togo,run)

incursionn.襲擊，入侵

Iresenttheseincursionsintomyleisuretime.

occurv.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)

oc-(toward)+cur(togo,run)

occurrencen.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，事件

Thatplanecrashoccurredonlyminutesaftertake-off.

。recurv.復(fù)發(fā)，重現(xiàn)，再來

re-(back,again)+cur(torun,go)

recurrencen.復(fù)發(fā)，循環(huán)

recurrentadj.周期性發(fā)生的，循環(huán)的

Thethoughtofatriparoundtheworldhasoftenrecurredtomymind.第43頁/共82頁由詞根cur構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：currentn.&ercoursen.excursionn.cursorn.corridorn.curriculumn.carn.careern.carryv.carriern.第44頁/共82頁cargo

n.chargen.&v.dischargen.&v.carpentern.*第45頁/共82頁eminent,imminent,preeminent,prominent

這一組詞共享詞根min，源于拉丁語minari，為“突出，伸出(toproject)”之意。eminentadj.杰出的，突出的，著名的

e-(out)+min(tostickout)+-ent

eminencen.杰出，卓越，著名

Themanwhoachievedthisinfluencewasanunlikelycandidateforsucheminence.

imminentadj.急迫的，危急的；迫近的

im-(into)+min(tostickout)+-ent

imminencen.急迫，危急；迫近的危險

Theimminenceoftheirexamsmadethestudentsworkevenharder.

preeminentadj.卓越的，杰出的

pre-(before)+e-(out)+min(tostickout)+-ent

ShakespeareandBenJohnsonarepreeminentamongEminentadj.杰出的，卓越的，引人注目的，著名的

pro-(forward)+min-(tostickout)+-ent

prominencen.顯著，杰出，卓越

Thehouseisinaprominentpositiononthevillagegreen.第46頁/共82頁mountainn.mountv.&n.amountn.&v.mouthn.menacen.MontrealMontanaMonteCarloMontgomery第47頁/共82頁minuten.minuteadj.minusadj.minorityn.ministern.diminishv.minimumn.*第48頁/共82頁abrupt,corrupt,disrupt,erupt,interrupt

這一組詞共享詞根rupt，源于拉丁語rumpere，為“打斷，爆發(fā)(tobreak)”之意。abruptadj.突然的

ab-(off)+rupt(tobreak)

Themeetingcametoanabruptend.

corruptadj.腐敗的，被破壞的；v.腐蝕，腐爛

cor-(thoroughly)+rupt(tobreak)

corruptionn.腐敗，墮落

Corruptionstandsinthewayofthedevelopmentofthesociety.disrupt

v.使中斷，使分裂，破壞

dis-(apart)+rupt(tobreak)

disruptionn.中斷，分裂，破壞

Anaccidenthasdisruptedrailwayservicesintoandoutofthecity.第49頁/共82頁eruptv.爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)

e-(out)+rupt(tobreak)

eruptionn.爆發(fā)

Theplacewasrecentlyvisitedbyaseriousvolcaniceruption.

interruptv.打斷，中斷

inter-(between,inbetween)+rupt(tobreak)

interruptionn.中斷，打斷

Tradebetweenthetwocountrieswasinterruptedbythewar.第50頁/共82頁bankruptadj.,v.&n.bankruptcyn.ripv.&n.robv.robbern.robberyn.roben.wardroben.*第51頁/共82頁

confer,defer,differ,offer,prefer,proffer,refer,transfer

這一組詞共享詞根fer，源于拉丁語ferre，為“tobring,tocarry（攜帶）”之意。

conferv.協(xié)商，授予

con-(together)+fer(tocarry)

conferencen.會議，協(xié)商會議

Theschoolconferredanawardonthestudent.deferv.to推遲，聽從

de-(down)+fer(tocarry)

deferencen.順從，尊重

defermentn.推遲，延遲

Theeffectofdefermentwillnotbephysicallynoticeableforatleastseveralmonths.

differv.不一致,不同

dif-(apart)+fer(tocarry)

differencen.差異,差別,分歧

differentadj.不同的

indifferentadj.

Thebrothersdifferwidelyintheirtastes.

offerv.&n.提供,出價,貢獻,獻祭

of-(to)+fer(tocarry)

Hecametowardsme,smiledandofferedhishand.

第52頁/共82頁preferv.更喜歡,寧愿

pre-(before)+fer(tocarry)

preferencen.偏愛,優(yōu)先選擇

HechoseGermany,butpersonallyI'dprefertogotoSpain.

Efferv.&n.提供

pro-(forward)+fer(tocarry)

Sheprofferedhimherresignation.

referv.提交，談及，涉及

re-(back)+fer(tocarry)

referencen.提及，參考

referendumn.全民公決

refereen.

Thegovernmentisgoingtoholdareferendumonwhethergamblingshouldbeforbidden.transferv.&n.轉(zhuǎn)移，遷移，調(diào)換

trans-(across)+fer(tocarry)

transferableadj.可轉(zhuǎn)移的，可調(diào)換的

transferencen.轉(zhuǎn)移，遷移，調(diào)換

Thetransferenceofhispropertywashandledbyalawyer.第53頁/共82頁由詞根fer構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：ferryn.inferv.inferencen.fertileadj.fertilityn.fertilizev.sufferv.fortunen.metaphorn.*第54頁/共82頁abject,deject,eject,inject,object,project,subject

這一組詞共享詞根ject，源于拉丁語iacere，并有變體jac，為“tothrow,lie,orbethrowndown（投擲）”之意。

abjectadj.可憐的，卑鄙的

ab-(away)+ject(tothrow)

Theywerelivinginsuchabjectpovertythattheycouldnotevenaffordthebarenecessities.

dejectv.使沮喪，使灰心

de-(down)+ject(tothrow)

dejectionn沮喪

Thelossofbattledejectedthesoldiersverymuch.ejectv.逐出，攆出，噴射

e-(out)+ject(tothrow)

ejectionn噴出，排出物

Thenoisyyouthswereejectedfromthecinema.

inject

v.注射，注入

in-(into)+ject(tothrow)

injection

注射，注入

Simoninjectedatouchofhumorintotheconversation.第55頁/共82頁objectn.物體,目標(biāo),賓語,對象；v.反對,拒絕,抗議

ob-(toward)+ject(tothrow)

objectionn.反對

objectiveadj.客觀的

Somepeopleobjectedthatthenewtaxlawwasunfair.

projectv.&n.投射,放映,設(shè)計,計劃,工程

pro-(forward)+ject(tothrow)

Willyoubeabletoprojectthefilmforus?

projectionn.

projectorn.

projectionistn.subjectn.主題,科目,學(xué)科；v.使屈從于,使隸屬；adj.受他國統(tǒng)治的,未獨立的,受制于……的

sub-(under)+ject(tothrow)

Wearesubjecttothelawoftheland.第56頁/共82頁由詞根ject構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：adjacentadj.

ad-(near)+jac(tobethrowndown)+-ent(-ing)rejectv.adjectiven.&v.jetn.*第57頁/共82頁

assume,consume,presume,resume

這一組詞共享詞根sum，源于拉丁語sumere，并有變體sumpt，為“totake（取，拿）”之意。assumev.假定,設(shè)想,采取,呈現(xiàn)

as-(toward)+sum(totake)

assumptionn.假定,設(shè)想,擔(dān)任,承當(dāng)

Youassumehimtobeinnocentbeforehearingtheevidenceagainstit.consume

v.消耗,消費,消滅

con-(together)+sum(totake)

consumptionn.消費,消費量,肺病

consumptiveadj.消費的,消耗性的

Ialwaystakefuelconsumptionintoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.

presumev.假定,假設(shè),認為

pre-(before)+sum(totake)

presumptionn.假定

We'rehavingthepartyinthegardenonthepresumptionthatit'snotgoingtorain.

resumev.恢復(fù),重新占用,重新開始

re-(back)+sum(totake)

resumptionn.

Hepaused,drankaglassofhiswine,reflectedforamoment,andresumed.第58頁/共82頁examplen.exemplifyv.samplen.ransomn.&v.summitn.sumn.summaryn.*第59頁/共82頁conserve,deserve,observe,preserve,reserve

這一組詞共享詞根serv，為“保留,保護(tokeeporprotect)”之意。conservev.保存,保藏

con-(together)+serv(tokeep)

conservativeadj.&n.保守的,保守派

conservationn.保存

conservatoryn.溫室,音樂學(xué)校

Mostpeoplehavecometoaccepttheneedforconservationofnaturalresources.

deservev.應(yīng)受,值得

de-(foremphasis)+serv(tokeep)

You'vebeenworkingallmorning---youdeservearest.observev.觀察,觀測,遵守

ob-(toward)+serv(tokeep)

observationn.觀察,觀測

observatoryn.天文臺,氣象臺preservev.保護,保持,保存,保藏

pre-(before)+serv(tokeep)

preservationn.保存

Ithinktheseinterestingoldcustomsshouldbepreserved.

reservev.&n.儲備,保存,保留,預(yù)定

re-(again)+serv(tokeep)

reservationn.保留,預(yù)定

reservoirn.

Thehotelprovidesareservationofticketsforitsresidents.

第60頁/共82頁heron.heroicadj.heroinen.*第61頁/共82頁constitute,destitute,institute,restitute,substitute

這一組詞共享詞根stitut，來自于拉丁語stare，表示“站立(tostand)”之意，并進一步引申為“設(shè)立(tosetup)”。constitutev.構(gòu)成，組成

con-(together)+stitut(tosetup)

constitutionn.憲法,構(gòu)造

constituentn.委托人,要素

Thecountry'sconstitutionembodiestheidealsoffreedomandequality.

destituteadj.困窮的,缺乏的

de-(down)+stitut(tostand)

destitutionn.窮困,缺乏,貧窮

Thefewpackagesoffoodseemedamockeryinthefaceofsuchenormous

destitution.institutev.創(chuàng)立,開始,制定；n.學(xué)會,學(xué)院,協(xié)會

in-(on)+stitut(tosetup)

institutionn.公共機構(gòu),協(xié)會,制度

institutionaladj.制度上的

Thepoliceinstitutedaninquiryintothecauseoftheaccident.第62頁/共82頁restitute

v.復(fù)原,歸還

re-(back)+stitut(tosetup)

restitutionn.歸還

Thegovernmentorderedthepoliceouttorestituteorderinthestreets.

substituten.代替者,替代品;v.代替,替代

sub-(under)+stitut(tosetup)

substitutionn.代替,取代作用

Theunderstudysubstitutedwhentheleadingactorfellill.第63頁/共82頁由詞根stitut構(gòu)成的詞匯還有：prostituten.staten.stationn.stayv.&

n.distancen.constantadj.circumstancen.obstaclen.restv.superstitionn.

superstitiousadj.contrastn.&v.*第64頁/共82頁admit,commit,emit,intermit,omit,permit,transmit

這一組詞共享詞根mit，來自于拉丁語mittere，并有變體miss，表示“發(fā)、送（tosend,letgo）”之意。admit

v.容許，承認，接納

ad-(to)+mit(tosend,letgo)

admissionn.允許進入，承認